必修第一册 WELCOME UNIT 课后检测能力达标（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语（人教版）

**基本信息** 整合高考真题多题型，系统提炼解题方法，构建“题型-技巧-素养”逻辑链，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|2篇（武汉调研/南京二模）|细节定位、推理判断、标题归纳等题型解法|依托语篇考查信息提取与逻辑分析能力| |七选五|1篇（湖北重点中学联考）|语境衔接与段落逻辑推断|句间关系与篇章结构的综合运用| |完形填空|1篇（汕头三模）|上下文语境词义推断|文化背景与语言知识的融合| |语法填空|1篇（湖南沅澧模拟）|非谓语、时态、冠词等语法点应用|语法规则在语篇中的实际运用|

Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2026·武汉调研)To the dynamic beat of Aretha Franklin's songs, families sit in the crowd at the hall of Horace Mann Middle School. They are waiting, slightly anxious.These families are participating in a one-of-a-kind program called Spark. The meeting will pair students with volunteer apprentice (学徒) teachers.Lawyers, hair stylists, and software developers will meet up with students who have selected their occupations as the ones they would most like to learn about.Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined. Nationally, some 30 percent of US high school students drop out.“While improved curricula (课程), better teaching, and modern equipment may be part of the solution, you have to have the relevance，” says Mr.Balme about his Spark program. The gap between those worlds—one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣)—hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia.He was also studying at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. The public school was in bad shape, with a high dropout rate.While walking back to the Wharton School, Balme realized he was “seeing all these resources, and yet those kids had no idea what was right there all around them”．That's when everything fell into place.The problem and the solution were right next to each other.In 2004, he and Melia Dicker founded Spark. Apprenticeships are “not rocket science”， says Holly Depatie, Spark's board chair.But other coaching programs, such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America, while pairing youngsters with adults, don't specifically target learning about jobs.So far, Spark has created more than 700 apprenticeships in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过将学生与志愿者学徒教师配对解决教育资源不平衡的问题的Spark项目。 1．How does Spark help the students? A．By updating teaching equipment. B．By offering hands-on experiences. C．By financing young apprentices. D．By improving school curricula. B　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容，尤其是 “Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences...probably only imagined.”可知，Spark项目通过提供实际的工作经历来帮助学生。 2．What is the major drive for Balme to set up Spark? A．The dropout rate of US high schools. B．The prosperity in famous universities. C．The expectation of disadvantaged teens. D．The imbalance in educational resources. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The gap between those worlds...hit Balme”和第五段首句可知，教育资源的不平衡促使巴姆和梅利亚创立了 Spark项目。 3．Which word best describes Balme? A．Reserved. B．Grateful. C．Observant. D．Modest. C　解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“While walking back to...next to each other.”可知，巴姆通过观察周围环境，意识到学生们不知道周围的资源，即巴姆是观察力敏锐的。 4．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A．To show Spark's distinction. B．To justify similar programs. C．To tackle Spark's challenge. D．To criticize current situations. A　解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段中的“Apprenticeships are ...learning about jobs.”可知，Spark项目专门针对职业学习，而其他计划虽然也将年轻人与成年人配对， 但不特别针对职业学习。由此可推知， 最后一段的目的是展示Spark项目的独特之处。 B (2026·南京二模)This might sound impossibly old-fashioned, but I still like the idea that education is about learning: facts, skills, culture, analysis, and inspiration. It's supposed to make us better citizens. But over the last decade, the goal of learning has given way to grades and degrees. The unfortunate result has been inflation (膨胀) of both. They rise ever higher; learning doesn't. To avoid discouraging students, some school districts did away with D and F grades. Grade-point averages have consistently risen even though scores on nationwide standardized exams such as the SAT have not. It's not that I think standardized tests are the final word in measuring excellence. But when the gaps between grades and test scores are so wide and consistent, parents and the public should not be fooled. That's true not just of low-achieving students. In a 2023 survey, educators said that close to half of students argue for higher grades than they earn, and 8 out of 10 teachers give in. It's hard to blame them: A third or more of students and parents disturb them when they don't. Unearned grades are damaging in many ways. Some students, armed with good grades, march off to college to find themselves in remedial (补习的) classes because they haven't learned enough to take college-level courses. Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce. There are also complaints from college professors that the students aren't even good at reading books. Grade inflation has followed students into college. Some professors hesitate to grade accurately because of student evaluations, which are often more negative for tough graders. Remember that about 70% of college instructors are adjunct (兼职) professors who have few job protections. Many Ivy League students have learned to cherry-pick easy-grading professors. Yet a Brown University study found that students taking courses from professors with stricter grading standards learned more. We have to ask ourselves as a society: Do we want college to be a place of intellectual growth—or a performative exercise in grade fishing? 【解题导语】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出这会导致学生实际学习不足，不能满足工作需求。作者认为应该重视真正的学习，而不是单纯追求高分。 5．What are parents fooled into thinking? A．SAT is the best measure of their children's abilities. B.The purpose of education is to make better citizens. C.Grade-point averages are vital for college application. D．Children's high grades reflect their exceptional abilities. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，学生的平均绩点持续上升，但全国标准化考试成绩却没有相应提高，当成绩和考试分数差距很大且持续存在时，父母和公众不应该被愚弄，即父母被误导认为孩子的高分反映了他们卓越的能力。 6．What is a consequence of grade inflation? A．Employers favor students with higher degrees. B.Graduates fall short of employers' expectations. C.Remedial classes become required courses in college. D.Low-achieving students find it harder to enter college. B　解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Employers complain that high school and even college graduates lack basic skills needed in the workforce.”可知，成绩膨胀的后果是毕业生达不到雇主的期望。 7．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Tough graders desire job security. B．Strict grading promotes real learning. C.Student evaluations fuel intellectual growth. D．Easy-grading professors start grade inflation. B　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Yet a Brown University study found...with stricter grading standards learned more.”可知，布朗大学的一项研究发现，从评分标准更严格的教授那里上课的学生学到的东西更多。由此可推知，严格的评分能促进真正的学习。 8．What is the best title of the passage? A．The Game of Scores B．Today, Grade A is For Average C．The Force behind Grade Inflation D．Now, Learning Takes the Front Seat B　解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了成绩膨胀的现象，指出现在学生的成绩虚高，实际能力不足，很多学生和家长被高成绩所误导，给分宽松的现象普遍存在，而严格的评分能促进真正的学习。由此可知，B项适合作文章最佳标题。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2026·湖北重点中学高三联考)Once in a great while，the calendar presents a date that seems crafted for mathematical delight.One such day is September 16，2025，or as written in the U.S.format，9/16/25.1.________For math enthusiasts，it is an extraordinary occasion that celebrates a beautiful layering of mathematical ideas. This delight originates from a beautiful layering of mathematical ideas.The numbers 9，16，and 25 are all perfect squares，being 32，42，and 52 respectively.2.________This is because 3，4，and 5 form a Pythagorean triple (毕达哥拉斯三元数组)，perfectly illustrating the Pythagorean theorem：32＋42＝52. 3．________It is the only date in this century when the month，day，and two-digit year are perfect squares from a successive Pythagorean triple.This remarkable uniqueness has not gone unnoticed by the mathematical community. Mathematician Colin Adams，for instance，had proposed the name “Pythagorean Triple Square Day” for this occasion.He even suggested a fitting celebration：cutting a rectangular cake along the diagonal (对角线) to create two right-angled triangles.4.________ The appeal of that date，however，extended beyond clever numerology (数字命理学).5.________For educators，it was a perfect teaching moment；for enthusiasts，a shared joy；and for the public，an accessible glimpse into the elegance of mathematics. When we look back，9/16/25 remains a memorable instance of the hidden poetry in everyday numbers that structure our lives. A．Square Root Day is also celebrated by some. B．They also share a special mathematical relationship. C．The excitement around it is firmly rooted in its numbers. D．Consequently，it has sparked ideas for unique celebrations. E．It serves as a bridge connecting various minds to mathematics. F．This unique combination of properties makes the date a true rarity (罕见). G．Such an activity would visually honor the geometry behind the numbers. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。2025年9月16日的美式写法为9/16/25，它们罕见地完美呈现了32＋42＝52的数字关系。 1．C　解析：上文提到了2025年9月16日的美式写法为9/16/25，下文则讲到了对于数学爱好者而言，这是一个非凡的时刻，彰显了数学思想层层递进的美妙，因此空处应讲到这个日期的美式写法有什么值得关注的地方，C项符合语境。 2．B　解析：上文提到数字9、16和25均为完全平方数，分别是32、42和52，空处应继续讲述上文中提到的32、42和52之间的联系，B项承上启下，符合语境。 3．F　解析：下文讲到了这种非凡的独特性引起了数学界的关注。所以空处应该也与这个日期的独特性有关，F项符合语境。 4．G　解析：上文提到科林·亚当提出了一个合适的庆祝方式：沿着对角线切一个矩形蛋糕，形成两个直角三角形。G项符合语境，且G项中的Such an activity指代上文中的庆祝方式。 5．E　解析：根据上下文可知，空处应讲这个日期除了数字命理学外的影响。E项承上启下，符合语境。E项中的It指的是上文中的“that date”。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2026·汕头三模)Every year, my high school's Chinese club sponsors an event to celebrate Chinese New Year called “China Night”. During the evening, we show__1__ Chinese culture with various booths(摊位) featuring activities like Chinese yoyo, calligraphy, and chess. There is also a finale with __2__ that include dragon dances, songs, and classical Chinese instruments. For this year's event, I played the cello (大提琴) in a string quartet (弦乐四重奏). We __3__ famous scores (配乐) from Chinese cinema such as Raise the Red Lantern and To Live. Quartets remind me of Chinese dragon dances. Each player is __4__ in the quartet just as each dancer contributes to the dance performance. The whole could not __5__ without individual effort. Performing gave me a great sense of __6__： Not only was I playing music from my culture, but I was __7__ it with others. During one particular break, I told my friends to meet me at one of the __8__ booths. My friends are quite __9__， with ethnicities (种族渊源) from Germany, Russia and India. I was excited to see my friends __10__ some traditional Chinese foods, although I __11__ how they might react. As they tasted the mooncake, their facial expressions changed from caution to __12__. They really enjoyed tasting Chinese foods, perhaps more than any other __13__ during the evening. This gave me a deep sense of pride in my culture. Through attending China Night, I was surprised to see how enthusiastically my community __14__ Chinese culture and how everyone was so __15__ to trying new things. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者就读的高中的中文社团每年都会赞助一个庆祝中国新年的活动。 1．A.modern　　 B．famous C．traditional D．initial C　解析：根据下文“Chinese yoyo, calligraphy, and chess”可知，这些都是中国传统(traditional)文化。 2．A.arts B．exhibitions C．fairs D．performances D　解析：根据下文“include dragon dances, songs, and classical Chinese instruments”可知，这些都是表演(performance)。 3．A.played B．enjoyed C．read D．practised A　解析：根据上文“For this year's event, I played the cello in a string quartet.”和下文“famous scores from Chinese cinema”可知，他们演奏(play)了中国电影的著名配乐。 4．A.skilled B．important C．eager D．positive B　解析：根据下文“just as each dancer contributes to the dance performance”可知，每个演奏者都很重要(important)。 5．A.move B．exist C．combine D．break B　解析：根据下文“without individual effort”可推知，没有个人的努力，整体就不可能存在(exist)。 6．A.pride B．humour C．security D．responsibility A　解析：根据下文“Not only was I playing music from my culture, but I was ______ it with others.”可知，表演给了作者一种巨大的自豪感(pride)。 7．A.discussing B．replacing C．appreciating D．sharing D　解析：根据语境及下文with others可知，此处指作者与其他人分享(share)音乐。 8．A.food B．phone C．ticket D．book A　解析：根据下文“some traditional Chinese foods”可知，作者让朋友们在一个食品(food)摊位等他。 9．A.strange B．friendly C．shy D．different D　解析：根据下文“with ethnicities from Germany, Russia and India”可知，作者的朋友们来自不同的(different)地方。 10．A.sell B．try C．bring D．cook B　解析：根据下文“some traditional Chinese foods”和“As they tasted the mooncake”可知，看到朋友们尝试(try)一些中国传统食物，作者很兴奋。 11．A.predicted B．argued C．worried D．imagined C　解析：根据上文“I was excited...Chinese foods”以及此处的although可知，作者很兴奋，但是也担心(worry)他们的反应。 12．A.seriousness B．satisfaction C．calmness D．puzzlement B　解析：根据下文“They really enjoyed tasting Chinese foods”可知，他们的表情从谨慎变成了满意(satisfaction)。 13．A.change B．difficulty C．achievement D．experience D　解析：根据上文提到的晚上有各种各样的中国传统文化活动可知，此处表示活动的体验(experience)。 14．A.abandoned B．considered C．accepted D．discriminated C　解析：根据上文how enthusiastically可知，作者惊讶地发现自己所在的社区对中国文化的接受(accept)是如此热情。 15．A.open B．free C．easy D．careful A　解析：根据下文“to trying new things”可知，每个人都是如此开放(open)地尝试新事物。 Ⅳ.语法填空 (2026·湖南沅澧共同体考前模拟) At an event ahead of World Book Day, students enjoy speeches from writers and experts at BFSU, Beijing Foreign Studies University on Monday.The reading dialogue “The Power of Reading” was held in BFSU on Monday 1.____________(raise) the awareness of reading among the public. The event, 2.____________ (organize) by China Daily and BFSU, invited distinguished guests from different areas to share growth experiences and life wisdom. Throughout its history, China 3.____________ (give) priority to reading, valuing the pursuit of knowledge and advocating among scholars the Confucian ideal of self-cultivation, 4.____________ (harmony) governance and peace. Through this reading dialogue, “we hope to inspire young students' passion 5.____________ learning and encourage them to become talents with 6.____________ global perspective”， says Qu Yingpu, publisher and editor-in-chief of China Daily. In his sharing, Qu recalls his youth when 7.____________ (read) classics. As an adult, he draws 8.____________ (greedy) spiritual nutrition from poetry and fiction.Qu encourages the university students to read foreign 9.____________ (work) in their original languages as a good way to cross cultural barriers, better understand different cultures and learn mutually from each other. This event starts the strategic cooperation between China Daily and Beijing Foreign Studies University, 10.____________ aims to promote talent cultivation at university with media's practical strengths. 【解题导语】　本文是一篇新闻报道。在世界读书日来临前，《中国日报》和北京外国语大学联合举办“阅读的力量”活动，旨在提高公众阅读意识，鼓励学生学习。 1．to raise　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语；结合句意可知，此处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。 2．organized　解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语；根据句意可知，organize与逻辑主语The event之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。 3．has given　解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语；根据时间状语“Throughout its history”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时；主语China是专有名词，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。 4．harmonious　解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词governance，作定语，应用形容词形式。 5．for　解析：考查介词。passion for是固定搭配，意为“对……的热情”。 6．a　解析：考查冠词。perspective是可数名词单数，此处表泛指，表示“一种全球视野”，且global的发音以辅音音素开头，空处应用不定冠词a。 7．reading　解析：考查状语从句的省略。分析句子结构可知，此处为状语从句的省略形式，完整形式为“when he was reading classics”，状语从句中可省略be动词以及跟主句相同的主语，空处应用现在分词形式。 8．greedily　解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词draws，作状语，应用副词形式。 9．works　解析：考查名词复数。work在此处意为“著作、作品”，为可数名词；根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，应用名词复数形式。 10．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the strategic cooperation，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 A篇 [高频词]dynamic adj.(事物) 有活力的；动态的　meet up with (sb.) 与(某人)会面　occupation n．职业　economically adv.经济地，在经济上　nationally adv.全国性地　drop out 辍学　relevance n．相关性　hardship n．艰难，困苦　in bad shape状况不佳　fall into place明朗化，变得清晰　specifically adv.特意，专门地；明确地　[障碍词]disadvantaged adj.条件差的，弱势的　[熟词生义]pair (常用义) n．一对，一双　(文章义) v．使成对，配对 B篇 [高频词]inspiration n．灵感　give way to让步，被……取代　discourage v．使人沮丧，使灰心　do away with 废除，取消　consistently adv.一致地，始终　argue for赞成，支持　[障碍词]old-fashioned adj.陈旧的，过时的　excellence n．优秀，杰出　intellectual adj.智力的，脑力的　[熟词生义]arm (常用义) n．胳膊 (文章义) v．装备　grade (常用义) n．年级 (文章义) v．给……评分 完形 填空 [障碍词]sponsor v．赞助(活动、节目等)　finale n．(演出的)终场，结局　facial adj.面部的　enthusiastically adv.热情地；热心地 语法 填空 [高频词]raise the awareness of 提高……的意识　distinguished adj.卓越的，杰出的；著名的　give priority to优先考虑　sharing n．分享　nutrition n．营养　original adj.原作的　[障碍词]self-cultivation n．自我修养　governance n．统治；管理　spiritual adj.精神的　strategic adj.策略的 长难句分析 [A篇]Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined. [分析]　本句为主从复合句。句中that引导定语从句，修饰先行词 experiences，从句中“they have...imagined” 为省略引导词的定语从句，修饰先行词 a world。 [译文]　Spark项目的学徒计划提供了职场体验，让经济状况不佳的青少年接触到一个他们可能只想象过的世界。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $