Unit 4 Period 1 Welcome to the unit～Reading（导学案）英语新教材译林版九年级上册

该初中英语导学案围绕Unit 4 "Life is beautiful"展开，涵盖核心词汇（pity, unused等）、动词-ing形式句法功能及《Be like a peanut》哲理短文阅读。课堂通过竹子、松树等植物例子导入，连接旧知（宾语从句）与新知（动词-ing语法），搭建词汇记忆、语法归纳的学习支架。 资料亮点在于语法难点分层突破（如-ing作主语单复数、感官动词后do/doing辨析）、语篇隐喻深度解析（花生象征内在价值），配套词形转换、阅读填空等多样化练习，助力学生提升语言能力，培养辩证思维品质，发展自主归纳的学习能力。

Unit 4 Life is beautiful Period1 Welcome to the unit-Reading （一）语言能力 词汇：掌握 pity, unused, dig, harvest, celebration, unlike, bear, compare, expect, satisfaction, encouragement, attractive 等单词；熟练词形转换；掌握 go to waste, a couple of, compare…with…, expect sth. of sb., lie in, It’s a pity to… 等核心短语。 语法：掌握 动词 - ing 形式（现在分词） 五大句法功能（作主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语）；分清 -ing 形容词（令人……）与 - ed 形容词（感到……） 的区别。 听：听懂关于生活美好、平凡小事、有意义生活的对话，抓取人物观点、生活方式信息。 说：能够谈论生活中的美好瞬间，分享自己看待生活困难的态度，交流如何创造有意义的生活。 读：读懂《Be like a peanut》叙事哲理短文，梳理文章叙事脉络，理解花生喻人的深层内涵；学会抓取细节、推理作者观点。 写：运用动词 - ing 结构，完成书面表达：生活中的美好 / 影响我的一件事 / 一个人，能够表达对生活价值的理解。 （二）文化意识 理解平凡事物蕴藏价值，学会欣赏日常生活中的微小美好；树立积极乐观的人生观，懂得内在品质比外表更加重要；学会珍惜生活、善待他人，理性看待得失。 （三）思维品质 学习文本托物喻理的写作手法；学会辩证思考：生活有苦有甜，美好蕴藏在平凡之中；能够区分表象与内在价值；学会提炼文章哲理，并联系自身生活进行反思表达。 （四）学习能力 学会利用词根词缀记忆单词（unused, attractive）；主动归纳非谓语动词 - ing 用法；积累描写生活、心态主题句型；学会在写作中灵活运用现在分词美化句式。 语法难点 ① 动词 - ing 作主语，谓语动词使用单数，学生极易出错； ② 感官动词后 see sb. doing（正在进行）与 see sb. do（全过程）辨析； ③ 语境中准确区分 - ing /-ed 形容词，避免中式混淆； ④ 区分动词 - ing（非谓语）与现在进行时态。 语篇与理解难点： 读懂文章隐喻：花生埋在地下、朴实却实用，象征低调、重视内在价值的人；深层哲理理解。 语言运用难点： 在写作中自然嵌入动词 - ing 结构提升文采，避免生硬堆砌；准确使用非谓语，区分谓语动词与非谓语。 思维难点： 由故事延伸到现实生活，引导学生联系自身，理解 “Life is beautiful” 不只指顺境，平凡与坚守同样美好。 1、 单词填空 1. 赋予生命意义____________________ 2.一个有用的人 ____________________ 2. 对我们影响深远 ____________________4.过上有意义的生活____________________ 5. 人生经验教训____________________ 6.在恶劣环境中生存____________________ 6. 吸收……____________________ 8.迎风而立____________________ 9. 风过之后____________________ 10.继续前行____________________ 10. 全年保持翠绿____________________ 12.位于……后方____________________ 13. 一小块未开发的土地____________________14.挖掘地面____________________ 14. 几个月后____________________ 16.举办派对 ____________________ 17. 丰收时节____________________ 18.发挥领导作用____________________ 18. 提炼石油____________________ 20.关于……的独特之处 ____________________ 21. 在空中____________________ 22.吸引众人注意____________________ 22. 挖掘出来____________________ 24.将果实埋入地下____________________ 25. 通过行动传达信息____________________ 26.结出果实 ____________________ 26. 彻夜长谈____________________ 28.……的用途 ____________________ 29. 从容不迫地等待____________________ 40.其余部分____________________ 30. 隐藏的宝藏____________________ 31.榜样人物____________________ 32.完全失聪____________________ 33.专注于目标____________________ 2、 翻译 1. 要赋予生命意义，就必须拥有超越个人的崇高目标。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. 它极其坚固，即便是台风也无法轻易将其破坏。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. 我们可以像竹子一样坚韧不拔，直到艰难时刻过去。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. 松树也是如此。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. 松树提醒我们在艰难时刻要保持坚强与希望。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 6. 若寒冬来临，春天岂会遥不可及？ ___________________________________________________________________________ 7. 如此浪费实在可惜。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 8. 谁能告诉我花生究竟有什么益处？ ___________________________________________________________________________ 9. 与苹果、桃子不同——它们的果实悬于空中，以绚丽色彩吸引人们注意；而花生植株则将果实深埋地下。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 10. 在将其挖出之前，仅凭观察其细茎无法判断是否结果。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 11. 您的意思是，与实际用途相比，他人的关注与赞誉并不那么重要吗？ ___________________________________________________________________________ 12. 这正是我的意思，也是我对您提出的要求。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 13. 父亲的话至今仍清晰地留在我的记忆中。 ___________________________________________________________________________ Welcome to the unit 一、重点单词解析 1.survive /səˈvaɪv/v. 生存；存活；幸存 名词：survival n. 生存； 幸存者 survivor 搭配：survive in hard conditions 在恶劣环境中存活 survive 全面用法（中考 / 高中核心考点） vi.（不及物） & vt.（及物） 核心词义 vi. 生存；存活；艰难度日 vt. 从…… 幸存；幸免于；比…… 活得久 重点语法 1. 及物动词：survive + 灾难 / 事故 / 危险 ⚠️ 不加介词 from！不要说 survive from the accident（错误）✅ survive the fire 从火灾中幸存✅ survive the crash 在空难中活下来✅ survive the war 熬过战争例句：Only a few people survived the earthquake.只有少数人在地震中幸存。 2. 不及物动词：survive (on sth) 靠…… 活下去 搭配：survive on + 食物 / 金钱例句：They survive on very little water.他们靠极少的水维持生命。 3. survive sb 比某人长寿 ✅ He survived his wife by ten years.他比妻子多活了十年。 常见易错辨析 错误：survive from the flood✅ 正确：survive the flood survive 本身 =“幸免于”，自带 “从…… 活下来” 含义，不需要 from 表示 “幸存下来”，被动很少用；不用 be survived 拓展短语 & 句型 survive through … 熬过（艰难时期）She survived through the hard times.她熬过了艰难岁月。 manage to survive 设法活下来 ▶配套小题：Few plants can ______ (survival) in the desert. 2.condition /kənˈdɪʃn/n. 条件；环境；状况 复数 conditions（多指环境、形势） 搭配：hard/tough conditions 恶劣环境；living conditions 生活条件 两大词性：n. 名词 /v. 动词 一、名词 n.（考得最多） 含义 1：状况；状态（人 / 物健康、好坏） ✅ 不可数搭配：in good condition 状态良好in bad/poor condition 状态糟糕in perfect condition 完好无损out of condition 身体欠佳；状态不好⚠️ 辨析：condition（内在状态） vs situation（外部形势） The car is in good condition. 车子车况很好。 The economic situation is difficult. 经济形势严峻。 含义 2：条件；前提（可数名词 conditions） 常用搭配：on condition that + 从句 条件是；只要（中考重点连词短语）on one condition 有一个条件under these conditions 在这些条件下meet/satisfy the conditions 满足条件例句：I will help you on condition that you study hard.只要你努力学习，我就帮你。 含义 3：环境；客观情况（多用复数 conditions） working conditions 工作环境living conditions 生活条件weather conditions 气候条件 💡区分单复数简易口诀：单数 condition → 状态；复数 conditions → 条件、环境 ▶小题：Plants can live in terrible ______ (condition). 3. tough /tʌf/adj. 艰苦的；恶劣的；坚强的 同义：difficult, hard in tough conditions 在恶劣环境下 ▶小题：We should keep hopeful in ______ (toughly) times. 4. easily /ˈiːzɪli/adv. 容易地 形容词 easy； 动词 ease ▶小题：The bamboo cannot ______ (easy) break. 5. remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/v. 提醒；使想起 核心搭配：remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某物 ▶小题：The tree reminds me ______ my childhood. 6. hopeful /ˈhəʊpfl/adj. 充满希望的 词根 hope n.&v. 希望； 反义词 hopeless adj. 无望的 搭配：stay hopeful 保持满怀希望 ▶小题：We should be ______ (hope) during difficult times. 答案：hopeful 7. poet /ˈpəʊɪt/n. 诗人 拓展：poem n. 诗歌；poetry n. 诗歌（总称） ▶小题：Shelley was a famous British ______ (poet). 8. purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/n. 目标；意义，目的 课文：have a purpose 拥有目标 搭配：on purpose 故意地 ▶小题：Everyone needs a ______ (purpose) in life. 9. unique /juˈniːk/adj. 独特的；独一无二的 ⚠本身含最高级含义，不能加 most 搭配：a unique existence 独特的存在 ▶小题：Every person is ______ (unique) in the world. 10. existence /ɪɡˈzɪstəns/n. 存在；生命 动词 exist v. 存在 ▶小题：Every life is a special ______ (exist). 11. positively /ˈpɒzətɪvli/adv. 积极地 形容词 positive； 反义词 negatively 搭配：live positively 积极生活 ▶小题：Try to face difficulties ______ (positive). 12. influence /ˈɪnfluəns/v.&n. 影响 搭配：influence sb.；have a great influence on sb. ▶小题：He ______ (influence) me greatly. 二、重点短语汇总 1.take in 吸收（水分、空气）；理解 课文：A cactus can take in water 仙人掌能够吸收水分 拓展：take in 收留；领会 ▶小题：Plants ______ ______ carbon dioxide.（吸收） take 高频短语汇总（中考核心，附考点、辨析、例句） 1、 基础必背 take care 小心，当心take care of = look after 照顾；照料▶ Please take care of my cat. 请照看我的猫。 take place 发生（无被动！ 重点陷阱）▶ The sports meeting will take place next week. take part in 参加（活动、比赛）✦辨析：join + 团体 / 人；join in + 小型活动 take off①（飞机）起飞 ②脱掉（衣物）▶ The plane took off on time. 飞机准时起飞。 take on 承担（工作）；雇佣 take up①开始从事（爱好）②占据（时间 / 空间）▶ He took up painting. 他开始画画。▶ The sofa takes up too much room. take away 拿走；夺走 take out 取出；带出 take down 记下；拆除 take back 收回（话语）；拿回 二、交通 / 出行类 take a bus/train/plane 乘坐公交 / 火车 / 飞机 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地▶ Mum took me to the park. 三、花费、时间相关 take sb. + 时间 + to do sth花费某人多长时间做某事▶ It takes me an hour to get to school. 四、观点、理解类 take notes 记笔记 take one’s advice 听从某人建议 take it easy 别紧张，放轻松 take seriously 认真对待take sth seriously 认真对待某事 take pride in = be proud of 为…… 感到自豪 五、易混难点短语 take over 接管，接手 take for 误以为take A for B 把 A 错当成 B take sides 偏袒，站队 take turns 轮流take turns to do /doing sth 轮流做某事 take action 采取行动 超级重要易错提醒 take place 不能用于被动语态❌ The accident was taken place.✅ The accident took place. take part in 参加活动；join 加入组织 take off 多义，阅读理解经常考双层含义 2. all year round 全年；一年四季 课文：Pine trees stay green all year round. ▶小题：The place is warm ______ ______ ______. 3. the same is true of … …… 也是如此 ▶小题：The same ______ ______ of bamboo. 4. give up 放弃 give up doing sth. 课文：teaches us not to give up ▶小题：Never give up ______ (try) when you meet troubles. 5. carry on 坚持；继续 carry on doing sth. 坚持做某事 ▶小题：Let’s carry on ______ (work). 6.live positively 积极生活 7.a unique existence 独特的存在 8.live a meaningful life 过有意义的生活 9.larger than oneself 超越自我 10.learn from 向…… 学习 三、重点语法点 知识点1： 宾语从句（本单元承接 U2 旧知，铺垫） 句型：Did you know (that) …? Did you know that plants can teach us a lot about life? that 引导陈述句宾语从句，无意义，口语中常省略；主句过去时，从句时态相应变化。 知识点2： so … that … 结果状语从句（中考高频） 结构：so + adj./adv. + that 从句 如此…… 以至于…… 课文：It’s so strong that even a typhoon cannot easily break it. 翻译：它十分坚韧，即使台风也不容易将它折断。 ▶配套小题： He is ______ tired ______ he wants to rest. so that/ so..that/such ...that...的区别 1. so that （目的状语从句） 含义：为了，以便 结构：主句 + so that + 完整句子（目的） 从句常搭配情态动词：can /could/will /may He studies hard so that he can pass the exam. 他努力学习以便能通过考试。 ⚠️ 区分：so that 表目的；另外它也可引导结果（较少见，考试重点是目的） 2. so … that …（结果状语从句） 含义：如此…… 以至于…… ✅ 结构公式： ① so + 形容词 / 副词 + that 从句 She is so beautiful that everyone likes her.（so + 形容词） He runs so fast that no one can catch him.（so + 副词） ② so + many /much/few /little + 名词 + that （名词前数量词只能用 so，不能用 such） There are so many students that the room is crowded. 3. such … that …（结果状语从句） 含义：如此…… 以至于…… ✅ 结构公式： ① such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + that It is such a nice day that we want to go out. = The day is so nice that we want to go out. ② such + 形容词 + 复数名词 / 不可数名词 + that They are such lovely children that I love them. It is such bad weather that we stay home. 高频易错转换 such a/an + adj. + n. = so + adj. + a/an + n. such a clever boy = so clever a boy He is such a clever boy that… = He is so clever a boy that… 遇到 many/much/few/little（表数量）→ 只用 so so little money ✅ ｜ such little money ❌ 一句话快速记忆 so that = 为了（目的） so 盯形容词、副词；such 盯名词 看到 many/much/few/little，一律用 so 知识点3： 动词不定式作宾语补足语 teach/remind sb. not to do sth. 教 / 提醒某人不要做某事 It teaches us not to give up. ❌teach sb. not do ✅teach sb. not to do ▶小题：My mum reminds me ______ (not stay) up late. 知识点4： 比较级结构 larger than oneself 超越自我 比较级核心句型 a. A + be / 实义动词 + 比较级 + than + BA 比 B……He runs faster than me. b. 比较级 + and + 比较级 越来越……taller and taller 越来越高more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 c. the + 比较级，the + 比较级 越……，就越……The more you read, the better you will be. d. 比较级 + than any other + 单数名词（同一范围内，最高级含义）Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. ⚠️ 易错：不同范围不用 otherChina is bigger than any city in Japan. much /a lot /far/even /still + 比较级修饰比较级！不能用 verymuch easier 容易得多even colder 甚至更冷 ✅ 修饰比较级词：much, far, a lot, a little, even❌ very, quite, so 不能修饰比较级 最高级核心句型 a. the + 最高级 + (in/of 范围)in + 地点 / 群体；of + 同类人 / 物Tom is the tallest in his class.Tom is the tallest of all the boys. b. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词最…… 之一（必考！名词复数）one of the most popular songs c. the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词第几……the second longest river 第二长河 知识点5： 让步状语 whether … or not Every life, whether great or not, is a unique existence. whether great or not = whether it is great or not 无论伟大与否 知识点6： 直接引语名言 “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？（雪莱《西风颂》） 四、长难句详细解析 1.Did you know that plants can teach us a lot about life? 翻译：你知道植物可以教会我们许多人生道理吗？ 解析： 主句：Did you know；that 引导宾语从句； a lot 作宾语，about life 介词短语后置。 考点：宾语从句语序永远陈述语序。 2. It’s so strong that even a typhoon cannot easily break it. 翻译：它十分坚韧，就算台风也难以将它折断。 核心句型：so … that … 如此…… 以至于…… easily 副词修饰动词 break，不能用形容词 easy。 3.It teaches us not to give up when we face difficulties. We can carry on like the bamboo till the hard time passes. 翻译：它教会我们面对困境不要放弃。我们可以像竹子一样坚持下去，直到艰难的时光过去。 拆解：teach sb. not to do sth. 不定式宾补； when 引导时间状语从句； till 引导时间状语从句 carry 高频短语（中考核心） （1）carry out 执行；实施；完成 carry out the plan 执行计划 carry out an experiment 做实验 We will carry out the new rule soon. （2）carry on ① 继续；坚持（=go on） carry on (doing) sth. 继续做某事 Carry on working. 继续干活。 ② 开展；进行（活动、谈话） carry on a conversation 交谈 （3）carry off 赢得（奖项）；夺走；抢走 carry off the prize 获奖 （4）carry away ① 冲走；卷走 The flood carried away houses. ② 使着迷；失去理智（常用被动 be carried away） Don’t get carried away. 别得意忘形。 （5）carry with sb. 心中铭记；随身携带 carry memories with me 铭记回忆 （6）carry through 完成；坚持到底；使渡过难关 carry the plan through 将计划贯彻到底 （7）carry about / carry around 随身携带 carry a bag around 随身带包 （8）carry forward 推进；发扬（书面） carry forward the spirit 发扬精神 4. The same is true of pine trees. They stay green all year round, even in the cold winter. 翻译：松树也是如此。它们一年四季常青，即便在寒冷的冬天。 固定句型：The same is true of … …… 同样适用。 5.Pine trees remind us to stay strong and hopeful during hard times. 翻译：松树提醒我们在艰难岁月里保持坚强、心怀希望。 搭配：remind sb. to do sth.；strong and hopeful 并列形容词作表语。 6.As the poet Shelley wrote, “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” 翻译：正如诗人雪莱所写：“冬天来了，春天还会远吗？” 解析：as 引导方式状语从句，正如；直接引语。 7.To give life meaning, one must have a purpose larger than oneself. 翻译：想要赋予生命意义，人必须拥有超越自我的目标。 语法：To give life meaning 动词不定式放句首作目的状语；larger than oneself 形容词比较级后置定语，修饰 purpose。 8.Every life, whether great or not, is a unique existence in this world. 翻译：每一个生命，无论伟大与否，都是世间独一无二的存在。 解析：whether great or not 省略结构作插入语；主干 Every life is a unique existence。 9. Let’s learn from different forms of life and try to live positively. 翻译：让我们向不同形态的生命学习，努力积极地生活。 句型：let’s do；and 并列两个动词 learn & try；positively 副词修饰动词 live。 五．综合巩固练习题。 一、词形转换 1. Few animals can ______ (survival) in such tough conditions. 2. The photo reminds me of my ______ (hope) childhood. 3. We should face all problems ______ (positive). 4. Bamboo is so strong that people ______ (easy) break it.（否定含义） 5. Every life has its ______ (exist) and value. 二、单项选择 1. The tree reminds me ______ my grandma. A. to B. of C. for 2. He is ______ busy ______ he has no time to rest. A. so; that B. such; that 3. My teacher taught me ______ give up when facing difficulties. A. not to B. to not C. don’t 4. Cactuses can take ______ water in dry deserts. A. out B. in C. off Reading 一、重点单词解析。 1.unused /ˌʌnˈjuːzd/adj. 未使用的，闲置的 词根 use v./n. 使用；前缀 un - 表否定 课文：a small piece of unused land 一小块闲置土地 ▶小题：We can make good use of the ______ (use) space. 2. pity /ˈpɪti/n.【C】遗憾，可惜 固定句型：It’s a pity to do sth. 做某事很可惜 课文：It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that. 一、词性：名词 n. & 动词 v. ✅ 名词（考试重中之重） a.遗憾的事；可惜的事（可数，常 a pity） 固定句型： It’s a pity (that)… 真可惜……（that 可省略，从句常用陈述语气）▶ It’s a pity (that) you can’t come.你不能来真是遗憾。 What a pity! 真可惜！（口语高频） B.同情；怜悯（不可数） 搭配：have/take pity on sb 同情某人▶ We should have pity on the poor children.我们应该同情这些贫困孩子。out of pity 出于同情 ⚠️ 区分：a pity → 一件可惜的事（可数）pity → 同情（不可数，不加 a） ❌ 错误：It’s pity.✅ 正确：It’s a pity. 二、动词 v. 同情；怜悯 pity sb 同情某人（及物动词，直接加宾语）▶ I pity him. 我同情他。 📌 拓展短语 feel pity for sb = have pity on sb 同情某人 More’s the pity. 那就更可惜了（阅读偶尔出现） 三、易混辨析 pity /sorry pity（名词）：遗憾、同情 sorry（形容词）：感到抱歉、难过▶ What a pity!（事情可惜）▶ I’m sorry.（我感到抱歉） ▶小题：It’s a pity ______ (miss) the party. 3. dig /dɪɡ/v. 挖；掘 过去式 / 过去分词：dug；dug 搭配：dig up the ground 翻地；dig out 挖出 ▶小题：They ______ (dig) up the soil to grow peanuts. 4. harvest /ˈhɑːvɪst/n.&v. 收获；收成 课文：we had a harvest！我们迎来了丰收 ▶小题：Farmers have a good ______ (harvest) every autumn. 5. celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/v. 庆祝 名词：celebration n. 庆祝活动 ▶小题：We held a ______ (celebrate) for the harvest. 6. afford /əˈfɔːd/v. 买得起；承担得起 搭配：afford to do sth.（常与 can/could/be able to 连用） 课文：Almost everyone can afford to buy peanuts. ▶小题：I can’t afford ______ (buy) such an expensive bike. 7. unlike /ʌnˈlaɪk/prep. 和…… 不同；不像（反义词 like） 课文：Unlike apples and peaches… ▶小题：______ his brother, he is quiet. 8. attract /əˈtrækt/v. 吸引 形容词：attractive adj. 吸引人的；诱人的 课文：attract people with their beautiful colours ▶小题：The flowers are very ______ (attract). 9. stem /stem/n. 茎；枝干 thin stem 细细的枝干 10. bear /beə(r)/v. 结（果实）；承受；忍受 过去式 bore；过去分词 borne/born 搭配：bear fruit 结果实（课文核心搭配） ▶小题：The tree ______ (bear) lots of apples every year. 11. compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/v. 比较 搭配：compare A with B 将 A 与 B 对比 课文：compared with usefulness ▶小题：If you ______ this car with that one, you will find the difference. 12. expect /ɪkˈspekt/v. 期待；期望 搭配：expect sth. of sb. 对某人抱有某种期待（课文重点） 课文：This is what I expect of you. ▶小题：Parents expect too much ______ their children sometimes. 13. memory /ˈmeməri/n. 记忆；回忆 复数 memories；in memory 在记忆中 ▶小题：The words stay clear in my ______ (memory). 二、重点短语汇总。 1.a small piece of unused land 一小块闲置土地 2.go to waste 被浪费掉 ▶小题：Don’t let the food ______ ______ waste. 3. a couple of 几个；一对（后接可数名词复数） ▶小题：I will be back in ______ ______ ______ days.（几天之后） 4.dig up the ground 翻地 5.have a harvest 获得丰收 6.take the lead 率先发言；带头 课文：my sister took the lead. 7.be good for… 对…… 有用；有益于 8.dig sth. out 挖出某物（被动：be dug out） 9.compared with 和…… 相比（作状语，固定搭配） ▶小题：______ ______ him, you are luckier. 10.expect sth. of sb. 对某人寄予期待 11.talk late into the night 交谈到深夜 12.to this day 直到今天 三、核心语法要点 知识点1： 宾语从句 what peanuts are good for（宾语从句，陈述语序） This is what I expect of you.（what 引导表语从句） ✅规则：名词性从句一律陈述语序 知识点2： though/although 引导让步状语从句 原文：It’s useful, though not very attractive. 完整句：It’s useful, though (it is) not very attractive. ⚠though/although 不能同时和 but 连用 知识点3： “疑问词 + whether 从句” 宾语从句 you can’t tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not. 结构：tell + whether…or not 分辨是否…… 知识点4： 动名词作介词宾语 by looking at…（by 介词后面 + doing） 知识点5： 不定式固定句型 It’s a pity to do sth. 做某事很可惜 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 知识点6： 分词短语作状语 Compared with usefulness, attention is not that important. compared with 固定短语，作状语（必考） 四、长难句详细解析 1.It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that. 翻译：就这样任由它荒着实在可惜。 句型：It is a pity to do sth. it 形式主语，真正主语 to let it go to waste。 2. We began buying seeds, digging up the ground and watering the plants. 翻译：我们开始买种子、翻地、给作物浇水。 解析：begin 后并列三组动名词 buying /digging/watering，并列宾语。 3. Unlike apples and peaches that show their fruits in the air and attract people with their beautiful colours, the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth. 翻译：苹果、桃子把果实挂在枝头，用艳丽的色彩吸引人们；花生却不一样，它把果实埋在泥土里。 结构拆分： Unlike apples and peaches 介词短语作状语； that show…and attract… 定语从句，修饰 apples and peaches； 主句：the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth. 4. Until you dig it out, you can’t tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not. 翻译：除非你把它挖出来，否则光看细细的枝干，无法判断它有没有结果。 考点：not…until 变形；whether…or not 宾语从句；by + doing 方式状语。 tell 表示「区分、辨别」 核心固定搭配（必考） 1. tell A from B 区分 A 和 B；辨别 A 与 B（最常用）公式：tell + A + from + B▶ Can you tell the twin sisters from each other?你能分清这对双胞胎姐妹吗？ 2. tell the difference between A and B 辨别 A、B 两者的区别▶ I can’t tell the difference between the two pictures.我看不出这两张图片的区别。 3. tell A and B apart 区分 A 与 B▶ It’s hard to tell the two cats apart.很难分清这两只猫。 三组同义转换tell A from B = tell A and B apart = tell the difference between A and B ⚠️高频易错点 否定场景最多！常搭配 can /could not tell… 分不清……I can’t tell right from wrong. 我分不清是非。 介词不能乱换❌ tell A with B✅ tell A from B apart 副词位置：tell + 对象 + apart❌ tell apart A and B✅ tell A and B apart 📌拓展：tell 其他易混短语（顺带复习） tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事tell a story 讲故事tell lies 说谎tell the truth 说实话 中考真题例句填空 It’s difficult to tell the fake ______ the real one. Can you tell the two birds ______? 辨析拓展 compare（对比） VS tell（辨别、分清） compare A with B 把 A 和 B 对比（寻找异同） tell A from B 分清、辨别两者 5. It’s useful, though not very attractive. 翻译：它很有用，虽然外表并不引人注目。 省略句：though (it is) not very attractive；让步状语。 6. “Do you mean,” I asked, “compared with usefulness, attention and praise from others is not that important?” 翻译：我问道：“您的意思是，比起有用，别人的关注和赞扬并没有那么重要吗？” 解析：compared with 固定状语短语；attention 不可数名词，谓语用 is。 compare 中考核心用法 词性：动词 v. 两大核心搭配 1. compare A with B 把 A 和 B 对比（找出异同、差别）▶ If you compare this phone with that one, you will find many differences.如果你把这部手机和那部对比，你会发现很多区别。 2. compare A to B 把 A 比作 B（比喻）▶ People often compare life to a journey.人们常把人生比作一场旅行。 💡简易区分口诀：with 对比；to 比喻 ✅被动形式（考试经常考） be compared with… 被拿来和…… 对比be compared to… 被比作…… Life is compared to a river. 人生被比作一条河流。 This model is compared with the old one.这款模型被和旧版本对比。 📌拓展短语 compare notes 交流看法、交换意见（阅读短语） compared with/to… 【固定状语】与…… 相比⚠️ 高频！作状语两种介词通用，放在句首 / 句尾✅ Compared with/to last year, we have made greater progress.与去年相比，我们取得了更大进步。 派生词 comparison n. 比较（你刚才词汇填空出现过！）make a comparison 进行比较in comparison with 和…… 相比 comparative adj. 比较的；相对的 易错点汇总 不要混淆介词 to /with 的本义（比喻 vs 对比） compared 作状语固定用过去分词，不能写 comparing！❌ Comparing with him, I have more free time.✅ Compared with him, I have more free time. 7. This is what I expect of you. 翻译：这就是我对你们的期望。 语法：what 引导表语从句，what 在从句内作 expect 宾语（写作高分句型）。 expect 必考搭配（重中之重） 1.expect to do sth 期待 / 预计做某事✅ I expect to pass the exam.我预计能通过考试。❌ expect doing（错误！） 2.expect sb. to do sth 期望某人做某事（最高频考点）Parents expect us to study hard.父母期望我们努力学习。 3.expect + that 从句 预料……；认为……（that 可省略）I expect (that) he will come soon.我预料他很快就到。 4.expect sth. 期待某物We expect good news. 我们期待好消息。 📌拓展短语 1.as expected 不出所料As expected, he won the game.不出所料，他赢得了比赛。 2.than expected 比预想的……The task is harder than expected.任务比预想更难。 派生词 expectation n. 期待；期望beyond expectation 出乎意料 unexpected adj. 意外的（阅读高频）unexpected news 意外消息 超级易错辨析 expect VS hope expect sb to do ✅ hope sb to do ❌（绝对错误！）✅ hope that 从句 /hope to do 总结：可以说 expect sb to do不能说 hope sb to do expect VS look forward to expect to do 预计、期待（侧重心里预料、等待） look forward to doing sth 热切盼望（to 是介词，后面 + doing）▶ I look forward to seeing you.▶ I expect to see you. 易混例句对比 ✅ I expect him to arrive on time. 我期待他准时到达。❌ I hope him to arrive on time.✅ I hope (that) he will arrive on time. 五、综合巩固练习题。 （一）．词形转换 1. It’s a pity ______ (waste) such good land. 2. The apple tree ______ (bear) lots of fruit every year. 3. ______ (compare) with cities, villages are quieter. 4. The treasure waits ______ (dig) out. 5. Flowers are ______ (attract) because of bright colours. （二）单项选择 1.Parents expect too much ______ their children. A. to B. of C. for 2.______ apples, peanuts hide fruit underground. A. Like B. Unlike C. Without 3.I can’t afford ______ such an expensive gift. A. buy B. to buy C. buying 4.It ______ a great pity if you miss the chance. A. is B. were C. be 一、词汇运用 1. Whether it’s choosing a snack or a new phone, ______(比较) helps us pick the best option for our needs. 2. Our school decided to turn the ______(未用过的) classroom on the second floor into a modern art studio for creative students. 3. The city park became very ______(有吸引力) to tourists after the local government planted thousands of colourful flowers along the paths. 4. Doctors warned that working in such dirty ______(状态) could cause serious health problems for the factory workers in the future. 5. With enough sunlight and water, the lemon trees in our garden will soon ______(结果实) fresh fruit for everyone to enjoy. 二、单项选择。 1.Do you find yourself getting impatient or ______ with people over unimportant things? A. bored B. boring C. tiring D. angrily 2.(2024 无锡江阴一模) At first, Mr Dong didn’t expect that his new programme ______ so much praise. A. will receive B. would receive C. has received D. had received 3.—The old man lives ______, so he may feel ______. —We should visit him twice a month. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely 4.(2026 扬州江都期末) Many ancient Chinese traditions still ______ alive in rural villages, even as modern life continues to develop rapidly. A. remain B. become C. seem D. leave 5.(2026 南通海门期末) —It is said that an unknown snailfish ______ below the surface of the Pacific Ocean. —Really? The snailfish reminds us of how much we haven’t known about life on earth. A. will discover B. have discovered C. discovered D. was discovered 三、阅读理解。 Why Do Older People Get Shorter? (2026天津中考)You’re now growing taller each year. But did you know most people start to get s1_______ little by little after 30? When you are 80, you would be 5~6 cm shorter. Here comes an interesting question. W2_______. gets shorter so much in your body? Go on reading and you can f3_______.out the fact. It is your back (脊柱) that keeps you upright (直立的). There are 33 little bones (骨头). Between most of these bones are soft discs (椎间盘). The middle of these soft discs are like jelly (果冻), and are mainly made of water. As you get older, these discs lose water slowly. They b4_______. a little thinner. There are usually 23 discs, and they are as high as 1/4 of your back. As a result, when e5_______. of them gets shorter a little bit, you get shorter. Older people’s muscles (肌肉) a6_______ get smaller and weaker, their bones get thinner and the spaces between the bones get smaller. Together, this can change your h7_______.. There’s another f8_______. that you may not realise. Even when you are y9_______, you get shorter over the day. You are actually tallest when you w10._______ up in the morning. You lose up to 2.5cm in less than 3 hours after getting out of bed. So, if you really want to be the tallest you can be, try to measure (测量) how tall you are just after you get out of bed in the morning. 四、首字母填空。 My father is a knowledgeable and hard-working scientist who deeply loves researching the secrets of nature. He is a 1. g____ from a famous university and has chosen to serve the country and people with his professional knowledge. He has been working in this field for more than twenty years and has won many 2. p____ for his work. He devotes most of his time to his work and often stays late in his lab to study the living conditions of plants and the environment. Many people are amazed at his strong patience and his efforts in 3. s____ difficult problems. He has a special room to 4. h____ all kinds of research samples, old books and valuable stamp collections. On weekends, he sometimes shows me his stamps and tells me interesting stories behind them. My mother, his beloved 5. w____, and I, his only daughter, always understand and support him. We often read a meaningful 6. p____ from his book or diary together after dinner. He teaches us not to judge things easily and encourages us to 7. m____ up our minds and hold on to our dreams. He hopes to 8. c____ his whole life to science and help more people in need. He also tries to digitalize his early research records to make them easier to share. He cares about social 9. p____ like overtourism and keeps studying how to protect the environment. He believes that small actions can make a big 10. d____ to our world. I am truly proud of my father and regard him as my best example in my life. 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他__ ______________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Life is beautiful Period1 Welcome to the unit-Reading （一）语言能力 词汇：掌握 pity, unused, dig, harvest, celebration, unlike, bear, compare, expect, satisfaction, encouragement, attractive 等单词；熟练词形转换；掌握 go to waste, a couple of, compare…with…, expect sth. of sb., lie in, It’s a pity to… 等核心短语。 语法：掌握 动词 - ing 形式（现在分词） 五大句法功能（作主语、宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语）；分清 -ing 形容词（令人……）与 - ed 形容词（感到……） 的区别。 听：听懂关于生活美好、平凡小事、有意义生活的对话，抓取人物观点、生活方式信息。 说：能够谈论生活中的美好瞬间，分享自己看待生活困难的态度，交流如何创造有意义的生活。 读：读懂《Be like a peanut》叙事哲理短文，梳理文章叙事脉络，理解花生喻人的深层内涵；学会抓取细节、推理作者观点。 写：运用动词 - ing 结构，完成书面表达：生活中的美好 / 影响我的一件事 / 一个人，能够表达对生活价值的理解。 （二）文化意识 理解平凡事物蕴藏价值，学会欣赏日常生活中的微小美好；树立积极乐观的人生观，懂得内在品质比外表更加重要；学会珍惜生活、善待他人，理性看待得失。 （三）思维品质 学习文本托物喻理的写作手法；学会辩证思考：生活有苦有甜，美好蕴藏在平凡之中；能够区分表象与内在价值；学会提炼文章哲理，并联系自身生活进行反思表达。 （四）学习能力 学会利用词根词缀记忆单词（unused, attractive）；主动归纳非谓语动词 - ing 用法；积累描写生活、心态主题句型；学会在写作中灵活运用现在分词美化句式。 语法难点 ① 动词 - ing 作主语，谓语动词使用单数，学生极易出错； ② 感官动词后 see sb. doing（正在进行）与 see sb. do（全过程）辨析； ③ 语境中准确区分 - ing /-ed 形容词，避免中式混淆； ④ 区分动词 - ing（非谓语）与现在进行时态。 语篇与理解难点： 读懂文章隐喻：花生埋在地下、朴实却实用，象征低调、重视内在价值的人；深层哲理理解。 语言运用难点： 在写作中自然嵌入动词 - ing 结构提升文采，避免生硬堆砌；准确使用非谓语，区分谓语动词与非谓语。 思维难点： 由故事延伸到现实生活，引导学生联系自身，理解 “Life is beautiful” 不只指顺境，平凡与坚守同样美好。 1、 单词填空 1. 赋予生命意义____________________ 2.一个有用的人 ____________________ 2. 对我们影响深远 ____________________4.过上有意义的生活____________________ 5. 人生经验教训____________________ 6.在恶劣环境中生存____________________ 6. 吸收……____________________ 8.迎风而立____________________ 9. 风过之后____________________ 10.继续前行____________________ 10. 全年保持翠绿____________________ 12.位于……后方____________________ 13. 一小块未开发的土地____________________14.挖掘地面____________________ 14. 几个月后____________________ 16.举办派对 ____________________ 17. 丰收时节____________________ 18.发挥领导作用____________________ 18. 提炼石油____________________ 20.关于……的独特之处 ____________________ 21. 在空中____________________ 22.吸引众人注意____________________ 22. 挖掘出来____________________ 24.将果实埋入地下____________________ 25. 通过行动传达信息____________________ 26.结出果实 ____________________ 26. 彻夜长谈____________________ 28.……的用途 ____________________ 29. 从容不迫地等待____________________ 40.其余部分____________________ 30. 隐藏的宝藏____________________ 31.榜样人物____________________ 32.完全失聪____________________ 33.专注于目标____________________ 【答案】 1.give life meaning2.a useful person3.influence us greatly4.live a meaningful life 5.ife lessons6.survive in hard conditions.7.take in8.break in the wind 9.after the wind passes10.carry on 11.stay green all year round12. at the back of13.a small piece of unused land.14.dig up the ground 15.in a couple of months,16.have a party17. have a harvest18.take the lead 19.make oil 20.one special thing about 21.in the air22.attract sb with 23.dig out 24.hide its fruits in the earth.25.tell sth by doing26.bear fruit 27. talk late into the night 28. the uses of 29.take your time 40.the rest of 30.a hidden treasure 31.a role model for 32.completely deaf 33.keep our eyes on our goals 2、 翻译 1. 要赋予生命意义，就必须拥有超越个人的崇高目标。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. 它极其坚固，即便是台风也无法轻易将其破坏。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. 我们可以像竹子一样坚韧不拔，直到艰难时刻过去。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. 松树也是如此。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. 松树提醒我们在艰难时刻要保持坚强与希望。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 6. 若寒冬来临，春天岂会遥不可及？ ___________________________________________________________________________ 7. 如此浪费实在可惜。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 8. 谁能告诉我花生究竟有什么益处？ ___________________________________________________________________________ 9. 与苹果、桃子不同——它们的果实悬于空中，以绚丽色彩吸引人们注意；而花生植株则将果实深埋地下。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 10. 在将其挖出之前，仅凭观察其细茎无法判断是否结果。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 11. 您的意思是，与实际用途相比，他人的关注与赞誉并不那么重要吗？ ___________________________________________________________________________ 12. 这正是我的意思，也是我对您提出的要求。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 13. 父亲的话至今仍清晰地留在我的记忆中。 ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 1．To give life meaning, one must have a purpose larger than oneself. 2．It’s so strong that even a typhoon cannot easily break it. 3．We can carry on like the bamboo till the hard time passes. 4.The same is true of pine trees. 5.Pine trees remind us to stay strong and hopeful during hard times. 6.If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind? 7.“It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that 8.Who can tell me what peanuts are good for? 9.Unlike apples and peaches that show their fruits in the air and attract people with their beautiful colours, the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth. 10. Until you dig it out, you can’t tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not.” 11.“Do you mean compared with usefulness, attention and praise from others is not that important? 12. “This is what I mean. And this is what I expect of you. 13. Father’s words remain clear in my memory to this day Welcome to the unit 一、重点单词解析 1.survive /səˈvaɪv/v. 生存；存活；幸存 名词：survival n. 生存； 幸存者 survivor 搭配：survive in hard conditions 在恶劣环境中存活 survive 全面用法（中考 / 高中核心考点） vi.（不及物） & vt.（及物） 核心词义 vi. 生存；存活；艰难度日 vt. 从…… 幸存；幸免于；比…… 活得久 重点语法 1. 及物动词：survive + 灾难 / 事故 / 危险 ⚠️ 不加介词 from！不要说 survive from the accident（错误）✅ survive the fire 从火灾中幸存✅ survive the crash 在空难中活下来✅ survive the war 熬过战争例句：Only a few people survived the earthquake.只有少数人在地震中幸存。 2. 不及物动词：survive (on sth) 靠…… 活下去 搭配：survive on + 食物 / 金钱例句：They survive on very little water.他们靠极少的水维持生命。 3. survive sb 比某人长寿 ✅ He survived his wife by ten years.他比妻子多活了十年。 常见易错辨析 错误：survive from the flood✅ 正确：survive the flood survive 本身 =“幸免于”，自带 “从…… 活下来” 含义，不需要 from 表示 “幸存下来”，被动很少用；不用 be survived 拓展短语 & 句型 survive through … 熬过（艰难时期）She survived through the hard times.她熬过了艰难岁月。 manage to survive 设法活下来 ▶配套小题：Few plants can ______ (survival) in the desert. 答案：survive 2.condition /kənˈdɪʃn/n. 条件；环境；状况 复数 conditions（多指环境、形势） 搭配：hard/tough conditions 恶劣环境；living conditions 生活条件 两大词性：n. 名词 /v. 动词 一、名词 n.（考得最多） 含义 1：状况；状态（人 / 物健康、好坏） ✅ 不可数搭配：in good condition 状态良好in bad/poor condition 状态糟糕in perfect condition 完好无损out of condition 身体欠佳；状态不好⚠️ 辨析：condition（内在状态） vs situation（外部形势） The car is in good condition. 车子车况很好。 The economic situation is difficult. 经济形势严峻。 含义 2：条件；前提（可数名词 conditions） 常用搭配：on condition that + 从句 条件是；只要（中考重点连词短语）on one condition 有一个条件under these conditions 在这些条件下meet/satisfy the conditions 满足条件例句：I will help you on condition that you study hard.只要你努力学习，我就帮你。 含义 3：环境；客观情况（多用复数 conditions） working conditions 工作环境living conditions 生活条件weather conditions 气候条件 💡区分单复数简易口诀：单数 condition → 状态；复数 conditions → 条件、环境 ▶小题：Plants can live in terrible ______ (condition). 答案：conditions 3. tough /tʌf/adj. 艰苦的；恶劣的；坚强的 同义：difficult, hard in tough conditions 在恶劣环境下 ▶小题：We should keep hopeful in ______ (toughly) times. 答案：tough 4. easily /ˈiːzɪli/adv. 容易地 形容词 easy； 动词 ease ▶小题：The bamboo cannot ______ (easy) break. 答案：easily 5. remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/v. 提醒；使想起 核心搭配：remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某物 ▶小题：The tree reminds me ______ my childhood. 答案：of 6. hopeful /ˈhəʊpfl/adj. 充满希望的 词根 hope n.&v. 希望； 反义词 hopeless adj. 无望的 搭配：stay hopeful 保持满怀希望 ▶小题：We should be ______ (hope) during difficult times. 答案：hopeful 7. poet /ˈpəʊɪt/n. 诗人 拓展：poem n. 诗歌；poetry n. 诗歌（总称） ▶小题：Shelley was a famous British ______ (poet). 答案：poet 8. purpose /ˈpɜːpəs/n. 目标；意义，目的 课文：have a purpose 拥有目标 搭配：on purpose 故意地 ▶小题：Everyone needs a ______ (purpose) in life. 答案：purpose 9. unique /juˈniːk/adj. 独特的；独一无二的 ⚠本身含最高级含义，不能加 most 搭配：a unique existence 独特的存在 ▶小题：Every person is ______ (unique) in the world. 答案：unique 10. existence /ɪɡˈzɪstəns/n. 存在；生命 动词 exist v. 存在 ▶小题：Every life is a special ______ (exist). 答案：existence 11. positively /ˈpɒzətɪvli/adv. 积极地 形容词 positive； 反义词 negatively 搭配：live positively 积极生活 ▶小题：Try to face difficulties ______ (positive). 答案：positively 12. influence /ˈɪnfluəns/v.&n. 影响 搭配：influence sb.；have a great influence on sb. ▶小题：He ______ (influence) me greatly. 答案：influences /influenced 二、重点短语汇总 1.take in 吸收（水分、空气）；理解 课文：A cactus can take in water 仙人掌能够吸收水分 拓展：take in 收留；领会 ▶小题：Plants ______ ______ carbon dioxide.（吸收） 答案：take in take 高频短语汇总（中考核心，附考点、辨析、例句） 1、 基础必背 take care 小心，当心take care of = look after 照顾；照料▶ Please take care of my cat. 请照看我的猫。 take place 发生（无被动！ 重点陷阱）▶ The sports meeting will take place next week. take part in 参加（活动、比赛）✦辨析：join + 团体 / 人；join in + 小型活动 take off①（飞机）起飞 ②脱掉（衣物）▶ The plane took off on time. 飞机准时起飞。 take on 承担（工作）；雇佣 take up①开始从事（爱好）②占据（时间 / 空间）▶ He took up painting. 他开始画画。▶ The sofa takes up too much room. take away 拿走；夺走 take out 取出；带出 take down 记下；拆除 take back 收回（话语）；拿回 二、交通 / 出行类 take a bus/train/plane 乘坐公交 / 火车 / 飞机 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地▶ Mum took me to the park. 三、花费、时间相关 take sb. + 时间 + to do sth花费某人多长时间做某事▶ It takes me an hour to get to school. 四、观点、理解类 take notes 记笔记 take one’s advice 听从某人建议 take it easy 别紧张，放轻松 take seriously 认真对待take sth seriously 认真对待某事 take pride in = be proud of 为…… 感到自豪 五、易混难点短语 take over 接管，接手 take for 误以为take A for B 把 A 错当成 B take sides 偏袒，站队 take turns 轮流take turns to do /doing sth 轮流做某事 take action 采取行动 超级重要易错提醒 take place 不能用于被动语态❌ The accident was taken place.✅ The accident took place. take part in 参加活动；join 加入组织 take off 多义，阅读理解经常考双层含义 2. all year round 全年；一年四季 课文：Pine trees stay green all year round. ▶小题：The place is warm ______ ______ ______. 答案：all year round 3. the same is true of … …… 也是如此 ▶小题：The same ______ ______ of bamboo. 答案：is true 4. give up 放弃 give up doing sth. 课文：teaches us not to give up ▶小题：Never give up ______ (try) when you meet troubles. 答案：trying 5. carry on 坚持；继续 carry on doing sth. 坚持做某事 ▶小题：Let’s carry on ______ (work). 答案：working 6.live positively 积极生活 7.a unique existence 独特的存在 8.live a meaningful life 过有意义的生活 9.larger than oneself 超越自我 10.learn from 向…… 学习 三、重点语法点 知识点1： 宾语从句（本单元承接 U2 旧知，铺垫） 句型：Did you know (that) …? Did you know that plants can teach us a lot about life? that 引导陈述句宾语从句，无意义，口语中常省略；主句过去时，从句时态相应变化。 知识点2： so … that … 结果状语从句（中考高频） 结构：so + adj./adv. + that 从句 如此…… 以至于…… 课文：It’s so strong that even a typhoon cannot easily break it. 翻译：它十分坚韧，即使台风也不容易将它折断。 ▶配套小题： He is ______ tired ______ he wants to rest. 答案：so; that so that/ so..that/such ...that...的区别 1. so that （目的状语从句） 含义：为了，以便 结构：主句 + so that + 完整句子（目的） 从句常搭配情态动词：can /could/will /may He studies hard so that he can pass the exam. 他努力学习以便能通过考试。 ⚠️ 区分：so that 表目的；另外它也可引导结果（较少见，考试重点是目的） 2. so … that …（结果状语从句） 含义：如此…… 以至于…… ✅ 结构公式： ① so + 形容词 / 副词 + that 从句 She is so beautiful that everyone likes her.（so + 形容词） He runs so fast that no one can catch him.（so + 副词） ② so + many /much/few /little + 名词 + that （名词前数量词只能用 so，不能用 such） There are so many students that the room is crowded. 3. such … that …（结果状语从句） 含义：如此…… 以至于…… ✅ 结构公式： ① such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + that It is such a nice day that we want to go out. = The day is so nice that we want to go out. ② such + 形容词 + 复数名词 / 不可数名词 + that They are such lovely children that I love them. It is such bad weather that we stay home. 高频易错转换 such a/an + adj. + n. = so + adj. + a/an + n. such a clever boy = so clever a boy He is such a clever boy that… = He is so clever a boy that… 遇到 many/much/few/little（表数量）→ 只用 so so little money ✅ ｜ such little money ❌ 一句话快速记忆 so that = 为了（目的） so 盯形容词、副词；such 盯名词 看到 many/much/few/little，一律用 so 知识点3： 动词不定式作宾语补足语 teach/remind sb. not to do sth. 教 / 提醒某人不要做某事 It teaches us not to give up. ❌teach sb. not do ✅teach sb. not to do ▶小题：My mum reminds me ______ (not stay) up late. 答案：not to stay 知识点4： 比较级结构 larger than oneself 超越自我 比较级核心句型 a. A + be / 实义动词 + 比较级 + than + BA 比 B……He runs faster than me. b. 比较级 + and + 比较级 越来越……taller and taller 越来越高more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮 c. the + 比较级，the + 比较级 越……，就越……The more you read, the better you will be. d. 比较级 + than any other + 单数名词（同一范围内，最高级含义）Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. ⚠️ 易错：不同范围不用 otherChina is bigger than any city in Japan. much /a lot /far/even /still + 比较级修饰比较级！不能用 verymuch easier 容易得多even colder 甚至更冷 ✅ 修饰比较级词：much, far, a lot, a little, even❌ very, quite, so 不能修饰比较级 最高级核心句型 a. the + 最高级 + (in/of 范围)in + 地点 / 群体；of + 同类人 / 物Tom is the tallest in his class.Tom is the tallest of all the boys. b. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词最…… 之一（必考！名词复数）one of the most popular songs c. the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词第几……the second longest river 第二长河 知识点5： 让步状语 whether … or not Every life, whether great or not, is a unique existence. whether great or not = whether it is great or not 无论伟大与否 知识点6： 直接引语名言 “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” 冬天来了，春天还会远吗？（雪莱《西风颂》） 四、长难句详细解析 1.Did you know that plants can teach us a lot about life? 翻译：你知道植物可以教会我们许多人生道理吗？ 解析： 主句：Did you know；that 引导宾语从句； a lot 作宾语，about life 介词短语后置。 考点：宾语从句语序永远陈述语序。 2. It’s so strong that even a typhoon cannot easily break it. 翻译：它十分坚韧，就算台风也难以将它折断。 核心句型：so … that … 如此…… 以至于…… easily 副词修饰动词 break，不能用形容词 easy。 3.It teaches us not to give up when we face difficulties. We can carry on like the bamboo till the hard time passes. 翻译：它教会我们面对困境不要放弃。我们可以像竹子一样坚持下去，直到艰难的时光过去。 拆解：teach sb. not to do sth. 不定式宾补； when 引导时间状语从句； till 引导时间状语从句 carry 高频短语（中考核心） （1）carry out 执行；实施；完成 carry out the plan 执行计划 carry out an experiment 做实验 We will carry out the new rule soon. （2）carry on ① 继续；坚持（=go on） carry on (doing) sth. 继续做某事 Carry on working. 继续干活。 ② 开展；进行（活动、谈话） carry on a conversation 交谈 （3）carry off 赢得（奖项）；夺走；抢走 carry off the prize 获奖 （4）carry away ① 冲走；卷走 The flood carried away houses. ② 使着迷；失去理智（常用被动 be carried away） Don’t get carried away. 别得意忘形。 （5）carry with sb. 心中铭记；随身携带 carry memories with me 铭记回忆 （6）carry through 完成；坚持到底；使渡过难关 carry the plan through 将计划贯彻到底 （7）carry about / carry around 随身携带 carry a bag around 随身带包 （8）carry forward 推进；发扬（书面） carry forward the spirit 发扬精神 4. The same is true of pine trees. They stay green all year round, even in the cold winter. 翻译：松树也是如此。它们一年四季常青，即便在寒冷的冬天。 固定句型：The same is true of … …… 同样适用。 5.Pine trees remind us to stay strong and hopeful during hard times. 翻译：松树提醒我们在艰难岁月里保持坚强、心怀希望。 搭配：remind sb. to do sth.；strong and hopeful 并列形容词作表语。 6.As the poet Shelley wrote, “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” 翻译：正如诗人雪莱所写：“冬天来了，春天还会远吗？” 解析：as 引导方式状语从句，正如；直接引语。 7.To give life meaning, one must have a purpose larger than oneself. 翻译：想要赋予生命意义，人必须拥有超越自我的目标。 语法：To give life meaning 动词不定式放句首作目的状语；larger than oneself 形容词比较级后置定语，修饰 purpose。 8.Every life, whether great or not, is a unique existence in this world. 翻译：每一个生命，无论伟大与否，都是世间独一无二的存在。 解析：whether great or not 省略结构作插入语；主干 Every life is a unique existence。 9. Let’s learn from different forms of life and try to live positively. 翻译：让我们向不同形态的生命学习，努力积极地生活。 句型：let’s do；and 并列两个动词 learn & try；positively 副词修饰动词 live。 五．综合巩固练习题。 一、词形转换 1.Few animals can ______ (survival) in such tough conditions. 答案：survive 2.The photo reminds me of my ______ (hope) childhood. 答案：hopeful 3.We should face all problems ______ (positive). 答案：positively 4.Bamboo is so strong that people ______ (easy) break it.（否定含义） 答案：cannot easily 5.Every life has its ______ (exist) and value. 答案：existence 二、单项选择 1.The tree reminds me ______ my grandma. A. to B. of C. for 答案：B 2.He is ______ busy ______ he has no time to rest. A. so; that B. such; that 答案：A 3.My teacher taught me ______ give up when facing difficulties. A. not to B. to not C. don’t 答案：A 4.Cactuses can take ______ water in dry deserts. A. out B. in C. off 答案：B Reading 一、重点单词解析。 1.unused /ˌʌnˈjuːzd/adj. 未使用的，闲置的 词根 use v./n. 使用；前缀 un - 表否定 课文：a small piece of unused land 一小块闲置土地 ▶小题：We can make good use of the ______ (use) space. 答案：unused 2. pity /ˈpɪti/n.【C】遗憾，可惜 固定句型：It’s a pity to do sth. 做某事很可惜 课文：It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that. 一、词性：名词 n. & 动词 v. ✅ 名词（考试重中之重） a.遗憾的事；可惜的事（可数，常 a pity） 固定句型： It’s a pity (that)… 真可惜……（that 可省略，从句常用陈述语气）▶ It’s a pity (that) you can’t come.你不能来真是遗憾。 What a pity! 真可惜！（口语高频） B.同情；怜悯（不可数） 搭配：have/take pity on sb 同情某人▶ We should have pity on the poor children.我们应该同情这些贫困孩子。out of pity 出于同情 ⚠️ 区分：a pity → 一件可惜的事（可数）pity → 同情（不可数，不加 a） ❌ 错误：It’s pity.✅ 正确：It’s a pity. 二、动词 v. 同情；怜悯 pity sb 同情某人（及物动词，直接加宾语）▶ I pity him. 我同情他。 📌 拓展短语 feel pity for sb = have pity on sb 同情某人 More’s the pity. 那就更可惜了（阅读偶尔出现） 三、易混辨析 pity /sorry pity（名词）：遗憾、同情 sorry（形容词）：感到抱歉、难过▶ What a pity!（事情可惜）▶ I’m sorry.（我感到抱歉） ▶小题：It’s a pity ______ (miss) the party. 答案：to miss 3. dig /dɪɡ/v. 挖；掘 过去式 / 过去分词：dug；dug 搭配：dig up the ground 翻地；dig out 挖出 ▶小题：They ______ (dig) up the soil to grow peanuts. 答案：dug 4. harvest /ˈhɑːvɪst/n.&v. 收获；收成 课文：we had a harvest！我们迎来了丰收 ▶小题：Farmers have a good ______ (harvest) every autumn. 答案：harvest 5. celebrate /ˈselɪbreɪt/v. 庆祝 名词：celebration n. 庆祝活动 ▶小题：We held a ______ (celebrate) for the harvest. 答案：celebration 6. afford /əˈfɔːd/v. 买得起；承担得起 搭配：afford to do sth.（常与 can/could/be able to 连用） 课文：Almost everyone can afford to buy peanuts. ▶小题：I can’t afford ______ (buy) such an expensive bike. 答案：to buy 7. unlike /ʌnˈlaɪk/prep. 和…… 不同；不像（反义词 like） 课文：Unlike apples and peaches… ▶小题：______ his brother, he is quiet. 答案：Unlike 8. attract /əˈtrækt/v. 吸引 形容词：attractive adj. 吸引人的；诱人的 课文：attract people with their beautiful colours ▶小题：The flowers are very ______ (attract). 答案：attractive 9. stem /stem/n. 茎；枝干 thin stem 细细的枝干 10. bear /beə(r)/v. 结（果实）；承受；忍受 过去式 bore；过去分词 borne/born 搭配：bear fruit 结果实（课文核心搭配） ▶小题：The tree ______ (bear) lots of apples every year. 答案：bears 11. compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/v. 比较 搭配：compare A with B 将 A 与 B 对比 课文：compared with usefulness ▶小题：If you ______ this car with that one, you will find the difference. 答案：compare 12. expect /ɪkˈspekt/v. 期待；期望 搭配：expect sth. of sb. 对某人抱有某种期待（课文重点） 课文：This is what I expect of you. ▶小题：Parents expect too much ______ their children sometimes. 答案：of 13. memory /ˈmeməri/n. 记忆；回忆 复数 memories；in memory 在记忆中 ▶小题：The words stay clear in my ______ (memory). 答案：memory 二、重点短语汇总。 1.a small piece of unused land 一小块闲置土地 2.go to waste 被浪费掉 ▶小题：Don’t let the food ______ ______ waste. 答案：go to 3. a couple of 几个；一对（后接可数名词复数） ▶小题：I will be back in ______ ______ ______ days.（几天之后） 答案：a couple of 4.dig up the ground 翻地 5.have a harvest 获得丰收 6.take the lead 率先发言；带头 课文：my sister took the lead. 7.be good for… 对…… 有用；有益于 8.dig sth. out 挖出某物（被动：be dug out） 9.compared with 和…… 相比（作状语，固定搭配） ▶小题：______ ______ him, you are luckier. 答案：Compared with 10.expect sth. of sb. 对某人寄予期待 11.talk late into the night 交谈到深夜 12.to this day 直到今天 三、核心语法要点 知识点1： 宾语从句 what peanuts are good for（宾语从句，陈述语序） This is what I expect of you.（what 引导表语从句） ✅规则：名词性从句一律陈述语序 知识点2： though/although 引导让步状语从句 原文：It’s useful, though not very attractive. 完整句：It’s useful, though (it is) not very attractive. ⚠though/although 不能同时和 but 连用 知识点3： “疑问词 + whether 从句” 宾语从句 you can’t tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not. 结构：tell + whether…or not 分辨是否…… 知识点4： 动名词作介词宾语 by looking at…（by 介词后面 + doing） 知识点5： 不定式固定句型 It’s a pity to do sth. 做某事很可惜 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 知识点6： 分词短语作状语 Compared with usefulness, attention is not that important. compared with 固定短语，作状语（必考） 四、长难句详细解析 1.It’s a pity to let it go to waste like that. ✅翻译：就这样任由它荒着实在可惜。 句型：It is a pity to do sth. it 形式主语，真正主语 to let it go to waste。 2. We began buying seeds, digging up the ground and watering the plants. 翻译：我们开始买种子、翻地、给作物浇水。 解析：begin 后并列三组动名词 buying /digging/watering，并列宾语。 3. Unlike apples and peaches that show their fruits in the air and attract people with their beautiful colours, the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth. 翻译：苹果、桃子把果实挂在枝头，用艳丽的色彩吸引人们；花生却不一样，它把果实埋在泥土里。 结构拆分： Unlike apples and peaches 介词短语作状语； that show…and attract… 定语从句，修饰 apples and peaches； 主句：the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth. 4. Until you dig it out, you can’t tell by looking at its thin stem whether it bears fruit or not. 翻译：除非你把它挖出来，否则光看细细的枝干，无法判断它有没有结果。 考点：not…until 变形；whether…or not 宾语从句；by + doing 方式状语。 tell 表示「区分、辨别」 核心固定搭配（必考） 1. tell A from B 区分 A 和 B；辨别 A 与 B（最常用）公式：tell + A + from + B▶ Can you tell the twin sisters from each other?你能分清这对双胞胎姐妹吗？ 2. tell the difference between A and B 辨别 A、B 两者的区别▶ I can’t tell the difference between the two pictures.我看不出这两张图片的区别。 3. tell A and B apart 区分 A 与 B▶ It’s hard to tell the two cats apart.很难分清这两只猫。 三组同义转换tell A from B = tell A and B apart = tell the difference between A and B ⚠️高频易错点 否定场景最多！常搭配 can /could not tell… 分不清……I can’t tell right from wrong. 我分不清是非。 介词不能乱换❌ tell A with B✅ tell A from B apart 副词位置：tell + 对象 + apart❌ tell apart A and B✅ tell A and B apart 📌拓展：tell 其他易混短语（顺带复习） tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事tell a story 讲故事tell lies 说谎tell the truth 说实话 中考真题例句填空 It’s difficult to tell the fake ______ the real one. 答案：from Can you tell the two birds ______? 答案：apart 辨析拓展 compare（对比） VS tell（辨别、分清） compare A with B 把 A 和 B 对比（寻找异同） tell A from B 分清、辨别两者 5. It’s useful, though not very attractive. 翻译：它很有用，虽然外表并不引人注目。 省略句：though (it is) not very attractive；让步状语。 6. “Do you mean,” I asked, “compared with usefulness, attention and praise from others is not that important?” 翻译：我问道：“您的意思是，比起有用，别人的关注和赞扬并没有那么重要吗？” 解析：compared with 固定状语短语；attention 不可数名词，谓语用 is。 compare 中考核心用法 词性：动词 v. 两大核心搭配 1. compare A with B 把 A 和 B 对比（找出异同、差别）▶ If you compare this phone with that one, you will find many differences.如果你把这部手机和那部对比，你会发现很多区别。 2. compare A to B 把 A 比作 B（比喻）▶ People often compare life to a journey.人们常把人生比作一场旅行。 💡简易区分口诀：with 对比；to 比喻 ✅被动形式（考试经常考） be compared with… 被拿来和…… 对比be compared to… 被比作…… Life is compared to a river. 人生被比作一条河流。 This model is compared with the old one.这款模型被和旧版本对比。 📌拓展短语 compare notes 交流看法、交换意见（阅读短语） compared with/to… 【固定状语】与…… 相比⚠️ 高频！作状语两种介词通用，放在句首 / 句尾✅ Compared with/to last year, we have made greater progress.与去年相比，我们取得了更大进步。 派生词 comparison n. 比较（你刚才词汇填空出现过！）make a comparison 进行比较in comparison with 和…… 相比 comparative adj. 比较的；相对的 易错点汇总 不要混淆介词 to /with 的本义（比喻 vs 对比） compared 作状语固定用过去分词，不能写 comparing！❌ Comparing with him, I have more free time.✅ Compared with him, I have more free time. 7. This is what I expect of you. 翻译：这就是我对你们的期望。 语法：what 引导表语从句，what 在从句内作 expect 宾语（写作高分句型）。 expect 必考搭配（重中之重） 1.expect to do sth 期待 / 预计做某事✅ I expect to pass the exam.我预计能通过考试。❌ expect doing（错误！） 2.expect sb. to do sth 期望某人做某事（最高频考点）Parents expect us to study hard.父母期望我们努力学习。 3.expect + that 从句 预料……；认为……（that 可省略）I expect (that) he will come soon.我预料他很快就到。 4.expect sth. 期待某物We expect good news. 我们期待好消息。 📌拓展短语 1.as expected 不出所料As expected, he won the game.不出所料，他赢得了比赛。 2.than expected 比预想的……The task is harder than expected.任务比预想更难。 派生词 expectation n. 期待；期望beyond expectation 出乎意料 unexpected adj. 意外的（阅读高频）unexpected news 意外消息 超级易错辨析 expect VS hope expect sb to do ✅ hope sb to do ❌（绝对错误！）✅ hope that 从句 /hope to do 总结：可以说 expect sb to do不能说 hope sb to do expect VS look forward to expect to do 预计、期待（侧重心里预料、等待） look forward to doing sth 热切盼望（to 是介词，后面 + doing）▶ I look forward to seeing you.▶ I expect to see you. 易混例句对比 ✅ I expect him to arrive on time. 我期待他准时到达。❌ I hope him to arrive on time.✅ I hope (that) he will arrive on time. 五、综合巩固练习题。 （一）．词形转换 1. It’s a pity ______ (waste) such good land. 答案：to waste 2. The apple tree ______ (bear) lots of fruit every year. 答案：bears 3. ______ (compare) with cities, villages are quieter. 答案：Compared 4. The treasure waits ______ (dig) out. 答案：to be dug out 5. Flowers are ______ (attract) because of bright colours. 答案：attractive （二）单项选择 1.Parents expect too much ______ their children. A. to B. of C. for 答案：B 2.______ apples, peanuts hide fruit underground. A. Like B. Unlike C. Without 答案：B 3.I can’t afford ______ such an expensive gift. A. buy B. to buy C. buying 答案：B 4.It ______ a great pity if you miss the chance. A. is B. were C. be 答案：A 一、词汇运用 1. Whether it’s choosing a snack or a new phone, ______(比较) helps us pick the best option for our needs. 2. Our school decided to turn the ______(未用过的) classroom on the second floor into a modern art studio for creative students. 3. The city park became very ______(有吸引力) to tourists after the local government planted thousands of colourful flowers along the paths. 4. Doctors warned that working in such dirty ______(状态) could cause serious health problems for the factory workers in the future. 5. With enough sunlight and water, the lemon trees in our garden will soon ______(结果实) fresh fruit for everyone to enjoy. 答案：1.comparison 2.unused 3.attractive 4.conditions 5.bear 二、单项选择 1. Do you find yourself getting impatient or ______ with people over unimportant things? A. bored B. boring C. tiring D. angrily 2.(2024 无锡江阴一模) At first, Mr Dong didn’t expect that his new programme ______ so much praise. A. will receive B. would receive C. has received D. had received 3.—The old man lives ______, so he may feel ______. —We should visit him twice a month. A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone D. lonely; lonely 4.(2026 扬州江都期末) Many ancient Chinese traditions still ______ alive in rural villages, even as modern life continues to develop rapidly. A. remain B. become C. seem D. leave 5.(2026 南通海门期末) —It is said that an unknown snailfish ______ below the surface of the Pacific Ocean. —Really? The snailfish reminds us of how much we haven’t known about life on earth. A. will discover B. have discovered C. discovered D. was discovered 【答案】1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.D 三、阅读理解。 Why Do Older People Get Shorter? (2026天津中考)You’re now growing taller each year. But did you know most people start to get s1_______ little by little after 30? When you are 80, you would be 5~6 cm shorter. Here comes an interesting question. W2_______. gets shorter so much in your body? Go on reading and you can f3_______.out the fact. It is your back (脊柱) that keeps you upright (直立的). There are 33 little bones (骨头). Between most of these bones are soft discs (椎间盘). The middle of these soft discs are like jelly (果冻), and are mainly made of water. As you get older, these discs lose water slowly. They b4_______. a little thinner. There are usually 23 discs, and they are as high as 1/4 of your back. As a result, when e5_______. of them gets shorter a little bit, you get shorter. Older people’s muscles (肌肉) a6_______ get smaller and weaker, their bones get thinner and the spaces between the bones get smaller. Together, this can change your h7_______.. There’s another f8_______. that you may not realise. Even when you are y9_______, you get shorter over the day. You are actually tallest when you w10._______ up in the morning. You lose up to 2.5cm in less than 3 hours after getting out of bed. So, if you really want to be the tallest you can be, try to measure (测量) how tall you are just after you get out of bed in the morning. 【答案】1. shorter 2. What 3. find 4. become 5. each 6. also 7. height 8. fact 9. young 10. wake 四、首字母填空。 My father is a knowledgeable and hard-working scientist who deeply loves researching the secrets of nature. He is a 1. g____ from a famous university and has chosen to serve the country and people with his professional knowledge. He has been working in this field for more than twenty years and has won many 2. p____ for his work. He devotes most of his time to his work and often stays late in his lab to study the living conditions of plants and the environment. Many people are amazed at his strong patience and his efforts in 3. s____ difficult problems. He has a special room to 4. h____ all kinds of research samples, old books and valuable stamp collections. On weekends, he sometimes shows me his stamps and tells me interesting stories behind them. My mother, his beloved 5. w____, and I, his only daughter, always understand and support him. We often read a meaningful 6. p____ from his book or diary together after dinner. He teaches us not to judge things easily and encourages us to 7. m____ up our minds and hold on to our dreams. He hopes to 8. c____ his whole life to science and help more people in need. He also tries to digitalize his early research records to make them easier to share. He cares about social 9. p____ like overtourism and keeps studying how to protect the environment. He believes that small actions can make a big 10. d____ to our world. I am truly proud of my father and regard him as my best example in my life. 【答案】1.graduate 2.prizes 3.solving 4.hold 5.wife 6.passage 7.make 8.contribute 9.problems 10.differences 1．本节课核心知识（结合课堂知识总结）：_________________________________________________ 2．今日错题 / 不懂的内容：_______________________________________________________________ 3．出错 / 听不懂的原因：□概念不会 □审题马虎 □思路没掌握 □其他__ ______________________ 4．我的改进小计划： _________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $