必修第一册 WELCOME UNIT 课后检测能力达标（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语（人教版）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2026·武汉调研)To the dynamic beat of Aretha Franklin's songs, families sit in the crowd at the hall of Horace Mann Middle School. They are waiting, slightly anxious.These families are participating in a one-of-a-kind program called Spark.

The meeting will pair students with volunteer apprentice (学徒) teachers.Lawyers, hair stylists, and software developers will meet up with students who have selected their occupations as the ones they would most like to learn about.Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined.

Nationally, some 30 percent of US high school students drop out.“While improved curricula (课程), better teaching, and modern equipment may be part of the solution, you have to have the relevance，” says Mr.Balme about his Spark program.

The gap between those worlds—one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣)—hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia.He was also studying at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.

The public school was in bad shape, with a high dropout rate.While walking back to the Wharton School, Balme realized he was “seeing all these resources, and yet those kids had no idea what was right there all around them”．That's when everything fell into place.The problem and the solution were right next to each other.In 2004, he and Melia Dicker founded Spark.

Apprenticeships are “not rocket science”， says Holly Depatie, Spark's board chair.But other coaching programs, such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America, while pairing youngsters with adults, don't specifically target learning about jobs.So far, Spark has created more than 700 apprenticeships in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过将学生与志愿者学徒教师配对解决教育资源不平衡的问题的Spark项目。

1．How does Spark help the students?

A．By updating teaching equipment.

B．By offering hands-on experiences.

C．By financing young apprentices.

D．By improving school curricula.

B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容，尤其是 “Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences...probably only imagined.”可知，Spark项目通过提供实际的工作经历来帮助学生。

2．What is the major drive for Balme to set up Spark?

A．The dropout rate of US high schools.

B．The prosperity in famous universities.

C．The expectation of disadvantaged teens.

D．The imbalance in educational resources.

D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The gap between those worlds...hit Balme”和第五段首句可知，教育资源的不平衡促使巴姆和梅利亚创立了 Spark项目。

3．Which word best describes Balme?

A．Reserved. B．Grateful.

C．Observant. D．Modest.

C　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“While walking back to...next to each other.”可知，巴姆通过观察周围环境，意识到学生们不知道周围的资源，即巴姆是观察力敏锐的。

4．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?

A．To show Spark's distinction.

B．To justify similar programs.

C．To tackle Spark's challenge.

D．To criticize current situations.

A　解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段中的“Apprenticeships are ...learning about jobs.”可知，Spark项目专门针对职业学习，而其他计划虽然也将年轻人与成年人配对， 但不特别针对职业学习。由此可推知， 最后一段的目的是展示Spark项目的独特之处。

B

(2026·南京二模)This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, and inspiration. It's supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation (膨胀) of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn't.

To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with D and F grades.

Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It's not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are so wide and consistent, parents and the public should not be fooled.

That's true not just of low-achieving students. In a 2023 survey, educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn, and 8 out of 10 teachers give in. It's hard to blame them: A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don't.

Unearned grades are damaging in many ways. Some students, armed with good grades, march off to college to find themselves in remedial (补习的) classes because they haven't learned enough to take college-level courses. Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce. There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren't even good at reading books.