Unit 5 Education（重难词汇精练）英语北师大版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦Education主题词汇，构建从基础词形转换到语境综合应用的递进训练体系，强化语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词性转换|30组|考查词形变化（名/动/形/副）|从词根拓展词族，建立构词逻辑| |核心短语|20个|固定搭配补全|衔接词汇与句式，强化语境应用| |重点单词|25个|词义理解与记忆|聚焦主题核心词汇，夯实基础| |单句语法填空|30题|语法与词汇结合应用|从单句层面巩固词法句法| |单词拼写|15题|语境中词汇拼写|强化词汇记忆与语境辨识| |完成句子|10题|中英互译与句式结构|提升句子层面语言表达能力| |语篇语法填空|2篇|语篇中词汇语法综合应用|从单句到语篇，实现能力迁移| |应用文写作|1题|情境写作（AI写作现象）|语言能力与思维品质结合，体现文化意识|

Unit 5 Education重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1.except prep.除了……之外→ n.例外→ adj.例外的；特别的；杰出的 → adv.极其，非常 2.severe adj.很严重的→ adv.很严重地 3.restrict vt.限制；约束→ n.限制，规定，约束→ adj.受限的 4.bear vt.忍受→ adj.承受得住的；可忍受的→ adj.难以忍受的；承受不住的 5.tend vi.&vt.趋向；易于；照料；照管→ n.倾向 6.technique n.技巧，手法→ adj.技术的；专业的；工艺的 7.initial adj.开始的；最初的→ adv.起初 8.excite vt.使兴奋；使激动；刺激→ adj.令人兴奋的；使人激动的 → adj.感到兴奋的；激动的→ n.兴奋，激动 9.imitate vt.仿效；模仿→ n.模仿，仿效 10.gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→ adv.逐渐地；逐步地 11.pain n.痛苦；疼痛→ adj.令人痛苦的→ adv.痛苦地；苦恼地 12.enthusiasm n.热情；热心→ adj.热心的，热衷的 13.expand vi.&vt.(使)扩大；增加→ n.膨胀；扩展；扩充 14.gentle adj.温和的；轻柔的→ adv.轻柔地；温和地；平缓地 15.puzzle vt.使困惑，使迷惑→ adj.令人迷惑的→ adj.困惑的；迷惑的 16.apparent adj.显而易见的；明白的→ adv.显然地 17.disappoint vt.使失望→ adj.令人失望的→ adj.失望的；沮丧的 → n.失望；沮丧 18.vivid adj.生动的，逼真的→ adv.生动地；强烈地 19.significance n.重要性，意义→ adj.重要的；有意义的；意味深长的；显著的 20.promote vt.促进，增进→ n.提升；促进；晋升；促销 21.consistence n.一致性；连贯性→ adj.一贯的，一致的 → adv.一致地；始终如一地 22.sympathy__n.同情，同情心→ adj.同情的；共鸣的；赞同的 23.analyse__vt.分析，剖析→ n.分析；解析 24.philosophy n.哲学→ n.哲学家 25.educate vt.教育；教导，指导→ n.教育→ n.教育工作者 26.evaluate vt.评估，评价→ n.估价；评价 27.critical adj.批评的；批判的→ adv.危急地；严重地 → adj.不批评的；不加批评的→ adv.无鉴别力地；不加批评地 28.acquire vt.获得；取得→ n.获得，习得 29.contribute vi.&vt.奉献，捐献→ n.贡献；捐献 30.finance n.金融；财政→ adj.金融的；财政的 题型二、核心短语 1. 有……的倾向 2. 涉及，有关；理解，认同 3. 举起；阻挡；拦截 4. 打开；开发；开始；展示 5. 既然；由于 6. 渴望做某事 7. 热衷于，对……充满热情 8. 指向；表明 9. 不停地做某事 10. 继续工作；从事于……；致力于…… 11. 在……的帮助下 12. 一瞬间；立刻 13. 出现；出版；结果是 14. 大量的；很多的 15. 与……一致 16. 满足某人的需要 17. 传递；继续 18. 人类 19. 不久前某一天；几天前 20. 试一试 题型三、重点单词 1.enlighten vt. 2.troublesome adj. 3.stubborn adj. 4.superb adj. 5.eyesight n. 6.relate vi. 7.straightforward adj. 8.doll n. 9.stream n. 10.liquid n. 11.precious adj. 12.grasp vt. 13.vocabulary n. 14.complex adj. 15.violet n. 16.ray n. 17.abstract adj. 18.concept n. 19.breakthrough n. 20.necklace n. 21.forehead n. 22.facilitate vt. 23.cultivate vt. 24.insist vi. 25.objective n. 题型四、单句语法填空 1．Online classes (conduct) every day when the school was closed. 2．The young hero’s story touches global (viewer), and using AI to tell classic Chinese stories helps the world better understand Chinese history and values. 3．Together, they are regarded as one of the most successful pairs in (ski) history, winning numerous honors and encouraging many young skiers. 4．We should pursue (origin) in writing to make our articles unique and attractive. 5．Thankfully, most of the bacteria on your body and in your home are (harm). 6．Hence it might face a possibility of (disappear) due to serious soil and water loss. 7．They were trying to overcome what I felt was one of (scary) disabilities — blindness. 8．The key is to develop a balanced and (vary) program that’s fun as well as progressive. 9．The (distant) countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one’s sitting room. 10．Most of the people all over the world were angry at the (shock) violence. 11．The widespread and serious (dry) in 2024 has had a great effect on crop yields. 12．In the end, Buddy’s (brave) reminded everyone that even the smallest creatures can make a big difference when it comes to saving lives. 13．It proved that true connection comes from (sincere), and we truly grow up by bravely stepping out of comfort zones to care for someone else. 14．We tried our best to make the old people happy and the room was full of (cheer) chatting and laughing. 15．During the Ming Dynasty, there lived a famous (explore) named Xu Xiake in Jiangnan. 16．By waking up even just fifteen minutes earlier, you’ll give yourself a bit (much) time to prepare yourself for the day ahead. 17．How we feel about ourselves rests not just on whom we compare ourselves with but also on how we think about that (compare). 18．Its English name “DeepSeek” implies exploring the unknown through deep learning technology, aiming to enable machines (think) and learn like humans. 19．This process allows us to establish connections between people, (object), images and ideas that have something in common. 20．Today, Surbeck is an associate professor at Harvard University, having spent a lot of time (observe) wild chimpanzees. 21．A tsunami is a series of large ocean waves caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic (erupt), or landslides. 22．It is hard to imagine the pain and (suffer) they went through during the winter months. 23．This is the new library we can borrow all kinds of books. 24．Kevin told me the reason he bought a house by the lake. 25．She still remembers the day Bill first walked into her office. 26．The factory my father works produces various daily necessities. 27．This is the small village my grandparents have lived for many years. 28．Julie grew up in a key middle school in her city, her parents both taught Chinese. 29．The hotel we stayed last summer is highly recommended by the local people. 30．I’ll never forget the wonderful days we worked in the countryside. 题型五、单词拼写 31．Last week, after three days of heavy rain, the rising water __________ (淹没) the lower areas in the quiet village. 32．A nearsighted person usually cannot see _________ (远处的) things clearly without glasses. 33．Thanks to the great mother, the small boy ________ (幸存) the terrible earthquake last month. 34．It is the __________(保护) for trees that really matters, rather than how many trees are planted. 35．I felt very ________ (好奇的), so I put my head round the door. 36．All men are created ___________.(平等的) 37．It is believed that the Chinese army would come to their__________ (营救)soon. 38．The environmental expert gave a(n) ________ (讲座) on current climate change. 39．Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a __________ (令人愉快的) mood... 40．The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling __________ (过程) was nice. 41．Once in a__________ (讲座), the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. 42．They put their heart and ___________ (灵魂) into the project. 43．We thought the project was easy, but finally it ________ (证明) to be very difficult. 44．________ (诚信) builds trust in all relationships. 45．Many residents choose to walk to the shops ____________ (附近的) rather than drive there. 题型六、完成句子 46．遵守法律是每个人的责任。 ________________________ to obey the law. 47．Together, these deep human urges count for _________________. 总地说来，这些人类的强烈欲望比野心更重要的多。 48．我和外国人交流有困难。 I ________ ________ ________ communicating with foreigners. 49．First of all, I will have a warm family ________________  and care about each other. 首先，我会有一个温暖的家庭，在那里，成员们会彼此相爱，互相关心。 50．她越鼓励儿子，儿子进步越快。 ________________ she encouraged her son, ________________ he improved. 51．这个男人中等身材，灰褐色头发，长着一张过目即忘的脸。 The man ____________________, with mousy hair and a forgettable face. 52．然后会有某所大学的讲座，这对我们熟悉该专业有很大的帮助。 Then ______________________________, and that can help us to get familiar with the majors. 53．微笑以及合适的手势会给演讲带来生机。 Smiles and proper gestures can _________ _________ _________ a lecture. 54．With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness ________ ________ ________. 与真正的朋友，我们可以毫无顾忌、毫无保留地分享我们的欢乐和悲伤。 55．有些友谊因缺乏沟通破裂了。 Some friendships __________ __________ because there was not enough communication. 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·辽宁·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, numerous senior-two students 1 (trap) in intense academic pressure, and psychological anxiety has ranked among the most typical 2 (challenge) on high-school campuses. High academic goals and parents’ high expectations tend to make 3 (they) emotionally fragile and easily discouraged. A large number of teenagers lack effective strategies 4 (regulate) their negative moods when facing setbacks. When overwhelming stress strikes, some students tend to keep it to themselves, because they are afraid of being laughed at. In fact, burying negative feelings will only make mental tension worse. Communicating with reliable peers or professional advisors 5 (serve) as a practical approach to easing inner anxiety. Additionally, doing regular physical exercises can refresh your body 6 stabilize your nervous system. If you suffer from persistent stress, you are supposed to take 7 intentional break from tight study schedules. Immersing yourself in soft melodies will make you feel 8 (peaceful) than usual. Furthermore, cultivating a positive mindset is 9 vital significance. Those 10 master the art of emotional self-control are more likely to maintain mental well-being and achieve academic breakthroughs. Never give up, and you will gradually regain inner balance and confidence. （25-26高二上·安徽六安·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The College Board said that more than 2.2 million students 1 (take) the college entrance test SAT last year. That is the 2 (large) group ever and an increase of four percent from the previous year. The average score, however, dropped a little, from 1,068 to 1,059. The SAT is a test that many American colleges require as part of the admissions process. It is a multiple-choice test, 3 means students must decide which answer is the best from several 4 (provide) for each question. Higher scores can make the difference between 5 (admit) into the top colleges and universities, and how much financial aid a student may receive. Research shows that students who have greater access to college entrance exams like the SAT and ACT 6 (be) more likely to apply to colleges. This is particularly true for low-income students. 7 (traditional), students have to register and pay for the tests, then travel to testing centers on a weekend to take them. For people without the resources of a computer, credit card or car, 8 can be difficult. Some states now give college entrance exams like the ACT and SAT for free, 9 a school day during school hours. Most four-year universities and colleges require foreign students 10 (sit) an admission test such as the SAT or ACT. Each university lists the admission requirements on their website. 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二下·辽宁沈阳·期末）假定你是李华，针对近期部分学生依赖AI完成英文写作任务的现象，外教Mr. Smith拟发布一条规定：禁用AI写作，请给Mr. Smith写封邮件，内容包括： （1）你对此规定的看法； （2）结合自身经历说明理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Education重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1.except prep.除了……之外→exception n.例外→exceptional adj.例外的；特别的；杰出的→exceptionally adv.极其，非常 2.severe adj.很严重的→severely adv.很严重地 3.restrict vt.限制；约束→restriction n.限制，规定，约束→restricted adj.受限的 4.bear vt.忍受→bearable adj.承受得住的；可忍受的→unbearable adj.难以忍受的；承受不住的 5.tend vi.&vt.趋向；易于；照料；照管→tendency n.倾向 6.technique n.技巧，手法→technical adj.技术的；专业的；工艺的 7.initial adj.开始的；最初的→initially adv.起初 8.excite vt.使兴奋；使激动；刺激→exciting adj.令人兴奋的；使人激动的→excited adj.感到兴奋的；激动的→excitement n.兴奋，激动 9.imitate vt.仿效；模仿→imitation n.模仿，仿效 10.gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地 11.pain n.痛苦；疼痛→painful adj.令人痛苦的→painfully adv.痛苦地；苦恼地 12.enthusiasm n.热情；热心→enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的 13.expand vi.&vt.(使)扩大；增加→expansion n.膨胀；扩展；扩充 14.gentle adj.温和的；轻柔的→gently adv.轻柔地；温和地；平缓地 15.puzzle vt.使困惑，使迷惑→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的→puzzled adj.困惑的；迷惑的 16.apparent adj.显而易见的；明白的→apparently adv.显然地 17.disappoint vt.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointment n.失望；沮丧 18.vivid adj.生动的，逼真的→vividly adv.生动地；强烈地 19.significance n.重要性，意义→significant adj.重要的；有意义的；意味深长的；显著的 20.promote vt.促进，增进→promotion n.提升；促进；晋升；促销 21.consistence n.一致性；连贯性→consistent adj.一贯的，一致的→consistently adv.一致地；始终如一地 22.sympathy__n.同情，同情心→sympathetic adj.同情的；共鸣的；赞同的 23.analyse__vt.分析，剖析→analysis n.分析；解析 24.philosophy n.哲学→philosopher n.哲学家 25.educate vt.教育；教导，指导→education n.教育→educator n.教育工作者 26.evaluate vt.评估，评价→evaluation n.估价；评价 27.critical adj.批评的；批判的→critically adv.危急地；严重地→uncritical adj.不批评的；不加批评的→uncritically adv.无鉴别力地；不加批评地 28.acquire vt.获得；取得→acquisition n.获得，习得 29.contribute vi.&vt.奉献，捐献→contribution n.贡献；捐献 30.finance n.金融；财政→financial adj.金融的；财政的 题型二、核心短语 1.have a tendency to　 有……的倾向 2.relate to 涉及，有关；理解，认同 3.hold up 举起；阻挡；拦截 4.open up 打开；开发；开始；展示 5.now that 既然；由于 6.be eager to do sth 渴望做某事 7.be enthusiastic about 热衷于，对……充满热情 8.point to 指向；表明 9.keep on doing sth 不停地做某事 10.work on 继续工作；从事于……；致力于…… 11.with the help of 在……的帮助下 12.in a flash 一瞬间；立刻 13.come out 出现；出版；结果是 14.a good deal of　　 大量的；很多的 15.be consistent with 与……一致 16.meet sb’s needs 满足某人的需要 17.pass on 传递；继续 18.fellow man 人类 19.the other day 不久前某一天；几天前 20.give it a try 试一试 题型三、重点单词 1.enlighten vt.　 启迪；指导，教导 2.troublesome adj. 引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的 3.stubborn adj. 固执的，执拗的；倔强的 4.superb adj. 极好的，卓越的 5.eyesight n. 视力 6.relate vi. 理解；相联系 7.straightforward adj. 简单的，易懂的；诚实的，坦率的 8.doll n. 玩偶 9.stream n. 水流 10.liquid n. 液体 11.precious adj. 宝贵的 12.grasp vt. 理解，领会 13.vocabulary n. 词汇量 14.complex adj. 复杂的；难以理解的 15.violet n. 紫罗兰 16.ray n. (太阳或月亮的)光线 17.abstract adj. 抽象的 18.concept n. 概念；想法 19.breakthrough n. 突破；重大进展 20.necklace n. 项链 21.forehead n. 额，前额 22.facilitate vt. 促进，增进 23.cultivate vt. 培养，养成(技能、态度或素质) 24.insist vi. 坚称；坚持主张 25.objective n. 目的，目标adj. 客观的 题型四、单句语法填空 1．Online classes (conduct) every day when the school was closed. 【答案】were conducted 【详解】句意：学校停课期间，线上课程每日开展。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语从句的谓语动词was closed可知，此处使用一般过去时态，Online classes与conduct构成被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为were conducted。 2．The young hero’s story touches global (viewer), and using AI to tell classic Chinese stories helps the world better understand Chinese history and values. 【答案】viewers 【详解】句意：这位少年英雄的故事打动了全球观众，借助人工智能讲述中国经典故事有助于世界更好了解中国历史与价值观。空处作宾语，viewer“观众”是可数名词，全球的观众不止一个，应用复数形式viewers。 3．Together, they are regarded as one of the most successful pairs in (ski) history, winning numerous honors and encouraging many young skiers. 【答案】skiing 【详解】句意：他们一起被认为是滑雪历史上最成功的组合之一，赢得了无数荣誉并激励了许多年轻滑雪者。动词“ski”意为“滑雪”，此处需要名词形式表示“滑雪运动”。“skiing”是名词，表示“滑雪(运动)”，修饰“history”表示“滑雪历史”。 4．We should pursue (origin) in writing to make our articles unique and attractive. 【答案】originality 【详解】句意：我们应该在写作中追求原创性，使我们的文章独特且有吸引力。动词“pursue”后需接名词作宾语。所给词“origin”意为“起源”，但根据句意“unique and attractive”可知，此处需要表示“原创性”的词。“originality”意为“独创性、新颖”，符合语境。 5．Thankfully, most of the bacteria on your body and in your home are (harm). 【答案】harmless 【详解】句意：幸运的是，你身体上和家里的大多数细菌是无害的。根据“Thankfully”可知，此处表示“无害的”，应用形容词“harmless”作表语。 6．Hence it might face a possibility of (disappear) due to serious soil and water loss. 【答案】disappearance/disappearing 【详解】句意：因此，由于严重的水土流失，它可能面临消失的可能性。介词“of”后需接名词或动名词作宾语。“disappear”的名词形式为“disappearance”，动名词形式为“disappearing”。“disappearance”更正式、常用，“disappearing”则强调动作过程。 7．They were trying to overcome what I felt was one of (scary) disabilities — blindness. 【答案】the scariest 【详解】句意：他们试图克服我认为是最可怕的残疾之一——失明。“one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数”是固定结构，表示“最……之一”。所给词“scary”的最高级为“scariest”，且最高级前需加定冠词“the”。 8．The key is to develop a balanced and (vary) program that’s fun as well as progressive. 【答案】varied 【详解】句意：关键在于制定一个既有趣又能循序渐进、平衡且多样化的计划。连词“and”连接两个并列的形容词作定语，修饰名词“program”。动词“vary”的形容词形式“varied”意为“多变的、多样化的”，强调内容有变化，符合语境。“various”虽也是形容词，表示“各种各样的”，但更侧重种类不同，与单数形式的“program”不符。 9．The (distant) countries and the strangest customs are brought right into one’s sitting room. 【答案】most distant 【详解】句意：最遥远的国家和最奇特的风俗被直接带入人们的客厅。根据下文“the strangest customs”使用了最高级形式，并列结构要求“countries”前面的形容词也使用最高级，以保持结构平行。“distant”的最高级为“most distant”。 10．Most of the people all over the world were angry at the (shock) violence. 【答案】shocking 【详解】考查形容词。句意：全世界大多数人都对这场令人震惊的暴力事件感到愤怒。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，shocking，表“令人震惊的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填shocking。 11．The widespread and serious (dry) in 2024 has had a great effect on crop yields. 【答案】drought 【详解】考查名词。句意：2024年广泛而严重的旱灾对农作物产量产生了很大影响。提示词作主语，用名词drought，表示“干旱，旱灾”，不可数名词。故填drought。 12．In the end, Buddy’s (brave) reminded everyone that even the smallest creatures can make a big difference when it comes to saving lives. 【答案】bravery 【详解】句意：最终，巴迪的勇敢之举让所有人意识到，即便是最微小的生物，在拯救生命这件事上也能发挥出巨大的作用。作主语，用名词bravery。 13．It proved that true connection comes from (sincere), and we truly grow up by bravely stepping out of comfort zones to care for someone else. 【答案】sincerity 【详解】句意：事实证明，真正的联结源于真诚，而我们也通过勇敢地走出舒适区去关爱他人而真正成长。介词“from”后需接名词作宾语。“sincere”为形容词，其名词形式为“sincerity”，不可数，意为“真诚、诚挚”。 14．We tried our best to make the old people happy and the room was full of (cheer) chatting and laughing. 【答案】cheerful 【详解】句意：我们尽力让老人们开心，房间里充满了愉快的聊天和笑声。空格处需要填一个形容词，修饰后面的动名词短语“chatting and laughing”。“cheer”的形容词形式为“cheerful”，意为“愉快的、快乐的”。 15．During the Ming Dynasty, there lived a famous (explore) named Xu Xiake in Jiangnan. 【答案】explorer 【详解】句意：在明朝，江南地区住着一位名叫徐霞客的著名探险家。提示词作倒装句中主语，表示“探险家”，用名词explorer，特指徐霞客，用单数形式。 16．By waking up even just fifteen minutes earlier, you’ll give yourself a bit (much) time to prepare yourself for the day ahead. 【答案】more 【详解】句意：哪怕只是提前十五分钟醒来，你也能给自己多一点时间来为接下来的一天做好准备。分析句子可知，a bit 后接形容词/副词比较级，much的比较级为more；a bit more time“多一点时间”，符合语境。 17．How we feel about ourselves rests not just on whom we compare ourselves with but also on how we think about that (compare). 【答案】comparison 【详解】句意：我们对自己感觉如何，并不仅仅取决于我们与谁进行比较，还取决于我们如何看待这种比较。空前 that为限定词，后接名词；动词compare变为名词comparison“比较，对比”作宾语。 18．Its English name “DeepSeek” implies exploring the unknown through deep learning technology, aiming to enable machines (think) and learn like humans. 【答案】to think 【详解】句意：其英文名DeepSeek寓意着通过深度学习技术来探索未知领域，旨在让机器能够像人类一样思考和学习。此处为短语enable sth. to do sth.表示“使能够做某事”。 19．This process allows us to establish connections between people, (object), images and ideas that have something in common. 【答案】objects 【详解】句意：这个过程让我们能够在有共同点的人、物体、图像和观点之间建立联系。可数名词object作宾语，意为“物体”，结合句意和句中people, images和ideas可知，这里并列的多个名词都表示泛指，需要用复数形式。 20．Today, Surbeck is an associate professor at Harvard University, having spent a lot of time (observe) wild chimpanzees. 【答案】observing 【详解】句意：如今苏贝克是哈佛大学的副教授，他花费了大量时间观察野生黑猩猩。此处为固定搭配spend time doing sth，意为“花时间做某事”，所以此处使用observe的动名词形式observing，意为“观察”。 21．A tsunami is a series of large ocean waves caused by underwater earthquakes, volcanic (erupt), or landslides. 【答案】eruptions 【详解】句意：海啸是由海底地震、火山爆发或山体滑坡引发的一系列大型海浪。此处形容词volcanic后接名词，动词erupt变为名词eruption，意为“爆发”，为可数名词，空前无限定词，所以此处用复数形式eruptions表泛指。 22．It is hard to imagine the pain and (suffer) they went through during the winter months. 【答案】suffering 【详解】考查名词。句意：很难想象他们冬季月份所经历的痛苦。空处与pain并列作宾语，应填入名词suffering作宾语，含义为“痛苦”。故填suffering。 23．This is the new library we can borrow all kinds of books. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我们能借阅各类书籍的新图书馆。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the new library，表示地点，在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 24．Kevin told me the reason he bought a house by the lake. 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：凯文告诉了我他在湖边买房子的原因。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，关系词将其代入从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导该定语从句。故填why。 25．She still remembers the day Bill first walked into her office. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她仍然记得比尔第一次走进她办公室的那一天。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词the day，关系词指代先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，此从句需用关系副词when引导。故填when。 26．The factory my father works produces various daily necessities. 【答案】where 【详解】句意：我父亲工作的这家工厂生产各类日常生活用品。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词the factory，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。 27．This is the small village my grandparents have lived for many years. 【答案】where 【详解】句意：这就是我的祖父母居住多年的小村庄。空处引导定语从句，先行词the small village表地点，从句缺少地点状语，lived为不及物动词，所以用where。 28．Julie grew up in a key middle school in her city, her parents both taught Chinese. 【答案】where 【详解】句意：朱莉在本市一所重点中学长大，她的父母都在那所学校教语文。此处引导非限制性定语从句，从句主谓宾完整不缺主宾，先行词为school，表地点，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。 29．The hotel we stayed last summer is highly recommended by the local people. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们去年夏天住过的那家旅馆是当地人极力推荐的。空处引导定语从句，先行词是hotel，关系词在从句中作地点状语，使用关系副词where引导，故填where。 30．I’ll never forget the wonderful days we worked in the countryside. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我们在农村工作的美好日子。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词days指的是时间，在从句中作时间状语，所以此处使用关系副词when。故填when。 题型五、单词拼写 31．Last week, after three days of heavy rain, the rising water __________ (淹没) the lower areas in the quiet village. 【答案】flooded 【详解】句意：上周，经过三天的暴雨，不断上涨的水淹没了这个宁静村庄的低洼地区”。“淹没”为flood，再根据时态Last week（上周，一般过去时）可知，这里应填flood（淹没）的过去式flooded。 32．A nearsighted person usually cannot see _________ (远处的) things clearly without glasses. 【答案】distant 【详解】句意：近视的人不戴眼镜通常看不清远处的东西。Things为名词，需用形容词修饰，故填distant“远处的”作定语。 33．Thanks to the great mother, the small boy ________ (幸存) the terrible earthquake last month. 【答案】survived 【详解】句意：多亏了这位伟大的母亲，这个小男孩在上个月的可怕地震中幸免于难。空处作句子谓语动词，表示“幸存”用动词survive。根据时间状语last month可知用一般过去时。 34．It is the __________(保护) for trees that really matters, rather than how many trees are planted. 【答案】protection 【详解】考查名词。句意：重要的是保护树木，而不是种了多少树。名词protection意为“保护”，该词在句中做主语，所以要填名词protection。 35．I felt very ________ (好奇的), so I put my head round the door. 【答案】curious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我感觉非常好奇，于是我把耳朵贴在门上。“好奇的”为形容词curious，在句中和系动词feel构成系表结构，描述主语的情况。故填curious。 36．All men are created ___________.(平等的) 【答案】equal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：所有人生来平等。形容词equal意为“平等的”，该词在句中充当主语补足语，对主语all men补充说明。所以要填形容词equal。 37．It is believed that the Chinese army would come to their__________ (营救)soon. 【答案】rescue 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们相信中国军队很快就会来营救他们。come to one’s rescue“营救某人”为固定短语。故填rescue. 38．The environmental expert gave a(n) ________ (讲座) on current climate change. 【答案】lecture 【详解】句意：这位环境专家就当前气候变化发表了一场讲座。根据汉语提示“讲座”及不定冠词a可知，本空用名词单数lecture，作宾语。 39．Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a __________ (令人愉快的) mood... 【答案】cheerful 【详解】句意：凯瑟琳总是面带灿烂的笑容，这总让我心情愉快……空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词mood，“令人愉快的”是cheerful。 40．The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling __________ (过程) was nice. 【答案】process 【详解】句意：他们演示微塑料如何在煮沸过程中被截留，这个方式很不错。空处需填名词作宾语，process表示“过程”，此处特指 “煮沸的过程”，用单数即可。 41．Once in a__________ (讲座), the professor tried repeating my name after me over and over in front of thirty classmates. 【答案】lecture 【详解】句意：有一次在讲座上，教授试图跟着我一遍又一遍地重复我的名字，面对三十名同学。根据汉语提示可知用名词lecture，作宾语，冠词a提示用其单数形式。 42．They put their heart and ___________ (灵魂) into the project. 【答案】soul 【详解】句意：他们全身心投入了这个项目。根据汉语提示，表示“灵魂”应用英语名词soul，此处构成固定短语heart and soul,意为“全心全意”，their heart and soul在句中作put的宾语。 43．We thought the project was easy, but finally it ________ (证明) to be very difficult. 【答案】proved 【详解】句意：我们原以为这个项目很简单，但最后证明它非常难。“证明”是prove，由thought和was可知，时态是一般过去时，且prove在这里是个系动词，应用主动形式。 44．________ (诚信) builds trust in all relationships. 【答案】Honesty 【详解】句意：诚信在所有人际关系中建立信任。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“诚信”用不可数名词honesty，在句中作主语，且句首时首字母大写，符合语境。 45．Many residents choose to walk to the shops ____________ (附近的) rather than drive there. 【答案】nearby 【详解】句意：许多居民选择步行去附近的商店，而不是开车去那里。“附近的”修饰名词the shops，用形容词nearby作后置定语。 题型六、完成句子 46．遵守法律是每个人的责任。 ________________________ to obey the law. 【答案】It is everyone’s duty 【详解】表示“做某事是每个人的责任”句型为It is everyone’s duty to do sth.。 47．Together, these deep human urges count for _________________. 总地说来，这些人类的强烈欲望比野心更重要的多。 【答案】much more than ambition 【详解】“比野心更重要的多”英文可表示为count for much more than ambition，count for已给出，空上填much more than ambition。 48．我和外国人交流有困难。 I ________ ________ ________ communicating with foreigners. 【答案】 have difficulty in 【详解】根据汉语提示空处需要补全“有困难”，英文中常用固定短语have difficulty in (doing)表示，描述客观事实应用一般现在时态，主语为I， 谓语动词用动词原形。 49．First of all, I will have a warm family ________________  and care about each other. 首先，我会有一个温暖的家庭，在那里，成员们会彼此相爱，互相关心。 【答案】where the members will love each other 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意和中文提示可知，这里需要补充一个定语从句修饰先行词family。“在那里”对应关系副词where，在从句中作地点状语；“成员们”译为the members，“彼此相爱” 译为love each other。结合语境，从句与主句时态保持一致用一般将来时。故填where the members will love each other。 50．她越鼓励儿子，儿子进步越快。 ________________ she encouraged her son, ________________ he improved. 【答案】 The more the faster 【详解】考查固定句型。“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”表示“越……，就越……”。前半部分The more she encouraged her son中more是副词much的比较级，修饰动词encouraged。后半部分the faster he improved中faster是副词fast的比较级，修饰动词improved。通过此结构体现“鼓励越多，进步越快”的逻辑关系。句首字母大写，故填The more；the faster。 51．这个男人中等身材，灰褐色头发，长着一张过目即忘的脸。 The man ____________________, with mousy hair and a forgettable face. 【答案】was of average figure 【详解】考查时态和短语。根据中英文提示，空处缺少谓语部分“中等身材”，译为be of average figure，be of+n.是固定短语，表示“具有什么性质”，average figure表示“中等身材”，根据句意，句子可用一般过去时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was of average figure。 52．然后会有某所大学的讲座，这对我们熟悉该专业有很大的帮助。 Then ______________________________, and that can help us to get familiar with the majors. 【答案】there will be a lecture from a certain university 【详解】考查时态和固定句型。表示“有”应用there be句型，根据所给中文句子可知，空处应用一般将来时，即there will be。表示“某所大学”应用名词短语a certain university；表示“讲座”应用名词短语a lecture；表示“某所大学的讲座”应用短语a lecture from a certain university。故答案为there will be a lecture from a certain university。 53．微笑以及合适的手势会给演讲带来生机。 Smiles and proper gestures can _________ _________ _________ a lecture. 【答案】 breathe life into 【详解】考查动词短语。空处表示“给……带来生机”，使用动词短语breathe life into，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填①breathe②life③into。 54．With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness ________ ________ ________. 与真正的朋友，我们可以毫无顾忌、毫无保留地分享我们的欢乐和悲伤。 【答案】 in full measure 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为固定短语in full measure“毫无保留地，充分地”，满足句意要求。故分别填in；full；measure。 55．有些友谊因缺乏沟通破裂了。 Some friendships __________ __________ because there was not enough communication. 【答案】 broke down 【详解】考查固定短语、时态。表示“（关系）破裂”用固定短语break down，根据空后的was可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填broke down。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·辽宁·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, numerous senior-two students 1 (trap) in intense academic pressure, and psychological anxiety has ranked among the most typical 2 (challenge) on high-school campuses. High academic goals and parents’ high expectations tend to make 3 (they) emotionally fragile and easily discouraged. A large number of teenagers lack effective strategies 4 (regulate) their negative moods when facing setbacks. When overwhelming stress strikes, some students tend to keep it to themselves, because they are afraid of being laughed at. In fact, burying negative feelings will only make mental tension worse. Communicating with reliable peers or professional advisors 5 (serve) as a practical approach to easing inner anxiety. Additionally, doing regular physical exercises can refresh your body 6 stabilize your nervous system. If you suffer from persistent stress, you are supposed to take 7 intentional break from tight study schedules. Immersing yourself in soft melodies will make you feel 8 (peaceful) than usual. Furthermore, cultivating a positive mindset is 9 vital significance. Those 10 master the art of emotional self-control are more likely to maintain mental well-being and achieve academic breakthroughs. Never give up, and you will gradually regain inner balance and confidence. 【答案】 1．are trapped 2．challenges 3．them 4．to regulate 5．serves 6．and 7．an 8．more peaceful 9．of 10．who 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了高二学生普遍深陷学业与心理焦虑，文中给出倾诉、运动、听歌等调节方法，强调学会情绪自控利于身心健康与学业进步。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：如今，许多高二学生深陷巨大的学业压力之中，心理焦虑已成为高中校园中最常见的挑战之一。固定搭配be trapped in 表示“陷入……（困境）”；主语students为复数，结合句首Nowadays可知用一般现在时，因此填一般现在时的被动形式are trapped。 2．考查名词复数形式。句意：如今，许多高二学生深陷巨大的学业压力之中，心理焦虑已成为高中校园中最常见的挑战之一。among表示“在……之中”，后接可数名词复数，指 “众多典型挑战之一”；challenge为可数名词，故变为复数challenges。 3．考查代词。句意：高昂的学业目标和家长的过高期望往往使他们情绪脆弱，容易感到沮丧。空格处在动词make后作宾语，需用人称代词宾格形式；they的宾格为them，指代学生们。 4．考查动词不定式。句意：许多青少年在遭遇挫折时，缺乏有效调节负面情绪的方法。名词 strategies后常用不定式作后置定语，构成strategies to do sth“做某事的策略”。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：与值得信赖的同学或专业辅导员交流，是一种缓解内心焦虑的有效方式。句子主语是动名词短语 Communicating with...，动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数；全文为一般现在时，故serve变为第三人称单数 serves。 6．考查连词。句意：此外，坚持规律的身体锻炼有助于焕发活力，稳定神经系统。空格前后的refresh your body和stabilize your nervous system是情态动词can后的两个并列动作，是顺承并列关系，因此用并列连词and。 7．考查冠词。句意：如果你长期承受压力，应当有意识地从紧张的学习计划中抽身休息。此处为固定搭配take a break意为“休息一下”；intentional以元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an。 8．考查形容词比较级。句意：沉浸在柔和的音乐中，会让你感觉比平时更加平静。空格后有比较级标志词than，表示“比平时更平静”，多音节形容词peaceful的比较级形式为more peaceful。 9．考查固定短语。句意：此外，培养积极的心态是至关重要的。be of + 抽象名词= be + 该名词对应的形容词，be of vital significance = be vitally significant，意为“至关重要的”，因此填介词of。 10．考查定语从句。句意：那些掌握情绪自我控制的人，更有可能保持心理健康并取得学业上的突破。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 Those（指代人），关系词在从句中作主语，当先行词为those且指人时，关系代词习惯用who。 （25-26高二上·安徽六安·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The College Board said that more than 2.2 million students 1 (take) the college entrance test SAT last year. That is the 2 (large) group ever and an increase of four percent from the previous year. The average score, however, dropped a little, from 1,068 to 1,059. The SAT is a test that many American colleges require as part of the admissions process. It is a multiple-choice test, 3 means students must decide which answer is the best from several 4 (provide) for each question. Higher scores can make the difference between 5 (admit) into the top colleges and universities, and how much financial aid a student may receive. Research shows that students who have greater access to college entrance exams like the SAT and ACT 6 (be) more likely to apply to colleges. This is particularly true for low-income students. 7 (traditional), students have to register and pay for the tests, then travel to testing centers on a weekend to take them. For people without the resources of a computer, credit card or car, 8 can be difficult. Some states now give college entrance exams like the ACT and SAT for free, 9 a school day during school hours. Most four-year universities and colleges require foreign students 10 (sit) an admission test such as the SAT or ACT. Each university lists the admission requirements on their website. 【答案】 1．took 2．largest 3．which 4．provided 5．being admitted 6．are 7．Traditionally 8．it 9．on 10．to sit 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了被称为“美国高考”的SAT考试。 1．考查动词时态。句意：大学理事会表示，去年有超过220万名学生参加了大学入学考试SAT。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语last year可知，句子描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填took。 2．考查形容词最高级。句意：这是有史以来人数最多的一届，比上一年增加了4%。根据空后ever可知，此处表示有史以来人数最多的一届，应用形容词最高级。故填largest。 3．考查定语从句。句意：这是一项多项选择题测试，这意味着学生必须从为每个问题提供的几个答案中决定哪个答案是最好的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a multiple-choice test，且关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。several在这里是代词，指代若干个选项。空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词several，provide和several为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填provided。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：更高的分数可以决定是否被顶尖的学院和大学录取，以及学生可能获得多少经济援助。between为介词，其后需接动名词作宾语，且此处表示被录取，应用动名词的被动式。故填being admitted。 6．考查主谓一致。句意：研究表明，那些有更多机会参加像SAT和ACT这样的大学入学考试的学生更有可能申请大学。宾语从句为主系表结构。主语为students，复数，be动词需用复数形式，结合主句谓语动词shows可知，从句也应用一般现在时态。故填are。 7．考查副词。句意：传统上，学生必须注册并支付考试费用，然后在周末前往考试中心参加考试。空处需用副词作状语修饰整个句子，traditionally为副词，表示“传统上”。首字母大写。故填Traditionally。 8．考查代词。句意：对于没有电脑、信用卡或汽车资源的人来说，这可能会很困难。这里需用代词it指代上文提到的to take them，也就是“参加考试”这件事。故填it。 9．考查介词。句意：一些州现在免费提供像ACT和SAT这样的大学入学考试，考试时间安排在上学日的上课时间。根据空后“a school day during school hours”可知，此处表示在上学日的上课时间，应用介词on表示。表示具体日期。故填on。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：大多数四年制大学和学院要求外国学生参加像SAT或ACT这样的入学考试。require sb. to do sth.为固定用法，表示“要求某人做某事”，空处需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to sit。 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二下·辽宁沈阳·期末）假定你是李华，针对近期部分学生依赖AI完成英文写作任务的现象，外教Mr. Smith拟发布一条规定：禁用AI写作，请给Mr. Smith写封邮件，内容包括： （1）你对此规定的看法； （2）结合自身经历说明理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, I’m writing to express my support for your proposed rule of banning AI in English writing tasks. Personally, I am strongly in favor of this decision. While AI tools can generate essays quickly, relying on them hinders our language learning. Take my experience as an example. I once used AI to complete a writing assignment. Although I got a good grade, I found myself struggling to express ideas independently in the following exam. It was then that I realized true writing skills can only be acquired through independent practice. Therefore, your rule will definitely encourage us to improve our writing abilities genuinely. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给Mr. Smith写封邮件，说明你对“禁止用AI写作”这个规定的看法以及结合自身经历说明理由。 1.词汇积累 依赖：rely on → count on 获得：acquire → obtain 赞同：be in favor of → subscribe to 意识到：realize → be aware of 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Although I got a good grade, I found myself struggling to express ideas independently in the following exam. 拓展句：Good as my grade was, I found myself struggling to express ideas independently in the following exam. 【点睛】【高分句型1】While AI tools can generate essays quickly, relying on them hinders our language learning.（运用了while引导让步状语从句） 【高分句型2】It was then that I realized true writing skills can only be acquired through independent practice.（运用了强调句） 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $