内容正文:
九年级上册英语复习讲义与大纲
· 全书复习总览
单元
主题
核心语法
核心能力
Unit 1
Teenagers today(当代青少年)
条件状语从句 & 原因状语从句
描述青少年品质与责任
Unit 2
On the money(金钱话题)
时间状语从句 & 让步状语从句
谈论理财与消费观
Unit 3
Past passing by(历史遗迹)
结果状语从句 & 目的状语从句
介绍文化遗产与考古发现
Unit 4
Heroes(英雄人物)
定语从句 — who 引导
描述英雄品质与事迹
Unit 5
A fine balance(生态平衡)
定语从句 — that / which 引导
讨论环境保护与可持续发展
Unit 6
Live green(绿色生活)
构词法(前缀 & 后缀)
倡导环保行动与绿色生活
Unit 1 Teenagers today(当代青少年)
一、核心词汇
名词(n.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
teenager
青少年
teenagers today 当代青少年
performer
表演者
a talented performer 有才华的表演者
performance
表演;演出
give a performance 进行演出
puppet
(牵线)木偶;手偶
puppet show 木偶戏
puppetry
木偶表演艺术
traditional puppetry 传统木偶艺术
creativity
创造力
show creativity 展示创造力
volunteer
志愿者
work as a volunteer 做志愿者
educator
教育家
a famous educator 著名教育家
youth
青年,年轻人
the youth of today 今天的年轻人
lady
女士
a young lady 一位年轻女士
gentleman
先生
a true gentleman 真正的绅士
viewer
观看者
attract viewers 吸引观众
动词(v.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
perform
表演,演出
perform well 表演出色
inspire
鼓舞,激励
inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
amaze
使大为惊奇
be amazed at 对……感到惊讶
形容词(adj.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
independent
独立的,自立的
be independent of 独立于
intelligent
聪明的,有智慧的
an intelligent student 聪明的学生
old-fashioned
老式的,过时的
old-fashioned ideas 过时的想法
hidden
隐藏的
hidden talent 隐藏的才能
连词(conj.)
单词
释义
用法
unless
除非
unless = if...not,引导条件状语从句
二、核心短语
短语
释义
例句
on the edge of one's seat
极为激动
The puppet show kept us on the edge of our seats.
take part in
参加(活动)
She took part in the volunteer activity.
folk arts
民间艺术
We should protect folk arts.
shoulder the responsibility
肩负责任
Teenagers should shoulder the responsibility.
hold on
坚持;别挂断
Hold on! Help is on the way.
be flooded with
被……涌满
The post was flooded with warm answers.
high school
高中
She studies in a high school.
三、语法要点:条件状语从句 & 原因状语从句
1. 条件状语从句(if / unless)
核心规则:主将从现
从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时
引导词
结构
例句
if
if + 从句(一般现在时),主句(一般将来时)
If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.
unless
unless = if...not
Unless you study hard, you won't pass. = If you don't study hard, you won't pass.
重点 :
unless 和 if...not 可以互换
条件从句中用一般现在时表将来(主将从现)
if 还可以表示"是否",此时不用主将从现
2. 原因状语从句(because / since / as)
引导词
语气
用法
例句
because
最强
表示直接原因,可回答 why
I stayed home because it was raining.
since
中等
表示已知原因,"既然"
Since everyone is here, let's begin.
as
较弱
表示明显原因,较口语化
As it's getting dark, let's go home.
易错点 :
because 不能与 so 连用(二选一)
because of + 名词/短语;because + 句子
though/although 不能与 but 连用
Unit 2 On the money(金钱话题)
一、核心词汇
名词(n.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
budget
预算
make a budget 制定预算
price
价格
at a high/low price 以高/低价
value
价值
good value for money 物有所值
wealth
财富
Health is more important than wealth.
expense
费用,开支
travel expenses 旅行费用
moneybox
存钱罐
put money in the moneybox
动词(v.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
save
节省;储蓄;拯救
save money 存钱 / save up 攒钱
borrow
借入
borrow...from... 向……借……
lend
借出
lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.
afford
负担得起
can't afford 买不起
cost
花费
cost sb. sth. 花某人……
earn
赚得
earn a living 谋生
waste
浪费
waste time/money on... 在……上浪费
manage
管理;设法做到
manage money 理财
形容词(adj.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
spare
备用的;多余的
spare time 空闲时间 / spare key 备用钥匙
wise
明智的
It's wise to save. 储蓄是明智的
二、核心短语
短语
释义
例句
make sense
有道理;讲得通
This plan makes sense to me.
make ends meet
收支平衡
It's hard to make ends meet.
manage money
理财
We should learn to manage money.
save up
攒钱
She is saving up for a new phone.
of one's own
属于自己的
I want a room of my own.
had better (not) do
最好(不)做某事
You'd better not waste money.
make sense of
理解
I can't make sense of this poem.
三、语法要点:时间状语从句 & 让步状语从句
1. 时间状语从句
引导词
含义
例句
when
当……时候
When I got home, Mum was cooking.
while
当……时(同时,接延续性动词)
While I was reading, the phone rang.
before
在……之前
Wash your hands before you eat.
after
在……之后
After he left, I felt lonely.
until / till
直到……为止
I waited until he came back.
as soon as
一……就……
As soon as I arrived, it started to rain.
重点 :时间状语从句同样遵循"主将从现"原则。
2. 让步状语从句(although / though / even though)
引导词
用法
例句
although / though
虽然……(不与 but 连用)
Although he is young, he knows a lot.
even though
即使……(语气更强)
Even though it was cold, she went swimming.
高频考点 :
although/though 引导让步状语从句时,主句不能再用 but
可与 yet / still 连用:Though it rained, (yet) we still went out.
Unit 3 Past passing by(历史遗迹)
一、核心词汇
名词(n.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
guest
嘉宾,宾客
special guest 特邀嘉宾
remains
遗迹(常用复数)
ancient remains 古代遗迹
kingdom
王国
the ancient kingdom 古老的王国
tomb
墓穴,坟墓
a royal tomb 皇家陵墓
treasure
财宝,珍宝
ancient treasures 古代珍宝
exhibition
展览
visit an exhibition 参观展览
mask
面具
bronze masks 青铜面具
silk
丝绸
the Silk Road 丝绸之路
civilization
文明
ancient civilizations 古代文明
relic
遗迹,遗物
cultural relics 文物
archaeologist
考古学家
a famous archaeologist 著名考古学家
动词(v.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
lie
位于(lay-lain)
lie in 坐落于(大地点)/ lie on 位于……边上
discover
发现
discover a tomb 发现一座古墓
形容词(adj.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
ancient
古代的
ancient history 古代历史
creative
有创造力的
a creative design 有创意的设计
such
这样,如此
such a beautiful place 如此美丽的地方
二、核心短语
短语
释义
例句
date back to
追溯到……
The city dates back to 2,000 years ago.
lie in / lie on
位于
The town lies in the valley.
in the northwest
在西北部
Giant mountains stand in the northwest.
such...that...
如此……以至于……
It is such an amazing place that everyone visits.
so...that...
如此……以至于……
The masks are so beautiful that we can't look away.
so that
以便,为了
We take photos so that we can remember the relics.
三、语法要点:结果状语从句 & 目的状语从句
1. 结果状语从句(so...that / such...that)
结构
用法
例句
so + adj./adv. + that
so 修饰形容词/副词
The masks are so beautiful that we can't look away.
such + a/an + adj. + 单名 + that
such 修饰名词短语
It is such an amazing place that everyone visits.
such + adj. + 复名/不可数 + that
such 修饰复数/不可数名词
They are such old treasures that we must protect them.
核心辨析 :
so 修饰 adj./adv.;such 修饰 n.
例外:so many/much/few/little + n.(不用 such)
2. 目的状语从句(so that / in order that)
引导词
含义
例句
so that
以便,为了(从句含 can/could/will)
We study hard so that we can get good grades.
in order that
为了(更正式)
He spoke loudly in order that everyone could hear.
辨析 so that(目的) vs so...that(结果) :
He studied hard so that he could pass.(目的:为了通过)
He studied so hard that he passed.(结果:结果通过了)
Unit 4 Heroes(英雄人物)
一、核心词汇
名词(n.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
hero
英雄;偶像
a national hero 民族英雄
courage
勇气
show great courage 展示巨大勇气
sacrifice
牺牲
make sacrifices 做出牺牲
determination
决心
strong determination 坚定的决心
bravery
勇敢
admire one's bravery 钦佩勇敢
achievement
成就
remarkable achievements 卓越成就
influence
影响
have a great influence on 对……有很大影响
role model
榜样
be a role model for 做……的榜样
动词(v.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
devote
奉献
devote oneself to 致力于
admire
钦佩
admire sb. for sth. 因……钦佩某人
respect
尊敬
respect our elders 尊敬长辈
contribute
贡献
contribute to 对……做出贡献
overcome
克服(overcame, overcome)
overcome difficulties 克服困难
形容词(adj.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
noble
高尚的
a noble character 高尚的品格
selfless
无私的
a selfless person 无私的人
二、核心短语
短语
释义
例句
devote oneself to
致力于;献身于
She devoted herself to education.
make a contribution to
对……做出贡献
He made great contributions to science.
in the face of
面对
She showed courage in the face of danger.
give up
放弃
Never give up your dreams.
look up to
尊敬;仰慕
Children look up to their parents.
set an example
树立榜样
Heroes set an example for us.
三、语法要点:定语从句 — who 引导
定语从句基本概念
先行词 :被定语从句修饰的名词或代词
关系词 :连接主句和从句,指代先行词,在从句中充当成分
从句 :用陈述语序,紧跟先行词之后
who 引导的定语从句
用法
结构
例句
who 作主语
先行词(人) + who + 谓语
The teacher who teaches us English is kind.
who 作宾语
先行词(人) + who + 主语 + 谓语(可省略)
The girl (who) I met is my neighbor.
whose 作定语
先行词 + whose + n.
I know the boy whose father is a doctor.
重点 :
who 只指人,在从句中可作主语或宾语
作宾语时可省略
whose 表"……的",可指人或物
从句必须用陈述语序
Unit 5 A fine balance(生态平衡)
一、核心词汇
名词(n.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
balance
平衡
keep a balance 保持平衡
ecosystem
生态系统
a complex ecosystem 复杂的生态系统
environment
环境
protect the environment 保护环境
resource
资源
natural resources 自然资源
pollution
污染
air/water pollution 空气/水污染
species
物种
endangered species 濒危物种
habitat
栖息地
protect habitats 保护栖息地
harmony
和谐
in harmony with 与……和谐相处
动词(v.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
affect
影响
affect our health 影响健康
preserve
保护,保存
preserve natural resources 保护自然资源
damage
损害,破坏
cause damage to 对……造成损害
survive
生存,幸存
survive in harsh conditions 在恶劣条件下生存
recycle
回收利用
recycle paper and plastic 回收纸张和塑料
coexist
共存
coexist peacefully 和平共存
形容词(adj.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
sustainable
可持续的
sustainable development 可持续发展
二、核心短语
短语
释义
例句
in harmony with
与……和谐相处
Live in harmony with nature.
in danger of
处于……的危险中
Species are in danger of extinction.
have an effect on
对……有影响
Pollution has an effect on our health.
make a difference
有影响,起作用
Every small action makes a difference.
take action
采取行动
We must take action now.
play a role in
在……中发挥作用
Everyone plays a role in protecting nature.
三、语法要点:定语从句 — that / which 引导
that 引导的定语从句
用法
例句
that 指人
The man that/who spoke is our principal.
that 指物
The book that/which I bought is interesting.
that 作宾语(可省略)
Is that the car (that) you bought?
which 引导的定语从句
用法
例句
which 作主语
The river which flows through the city is polluted.
which 作宾语(可省略)
The movie (which) we watched was exciting.
只能用 that 的情况(高频考点)
条件
例句
先行词被最高级修饰
This is the best movie that I have ever seen.
先行词被序数词修饰
The first thing that I did was to call Mum.
先行词被 all/every/no/the only 修饰
All that he said is true.
先行词既有人又有物
The man and his dog that passed by were interesting.
Unit 6 Live green(绿色生活)
一、核心词汇
名词(n.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
plastic
塑料
reduce the use of plastic 减少塑料使用
energy
能源;能量
solar energy 太阳能
carbon
碳
carbon footprint 碳足迹
emission
排放
carbon emissions 碳排放
landfill
垃圾填埋场
waste goes to landfills 垃圾进入填埋场
sustainability
可持续性
focus on sustainability 关注可持续性
conservation
保护,节约
water conservation 水资源保护
动词(v.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
recycle
回收利用
recycle bottles and cans 回收瓶子和罐子
reduce
减少
reduce waste 减少浪费
reuse
重复使用
reuse old clothes 重复使用旧衣服
形容词(adj.)
单词
释义
拓展/搭配
reusable
可重复使用的
reusable bags 可重复使用的袋子
renewable
可再生的
renewable energy 可再生能源
organic
有机的
organic food 有机食品
biodegradable
可生物降解的
biodegradable packaging 可降解包装
eco-friendly
环保的
eco-friendly products 环保产品
二、核心短语
短语
释义
例句
carbon footprint
碳足迹
Reduce your carbon footprint.
global warming
全球变暖
Global warming is a serious problem.
greenhouse effect
温室效应
The greenhouse effect raises temperatures.
reduce / reuse / recycle
减少/重复使用/回收利用
Follow the 3R rule: reduce, reuse, recycle.
make a difference
有影响
Small actions can make a big difference.
throw away
扔掉
Don't throw away recyclable items.
三、语法要点:构词法(Word Formation)
前缀(Prefixes)— 改变词义,通常不改变词性
前缀
含义
示例
re-
再,重新
recycle 再循环 / reuse 再利用 / rewrite 重写 / rebuild 重建
un-
不,非
unhappy 不开心 / unusual 不寻常 / unable 不能
dis-
不,非
disagree 不同意 / disappear 消失 / dislike 不喜欢
pre-
预先
preview 预习 / preheat 预热 / preschool 学前
eco-
生态的
eco-friendly 环保的 / ecosystem 生态系统
后缀(Suffixes)— 通常改变词性
后缀
功能
示例
-tion / -sion
动词 → 名词
educate → education / decide → decision / pollute → pollution
-able / -ible
动词 → 形容词(可……的)
reuse → reusable / recycle → recyclable
-ful
名词 → 形容词(充满……的)
care → careful / hope → hopeful
-less
名词 → 形容词(没有……的)
home → homeless / hope → hopeless / care → careless
-ly
形容词 → 副词
quick → quickly / careful → carefully
-ness
形容词 → 名词
happy → happiness / kind → kindness
-ment
动词 → 名词
develop → development / achieve → achievement
-ity
形容词 → 名词
sustainable → sustainability / active → activity
构词法解题技巧 :
看到不认识的词,先拆前缀和后缀,找词根
根据后缀判断词性,根据前缀判断含义方向
结合上下文语境确定具体意思
全书语法体系总图
复习建议
阶段一:词汇过关(1-2 天)
逐单元过词汇表,重点掌握词性变化和固定搭配
利用词汇卡片自测,重点攻克易混词(borrow/lend、so/such)
阶段二:语法梳理(2-3 天)
按语法体系总图,理清各类从句的引导词和用法
重点突破:定语从句 who/that/which 的选用规则
背诵每个语法点的典型例句
阶段三:综合练习(2-3 天)
完成各单元通关练习,记录错题
针对错题回顾语法要点,重点突破薄弱环节
进行真题模拟训练,检验复习效果
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