必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语语基默写（人教版）

**基本信息** 聚焦自然灾害主题，构建“词汇-短语-句型-应用”递进式训练体系，强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |核心词汇|20个短语|中英互译|围绕灾害场景构建基础词汇网络| |拓展词汇|8组词形变化|词形转换|通过词性、词义衍生建立词汇关联| |短语|11个固定搭配|短语填空|衔接词汇与句型，强化语境应用| |句型|6个例句+3个仿写|句型仿写|从基础句式到复杂结构，提升表达准确性| |练习题|16题综合训练|语法填空/短语运用|整合词汇、语法知识，实现知识迁移|

　UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS 一、核心词汇——写其形 1.walk into the trap　　　　　 走入陷阱 2.suffer a disaster　　　　　　 遭受灾难 3.the results shock many people 结果震惊了许多人 4.financial ruin 经济崩溃，财务破产 5.give medical aid 给予医疗援助 6.slide down the grassy slope 从草坡上滑下来 7.a rough shelter 一处简陋的避难所 8.damage the environment 破坏环境 9.be buried in a book 埋头读书 10.spare no effort 不遗余力 11.affect social development 影响社会发展 12.keep away from toxic gases 远离有毒气体 13.keep calm 保持镇静 14.suffer huge losses 遭受巨额亏损 15.strike his head on the edge of the table 他的头碰在桌棱上 16.car crash 车祸 17.water supply 水供应 18.cause and effect 因果关系 19.tap me on the shoulder 拍我的肩膀 20.wave goodbye to me 挥手向我告别 二、拓展词汇——通其变 1.wise adj.明智的→wisdom n．智慧；才智→(反义词)unwise adj.不明智的 2.die vi.去世；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→death n．死；死亡→dying adj.垂死的；消亡的 3.deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n．投递；送交；分娩 4.emerge vi.浮现；出现→emergent adj.紧急的→emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况 5.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存；生存→survivor n．幸存者 6.electric adj.电的；用电的→electronic adj.电子的→electricity n．电；电能 7.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 8.long adj.长的→length n．长；长度→lengthen v．(使)变长 1.be__(deeply/greatly)__affected__by... 　　　　　　　　　 (深)受……影响 2.in__ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 3.be__buried__in/bury__oneself__in 埋头于；专心于 4.in__shock 震惊；吃惊 5.suffer__from... 患……病；受……折磨 6.in__the__open__air 露天；在户外 7.survive__on... 依靠……生存 8.on__hand 现有(尤指帮助) 9.in__effect 实际上 10.sweep__away 消灭；彻底消除 11.be__struck__with/by... 被……所袭击；被……所感动 1.仿佛世界末日即将来临！(as if...) It seemed as__if__the__world__were__coming__to__an__end! 2.地震刚刚过去，部队就派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。(who引导定语从句) Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150，000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who__were__trapped and to bury the dead. 3.我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，这时海水突然开始涌入我家。(be doing...when...) I was__having__breakfast__with__my__three__children__when water started filling my home. 4.鸡甚至猪都紧张得不能进食，狗也不愿意到室内去。(too...to...) Chickens and even pigs were__too__nervous__to__eat,__and dogs refused to go inside buildings. 5.砖块就像秋天的红叶覆盖着地面。(修辞之明喻) Bricks covered the ground like__red__autumn__leaves． 6.过去40年来最强的一次地震引起的海啸昨天登陆了亚洲海岸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其他至少四个国家的6 500多人死亡。(现在分词短语作结果状语) The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia yesterday, killing__more__than__6，500__people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Before the exam, my hands were shaking with nervousness. I closed my eyes for a minute to calm down,__and then I felt ready to start. 2．When her best friend was going through a hard time, she spared no effort to__help(help), which made her friend feel warm and supported even in the darkest days. 3．We were shocked by the shocking news that the man in charge of the charity died suddenly yesterday.(shock) 4．(2024·全国甲卷)When a cat is looking for affection(affect), they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. 5．The only survivor who survived the terrible car accident told her friends that it was the safety belt that contributed to her survival．(survive) 6．(译林选必二U1)The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped(trap). 7．In reality, he is a man of much wisdom and in a way he is quite like his father who always uses time wisely．(wise) 8．Breathless,__we finally arrived at the top, but it was worth it when we saw the splendid view of the island that took our breath away. (breathe) Ⅱ.重点短语运用 1．The company keeps__a__supply__of__emergency__equipment__on__hand(手边保留一批应急设备) in case of a natural disaster. 2．The artist enjoys painting__landscapes__in__the__open__air(在户外画风景画), as it allows her to capture the natural light and atmosphere. 3．After the terrible earthquake, the city center was left in__ruins(严重受损), with many buildings reduced to piles of rubble. 4．The researcher was__buried__in/buried__herself__in__her__latest__project(专心于她的最新项目) so much that she forgot to take breaks. 5．In__effect(实际上), the decision means that the project will be postponed until further notice. Ⅲ.核心句型仿写 1．树叶在风中舞动，好像在唱一首欢快的歌。 (as if引导方式状语从句) The leaves danced in the wind as__if__they__were__singing__a__happy__song． 2．(北师大必修二U4)我们都为她感到骄傲，因为她证明了学习一项新技能永远都不会晚。(too...to...) We are all very proud of her as she has proven that it's never__too__late__to__learn__a__new__skill． 3．Because she buried herself in the film，she didn't know it was snowing outside. →Burying__herself__in__the__film,__she didn't know it was snowing outside.(现在分词短语作状语) →Buried__in__the__film,__she didn't know it was snowing outside.(过去分词短语作状语) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $