Unit 4 Natural Disasters 课时作业2-2027届高三英语一轮复习人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦必修一Unit4核心词汇与语法，通过基础巩固与综合应用双层次训练，系统构建从词汇拼写、语法填空到语篇理解的语言能力培养链条，融合思维品质与学习能力提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |必备知识基础练|单词拼写8题、语法填空7题、关系代词练习10题、完成句子5题|聚焦单元核心词汇（如emergency, survivors）及关系代词用法，通过单句语境强化基础语言知识|从词汇积累到语法规则应用，形成"词-句-语法"渐进式知识网络，夯实语言能力基础| |关键能力综合练|阅读理解3题、完形填空15题、读后续写1题|以实验室安全、灾难互助、海上求生为主题语篇，考查信息获取、逻辑推理及语篇续写能力|将基础语言知识融入真实情境，通过语篇理解与表达提升思维品质，体现语言能力在跨文化沟通中的应用|

高中英语第一轮必修一Unit4 课时作业(二):Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking 必备知识基础练 进阶训练第一层 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．It is very important to know first aid kit in case of e________． 2．The government promised the public to increase the ________ (供应量) of green products in the market. 3．Having a good sense of smell, dogs are often used to search for those s________ in an earthquake. 4．People were swimming in the ocean despite the ________ (飓风) warning. 5．When seeing we were trapped, one of the rescue workers came to our a ________． 6．The judge finally blew the w________， which meant the game came to a stop. 7．The ________ (火山) erupted last year killing about 600 people. 8．Sara is usually a c________ (沉着的) girl, but she lost it after being laughed at in public. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．With the more strict competition regulations, there is almost not ________ black whistle in the event. 2．The workers went ________ strike, asking their boss for more pay and better working conditions. 3．There's no doubt that China is on the way to becoming a ________ (power) country in the world. 4．It is reported that the volcano in Japan is showing signs of ________ (erupt) in recent years. 5．Because of the recent frequent earthquakes, people have to sleep ________ the open air. 6．To our great joy, a rescue worker heard the last survivor ________ (tap) his fingers on the pipe. 7．One of the water ________ (pipe) burst and the entire apartment was flooded. Ⅲ.单元语法练习 用适当的关系代词填入下列各句 1．The old man ________ we visited yesterday is a famous artist. 2．Miss Wang is taking care of the child ________ parents have gone to Beijing . 3．I live in the room ________ windows face south. 4．I'll never forget the days ________ I spent in the countryside. 5．The man ________ my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster. 6．This is one of the most interesting films ________ I have ever seen. 7．He is the only one of the students who ________ (be) a winner of scholarship for three years. 8．—Why does she always ask you for help? —There is no one else ________ she can turn to, is there? 9．Will you please show me the way to the only tall building that ________ (stand) near the post office? 10．The comrade I want to learn from is the one ________ studies hard and works hard. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．那个人的汽车抛锚了，他们都跑过去帮忙。 They rushed over to help the man ________________ had broken down. 2．借给你钱的那个人叫什么名字？ What was the name of the man ________________________________？ 3．孩子们喜欢我夫人做的饼干。 The children like the cookies ________________________________． 4．这就是那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家。 This is the famous singer ________ we have often talked ________． 5．她也许是我教的学生中学习最勤奋的。 She was probably the hardest working student ________________________ ever ________． 关键能力综合练 进阶训练第二层 Ⅰ.阅读理解 Middle School Laboratory Safety Rules Science is about discovering and exploring the natural world. Explorations can occur in the classroom, laboratory or field.As part of your science lessons, you will take part in many activities using many different materials, equipment and chemicals, which can be dangerous if not used correctly. As a result, you may be faced with biological, chemical or physical hazards． Safety is THE MOST IMPORTANT thing. The following safety rules have been developed for the protection and safety of everyone. ★Behave yourself in a responsible way at all times. Risky behaviours such as throwing things and doing experiments without teachers' instructions are not allowed. ★Eating, drinking, chewing gum, wearing make­up, touching contact lenses (隐形眼镜) or other unsafe activities are not allowed. ★Do not enter or work in the laboratory unless an instructor is present. ★Never enter areas where chemicals are kept. ★Taking any chemicals or equipment away from the classroom or laboratory is not allowed. The safety rules must be followed at all times. Review these rules with your teacher and parents; then sign and get the signature (签名) of a parent.The signature shows that you understand the lab can be dangerous, and that you have read the rules and agree to follow them at all times. Signatures are needed before you can go on with any lab or science classroom activity. 1．What does the underlined word “hazards” probably mean in Paragraph 1? A．Illnesses. B．Examinations. C．Dangers. D．Experiments. 2．Which of the following might be allowed in the lab? A．Drinking soda. B．Having breakfast. C．Taking away chemicals. D．Wearing glasses. 3．What should students do after reading the text? A．Sign to agree to the rules. B．Get a teacher's signature. C．Take a test on safety rules. D．Go on with lab activities. Ⅱ.完形填空 [2025·陕西岐山期中]The city was in ruins after the disaster. I had no choice but to walk home as all the __1__ had stopped as a result of the flood. On my way home I __2__ an old lady giving out free bread, which made my heart __3__. My friend, who wanted to be __4__ to others, stood in the cold with a sign “If you don't __5__ a motorcycle, I'll be glad to drive you home.” The next day I drove to have my car __6__. There was not enough __7__ now and many gas stations were closed or had very __8__ lines because of the damage of pipes. I got worried, since I was behind fifteen cars. Finally, when my __9__ came, the man smiled and said, “We are only giving $30 worth of gas per person. Is that alright？” Of course. It's nice that we are all able to __10__，” I said. I was affected by his smile. At the escape center I saw a man __11__ when people brought food to him. It was the first time in three days that he had got food supplies. __12__， after he cleaned up the tears, his next words surprised me. “I am very __13__ that we are provided with food. But people in the city next to us haven't __14__ any food at all. Please go to that center as well.” Hearing that, I realized there was a bright future on the other side of this __15__., 1．A.life B．business C．rescue D．traffic 2．A.noticed B．missed C．ignored D．caught 3．A.kind B．broken C．warm D．empty 4．A.grateful B．helpful C．unique D．familiar 5．A.buy B．care C．matter D．mind 6．A.used up B．taken up C．filled up D．washed away 7．A.gas B．information C．food D．water 8．A.direct B．fine C．long D．thin 9．A.time B．turn C．duty D．decision 10．A.share B．offer C．learn D．choose 11．A.crying B．eating C．smiling D．singing 12．A.Besides B．Still C．However D．Instead 13．A.sure B．thankful C．surprised D．proud 14．A.bought B．wasted C．prepared D．received 15．A.disaster B．chance C．city D．center Ⅲ.读后续写 Fisherman Salvador was just trying to make a living on the sea with fellow fisherman Cordoba. Two days into the journey, disaster struck, and the two men would begin the greatest challenge of their lives. The boat was loaded with tons of provisions, including 70 gallons of gasoline, 16 gallons of water, 50 lbs of sardines for bait (鱼饵). They also had a mobile phone, kept safe in a plastic bag, a GPS, and a two­way radio. The two had never spoken before or worked together, but they liked fishing and both of them seemed to know what they were doing. Two days later, the weather was getting worse and worse. Salvador was trying to remain calm, but Cordoba was not prepared.He held on to the rail (围栏) for dear life as the waves crashed around them, vomiting (呕吐) and crying. When the storm finally passed, Salvador noticed that they had drifted far away from land. To make matters worse, the motor had stopped working. Salvador called his boss on the radio, but there was no response. Even worse was the fact that the GPS they had brought with them had stopped working. The two men had been at sea for two months. While Salvador had become accustomed to catching and eating the animals available to them, Cordoba's mental health and physical health had begun to decrease. Once he got sick from eating raw seabirds, he refused to eat at all. His own depression, fear and malnutrition (营养不良) finally killed him, leaving Salvador alone on the boat. One day, after a terrible storm, Salvador found the sky was suddenly filled with shorebirds. He knew that he was heading for land at last. He must have been close. There, in the distance was a green Pacific atoll (环礁). It looked small and wild, but it was dry land and would likely have food and shelter. Salvador struggled until he reached what appeared to be a beach house. This was a fisherman's home. Seeing a weak man heading to their home unsteadily from the sea, the fisherman and his wife rushed out to him and welcomed him into their home. They had never seen anyone so weak and hungry. They were surprised that Salvador remained awake and managed to ask for a doctor before losing consciousness. Meanwhile they prepared abundant food and water for him. 注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为80左右； 2．续写部分为一段，开头语已为你写好。 Salvador was rescued. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案&详细解析 课时作业(二)：Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking 必备知识基础练 Ⅰ. 1．emergency　2.supply　3.survivors　4.hurricane　5.aid　6.whistle　7.volcano　8.calm Ⅱ. 1．a　2.on　3.powerful　4.erupting　5.in　6.tapping　7.pipes Ⅲ. 1．whom/that/who　2.whose　3.whose　4.that/which 5．that/whom/who　6.that　7.is　8.that/whom/who 9．stands　10.who/that Ⅳ. 1．whose car 2．who lent you money 3．that/which my wife makes 4．whom/that/who; about 5．that/who/whom I have; taught 关键能力综合练 Ⅰ. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，介绍了同学们在实验室需要遵守的一些规则以及制度，以此保证同学们在实验过程中的安全。 1．答案与解析：C　词义猜测题。根据前句中“which can be dangerous if not used correctly”可知，如果你没有使用正确，则会让自己处于危险之中。故画线词hazards意为“危险”。 2．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二个星号所在段中“Eating, drinking, chewing gum, wearing make­up, touching contact lenses (隐形眼镜) or other unsafe activities are not allowed.”可知，吃东西、喝饮料、嚼口香糖以及化妆和戴隐形眼镜是不被允许的。D项(戴眼镜)未在禁止之列，是可以的。 3．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Review these rules with your teacher and parents; then sign and get the signature(签名)of a parent.”可知，学生要仔细浏览这些规则，并在家长的陪同下签名以表示你同意遵守这些规则，故学生读了这篇文章后应该签字同意这些规则。 Ⅱ. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者所生活的城市遭受洪水灾害后，很多人的无私援助让作者感受到了温暖，而且一些难民的举动也让作者感到了城市的光明前景的故事。 1．答案与解析：D　根据上文“I had no choice but to walk home”可知，洪水使得交通(traffic)瘫痪，作者只能步行回家。 2．答案与解析：A　根据空后“an old lady giving out free bread”可知，作者在回家的路上应该是注意到(noticed)一位老太太在给大家分发免费的面包。 3．答案与解析：C　根据情景可知，老太太给大家分发免费面包的场景使作者感到温暖(warm)。 4．答案与解析：B　根据下文“I'll be glad to drive you home”可知，他希望能够对别人有所帮助(helpful)。grateful感激的；unique独一无二的；familiar熟悉的。 5．答案与解析：D　根据常识可知，在寒冷的天气里乘坐摩托车是很冷的，所以如果您不介意(mind)坐摩托车的话，我会非常乐意把您送回家。 6．答案与解析：C　根据下文gas stations可知，作者是去加油站给汽车加油(filled up)。use up用完，耗尽； take up占据，从事；wash away冲走。 7．答案与解析：A　根据下文“many gas stations were closed...I got worried”可知，我的车现在没有足够的汽油(gas)了，许多加油站要么关闭，要么排起了长队。information信息。 8．答案与解析：C　根据上下文可知，等待给车加油的人很多，排着长长的(long)队。direct笔直的；thin瘦的。 9．答案与解析：B　根据上文提到作者在排队加油，此处指轮到(turn)作者的车加油了。 10．答案与解析：A　根据上文“we are only giving $30 worth of gas per person.”每个人只可以加30美元的汽油，所以大家都可以分享(share)一些，而不至于有些司机加不到油。 11．答案与解析：A　根据下文“after he cleaned up the tears”可知，那个人因为人们给他带来食物而感动得哭了(crying)。 12．答案与解析：C　根据上下文句意可知，前后句之间是转折关系，故用however。 13．答案与解析：B　根据下文“we are provided with food”可知，这个人非常感激(thankful)大家提供给他的食物。 14．答案与解析：D　根据下文“Please go to that center as well”可知，隔壁城市的人们还没有收到(received)任何食物。 15．答案与解析：C　根据首段中的“The city was in ruins”可知，作者感到这个城市(city)会有光明的未来。disaster灾难。 Ⅲ. 参考范文： Salvador was rescued. Despite suffering unimaginable hardships, Salvador had survived his journey. He had spent 438 days lost at sea and finally he was safe. Soon enough, he was on his way back home to Salvador, where he was reunited with his family. Of course, he made time to visit Cordoba's mother to tell her the news of her son's death. No matter what situation we are in, prepare for anything possible and stick to the last minute bravely. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $