Unit 5 First Aid（重难词汇精练）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 聚焦“First Aid”主题词汇，构建“基础-语境”双层训练体系，实现词汇从形式掌握到语篇应用的递进式突破，提升语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|6题型（词性转换10题、核心短语8题等）|侧重词汇基本形式（转换/搭配）与单句应用（语法填空/拼写）|从词形变化（如minor→minority）到固定搭配（如mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing），构建“词-句”基础认知链| |词汇语境练|2题型（语篇语法填空2篇、应用文写作1题）|强调语篇中词汇综合运用与主题表达|依托急救场景语篇（如烧伤处理、海姆立克急救法），实现“句-篇”应用迁移，强化词汇在真实语境中的准确表达|

Unit 5 First Aid重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1．minor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的→ n．少数；少数民族 2．electric adj.电的；用电的；电动的→ adj.与电有关的→ n．电；电学 3．urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→ vt.力劝；敦促；强烈要求 n．强烈的愿望 4．operator n．电话接线员；操作员→ vt.操作；运转；动手术→ n．运转；手术 5．bleeding n．流血；失血→ vi.(bled，bled)流血；失血→ n．血液；血 6．interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断→ n．打扰 7．practical adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的→ n．练习；实践；惯例 → adv.几乎；差不多；实际上 8．tightly adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→ adj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地→ vt.(使)变紧；(使)加紧 9．justify vt.证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由→ n．正义；公正 10．foggy adj.有雾的→ n．雾 题型二、核心短语 1．sense of touch 2．electric shock 3．help sb.to one’s fee 4．vital sign 5．face up/down 6．sleep in 7．out of shape 8．mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing 题型三、重点单词 1. ________________ 　 n. 技能; 技术; 技艺 2. ________________ adj. 较小的; 次要的; 轻微的 3. ________________ n. 受害者; 患者 4. ________________ n. 神经 5. ________________ adj. 松的; 未系紧的; 宽松的 6. ________________ vt. &vi. 吞下; 咽下 7. ________________ vt. 包、裹; (用手臂等)围住 8. ________________ vi. 滑倒; 滑落; 溜走 n. 滑倒; 小错误; 纸条 9. ________________ vi. &vt. 推迟; 延期(做某事) vt. 耽误; 耽搁 n. 延误; 耽搁(的时间); 推迟 10. ________________ vi. &vt. (使) 淹死; 溺死; 浸泡; 淹没 11. ________________ vi. &vt. (使) 惊慌 n. 惊慌; 惊恐 12. ________________ vi. &vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊; 大声叫 n. 尖叫; 尖锐刺耳的声音 13. ________________ vi. &vt. (使) 窒息; (使)哽咽 14. ________________ vt. 抓住; 攫取 n. 抓取; 抢夺 15. ________________ vi. (突然) 倒塌; (因病等)昏倒 题型四、单句语法填空 1．I look forward to (receive) your reply as soon as possible. 2．Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing (minor) of academics who are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 3．Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from (interrupt). 4．Mother hugged them (tight) and kissed them again and again. 5．It is (urge) that the patient be sent to the hospital at once, or his condition will get worse and worse. 6．She enjoys (listen) to classical music in her free time. 7．The scientist developed one model for (simulated) a full year of the globe’s climate. 8．Everything that is worth doing is worthy of (do) well. 9．She does some voluntary work, caring for the (elder). 10．Suspected of (involve) in the recent string of thefts, he was called in by the police for questioning. 11．Protecting this unique heritage is crucial for (maintain) the province’s identity and passing it on to future generations. 12．After (persuade) to change her mind about the proposal, she agreed to present it during the next meeting. 13．First, we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from (expose) to the cold and radiation. 14．Although we had a narrow escape, fortunately escaping (hurt) by the hungry polar bear, we still panted with extreme fright. 15．The teacher paid attention to (improve) students’ listening skills. 16．So far clothes and blankets have been distributed to the earthquake (victim) by appointment. 17．In addition to (practice) skills, Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 18．A group of children (panic) when they realized that they got lost in the woods. 19．Imagine (jog) along the same path every morning, repeating the same movement day after day and having no one to talk to. 20．After (graduate) from high school, the girl was eager to be offered a good job. 题型五、单词拼写 21．Sometimes _______ （放弃）what you cannot get can make you feel relaxed. 22．It is important to feel at ________(放松) with your therapist. 23．You look tired— you should take a ________________ (假期) . 24．You never get a second chance to make a first ________________ (印象). 25．All students have free ________________ (接近， 通路) to the library. 26．One appropriate project would be a project to develop ___________(电的） cars. 27．The artist combines different ________ (技术) in the same painting. 28．Her ankle was already starting to ___________（肿胀）because of a heavy fall. 29．Under his generous guidance, I spent about an hour __________ (润色) my article. 30．Some celebrities (名人) would do some work for charity with the purpose of __________ (增强) their reputation. 题型六、完成句子 31．和他争论没有意义。对于这个问题，他从不听取别人的意见。 ______ ______ ______ ______ _______ _______ _______ _______ about this problem — he never listens to others’ opinions. 32．新经理未能成功接管新公司。 The new manager failed in _____________________ the new company. 33．Nurses spend most of their working hours ________ ________ patients’ needs, from checking vital signs to helping with daily care. 护士的大部分工作时间都在照料病人的需求，从监测生命体征到协助日常护理。 34．它在与他人交流中起着重大的作用。 It plays a great role in ________ ________ ________. 35．我有点担心在高级课程里跟不上其他同学。 I’m a bit worried about ________ ________ ________ the other students in my advanced course. 36．青少年应避免沉迷手机游戏，因为这可能会影响他们的学习和视力。 Teenagers should avoid ________ ________ ________mobile games, as it may affect their study and eyesight. 37．到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。 After ________ ________ ________ you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. 38．She is considering _________ _________ _________ the debate club to improve her speaking skills. 她正在考虑报名参加辩论俱乐部以提高她的口语技能。 39．在接下来的三天里，您可以在当地导游的陪同下，深入雨林进行探索，欣赏雨林特有的动植物。 You can then spend three days ________ the rainforest with a local guide and ________ the plants and animals ________ ________ the rainforest. 40．I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to ___________  ___________  ___________ a lot more. 我知道作为高中生我得更加努力地学习，学会承担更多的责任。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·陕西宝鸡·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The skin, which acts as a barrier against disease, toxins and the sun’s rays, is 1 essential part of your body and is its largest organ. So if your skin gets 2 (burn), it can be very serious. The causes of burns can be a 3 (vary) of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids and so on. 4 (depend) on the depth of skin damage, they are called first, second or third-degree burns. First-degree burns affect only the top few millimeters of the skin and it turns white 5 pressed. Second-degree burns go below the top layer of the skin, including burns 6 (cause) by hot liquids. Third-degree burns affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue underneath it, 7 causes little or no pain if nerves 8 (damage). We should do some first aid if burns happen. If the burns are slight, place burns under cool running water, which can stop the burning process and reduce the pain and swelling 9 (effective). If necessary, remove any clothes using scissors unless the fabric sticks to the burnt skin. If the victim is suffering badly, there is an urgent need 10 (take) him/her to the hospital at once. （25-26高二上·山西长治·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Seeing a fellow diner in the restaurant choking, Chen Wei rushed over 1 (offer) some help. By doing the Heimlich manoeuvre, the food was 2 (immediate) forced out and the victim began to breathe again. The Heimlich manoeuvre, 3 was created by an American doctor, Henry Heimlich in 1974, has saved many people’s lives since its invention because it is quick, 4 (practice) and easy to perform. You can do as follows. First, stand behind the victim and wrap your 5 (arm) around his waist. Then make 6 fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of the victim’s stomach. Next, grab 7 (you) fist with your other hand tightly and push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until the obstruction 8 (force) out. In spite of its advantages, 9 (do) the Heimlich manoeuvre on a child is not recommended, for you may hurt him. Instead, you can lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body and then slap him 10 the upper back slightly until he is all right. 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二下·福建南平·期末）假定你是李华，你校英文报正在开展以“First Aid Matters”为题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： （1）一次急救经历； （2）你的感受。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 First Aid Matters ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 First Aid重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、词性转换 1 二、核心短语 1 三、重点单词 2 四、单句语法填空 2 五、单词拼写 6 六、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、应用文写作 11 题型一、词性转换 1．minor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的→minority n．少数；少数民族 2．electric adj.电的；用电的；电动的→electrical adj.与电有关的→electricity n．电；电学 3．urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→urge vt.力劝；敦促；强烈要求 n．强烈的愿望 4．operator n．电话接线员；操作员→operate vt.操作；运转；动手术→operation n．运转；手术 5．bleeding n．流血；失血→bleed vi.(bled，bled)流血；失血→blood n．血液；血 6．interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰 vt.使暂停；使中断→interruption n．打扰 7．practical adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的→practice n．练习；实践；惯例→practically adv.几乎；差不多；实际上 8．tightly adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→tight adj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地→tighten vt.(使)变紧；(使)加紧 9．justify vt.证明……有道理；为……辩护；是……的正当理由→justice n．正义；公正 10．foggy adj.有雾的→fog n．雾 题型二、核心短语 1．sense of touch触觉 2．electric shock触电；电击 3．help sb.to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来 4．vital sign生命体征 5．face up/down面朝上(朝下) 6．sleep in迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉 7．out of shape健康状况不好 8．mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing口对口人工呼吸 题型三、重点单词 1. technique 　 n. 技能; 技术; 技艺 2. minor adj. 较小的; 次要的; 轻微的 3. victim n. 受害者; 患者 4. nerve n. 神经 5. loose adj. 松的; 未系紧的; 宽松的 6. swallow vt. &vi. 吞下; 咽下 7. wrap vt. 包、裹; (用手臂等)围住 8. slip vi. 滑倒; 滑落; 溜走 n. 滑倒; 小错误; 纸条 9. delay vi. &vt. 推迟; 延期(做某事) vt. 耽误; 耽搁 n. 延误; 耽搁(的时间); 推迟 10. drown vi. &vt. (使) 淹死; 溺死; 浸泡; 淹没 11. panic vi. &vt. (使) 惊慌 n. 惊慌; 惊恐 12. scream vi. &vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊; 大声叫 n. 尖叫; 尖锐刺耳的声音 13. choke vi. &vt. (使) 窒息; (使)哽咽 14. grab vt. 抓住; 攫取 n. 抓取; 抢夺 15. collapse vi. (突然) 倒塌; (因病等)昏倒 题型四、单句语法填空 1．I look forward to (receive) your reply as soon as possible. 【答案】receiving 【详解】句意：我期待尽快收到你的回复。look forward to doing sth.是固定短语，意为“期待做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词receiving，作宾语。 2．Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing (minor) of academics who are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 【答案】minority 【详解】考查名词。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚理工学院教授金·科布是由于气候变化而减少航空旅行的少数学者之一，人数虽少，但人数在不断增加。minority of ....少数......，为固定搭配。作宾语。故填minority。 3．Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from (interrupt). 【答案】interruptions 【详解】考查名词。句意：事实上，研究人员发现，面对面的互动和对话会影响创作过程，然而，共同工作空间或咖啡店在提供一定程度的噪音的同时，也提供了免受干扰的自由。名词interruption作宾语，泛指多种干扰，用复数形式interruptions作宾语。故填interruptions。 4．Mother hugged them (tight) and kissed them again and again. 【答案】tightly 【详解】考查副词。句意：妈妈紧紧地拥抱他们，并一次又一次地亲吻他们。修饰动词 “hugged”，因此应使用提示词的副词形式 “tightly”作状语。故填 tightly。 5．It is (urge) that the patient be sent to the hospital at once, or his condition will get worse and worse. 【答案】urgent 【详解】句意：当务之急是立刻把病人送往医院，否则他的病情会愈发恶化。设空处作表语需用形容词，urge转化为形容词urgent意为“紧急的”，作表语。 6．She enjoys (listen) to classical music in her free time. 【答案】listening 【详解】考查动名词。句意：她喜欢在空闲时间听古典音乐。listen为动词，表示“听”，动词短语enjoy doing sth表示“喜欢做某事”，故应用动名词形式，作宾语。故填 listening。 7．The scientist developed one model for (simulated) a full year of the globe’s climate. 【答案】simulating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位科学家开发了一个模型，用于模拟全球一整年的气候。介词“for”后接动词时，需用其动名词形式作宾语；simulated是动词simulate(模拟的过去式/过去分词，其动名词形式为simulating。故填simulating。 8．Everything that is worth doing is worthy of (do) well. 【答案】being done 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：凡是值得去做的事情，都值得把它做好。be worthy of being done值得做。故填being done。 9．She does some voluntary work, caring for the (elder). 【答案】elderly 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她做一些志愿工作，照顾老年人。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处考查“the + 形容词”表示一类人。the elderly“老人；上了年纪的人”是固定搭配；the elder (后面不紧跟名词，指两者中的) 年长者。故填elderly。 10．Suspected of (involve) in the recent string of thefts, he was called in by the police for questioning. 【答案】being involved 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：因涉嫌参与近期的一系列盗窃案，他被警方传唤问话。表示“参与”用短语be involved in，作介词of的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填being involved。 11．Protecting this unique heritage is crucial for (maintain) the province’s identity and passing it on to future generations. 【答案】maintaining 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：保护这一独特的遗产对于保持该省的身份并将其传承给子孙后代至关重要。for为介词，后面接动名词形式作宾语，maintain的动名词形式为maintaining。故填maintaining。 12．After (persuade) to change her mind about the proposal, she agreed to present it during the next meeting. 【答案】being persuaded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在被说服改变对该提案的想法后，她同意在下次会议上呈现它。介词“after”后需接动名词作宾语；主语“she”与“persuade”之间是被动关系即“她被他人说服”，需用动名词的被动形式being persuaded。故填being persuaded。 13．First, we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from (expose) to the cold and radiation. 【答案】exposure/being exposed 【详解】考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：首先，我们穿上宇航服，它能让我们在太空中呼吸，并保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的侵害。protect sb. from (doing) sth.是固定短语，意为“保护某人免受……”，本空用名词exposure“暴露”或动名词形式作宾语。expose“使暴露，使接触”与us之间是被动关系，用动名词的被动形式being exposed。故填exposure或being exposed。 14．Although we had a narrow escape, fortunately escaping (hurt) by the hungry polar bear, we still panted with extreme fright. 【答案】being hurt 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管我们侥幸逃脱了，但幸运的是我们没有被饥饿的北极熊咬伤，但我们仍因极度惊恐而气喘吁吁。此处为短语escape doing sth.，且hurt与we为被动关系，应用being done形式。故填being hurt。 15．The teacher paid attention to (improve) students’ listening skills. 【答案】improving 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位老师注重提高学生的听力水平。句中pay attention to doing sth为固定短语，后接动名词作宾语。故填improving。 16．So far clothes and blankets have been distributed to the earthquake (victim) by appointment. 【答案】victims 【详解】考查名词复数形式。句意：到目前为止，衣服和毯子已按约定分发给地震灾民。“victim”是可数名词，意为“受害者”。地震的受害者通常不止一人，此处需用复数形式“victims”表示泛指。故填victims。 17．In addition to (practice) skills, Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. 【答案】practical 【详解】考查形容词作定语。句意：除了实用的技能外，普鲁特的课程还教授团队合作、鼓励自我价值并促进社区归属感。根据句子结构可知，空格位于介词短语“In addition to...”中，且后接名词“skills”，此处需用形容词“practical”作定语修饰“skills”，构成“practical skills(实用技能)”的合理搭配。故填practical。 18．A group of children (panic) when they realized that they got lost in the woods. 【答案】panicked 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当一群孩子们意识到他们在森林中迷路时，他们恐慌起来。设空处使用动词作谓语，根据后文的realized可知，此处应该使用一般过去时态。动词panic的一般过去时形式是panicked。故填panicked。 19．Imagine (jog) along the same path every morning, repeating the same movement day after day and having no one to talk to. 【答案】jogging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：想象一下，每天早上沿着同一条小路慢跑，日复一日地重复同样的动作，没有人可以说话。imagine doing为固定短语，意为“想象做某事”，空处应用jog“慢跑”的动名词形式，和后面的repeating及having并列，作imagine的宾语。故填jogging。 20．After (graduate) from high school, the girl was eager to be offered a good job. 【答案】graduation/graduating 【详解】考查名词和动名词。句意：高中毕业后，这个女孩渴望得到一份好工作。分析句子可知，空前“after” 为介词，后接名词或动名词，故“graduation”（名词）和“graduating”（动名词）均符合语法。故填graduation/graduating。 题型五、单词拼写 21．Sometimes _______ （放弃）what you cannot get can make you feel relaxed. 【答案】quitting 【详解】句意：有时候，放弃你得不到的东西会让你感到放松。分析句子结构可知，此处的是动名词短语做主语，再结合句意可知，quit是动词，意为“放弃”，故填quitting。 22．It is important to feel at ________(放松) with your therapist. 【答案】ease 【详解】句意：和你的治疗师在一起感到放松是很重要的。at ease放松，该短语是固定短语，所以填ease。 23．You look tired— you should take a ________________ (假期) . 【答案】vacation 【详解】考查名词。句意：你看起来很疲惫——你应当去度假。take a vacation“去度假”。故填vacation。 24．You never get a second chance to make a first ________________ (印象). 【答案】impression 【详解】考查名词。形容词修饰名词，由冠词a可推断，用单数，make a first impression“留下第一印象” 。故填impression。 25．All students have free ________________ (接近， 通路) to the library. 【答案】access 【详解】考查名词。句意：所用的学生都可以免费使用图书馆。have access to“可以使用”。故填access。 26．One appropriate project would be a project to develop ___________(电的） cars. 【答案】electric 【详解】electric 考查形容词。句意：一个合适的项目是研发电动汽车的项目。电动的，为形容词electric。 27．The artist combines different ________ (技术) in the same painting. 【答案】techniques 【详解】考查名词单复数。句意：在同一副油画里，这位艺术家结合了不同的技术。形容词different的后面可以接可数名词复数，所以要填复数形式techniques。 28．Her ankle was already starting to ___________（肿胀）because of a heavy fall. 【答案】swell 【详解】考查动词。句意：由于重重地摔了一跤，她的脚踝已经肿了起来。根据start to do可知空处应填动词原形，故填swell。 29．Under his generous guidance, I spent about an hour __________ (润色) my article. 【答案】polishing 【详解】句意：在他的慷慨指导下，我花了大约一个小时润色我的文章。根据汉语提示“润色”可知，用动词polish，spend time (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“花费时间做某事”，空处应用动名词形式作宾语。 30．Some celebrities (名人) would do some work for charity with the purpose of __________ (增强) their reputation. 【答案】enhancing 【详解】句意：一些名人会做一些慈善工作，目的是提升他们的声誉。此处需要使用动名词形式作介词of后的宾语，即with the purpose of + 动名词，“提高”对应的英文单词是enhance。 题型六、完成句子 31．和他争论没有意义。对于这个问题，他从不听取别人的意见。 ______ ______ ______ ______ _______ _______ _______ _______ about this problem — he never listens to others’ opinions. 【答案】 There is no point in arguing with him 【详解】考查固定句型和动词时态。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“……是没有意义的”应用固定句型There is no point in doing...，表示“和……争论”应用argue with sb，此处使用动名词形式作宾语；表示“他”应用him。故填①There；②is；③no；④point；⑤in；⑥arguing；⑦with；⑧him。 32．新经理未能成功接管新公司。 The new manager failed in _____________________ the new company. 【答案】 taking control of 【详解】考查固定短语与非谓语动词。中英文句子对比可知，空处需构成“接管”的固定表达，对应的短语为take control of。①处 “take”前有介词in，in后接动名词形式，故填taking；②处填名词control；③处填介词of。故填①taking；②control；③of。 33．Nurses spend most of their working hours ________ ________ patients’ needs, from checking vital signs to helping with daily care. 护士的大部分工作时间都在照料病人的需求，从监测生命体征到协助日常护理。 【答案】 attending to 【详解】考查固定短语及动名词。attend to有“照料，处理”之意，这里“spend + 时间 + (in) doing sth.”是固定结构，表示“花费时间做某事”，所以用“attending to” 。故填attending to 。 34．它在与他人交流中起着重大的作用。 It plays a great role in ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 communicating with others 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“与……交流”为communicate with，作介词in的宾语，应用动名词形式；表示“他人”应用others。故填communicating with others。 35．我有点担心在高级课程里跟不上其他同学。 I’m a bit worried about ________ ________ ________ the other students in my advanced course. 【答案】 keeping up with 【详解】考查短语。根据句意，句中“跟上”用短语keep up with。介词about后接动名词形式。故填keeping up with。 36．青少年应避免沉迷手机游戏，因为这可能会影响他们的学习和视力。 Teenagers should avoid ________ ________ ________mobile games, as it may affect their study and eyesight. 【答案】 being addicted to 【详解】考查固定短语及非谓语动词。“沉迷于”表达为be addicted to 。avoid意为“避免”，其后接动名词作宾语，所以be要变为being 。故填being addicted to。 37．到达目的地之后，您将有一天的时间来探索这座令人叹为观止的古城。 After ________ ________ ________ you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city. 【答案】 reaching your destination 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示，表示“到达某人的目的地”用reach one’s destination，设空处置于after介词之后，故使用动名词作宾语。故填reaching your destination。 38．She is considering _________ _________ _________ the debate club to improve her speaking skills. 她正在考虑报名参加辩论俱乐部以提高她的口语技能。 【答案】 signing up for 【详解】考查短语和非谓语动词。表示“报名参加”用动词短语sign up for，consider doing sth.“考虑做某事”是固定搭配，因此sign应用动名词形式。故填signing；up；for。 39．在接下来的三天里，您可以在当地导游的陪同下，深入雨林进行探索，欣赏雨林特有的动植物。 You can then spend three days ________ the rainforest with a local guide and ________ the plants and animals ________ ________ the rainforest. 【答案】 exploring enjoy unique to 【详解】考查动名词和形容词短语。由句意及空前的spend three days可知，第一空表示“探索”应用动词explore，固定搭配spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，应用动词ing形式；第二空表示“欣赏”，应用动词enjoy，根据and可知，接在情态动词can后，应用动词原形；第三和第四空表示“对……来说是独特的”，应用形容词短语be unique to...，此处应用形容词短语，作后置定语，应填unique to。故填①exploring；②enjoy；③unique，④to。 40．I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to ___________  ___________  ___________ a lot more. 我知道作为高中生我得更加努力地学习，学会承担更多的责任。 【答案】 being responsible for 【详解】考查固定短语及非谓语动词。根据句意，此处表示“承担……的责任”，对应的固定短语为“be responsible for”，句中“get used to”（习惯于）中的“to”为介词，后接名词或动名词形式，因此“be”需变为动名词“being”，符合短语搭配和语法要求。故填①being②responsible③for 。 题型一、语篇语法填空 （25-26高二下·陕西宝鸡·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The skin, which acts as a barrier against disease, toxins and the sun’s rays, is 1 essential part of your body and is its largest organ. So if your skin gets 2 (burn), it can be very serious. The causes of burns can be a 3 (vary) of things: hot liquids, steam, fire, radiation, the sun, electricity, acids and so on. 4 (depend) on the depth of skin damage, they are called first, second or third-degree burns. First-degree burns affect only the top few millimeters of the skin and it turns white 5 pressed. Second-degree burns go below the top layer of the skin, including burns 6 (cause) by hot liquids. Third-degree burns affect every layer of the skin, and sometimes the tissue underneath it, 7 causes little or no pain if nerves 8 (damage). We should do some first aid if burns happen. If the burns are slight, place burns under cool running water, which can stop the burning process and reduce the pain and swelling 9 (effective). If necessary, remove any clothes using scissors unless the fabric sticks to the burnt skin. If the victim is suffering badly, there is an urgent need 10 (take) him/her to the hospital at once. 【答案】 1．an 2．burnt/burned 3．variety 4．Depending 5．when/if 6．caused 7．which 8．are damaged 9．effectively 10．to take 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了皮肤的屏障功能及其重要性，说明了烧伤的各类成因、根据损伤深度划分的三个等级及其特征，并提供了针对不同程度烧伤的急救措施。 1．考查冠词。句意：皮肤作为抵御疾病、毒素和阳光的屏障，是身体一个必不可少的部分，也是人体最大的器官。空处表示泛指，意为“一个不可少的部分”，应用不定冠词，且essential的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，如果皮肤被烧伤，情况可能非常严重。burn“烧伤，烫伤”和your skin是被动关系，因此用其过去分词形式burnt或burned，get burned/burnt表示“被烧伤”。故填burnt/burned。 3．考查名词。句意：烧伤的原因多种多样：灼热的液体、蒸汽、火焰、辐射、阳光、电流、酸等。a variety of是固定搭配，意为“多种多样的”。故填variety。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据皮肤损伤的深度，烧伤分为一度、二度或三度。句子主干成分完整，空处是非谓语，depend on“取决于”和they逻辑上是主动关系，因此用depend的现在分词形式，作状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Depending。 5．考查连词。句意：一度烧伤仅影响皮肤表层几毫米，被按压时会变白/若被按压会变白。空后为状语从句的省略形式，省略了it is，“变白”和“按压”可理解为同时发生，空处可用从属连词when引导时间状语从句，表示“当被按压时”；“按压”也可理解为是“变白”发生的条件，空处可用从属连词if引导条件状语从句，表示“若被按压”。故填when/if。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：二度烧伤伤及皮肤表层以下，包括由灼热的液体引起的烧伤。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作burns的后置定语，cause“引起”和burns逻辑上是被动关系，因此用cause的过去分词形式。故填caused。 7．考查定语从句。句意：三度烧伤影响皮肤每一层，有时还包括皮下组织，如果神经受损，几乎或完全不会感到疼痛。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 8．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：三度烧伤影响皮肤每一层，有时还包括皮下组织，如果神经受损，几乎或完全不会感到疼痛。空处作if引导的条件状语从句的谓语，此处在描述科学事实，时态应用一般现在时，damage“损伤”和主语nerves之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are damaged。 9．考查副词。句意：如果烧伤轻微，将伤处置于流动的凉水下冲洗，这可以有效阻止烧伤过程并减轻疼痛和肿胀。空处修饰动词stop和reduce，副词effectively符合题意，意为“有效地”。故填effectively。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果伤者疼痛严重，就必须立即带他/她去医院救治。名词need后常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的需求”，因此用take的不定式形式。故填to take。 （25-26高二上·山西长治·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Seeing a fellow diner in the restaurant choking, Chen Wei rushed over 1 (offer) some help. By doing the Heimlich manoeuvre, the food was 2 (immediate) forced out and the victim began to breathe again. The Heimlich manoeuvre, 3 was created by an American doctor, Henry Heimlich in 1974, has saved many people’s lives since its invention because it is quick, 4 (practice) and easy to perform. You can do as follows. First, stand behind the victim and wrap your 5 (arm) around his waist. Then make 6 fist with one hand and place it in the upper part of the victim’s stomach. Next, grab 7 (you) fist with your other hand tightly and push up and into his stomach in one motion. Continue doing this until the obstruction 8 (force) out. In spite of its advantages, 9 (do) the Heimlich manoeuvre on a child is not recommended, for you may hurt him. Instead, you can lay the child face down on your lap with the head lower than the rest of his body and then slap him 10 the upper back slightly until he is all right. 【答案】 1．to offer 2．immediately 3．which 4．practical 5．arms 6．a 7．your 8．is forced 9．doing 10．on 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。陈伟用海姆立克急救法救下噎食食客，文中介绍该急救法的发明者、优势、操作方法，还说明对儿童需采用的不同急救方式。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：看到餐厅里一位食客噎住了，陈伟冲过去提供帮助。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to offer。 2．考查副词。句意：通过实施海姆立克急救法，食物立刻被排出，伤者恢复了呼吸。修饰动词forced，需用immediate的副词形式immediately，表“立刻”，符合语境。故填immediately。 3．考查定语从句。句意：海姆立克急救法由美国医生亨利・海姆立克于1974年发明，自问世以来拯救了许多人的生命，因为它快捷、实用且容易操作。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The Heimlich manoeuvre，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 4．考查形容词。句意：海姆立克急救法由美国医生亨利・海姆立克于194年发明，自问世以来拯救了许多人的生命，因为它快捷、实用且容易操作。这里与quick、easy 并列作表语，需用practice的形容词形式practical，表示“实用的”，符合语境。故填practical。 5．考查名词复数。句意：首先，站在伤者身后，用胳膊搂住他的腰。人的胳膊为两只，应用arm的复数形式arms作宾语。故填arms。 6．考查冠词。句意：然后用一只手握成拳头，放在伤者的上腹部。固定搭配make a fist，意为“握成拳头”。故填a。 7．考查代词。句意：接下来，用另一只手紧紧抓住你的拳头，一次性向上并向里按压伤者的腹部。修饰名词fist，需用you的形容词性物主代词your，表示“你的”。故填your。 8．考查时态和语态。句意：持续这样做，直到堵塞物被排出。此空考查谓语动词，主语the obstruction与force为被动关系，这里描述客观操作流程用一般现在时，主语为单数。故填is forced。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管有诸多优点，但不建议对儿童实施海姆立克急救法，因为可能会伤到孩子。分析句子结构可知，此处作主语，应用动名词形式。故填doing。 10．考查介词。句意：而是可以将孩子面朝下放在你的大腿上，让头部低于身体其他部位，然后轻轻拍打他的上背部，直到他恢复正常。这里考查固定搭配slap sb. on the + 身体部位，意为“拍打某人的某部位”。故填on。 题型二、应用文写作 （25-26高二下·福建南平·期末）假定你是李华，你校英文报正在开展以“First Aid Matters”为题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： （1）一次急救经历； （2）你的感受。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 First Aid Matters ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 First Aid Matters Last month, a classmate collapsed suddenly during a P.E. session, clutching his ankle in pain. While others panicked, I remembered the first-aid training I had received. I immediately elevated his leg and applied an ice pack to reduce the swelling before the school doctor arrived. What impressed me most was that timely action can prevent further injury. Had I hesitated, his condition might have worsened. This experience taught me that first aid is not just a skill but a responsibility. Learning it empowers us to protect lives when every second counts. 【导语】题目要求考生以李华名义投稿，通过一次急救经历阐明急救知识的重要性。 1.词汇积累 突然：suddenly→abruptly 减缓：reduce→relieve 及时的：timely→prompt 保护：prevent→shield 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last month, a classmate collapsed suddenly during a P.E. session, clutching his ankle in pain. 拓展句：Last month, during a P.E. session, I witnessed a classmate who collapsed suddenly and clutched his ankle in pain. 【点睛】【高分句型1】While others panicked, I remembered the first-aid training I had received. （运用了while引导的时间状语从句，that或which引导的限制性定语从句，that或which被省略） 【高分继续2】What impressed me most was that timely action can prevent further injury. (运用了what引导的主语从句) 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $