Unit 1 Staying healthy（知识清单）英语新教材冀教版九年级上册

该初中英语“Staying healthy”单元知识清单系统梳理了健康主题的核心内容，涵盖身体状态、饮食、心态等六类分类词汇，动词、介词等短语，询问与建议类交际句型，情态动词等语法及写作指导，搭建从基础积累到综合应用的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类分级呈现知识体系，如词汇按场景细分、短语标注功能类型，结合易错点助记口诀（如“stay后接形容词表保持”）和语法对比训练（如should/must语气区分），培养语言能力与思维品质。设计写作框架模板和真题微技能指导，不同学生可高效掌握要点，教师能据此设计分层教学，提升课堂实效。

Unit 1 Staying healthy 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、身体状态与病痛： 1.ache (疼痛；疼) My head aches badly after staying up late.（熬夜后我头疼得厉害。） 2.fever (发烧) She had a high fever and stayed in bed all day.（她发高烧，卧床一整天。） 3.stomachache (胃痛) Eating too much junk food causes stomachache.（吃太多垃圾食品会胃痛。） 4.sore (疼痛的；酸痛的) I have a sore throat from shouting.（我喊得嗓子疼。） 5.weak (虚弱的)You will feel weak if you don’t eat enough vegetables.（不吃足够蔬菜你会虚弱无力。） 6. tired (疲惫的) Working overtime makes me tired every night.（加班让我每晚都很累。） 二、健康饮食相关 1.vegetable (蔬菜) We should eat different vegetables every day.（我们每天要吃不同蔬菜。） 2.fruit (水果) Fresh fruit provides lots of vitamins.（新鲜水果富含维生素。） 3.protein (蛋白质) Eggs and milk are rich in protein.（鸡蛋和牛奶富含蛋白质。） 4.junk food (垃圾食品) Try to stay away from junk food like chips.（尽量远离薯片这类垃圾食品。） 5.balanced (均衡的) A balanced diet keeps us strong.（均衡饮食让我们强壮。） 6. snack (零食) Too many snacks are bad for your body.（零食吃太多对身体不好。） 三、心态与情绪 1. positive (积极的；乐观的) Stay positive when you meet difficulties.（遇到困难保持乐观。） 2. relaxed(放松的) Listening to music makes you relaxed.（听音乐能让你放松。） 3. upset (心烦的) Don’t get upset about small things.（别为小事心烦。） 4. confident (自信的) Being positive makes you more confident.（心态乐观会让你更自信。） 5. calm(平静的) Take deep breaths to keep calm.（深呼吸保持平静。） 6. worried(焦虑的) Many students feel worried before exams.（很多学生考前感到焦虑。） 四、不良习惯 & 危害健康物品 1. smoke (吸烟；烟) Smoking hurts your lungs seriously.（吸烟严重损伤肺部。） 2. cigarette (香烟) We must refuse cigarettes at any time.（我们任何时候都要拒绝香烟。） 3. alcohol (酒精) Teenagers shouldn’t drink alcohol.（青少年不应该饮酒。） 4. lazy (懒惰的) Being lazy leads to poor health.（懒惰会导致身体素质变差。） 5. stress (压力) Too much stress is bad for mental health.（过大压力不利于心理健康。） 6. polluted (被污染的) Polluted air makes people sick easily.（污染的空气容易让人生病。） 五、保健行为 & 康复相关 1. recover (康复；恢复) It takes one week to recover from a cold.（感冒需要一周才能痊愈。） 2. exercise (锻炼) Daily exercise improves your recovery rate.（每日锻炼提升你的恢复速度。 3. rest (休息) You need enough rest after illness.（生病后你需要充足休息。） 4. breathe (呼吸) Breathe slowly to reduce stress.（缓慢呼吸缓解压力。） 5. sleep (睡眠) Eight hours’ sleep is necessary for teens.（青少年需要八小时睡眠。） 6. treat (治疗) The doctor treated his sore throat quickly.（医生很快治好了他的喉咙痛。） 六、健康理念名词 1. recovery rate (恢复速度；康复率) His recovery rate is faster because he exercises often.（他经常锻炼，康复速度更快。） 2. mental health (心理健康) Staying positive protects our mental health.（保持乐观守护心理健康。） 3. physical health(身体健康) Healthy eating improves physical health. （健康饮食提升身体素质。） 4.health concept (健康观念) We share common health concepts with our families. （我们和家人拥有共通的健康理念。） 6.nutrition (营养) Different food has different nutrition.（不同食物含有不同营养。） 7.lifestyle (生活方式) A healthy lifestyle keeps you away from illness. （健康生活方式让你远离疾病。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. have a fever (发烧) My little brother had a fever last night.（我弟弟昨晚发烧了。） 2. stay positive (保持乐观) We should stay positive no matter what happens. （无论发生什么我们都要保持乐观。） 3.stay away from (远离) We must stay away from smoking and alcohol. （我们必须远离烟酒。） 4.take exercise (锻炼身体) I take exercise for half an hour every morning. （我每天早上锻炼半小时。） 5.have a balanced diet (均衡饮食) Doctors advise us to have a balanced diet. （医生建议我们均衡饮食。） 6.give up smoking (戒烟) My father decided to give up smoking last month.（我爸爸上个月决定戒烟。） 7.deal with stress (应对压力) Reading is a good way to deal with stress.（阅读是应对压力的好方法。） 8. recover from illness (从疾病中康复) He recovered from the flu in three days.（他三天就从流感中康复了。） 二、介词短语 1.in poor health (身体不好) If you never exercise, you will be in poor health.（从不锻炼的话你会身体很差。） 2. in good shape (身体健康；状态良好) Regular exercise keeps you in good shape.（规律锻炼让你身体状态良好。） 3. under stress (承受压力) Many teenagers are under great study stress.（很多青少年承受巨大学习压力。） 4. without enough sleep (缺乏睡眠) Without enough sleep, you will feel weak all day. （缺乏睡眠，你一整天都会虚弱乏力。） 5.according to (根据) According to the lesson, positive feelings help us stay healthy. （根据课文，积极情绪有助健康。） 6. for example (例如) Many bad habits, for example smoking, hurt our bodies.（很多坏习惯，例如吸烟，会伤害身体。） 三、固定搭配短语 1.recovery rate (康复速度；恢复率) The doctor talked about his recovery rate in the report. （医生在报告里提到了他的康复速度。） 2.mental health (心理健康) Talking with friends is good for mental health. （和朋友聊天有益于心理健康。） 3.common health concepts (共通健康理念) We share common health concepts with people around us.（我们和身边人拥有共通的健康理念。） 4. sore throat (喉咙痛) I drank warm water to cure my sore throat.（我喝温水缓解喉咙痛。） 5. junk food (垃圾食品) Stop eating junk food if you want to keep fit.（想保持健康就别吃垃圾食品。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问身体状况： 1.How are you feeling today?（你今天感觉怎么样？） 2. What’s wrong with you?（你哪里不舒服？） 3. Do you have a fever or stomachache?（你发烧还是胃痛？） 4. How long have you felt weak?（你虚弱多久了？） 5. Does your throat still hurt?（你的喉咙还疼吗？） 6. Have you taken any medicine yet?（你吃药了吗？） 二、提出健康建议： 1.You should keep a balanced diet every day.（你应该每天均衡饮食。） 2. It’s important for you to stay positive when you feel upset.（心烦时保持乐观很重要。） 3. You’d better stay away from cigarettes and junk food.（你最好远离香烟和垃圾食品。） 4. Why not take exercise to improve your recovery rate?（为什么不锻炼来提升康复速度？） 5. You need at least eight hours of sleep every night.（你每晚至少需要八小时睡眠。） 6. Don’t get too stressed about your schoolwork.（不要为学业过度焦虑。） 三、谈论健康理念与习惯 1.Being happy is the key to being healthy.（开心是健康的关键。） 2. We all share common health concepts about diet and exercise.（我们在饮食和锻炼上有着共通的健康理念。） 3. Smoking does great harm to your lungs and heart.（吸烟对你的心肺伤害极大。） 4. Staying positive can speed up your recovery rate.（保持乐观能加快你的康复速度。） 5. A healthy lifestyle includes good eating habits and enough rest.（健康生活方式包含良好饮食习惯与充足休息。） 6. Too much stress will affect your physical and mental health.（过大压力会影响你的身心健康。） 语法 1.情态动词 should /had better /must 表建议、劝告、禁止 2.动名词作主语（Doing sth. is + adj. … 做某事是……） 3. 宾语从句（主句为一般现在时 / 一般过去时的时态变化） 写作 话题：保持健康的方法（介绍健康饮食、乐观心态、远离烟酒、规律锻炼等） 文体：说明文、倡议书、书信（给朋友提健康建议） 一、知识点精讲 1. recover v. 康复，恢复 【常用短语】recover from + 疾病 / 伤痛 从…… 中康复 例：He spent two weeks recovering from his stomachache.（他花了两周时间从胃痛中恢复。） 【词性转换】 recovery n. 康复；恢复 rate n. 速度 recovery rate 康复速度 例：The doctor said his recovery rate was much faster than others.（医生说他的康复速度比其他人快很多。） 2. stay 系动词 保持（后接形容词） 【核心搭配】 ①stay positive 保持乐观； ②stay healthy 保持健康； ③stay away from 远离 例1 Stay calm when you are under stress.（压力大时保持冷静。） 例2 We should stay away from smoking all the time.（我们要一直远离吸烟。） 3.advise v. 建议 【常用短语】 ①advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 例：Doctors advise us to eat more fruit and vegetables.（医生建议我们多吃果蔬。） ②advise doing sth. 建议做某事 例：He advises taking exercise every day.（他建议每天锻炼。） ③advise (that) sb. (should) do sth. 从句虚拟语气（should 可省略） 例：The teacher advises that we (should) keep a balanced diet.（老师建议我们均衡饮食。） 4. harm n.&v. 伤害；危害 【常用短语】do harm to sb./sth. = harm sb./sth. 伤害…… 例：Smoking does great harm to your body. = Smoking harms your body greatly.（吸烟严重伤害身体。） 【词性拓展】 harmful adj 有害的 核心短语：be harmful to … 对…… 有害 例①Too much junk food is harmful to your health. 过多垃圾食品对你的健康有害。 例②Staying up late is harmful to teenagers. 熬夜对青少年有害。 5.deal with 处理；应对（stress 压力） 【同义短语】do with（常与 what 连用，deal with 常与 how 连用） 例：I don’t know how to deal with my study stress.（我不知道如何应对学习压力。） 6.enough 用法 足够的 / 地 【位置】 形容词 / 副词后，名词前 例①enough sleep 充足睡眠； 例②sleep well enough 睡得足够好 例③You need enough rest to recover fast.（你需要充足休息快速康复。） 7.give v. 给；给予；赠送；付出；举办 【变形】过去式 gave，过去分词 given 【常用短语】 ① give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 例：My deskmate gave me a useful physics notebook yesterday.（昨天我的同桌给了我一本实用的物理笔记本。） ② give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 例：You shouldn’t give up practicing speaking English every morning.（你不该放弃每天早上练习英语口语。） ③ give in (to sb./sth.) （向……）屈服、让步 例：We will never give in to any difficulty in our study.（我们永远不会向学习中的任何困难低头。） ④ give away 赠送；泄露（秘密） 例：He gave away all his old storybooks to the poor kids in the village. （他把所有旧故事书都赠送给村里的贫困孩子。） 例：Don’t give away our plan before the school talent show.（校园才艺秀开始前不要泄露我们的方案。） ⑤ give out 分发；（体力、物资）耗尽；发出（光 / 信号） 例：Our monitor gave out the exam papers before class started.（上课前班长分发了试卷。） 例：After running for two hours, my strength gave out completely.（跑了两小时后，我的体力彻底耗尽了。） ⑥ give back 归还；回馈 例：Please give back my dictionary after you finish using it.（用完字典后请还给我。） ⑦ give off 散发（气味、光、热量） 例：The roses give off a soft sweet smell in spring.（春天玫瑰散发出淡淡的清香。） 8.healthy adj. 健康的；有益健康的 【常用短语】 ① keep /stay healthy 保持健康 例；Taking exercise every day helps us stay healthy.（每天锻炼帮助我们保持健康。） ② It’s healthy for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人有益健康 例；It’s healthy for teenagers to sleep for nine hours every night.（青少年每晚睡九小时有益健康。） ③ healthy + 名词 健康的……（修饰名词） 例；We should form a healthy eating habit.（我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。） 【词性转换】 ① unhealthy adj. 不健康的（反义词） 例；Eating too much junk food is unhealthy for our bodies.（吃太多垃圾食品对我们身体不健康。） ② health n. 健康（名词形式） 固定搭配：in good health 身体健康； be bad for one’s health 对某人健康有害 例：My grandma is in good health although she is seventy.（我奶奶七十岁了，身体依旧康健。） ③healthily adv. 健康地（副词，修饰动词） 例：We should eat and sleep healthily every day.（我们每天都要健康饮食、规律作息。） 9. stress v. 使焦虑；强调 n. 压力；紧张 【常用短语】 ① stress sb. 使某人焦虑 例：Too much schoolwork stresses most middle school students.（过多的课业让大多数中学生感到焦虑。） ② stress sth. /stress that… 强调某事 例：The teacher stressed that we should finish homework on time.（老师强调我们要按时完成作业。） ③ under stress 在压力之下 例：Many teenagers feel upset under study stress.（很多青少年在学习压力下感到心烦。） ④ stress out （使）焦虑不堪 例：Don’t stress yourself out before exams.（考试前别把自己搞得过度焦虑。） 【词性转换】 ①stressed adj. 焦虑的；有压力的（修饰人） 例：He always feels stressed when there are lots of tests.（考试很多的时候他总觉得压力很大。） ②stressful adj. 令人紧张的；带来压力的（修饰事物） 例：Final exams are really stressful for Grade Nine students.（期末考试对九年级学生来说压力很大。） 10.confident adj. 自信的；有信心的 【常用短语】 ① be confident about sth. 对某事有信心 例：She is confident about the coming English speech competition.（她对即将到来的英语演讲比赛充满信心。） ② be confident to do sth. 有信心做某事 例：You will be confident to speak in public after more practice.（多加练习后，你会有信心当众发言。） ③ be confident that + 从句 确信…… 例：He is confident that he can pass all the final exams.（他确信自己能通过所有期末考试。） 【词性转换】 ①confidence n. 自信；信心 固定搭配：have confidence in sb./sth. 对某人 / 某事有信心 例：We all have confidence in our class team.（我们都对班级队伍充满信心。） ②confidently adv. 自信地 例：The little girl answered all the questions confidently.（这个小女孩自信地回答了所有问题。） 11.balance v. 平衡；使均衡 ； n. 平衡 【常用句型】 ① balance A and B 平衡 A 与 B 例：We should balance study and rest in our daily life.（我们在日常生活中要平衡学习和休息。） ② balance sth. on sth. 把某物平稳放在某物上 例：The little boy balanced a book on his head.（小男孩把一本书平稳顶在头上。） ③keep balance /keep a balance 保持平衡 例：It’s important to keep a balance between hobbies and schoolwork.（保持爱好和学业之间的平衡很重要。） ④lose one’s balance 失去平衡 He lost his balance and fell down on the playground.（他失去平衡，摔倒在操场上。） 【词性转换】 balanced adj. 均衡的；平衡的 常用 搭配：balanced diet 均衡饮食 例：Eating fruit and vegetables gives us a balanced diet.（吃蔬果能让我们拥有均衡的饮食。） 二、核心语法精讲 情态动词should /had better /must 1. should 应该（温和提建议） 例：You should eat less junk food. 你应该少吃垃圾食品。 否定：shouldn’t 不应该 例：You shouldn’t stay up late. 你不应该熬夜。 2. had better (’d better) 最好（强烈建议） 例：You’d better give up smoking. 你最好戒烟。 否定：had better not do 最好不要 例：You’d better not smoke at all. 你最好一点儿也不要抽烟。 3. must 必须（表强制、禁止）； 例：We must stay away from cigarettes.我们必须远离香烟。 否定：mustn’t 禁止 例：You mustn’t smoke in public places. 你禁止在公共场所吸烟。 动名词作主语 【结构】Doing sth. + be + 形容词 / 名词 … 做某事是…… 【例句】Staying positive is good for your mental health.（保持乐观有益于心理健康。） Eating a balanced diet keeps us strong.（均衡饮食让我们强壮。） 【拓展】It’s + adj. + to do sth. 同义转换= It is good for your mental health to stay positive. 宾语从句 1.主句一般现在时，从句时态随句意 例：I think smoking is a bad habit. 2.主句一般过去时，从句时态统一变为对应过去时态 例：He said he would give up smoking soon. 3.客观真理 / 不变健康常识，从句永远一般现在时 例：The doctor told us that smoking harms our lungs. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 写作主题：Staying healthy 保持健康 写作任务：向同学介绍保持健康的多种方式；写倡议书号召大家远离烟酒、健康生活；书信给焦虑的朋友提健康建议 核心要点：健康饮食、保持乐观心态、规律锻炼、远离烟酒、充足睡眠、正确应对压力；结合单元短语与句型，使用情态动词提建议，动名词开篇。 2.写作框架（三段式） 开头：点明健康的重要性，引出主题 中间：分点给出健康方法（饮食、心态、运动、远离坏习惯、睡眠） 结尾：总结呼吁，号召大家养成健康生活方式 3.写作素材 万能开头： Health is the most important thing for everyone. It’s necessary for us to know how to stay healthy. 中间分点句： First, we need a balanced diet. We should eat more fruit and vegetables and stay away from junk food.Second, staying positive is good for our mental health. Don’t get upset or worried easily.Third, take exercise every day to improve your recovery rate.Besides, we must stay away from smoking and alcohol. They do great harm to our bodies.Finally, we need enough sleep and learn to deal with stress properly. 万能结尾： If we keep these good habits, we will be in good shape all the time. 4.范文背诵 Advice on Staying Healthy Dear Tom, I heard you are always tired and worried these days. Here is some advice for you to stay healthy. First, you should have a balanced diet. Eat fresh fruit and vegetables every day and stay away from junk food. Second, stay positive when you feel upset. You can listen to music to relax yourself and deal with study stress well. Third, take exercise for 30 minutes every day. It can speed up your recovery rate if you feel weak. What’s more, you must stay away from smoking. It does great harm to your lungs. At last, you’d better sleep for eight hours every night; don’t stay up late. We share common health concepts, so I hope my advice can help you. Wish you good health! Yours, Li Hua 易错点 01 stay 系动词 vs 实义动词 【助记口诀】后接形容词表 “保持”，接地点表 “停留” 【错因辨析】 1. stay + 形容词（系动词）：保持某种状态 stay positive /stay healthy 2. stay + 地点副词 / 介词短语（实义动词）：停留、待在某地 stay at home 【易混错题】 学生容易错写 stay health（正确：stay healthy），系动词后必须接形容词。 【对点训练】 1.We should ______ (stay /staying) ______ (health /healthy) every day. 【答案】stay; healthy 【解析】 should 后接动词原形 stay；stay 作系动词后接形容词 healthy。 2.She ______ (stays /stay) ______ in the countryside on weekends. A. health B. happily C. happily 【答案】B 【解析】此处 stay 是实义动词 “停留”，用副词 happily 修饰动作。 易错点 02 recover /recovery 词性混淆 【助记口诀】动词 recover 表动作，名词 recovery 表事物 【错因辨析】 recover v. 康复；恢复； recovery n. 康复，恢复速度 recovery rate 康复率 易错：recover rate（错误），正确 recovery rate 【对点训练】 1.It takes him a long time ______ (recover) from the fever. 【答案】to recover 【解析】固定句型 It takes sb. time to do sth.，用动词不定式。 2.The doctor talks about his ______ (recover) rate in the report. 【答案】recovery 【解析】名词作定语修饰 rate，recovery rate 康复速度。 易错点 03 动名词作主语谓语单复数 【错因辨析】 动名词（doing）作主语，谓语动词永远用单数。 易错：Staying positive make us healthy.（错误） 正确：makes 【对点训练】 1.______ (Eat) too much junk food ______ (be) bad for your stomach. 【答案】Eating; is 【解析】动名词 Eating 作主语，谓语用单数 is。 2.______ (Stay) away from smoking ______ (keep) you in good shape. 【答案】Staying; keeps 【解析】动名词 Staying 作主语，谓语用单数 keeps。 易错点 04 mustn’t /shouldn’t 语气区分 【错因辨析】 shouldn’t：不应该（委婉劝告）； mustn’t：禁止，绝不允许（强制规定） 【对点训练】 1.You ______ smoke in the hospital. It’s against the rules. A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t 【答案】 B 【解析】医院禁止吸烟，语气强制用 mustn’t。 2.You ______ eat too many snacks before meals. It’s bad for diet. A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t 【答案】B 【解析】委婉劝告不应该饭前吃零食，用 shouldn’t。 一、根据提示写单词 1. I have a s______ throat, so I can’t speak loudly.（酸痛的） 【答案】sore 【解析】sore 形容词，意为 “酸痛的、疼痛的”，固定搭配 sore throat 喉咙痛。 2. You need enough rest to r______ from your illness.（康复） 【答案】recover 【解析】recover 动词，意为 “康复、恢复”；固定结构 recover from… 从…… 中康复；不定式 to 后用动词原形。 3. We should stay p______ when we meet troubles.（积极乐观的） 【答案】positive 【解析】positive 形容词，意为 “积极乐观的”；stay 此处为系动词，后接形容词，固定短语 stay positive 保持乐观。 4. S______ does great harm to our hearts and lungs.（吸烟） 【答案】Smoking 【解析】本句缺少主语，动词 smoke 作主语要变为动名词 Smoking；句首首字母大写，smoking 表示 “吸烟（行为）”。 5. A b______ diet with fruit and vegetables keeps us fit.（均衡的） 【答案】balanced 【解析】balanced 形容词，意为 “均衡的”；固定搭配 a balanced diet 均衡饮食，为本单元饮食重点短语。 6. Too much s______ makes teenagers feel worried every day.（压力） 【答案】stress 【解析】stress 不可数名词，意为 “压力”；too much 修饰不可数名词，表 “太多压力”。 6. We all share common health c______ in our daily life.（观念） 【答案】concepts 【解析】concept 名词 “观念、理念”；前面无单数冠词，结合 common health concepts（共通健康理念），用复数形式 concepts。 7. His r______ rate is fast because he exercises every day.（康复） 【答案】recovery 【解析】recovery 名词 “康复”，作定语修饰 rate；固定短语 recovery rate 康复速度；区分动词 recover。 8. Don’t eat too much j______ food like chips and fried chicken.（垃圾） 【答案】junk 【解析】固定名词短语 junk food 垃圾食品，单元核心词汇。 9. Eight hours’ s______ is necessary for students.（睡眠） 【答案】sleep 【解析】sleep 不可数名词，意为 “睡眠”；eight hours’ sleep 八小时睡眠，在句中作主语。 二、单项选择 1.______ positive is good for your mental health. A.Stay B. Staying C. Stays D. Stayed 【答案】B 【解析】句子缺少主语，动词作主语需变为动名词 doing 形式，staying positive（保持乐观）在句中作主语，故选 B。 2.Doctors advise us ______ more fresh vegetables every day. A.eat B. eating C. to eat D. eats 【答案】 C 【解析】固定搭配 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事，不定式 to do 作宾语补足语，因此选 to eat。 3.You ______ smoke in public places. It’s strictly forbidden. A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. can’t 【答案】B 【解析】shouldn’t 不应该（委婉劝告）；mustn’t 禁止，绝不允许（强制规定）；needn’t 不必；can’t 不能。句中 strictly forbidden 表示严格禁止，语气强硬，用 mustn’t。 4.We should stay away ______ cigarettes and alcohol. A. from B. to C. with D. for 【答案】A 【解析】固定短语 stay away from 远离……，是本单元核心搭配。 5.It takes me three days ______ from the bad cold. A. recover B. recovering C. to recover D. recovered 【答案】C 【解析】固定句型 It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 花费某人多久做某事，此处用不定式 to recover。 6.Too much stress ______ your physical health. A. harm B. harms C. harming D. harmed 【答案】B 【解析】主语 too much stress 为不可数名词，视作单数；句子为客观常识，用一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式 harms。 7.My father decided ______ smoking last month. A. give up B. giving up C. to give up D. gave up 【答案】C 【解析】固定搭配 decide to do sth. 决定做某事，不定式作宾语。 8.You’d better ______ up late at night. It makes you weak. A. not stay B. don’t stay C. not to stay D. to not stay 【答案】A 【解析】had better (’d better) 后接动词原形；否定形式为 had better not do sth.，即 not stay。 9.I don’t know ______ to deal with my study stress. A. what B. how C. where D. when 【答案】 B 【解析】 固定搭配 how to deal with sth. 如何处理某事；what 与 do with 搭配，此处动词是 deal with，用 how。 10.The teacher told us that smoking ______ bad for our bodies. A. is B. was C. are D. were 【答案】A 【解析】宾语从句规则：主句为过去时，但从句描述客观不变的健康常识，时态仍用一般现在时；主语 smoking 是动名词，单数，谓语用 is。 11.You need ______ sleep to keep in good shape. A.enough B. many C. little D. few 【答案】A 【解析】sleep 是不可数名词；many/few 修饰可数名词复数；little 表否定 “几乎没有”；enough 充足的，enough sleep 充足睡眠，符合句意。 12. He felt upset, so he listened to music ______ relaxed. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got 【答案】B 【解析】不定式 to do 表目的，听音乐是为了放松，to get relaxed 作目的状语。 13. A balanced diet ______ us strong and healthy. A. keep B. keeps C. keeping D. kept 【答案】 B 【解析】主语 a balanced diet 是单数名词短语，句子为客观事实，一般现在时，谓语动词用三单 keeps。 14. —How are you feeling today? —I feel ______. I have a bad stomachache. A. well B. relaxed C. weak D. positive 【答案】C 【解析】well（身体好）；relaxed（放松的）；weak（虚弱的）；positive（乐观的）。后文说严重胃痛，说明身体虚弱，选 weak。 15. According ______ Lesson 5, smoking is a terrible bad habit. A. in B. to C. at D. on 【答案】B 【解析】固定短语 according to 根据，为固定介词搭配。 三、 句型转换 1. Staying positive helps us stay healthy.（改为同义句） ______ ______ to stay positive for us to keep healthy. 【答案】It’s helpful 【解析】原句动名词作主语，转换为固定句型 It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是…… 的）；原句 “有帮助的” 对应形容词 helpful，It is 缩写为 It’s。 2.You should stay away from junk food.（改为同义劝告句） You ______ ______ stay away from junk food. 【答案】had better 【解析】should 表温和建议，同义劝告短语 had better（最好），后接动词原形，二者都用来给出健康方面的建议。 3.Smoking does great harm to your lungs.（改为同义句） Smoking ______ your lungs ______. 【答案】harms; greatly 【解析】固定转换结构 do harm to sth. = harm sth.；主语 smoking 是单数，一般现在时动词用三单 harms；great 形容词改为副词 greatly 修饰动词。 4.He needs eight hours’ sleep every night.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ sleep does he need every night? 【答案】How much 【解析】划线部分 eight hours’ 修饰不可数名词 sleep；how much 后接不可数名词，提问数量；how many 只能修饰可数名词复数。 5.“We should take exercise every day.” The doctor said.（合并为宾语从句） The doctor said ______ we ______ take exercise every day. 【答案】that; should 【解析】直接引语是陈述句，宾语从句用 that 引导（可省略）；主句 said 为一般过去时，但情态动词 should 无过去式变化，直接保留 should。 四、完形填空 Health is very important for everyone. Many students are in poor health these days. Some have sore throats, others feel weak and tired easily. Why?First, they eat too much 1.______ food and seldom eat fruit or vegetables. They don’t have a balanced diet. Second, most students don’t take enough 2._______. They spend all free time playing phones at home. Third, they stay up late and don’t get enough 3._______, so they are under great stress every day. What’s worse, some teenagers try smoking. Smoking 4.________ great harm to their bodies.What can we do to stay healthy? We should stay positive, eat healthy food, exercise every day and stay away from bad habits. If we follow these rules, our 5.________ rate will become faster and we will always be in good shape. 1. A. fresh B. junk C. natural D. healthy 2. A. exercise B. cigarette C. snack D. alcohol 3. A. stress B. diet C. sleep D. recovery 4. A. do B. does C. doing D. done 5. A. recovery B. health C. mental D. physical 1. 【答案】B 【解析】fresh 新鲜的；junk 垃圾；natural 天然的；healthy 健康的。后文说他们饮食不均衡、很少吃果蔬，说明吃太多垃圾食品，junk food 垃圾食品是单元固定搭配，选 B。 2. 【答案】A 【解析】exercise 锻炼；cigarette 香烟；snack 零食；alcohol 酒精。后文讲学生空闲时间玩手机，缺少运动，take enough exercise 做足够锻炼，符合语境。 3. 【答案】C 【解析】stress 压力；diet 饮食；sleep 睡眠；recovery 康复。短语 stay up late 熬夜，熬夜就得不到充足睡眠，enough sleep 充足睡眠，选 C。 4. 【答案】B 【解析】固定搭配 do harm to 对…… 有害；主语 Smoking 是动名词，视作单数，一般现在时谓语动词用三单形式 does。 5. 【答案】A 【解析】recovery 康复；health 健康；mental 心理的；physical 身体的。固定短语 recovery rate 康复速度，为本单元核心短语，句意：我们的康复速度会变得更快。 五、阅读理解 A Many people only care about physical health, but mental health is also important. Staying positive is the best way to protect our mental health. When you feel upset or worried, don’t keep bad feelings inside. You can talk with your parents or friends, or take a walk outside to relax yourself.A balanced diet and daily exercise can also help you stay happy. If you always eat junk food and never work out, you will feel tired and easy to get angry. What’s more, we must stay away from smoking. Smoking not only hurts your body, but also makes you feel more stressed.We share common health concepts: being happy means being healthy. If you keep a healthy lifestyle, you will have both strong bodies and peaceful minds. 1. What is the best way to protect mental health? A. Eating junk food B. Staying positive C. Smoking D. Staying up late 2. What can you do when you feel upset? A. Keep feelings to yourself B. Smoke to relax C. Talk with friends D. Eat lots of snacks 3. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Junk food makes people relaxed. B. Exercise is bad for your recovery rate. C. Smoking makes you feel less stressed. D. Good diet and exercise help you stay happy. 4. What does the underlined word “concepts” mean? A. 观念 B. 习惯 C. 压力 D. 康复 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to give up smoking B. The importance of mental health and ways to stay healthy B. How to keep a balanced diet D. The harm of junk food 1.【答案】B 【解析】原文第二句 “Staying positive is the best way to protect our mental health.”，明确说明保持乐观是保护心理健康最好的方式，A 垃圾食品、C 吸烟、D 熬夜均为损害健康的行为。 2.【答案】C 【解析】原文 “When you feel upset or worried, don’t keep bad feelings inside. You can talk with your parents or friends...”，心烦时可以和朋友倾诉；A 把情绪藏心里、B 抽烟放松、D 吃大量零食都是错误做法。 3. 【答案】D 【解析】原文 “A balanced diet and daily exercise can also help you stay happy.”，均衡饮食和运动能让人保持开心，D 表述正确。A 垃圾食品让人放松（错误）；B 运动不利于康复速度（错误）；C 吸烟减少压力（原文说吸烟会让人压力更大，错误）。 4. 【答案】A 【解析】单词所在句 “We share common health concepts”，结合文章主题健康理念，concept 词义为 “观念、理念”。 5. 【答案】B 【解析】文章先提出心理健康和身体健康同等重要，再介绍保持好心情、健康饮食、运动、远离吸烟等保持健康的方法。A 如何戒烟、C 如何均衡饮食、D 垃圾食品的危害都只是文中局部细节，不能概括全文主旨。 六、书面表达 现在很多同学存在饮食不健康、不爱运动、心态焦虑、甚至模仿吸烟等问题，请你以 How to Stay Healthy 为题写一篇英语短文，向同学们介绍保持健康的方法。 要求： 1. 包含健康饮食、保持乐观、坚持锻炼、远离烟酒、充足睡眠五个要点； 2. 80 词左右，语句通顺，使用本单元重点短语与句型； 3. 条理清晰，可适当给出建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、参考范文 How to Stay Healthy Now many students have unhealthy habits. Some eat lots of junk food, never exercise and feel stressed. A few even try smoking. Here is some advice for us.First, keep a balanced diet and stay away from junk food. Second, stay positive to deal with stress. Third, take exercise every day to improve your recovery rate. What’s more, we must stay away from smoking. It does great harm to us. Finally, get enough sleep and don’t stay up late.If we keep these good habits, we will always be in good shape. 实战演练 真题示例 真题 1：2025 年 山西省中考英语阅读理解 A 篇 How to Stay Positive Under Study Pressure Nowadays, most middle school students face heavy study pressure. Too much homework, frequent exams and high expectations from parents often make teenagers feel upset and tired. A medical research published in 2024 points out that long-term bad moods will break the balance of our body and even cause sleep problems.There are practical ways to keep ourselves positive when we feel anxious. First, regular exercise is a great helper. Thirty minutes of daily sports can reduce harmful stress chemicals inside our bodies. You can choose jogging, playing ball games or just walking in the park step by step. Second, form a balanced eating habit. Stop eating too much junk food with high sugar and fat. Fresh fruit, vegetables and milk offer enough energy to keep us energetic every day. Third, talk with people you trust. Sharing your worries with family or close friends helps you recover from bad feelings quickly.Many teenagers think these methods waste their study time. However, experts say that a healthy body and peaceful mind make learning more efficient. The more relaxed you feel, the better grades you will get. Besides, never try smoking to release stress. Tobacco is extremely harmful to your lungs and heart, and it will bring more health troubles in the future. 1. What will long-term bad moods bring to students? A. Better grades B. Sleep problems C. More free time D. Less homework 2. How many suggestions does the writer give to stay positive? A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five 3. What can we learn from the passage? A. Junk food gives us enough energy B. Smoking is a good way to reduce stress B. Relaxed feelings help students study better D. Students should spend over an hour exercising daily 1.长难句拆解 ①A medical research published in 2024 points out that long-term bad moods will break the balance of our body and even cause sleep problems. 翻译：2024 年发布的一项医学研究指出，长期的负面情绪会打破我们身体的平衡，甚至引发睡眠问题。 结构：过去分词短语 published in 2024 作后置定语修饰 research；that 引导宾语从句，作 points out 的宾语；从句包含并列谓语 break... and even cause... ②The more relaxed you feel, the better grades you will get. 翻译：你的心态越放松，取得的成绩就越好。 结构：固定比较级句型 the + 比较级，the + 比较级，意为 “越……，就越……”，本单元核心语法考点。 2.词汇积累（单元重点词 + 拓展） 1.pressure n. 压力 2.upset adj. 沮丧的 3.balanced adj. 均衡的 4.energetic adj. 精力充沛的 5.recover v. 恢复 6.harmful adj. 有害的 7.regular adj. 规律的 8.expectation n. 期待 9.tobacco n. 烟草 10.efficient adj. 高效的 3.短语积累 1. step by step 一步步； 2. deal with pressure 应对压力； 3. break the balance 打破平衡 4. 背景知识 1. 青少年学业压力是国内中小学普遍心理健康议题，中考阅读常围绕情绪调节、身心健康出题； 2. 医学常识：长期焦虑会扰乱内分泌，造成失眠、食欲不振；运动可分泌多巴胺，舒缓负面情绪； 3. 青少年禁烟科普：我国法律禁止向未成年人售卖香烟，烟草会损伤心肺，加剧情绪烦躁。 5. 阅读微技能 1. 主旨归纳：快速定位第二段段首，抓取全文 3 条核心建议； 2. 细节定位：题干关键词 long-term bad moods，回原文第一段末尾锁定答案； 3. 推理判断：根据 “The more relaxed you feel, the better grades you will get” 推理出放松利于学习； 4. 排除法：文中明确否定垃圾食品、抽烟，直接排除 A、B 两个错误选项。 真题 2：2026 年 江苏省苏州市中考英语阅读理解 B 篇 Healthy Eating Builds Strong Teenagers Many students do not realize that eating habits directly influence their physical and mental health. Some teens skip breakfast every morning to save study time, while others love fried snacks and sweet drinks as daily meals. These unhealthy eating ways will slowly weaken their bodies and make them easy to feel tired and anxious.The Chinese Dietary Guidelines tells us how to form a sensible diet. At the bottom of the food pagoda are grains, which we should eat most every day. Next come vegetables and fruit, then dairy products and meat. We should eat fried food and sweets least of all. A balanced diet provides all kinds of nutrition for our growth and helps us stay positive in busy school life.Apart from diet, daily water intake matters too. Experts advise teenagers to drink at least 1500 millilitres of water every day instead of sugary drinks. If you feel tired in class, a glass of warm water works much better than cola.What’s more, eating regularly is also important. Having meals on fixed time can protect our stomach. Many students stay up late and eat midnight snacks, which bring great harm to digestion. If you want to keep healthy, start with small changes to your three daily meals. 1. What does the underlined word “skip” mean in Paragraph 1? A. 按时吃 B. 不吃，跳过 C. 准备 D. 分享 2. Which food should we eat the most according to Chinese Dietary Guidelines? A. Grains B. Fried snacks C. Meat D. Sweets 3. How much water do experts suggest teens drink every day? A. Less than 1000ml B. About 1500ml C. Over 2000ml D. No limits 1.长难句拆解 ① Some teens skip breakfast every morning to save study time, while others love fried snacks and sweet drinks as daily meals. 翻译：一些青少年为了节省学习时间不吃早餐，而另一些人把油炸零食和甜饮料当作日常正餐。 结构：while 引导并列对比句，表 “然而”；不定式 to save 作目的状语。 ②At the bottom of the food pagoda are grains, which we should eat most every day. 翻译：膳食宝塔的底层是谷物，我们每天应当摄入最多。 结构：完全倒装句；which 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 grains（单元定语从句核心语法）。 ③Many students stay up late and eat midnight snacks, which bring great harm to digestion. 翻译：很多学生熬夜、吃夜宵，这会给消化功能带来巨大伤害。 结构：which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事。 2. 词汇积累（单元原文核心词汇） 1.sensible adj. 合理的 2.guideline n. 指南 3.dairy n. 乳制品 3. balanced adj. 均衡的 4. regular adv. 规律地 5. digestion n. 消化 6. nutrition n. 营养 7. weaken v. 使虚弱 8. intake n. 摄入量 9. pagoda n. 宝塔 3.短语积累： 1.Chinese Dietary Guidelines 中国膳食指南 2.at the bottom of 在…… 底部 3. bring harm to 对…… 有害 4. 背景知识 1. 中国居民膳食宝塔是初中英语阅读高频本土文化素材，贴合单元 Lesson2《A healthy way of eating》课文； 2. 青少年生理常识：不吃早餐易低血糖，课堂注意力下降；高糖饮料会加剧情绪烦躁； 3. 健康科普：规律三餐、足量饮水是青少年维持身心健康的基础，长期夜宵会加重肠胃负担。 5. 阅读微技能 1. 词义猜测：结合上下文 “to save study time” 以及后文不健康饮食习惯，推断 skip 为 “不吃”； 2. 细节定位：专有名词 Chinese Dietary Guidelines 快速锁定第二段，找到谷物相关信息； 3. 数字抓取：题干关键词 water，定位第三段数字 1500 millilitres； 4. 篇章结构梳理：文章总分结构，从反面坏习惯→膳食指南→饮水→用餐规律分层说明健康饮食。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Staying healthy 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、身体状态与病痛： 1._____________ (疼痛；疼) _______________________________（熬夜后我头疼得厉害。） 2.____________(发烧) __________________________________（她发高烧，卧床一整天。） 3.___________ (胃痛) _________________________________（吃太多垃圾食品会胃痛。） 4.______________ (疼痛的；酸痛的) ___________________________（我喊得嗓子疼。） 5.___________ (虚弱的)____________________________（不吃足够蔬菜你会虚弱无力。） 6. ____________ (疲惫的) ________________________________（加班让我每晚都很累。） 二、健康饮食相关 1. _________ (蔬菜) _____________________________________（我们每天要吃不同蔬菜。） 2. _____ (水果) ______________________________________（新鲜水果富含维生素。） 3. _______ (蛋白质) __________________________________（鸡蛋和牛奶富含蛋白质。） 4. _________ (垃圾食品) ___________________________________________（尽量远离薯片这类垃圾食品。） 5. ________ (均衡的) ________________________________（均衡饮食让我们强壮。） 6.________ (零食)____________________________________（零食吃太多对身体不好。） 三、心态与情绪 1. ________ (积极的；乐观的) ______________________________（遇到困难保持乐观。） 2. _______(放松的) _____________________________________（听音乐能让你放松。） 3. _____ (心烦的) ___________________________________（别为小事心烦。） 4. _________ (自信的) ______________________________（心态乐观会让你更自信。） 5. ____(平静的) _______________________________（深呼吸保持平静。） 6. _______(焦虑的) ________________________________________（很多学生考前感到焦虑。） 四、不良习惯 & 危害健康物品 1. _____ (吸烟；烟) ___________________________________（吸烟严重损伤肺部。） 2. _________ (香烟) ________________________________（我们任何时候都要拒绝香烟。） 3. _______ (酒精) __________________________________（青少年不应该饮酒。） 4. ____ (懒惰的) ________________________________（懒惰会导致身体素质变差。） 5. ______ (压力) __________________________________（过大压力不利于心理健康。） 6. ________ (被污染的) _________________________________（污染的空气容易让人生病。） 五、保健行为 & 康复相关 1. _______ (康复；恢复) ________________________________（感冒需要一周才能痊愈。） 2. ________ (锻炼) ________________________________（每日锻炼提升你的恢复速度。 3. ____ (休息) ___________________________________（生病后你需要充足休息。） 4. _______ (呼吸) ________________________________（缓慢呼吸缓解压力。） 5. _____ (睡眠) _____________________________________（青少年需要八小时睡眠。） 6. _____ (治疗) ____________________________________（医生很快治好了他的喉咙痛。） 六、健康理念名词 1.__________（恢复速度；康复率）__________________（他经常锻炼，康复速度更快。） 2. _____________ (心理健康) ____________________________（保持乐观守护心理健康。） 3. _______________(身体健康) _________________________（健康饮食提升身体素质。） 4.______________ (健康观念) ___________________（我们和家人拥有共通的健康理念。） 6. _________ (营养) _______________________________________（不同食物含有不同营养。） 7. _________ (生活方式) ___________________________（健康生活方式让你远离疾病。） 短 语 一、动词短语 1. ____________ (发烧) _______________________________（我弟弟昨晚发烧了。） 2. _____________ (保持乐观) ____________________（无论发生什么我们都要保持乐观。） 3.______________ (远离) _______________________（我们必须远离烟酒。） 4._____________ (锻炼身体) ____________________________（我每天早上锻炼半小时。） 5. ____________________ (均衡饮食) ____________________（医生建议我们均衡饮食。） 6. _______________ (戒烟) ___________________________（我爸爸上个月决定戒烟。） 7. ________________ (应对压力) ______________________（阅读是应对压力的好方法。） 8. ____________________ (从疾病中康复) _______________（他三天就从流感中康复了。） 二、介词短语 1.______________ (身体不好) __________________________________________________（从不锻炼的话你会身体很差。） 2. _____________ (身体健康；状态良好) _________________________________________（规律锻炼让你身体状态良好。） 3. ____________ (承受压力) ____________________________________________（很多青少年承受巨大学习压力。） 4.____________________(缺乏睡眠) __________________________（缺乏睡眠，你一整天都会虚弱乏力。） 5.____________(根据) _________________________________（根据课文，积极情绪有助健康。） 6. ___________ (例如) ______________________（很多坏习惯，例如吸烟，会伤害身体。） 三、固定搭配短语 1._____________ (康复速度；恢复率) _______________________________________（医生在报告里提到了他的康复速度。） 2._____________ (心理健康) _______________________________________________ （和朋友聊天有益于心理健康。） 3.______________________ (共通健康理念) ______________________________（我们和身边人拥有共通的健康理念。） 4. ___________ (喉咙痛) __________________________________________（我喝温水缓解喉咙痛。） 5. _________ (垃圾食品) ______________________________________________（想保持健康就别吃垃圾食品。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、询问身体状况： 1.__________________________（你今天感觉怎么样？） 2. ______________________（你哪里不舒服？） 3. ___________________________________（你发烧还是胃痛？） 4. ____________________________（你虚弱多久了？） 5. ____________________________（你的喉咙还疼吗？） 6. ________________________________（你吃药了吗？） 二、提出健康建议： 1.__________________________________________（你应该每天均衡饮食。） 2. __________________________________（心烦时保持乐观很重要。） 3. ____________________________________________（你最好远离香烟和垃圾食品。） 4. ____________________________________________（为什么不锻炼来提升康复速度？） 5. __________________________________________（你每晚至少需要八小时睡眠。） 6. _____________________________________________（不要为学业过度焦虑。） 三、谈论健康理念与习惯 1.________________________________________（开心是健康的关键。） 2. ____________________________________________________________（我们在饮食和锻炼上有着共通的健康理念。） 3. _________________________________________（吸烟对你的心肺伤害极大。） 4. __________________________________________（保持乐观能加快你的康复速度。） 5. __________________________________（健康生活方式包含良好饮食习惯与充足休息。） 6. ____________________________________________________________（过大压力会影响你的身心健康。） 语法 1.情态动词 should /had better /must 表建议、劝告、禁止 2.动名词作主语（Doing sth. is + adj. … 做某事是……） 3. 宾语从句（主句为一般现在时 / 一般过去时的时态变化） 写作 话题：保持健康的方法（介绍健康饮食、乐观心态、远离烟酒、规律锻炼等） 文体：说明文、倡议书、书信（给朋友提健康建议） 一、知识点精讲 1. recover v. 康复，恢复 【常用短语】recover from + 疾病 / 伤痛 从…… 中康复 例：He spent two weeks recovering from his stomachache.（他花了两周时间从胃痛中恢复。） 【词性转换】 recovery n. 康复；恢复 rate n. 速度 recovery rate 康复速度 例：The doctor said his recovery rate was much faster than others.（医生说他的康复速度比其他人快很多。） 2. stay 系动词 保持（后接形容词） 【核心搭配】 ①stay positive 保持乐观； ②stay healthy 保持健康； ③stay away from 远离 例1 Stay calm when you are under stress.（压力大时保持冷静。） 例2 We should stay away from smoking all the time.（我们要一直远离吸烟。） 3.advise v. 建议 【常用短语】 ①advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 例：Doctors advise us to eat more fruit and vegetables.（医生建议我们多吃果蔬。） ②advise doing sth. 建议做某事 例：He advises taking exercise every day.（他建议每天锻炼。） ③advise (that) sb. (should) do sth. 从句虚拟语气（should 可省略） 例：The teacher advises that we (should) keep a balanced diet.（老师建议我们均衡饮食。） 4. harm n.&v. 伤害；危害 【常用短语】do harm to sb./sth. = harm sb./sth. 伤害…… 例：Smoking does great harm to your body. = Smoking harms your body greatly.（吸烟严重伤害身体。） 【词性拓展】 harmful adj 有害的 核心短语：be harmful to … 对…… 有害 例①Too much junk food is harmful to your health. 过多垃圾食品对你的健康有害。 例②Staying up late is harmful to teenagers. 熬夜对青少年有害。 5.deal with 处理；应对（stress 压力） 【同义短语】do with（常与 what 连用，deal with 常与 how 连用） 例：I don’t know how to deal with my study stress.（我不知道如何应对学习压力。） 6.enough 用法 足够的 / 地 【位置】 形容词 / 副词后，名词前 例①enough sleep 充足睡眠； 例②sleep well enough 睡得足够好 例③You need enough rest to recover fast.（你需要充足休息快速康复。） 7.give v. 给；给予；赠送；付出；举办 【变形】过去式 gave，过去分词 given 【常用短语】 ① give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人 例：My deskmate gave me a useful physics notebook yesterday.（昨天我的同桌给了我一本实用的物理笔记本。） ② give up doing sth. 放弃做某事 例：You shouldn’t give up practicing speaking English every morning.（你不该放弃每天早上练习英语口语。） ③ give in (to sb./sth.) （向……）屈服、让步 例：We will never give in to any difficulty in our study.（我们永远不会向学习中的任何困难低头。） ④ give away 赠送；泄露（秘密） 例：He gave away all his old storybooks to the poor kids in the village. （他把所有旧故事书都赠送给村里的贫困孩子。） 例：Don’t give away our plan before the school talent show.（校园才艺秀开始前不要泄露我们的方案。） ⑤ give out 分发；（体力、物资）耗尽；发出（光 / 信号） 例：Our monitor gave out the exam papers before class started.（上课前班长分发了试卷。） 例：After running for two hours, my strength gave out completely.（跑了两小时后，我的体力彻底耗尽了。） ⑥ give back 归还；回馈 例：Please give back my dictionary after you finish using it.（用完字典后请还给我。） ⑦ give off 散发（气味、光、热量） 例：The roses give off a soft sweet smell in spring.（春天玫瑰散发出淡淡的清香。） 8.healthy adj. 健康的；有益健康的 【常用短语】 ① keep /stay healthy 保持健康 例；Taking exercise every day helps us stay healthy.（每天锻炼帮助我们保持健康。） ② It’s healthy for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人有益健康 例；It’s healthy for teenagers to sleep for nine hours every night.（青少年每晚睡九小时有益健康。） ③ healthy + 名词 健康的……（修饰名词） 例；We should form a healthy eating habit.（我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。） 【词性转换】 ① unhealthy adj. 不健康的（反义词） 例；Eating too much junk food is unhealthy for our bodies.（吃太多垃圾食品对我们身体不健康。） ② health n. 健康（名词形式） 固定搭配：in good health 身体健康； be bad for one’s health 对某人健康有害 例：My grandma is in good health although she is seventy.（我奶奶七十岁了，身体依旧康健。） ③healthily adv. 健康地（副词，修饰动词） 例：We should eat and sleep healthily every day.（我们每天都要健康饮食、规律作息。） 9. stress v. 使焦虑；强调 n. 压力；紧张 【常用短语】 ① stress sb. 使某人焦虑 例：Too much schoolwork stresses most middle school students.（过多的课业让大多数中学生感到焦虑。） ② stress sth. /stress that… 强调某事 例：The teacher stressed that we should finish homework on time.（老师强调我们要按时完成作业。） ③ under stress 在压力之下 例：Many teenagers feel upset under study stress.（很多青少年在学习压力下感到心烦。） ④ stress out （使）焦虑不堪 例：Don’t stress yourself out before exams.（考试前别把自己搞得过度焦虑。） 【词性转换】 ①stressed adj. 焦虑的；有压力的（修饰人） 例：He always feels stressed when there are lots of tests.（考试很多的时候他总觉得压力很大。） ②stressful adj. 令人紧张的；带来压力的（修饰事物） 例：Final exams are really stressful for Grade Nine students.（期末考试对九年级学生来说压力很大。） 10.confident adj. 自信的；有信心的 【常用短语】 ① be confident about sth. 对某事有信心 例：She is confident about the coming English speech competition.（她对即将到来的英语演讲比赛充满信心。） ② be confident to do sth. 有信心做某事 例：You will be confident to speak in public after more practice.（多加练习后，你会有信心当众发言。） ③ be confident that + 从句 确信…… 例：He is confident that he can pass all the final exams.（他确信自己能通过所有期末考试。） 【词性转换】 ①confidence n. 自信；信心 固定搭配：have confidence in sb./sth. 对某人 / 某事有信心 例：We all have confidence in our class team.（我们都对班级队伍充满信心。） ②confidently adv. 自信地 例：The little girl answered all the questions confidently.（这个小女孩自信地回答了所有问题。） 11.balance v. 平衡；使均衡 ； n. 平衡 【常用句型】 ① balance A and B 平衡 A 与 B 例：We should balance study and rest in our daily life.（我们在日常生活中要平衡学习和休息。） ② balance sth. on sth. 把某物平稳放在某物上 例：The little boy balanced a book on his head.（小男孩把一本书平稳顶在头上。） ③keep balance /keep a balance 保持平衡 例：It’s important to keep a balance between hobbies and schoolwork.（保持爱好和学业之间的平衡很重要。） ④lose one’s balance 失去平衡 He lost his balance and fell down on the playground.（他失去平衡，摔倒在操场上。） 【词性转换】 balanced adj. 均衡的；平衡的 常用 搭配：balanced diet 均衡饮食 例：Eating fruit and vegetables gives us a balanced diet.（吃蔬果能让我们拥有均衡的饮食。） 二、核心语法精讲 情态动词should /had better /must 1. should 应该（温和提建议） 例：You should eat less junk food. 你应该少吃垃圾食品。 否定：shouldn’t 不应该 例：You shouldn’t stay up late. 你不应该熬夜。 2. had better (’d better) 最好（强烈建议） 例：You’d better give up smoking. 你最好戒烟。 否定：had better not do 最好不要 例：You’d better not smoke at all. 你最好一点儿也不要抽烟。 3. must 必须（表强制、禁止）； 例：We must stay away from cigarettes.我们必须远离香烟。 否定：mustn’t 禁止 例：You mustn’t smoke in public places. 你禁止在公共场所吸烟。 动名词作主语 【结构】Doing sth. + be + 形容词 / 名词 … 做某事是…… 【例句】Staying positive is good for your mental health.（保持乐观有益于心理健康。） Eating a balanced diet keeps us strong.（均衡饮食让我们强壮。） 【拓展】It’s + adj. + to do sth. 同义转换= It is good for your mental health to stay positive. 宾语从句 1.主句一般现在时，从句时态随句意 例：I think smoking is a bad habit. 2.主句一般过去时，从句时态统一变为对应过去时态 例：He said he would give up smoking soon. 3.客观真理 / 不变健康常识，从句永远一般现在时 例：The doctor told us that smoking harms our lungs. 三、单元写作清单 1. 话题分析 写作主题：Staying healthy 保持健康 写作任务：向同学介绍保持健康的多种方式；写倡议书号召大家远离烟酒、健康生活；书信给焦虑的朋友提健康建议 核心要点：健康饮食、保持乐观心态、规律锻炼、远离烟酒、充足睡眠、正确应对压力；结合单元短语与句型，使用情态动词提建议，动名词开篇。 2.写作框架（三段式） 开头：点明健康的重要性，引出主题 中间：分点给出健康方法（饮食、心态、运动、远离坏习惯、睡眠） 结尾：总结呼吁，号召大家养成健康生活方式 3.写作素材 万能开头： Health is the most important thing for everyone. It’s necessary for us to know how to stay healthy. 中间分点句： First, we need a balanced diet. We should eat more fruit and vegetables and stay away from junk food.Second, staying positive is good for our mental health. Don’t get upset or worried easily.Third, take exercise every day to improve your recovery rate.Besides, we must stay away from smoking and alcohol. They do great harm to our bodies.Finally, we need enough sleep and learn to deal with stress properly. 万能结尾： If we keep these good habits, we will be in good shape all the time. 4.范文背诵 Advice on Staying Healthy Dear Tom, I heard you are always tired and worried these days. Here is some advice for you to stay healthy. First, you should have a balanced diet. Eat fresh fruit and vegetables every day and stay away from junk food. Second, stay positive when you feel upset. You can listen to music to relax yourself and deal with study stress well. Third, take exercise for 30 minutes every day. It can speed up your recovery rate if you feel weak. What’s more, you must stay away from smoking. It does great harm to your lungs. At last, you’d better sleep for eight hours every night; don’t stay up late. We share common health concepts, so I hope my advice can help you. Wish you good health! Yours, Li Hua 易错点 01 stay 系动词 vs 实义动词 【助记口诀】后接形容词表 “保持”，接地点表 “停留” 【错因辨析】 1. stay + 形容词（系动词）：保持某种状态 stay positive /stay healthy 2. stay + 地点副词 / 介词短语（实义动词）：停留、待在某地 stay at home 【易混错题】 学生容易错写 stay health（正确：stay healthy），系动词后必须接形容词。 【对点训练】 1.We should ______ (stay /staying) ______ (health /healthy) every day. 2.She ______ (stays /stay) ______ in the countryside on weekends. A. health B. happily C. happily 易错点 02 recover /recovery 词性混淆 【助记口诀】动词 recover 表动作，名词 recovery 表事物 【错因辨析】 recover v. 康复；恢复； recovery n. 康复，恢复速度 recovery rate 康复率 易错：recover rate（错误），正确 recovery rate 【对点训练】 1.It takes him a long time ______ (recover) from the fever. 2.The doctor talks about his ______ (recover) rate in the report. 易错点 03 动名词作主语谓语单复数 【错因辨析】 动名词（doing）作主语，谓语动词永远用单数。 易错：Staying positive make us healthy.（错误） 正确：makes 【对点训练】 1.______ (Eat) too much junk food ______ (be) bad for your stomach. 2.______ (Stay) away from smoking ______ (keep) you in good shape. 易错点 04 mustn’t /shouldn’t 语气区分 【错因辨析】 shouldn’t：不应该（委婉劝告）； mustn’t：禁止，绝不允许（强制规定） 【对点训练】 1.You ______ smoke in the hospital. It’s against the rules. A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t 2.You ______ eat too many snacks before meals. It’s bad for diet. A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t 一、根据提示写单词 1. I have a s______ throat, so I can’t speak loudly.（酸痛的） 2. You need enough rest to r______ from your illness.（康复） 3. We should stay p______ when we meet troubles.（积极乐观的） 4. S______ does great harm to our hearts and lungs.（吸烟） 5. A b______ diet with fruit and vegetables keeps us fit.（均衡的） 6. Too much s______ makes teenagers feel worried every day.（压力） 6. We all share common health c______ in our daily life.（观念） 7. His r______ rate is fast because he exercises every day.（康复） 8. Don’t eat too much j______ food like chips and fried chicken.（垃圾） 9. Eight hours’ s______ is necessary for students.（睡眠） 二、单项选择 1.______ positive is good for your mental health. A.Stay B. Staying C. Stays D. Stayed 2.Doctors advise us ______ more fresh vegetables every day. A.eat B. eating C. to eat D. eats 3.You ______ smoke in public places. It’s strictly forbidden. A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. can’t 4.We should stay away ______ cigarettes and alcohol. A. from B. to C. with D. for 5.It takes me three days ______ from the bad cold. A. recover B. recovering C. to recover D. recovered 6.Too much stress ______ your physical health. A. harm B. harms C. harming D. harmed 7.My father decided ______ smoking last month. A. give up B. giving up C. to give up D. gave up 8.You’d better ______ up late at night. It makes you weak. A. not stay B. don’t stay C. not to stay D. to not stay 9.I don’t know ______ to deal with my study stress. A. what B. how C. where D. when 10.The teacher told us that smoking ______ bad for our bodies. A. is B. was C. are D. were 11.You need ______ sleep to keep in good shape. A.enough B. many C. little D. few 12. He felt upset, so he listened to music ______ relaxed. A. get B. to get C. getting D. got 13. A balanced diet ______ us strong and healthy. A. keep B. keeps C. keeping D. kept 14. —How are you feeling today? —I feel ______. I have a bad stomachache. A. well B. relaxed C. weak D. positive 15. According ______ Lesson 5, smoking is a terrible bad habit. A. in B. to C. at D. on 三、 句型转换 1. Staying positive helps us stay healthy.（改为同义句） ______ ______ to stay positive for us to keep healthy. 2.You should stay away from junk food.（改为同义劝告句） You ______ ______ stay away from junk food. 3.Smoking does great harm to your lungs.（改为同义句） Smoking ______ your lungs ______. 4.He needs eight hours’ sleep every night.（对划线部分提问） ______ ______ sleep does he need every night? 5.“We should take exercise every day.” The doctor said.（合并为宾语从句） The doctor said ______ we ______ take exercise every day. 四、完形填空 Health is very important for everyone. Many students are in poor health these days. Some have sore throats, others feel weak and tired easily. Why?First, they eat too much 1.______ food and seldom eat fruit or vegetables. They don’t have a balanced diet. Second, most students don’t take enough 2._______. They spend all free time playing phones at home. Third, they stay up late and don’t get enough 3._______, so they are under great stress every day. What’s worse, some teenagers try smoking. Smoking 4.________ great harm to their bodies.What can we do to stay healthy? We should stay positive, eat healthy food, exercise every day and stay away from bad habits. If we follow these rules, our 5.________ rate will become faster and we will always be in good shape. 1. A. fresh B. junk C. natural D. healthy 2. A. exercise B. cigarette C. snack D. alcohol 3. A. stress B. diet C. sleep D. recovery 4. A. do B. does C. doing D. done 5. A. recovery B. health C. mental D. physical 五、阅读理解 A Many people only care about physical health, but mental health is also important. Staying positive is the best way to protect our mental health. When you feel upset or worried, don’t keep bad feelings inside. You can talk with your parents or friends, or take a walk outside to relax yourself.A balanced diet and daily exercise can also help you stay happy. If you always eat junk food and never work out, you will feel tired and easy to get angry. What’s more, we must stay away from smoking. Smoking not only hurts your body, but also makes you feel more stressed.We share common health concepts: being happy means being healthy. If you keep a healthy lifestyle, you will have both strong bodies and peaceful minds. 1. What is the best way to protect mental health? A. Eating junk food B. Staying positive C. Smoking D. Staying up late 2. What can you do when you feel upset? A. Keep feelings to yourself B. Smoke to relax C. Talk with friends D. Eat lots of snacks 3. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Junk food makes people relaxed. B. Exercise is bad for your recovery rate. C. Smoking makes you feel less stressed. D. Good diet and exercise help you stay happy. 4. What does the underlined word “concepts” mean? A. 观念 B. 习惯 C. 压力 D. 康复 5. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to give up smoking B. The importance of mental health and ways to stay healthy B. How to keep a balanced diet D. The harm of junk food 六、书面表达 现在很多同学存在饮食不健康、不爱运动、心态焦虑、甚至模仿吸烟等问题，请你以 How to Stay Healthy 为题写一篇英语短文，向同学们介绍保持健康的方法。 要求： 1. 包含健康饮食、保持乐观、坚持锻炼、远离烟酒、充足睡眠五个要点； 2. 80 词左右，语句通顺，使用本单元重点短语与句型； 3. 条理清晰，可适当给出建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 实战演练 真题示例 真题 1：2025 年 山西省中考英语阅读理解 A 篇 How to Stay Positive Under Study Pressure Nowadays, most middle school students face heavy study pressure. Too much homework, frequent exams and high expectations from parents often make teenagers feel upset and tired. A medical research published in 2024 points out that long-term bad moods will break the balance of our body and even cause sleep problems.There are practical ways to keep ourselves positive when we feel anxious. First, regular exercise is a great helper. Thirty minutes of daily sports can reduce harmful stress chemicals inside our bodies. You can choose jogging, playing ball games or just walking in the park step by step. Second, form a balanced eating habit. Stop eating too much junk food with high sugar and fat. Fresh fruit, vegetables and milk offer enough energy to keep us energetic every day. Third, talk with people you trust. Sharing your worries with family or close friends helps you recover from bad feelings quickly.Many teenagers think these methods waste their study time. However, experts say that a healthy body and peaceful mind make learning more efficient. The more relaxed you feel, the better grades you will get. Besides, never try smoking to release stress. Tobacco is extremely harmful to your lungs and heart, and it will bring more health troubles in the future. 1. What will long-term bad moods bring to students? A. Better grades B. Sleep problems C. More free time D. Less homework 2. How many suggestions does the writer give to stay positive? A. Two B. Three C. Four D. Five 3. What can we learn from the passage? A. Junk food gives us enough energy B. Smoking is a good way to reduce stress B. Relaxed feelings help students study better D. Students should spend over an hour exercising daily 1.长难句拆解 ①A medical research published in 2024 points out that long-term bad moods will break the balance of our body and even cause sleep problems. 翻译：2024 年发布的一项医学研究指出，长期的负面情绪会打破我们身体的平衡，甚至引发睡眠问题。 结构：过去分词短语 published in 2024 作后置定语修饰 research；that 引导宾语从句，作 points out 的宾语；从句包含并列谓语 break... and even cause... ②The more relaxed you feel, the better grades you will get. 翻译：你的心态越放松，取得的成绩就越好。 结构：固定比较级句型 the + 比较级，the + 比较级，意为 “越……，就越……”，本单元核心语法考点。 2.词汇积累（单元重点词 + 拓展） 1.pressure n. 压力 2.upset adj. 沮丧的 3.balanced adj. 均衡的 4.energetic adj. 精力充沛的 5.recover v. 恢复 6.harmful adj. 有害的 7.regular adj. 规律的 8.expectation n. 期待 9.tobacco n. 烟草 10.efficient adj. 高效的 3.短语积累 1. step by step 一步步； 2. deal with pressure 应对压力； 3. break the balance 打破平衡 4. 背景知识 1. 青少年学业压力是国内中小学普遍心理健康议题，中考阅读常围绕情绪调节、身心健康出题； 2. 医学常识：长期焦虑会扰乱内分泌，造成失眠、食欲不振；运动可分泌多巴胺，舒缓负面情绪； 3. 青少年禁烟科普：我国法律禁止向未成年人售卖香烟，烟草会损伤心肺，加剧情绪烦躁。 5. 阅读微技能 1. 主旨归纳：快速定位第二段段首，抓取全文 3 条核心建议； 2. 细节定位：题干关键词 long-term bad moods，回原文第一段末尾锁定答案； 3. 推理判断：根据 “The more relaxed you feel, the better grades you will get” 推理出放松利于学习； 4. 排除法：文中明确否定垃圾食品、抽烟，直接排除 A、B 两个错误选项。 真题 2：2026 年 江苏省苏州市中考英语阅读理解 B 篇 Healthy Eating Builds Strong Teenagers Many students do not realize that eating habits directly influence their physical and mental health. Some teens skip breakfast every morning to save study time, while others love fried snacks and sweet drinks as daily meals. These unhealthy eating ways will slowly weaken their bodies and make them easy to feel tired and anxious.The Chinese Dietary Guidelines tells us how to form a sensible diet. At the bottom of the food pagoda are grains, which we should eat most every day. Next come vegetables and fruit, then dairy products and meat. We should eat fried food and sweets least of all. A balanced diet provides all kinds of nutrition for our growth and helps us stay positive in busy school life.Apart from diet, daily water intake matters too. Experts advise teenagers to drink at least 1500 millilitres of water every day instead of sugary drinks. If you feel tired in class, a glass of warm water works much better than cola.What’s more, eating regularly is also important. Having meals on fixed time can protect our stomach. Many students stay up late and eat midnight snacks, which bring great harm to digestion. If you want to keep healthy, start with small changes to your three daily meals. 1. What does the underlined word “skip” mean in Paragraph 1? A. 按时吃 B. 不吃，跳过 C. 准备 D. 分享 2. Which food should we eat the most according to Chinese Dietary Guidelines? A. Grains B. Fried snacks C. Meat D. Sweets 3. How much water do experts suggest teens drink every day? A. Less than 1000ml B. About 1500ml C. Over 2000ml D. No limits 1.长难句拆解 ① Some teens skip breakfast every morning to save study time, while others love fried snacks and sweet drinks as daily meals. 翻译：一些青少年为了节省学习时间不吃早餐，而另一些人把油炸零食和甜饮料当作日常正餐。 结构：while 引导并列对比句，表 “然而”；不定式 to save 作目的状语。 ②At the bottom of the food pagoda are grains, which we should eat most every day. 翻译：膳食宝塔的底层是谷物，我们每天应当摄入最多。 结构：完全倒装句；which 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 grains（单元定语从句核心语法）。 ③Many students stay up late and eat midnight snacks, which bring great harm to digestion. 翻译：很多学生熬夜、吃夜宵，这会给消化功能带来巨大伤害。 结构：which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整件事。 2. 词汇积累（单元原文核心词汇） 1.sensible adj. 合理的 2.guideline n. 指南 3.dairy n. 乳制品 3. balanced adj. 均衡的 4. regular adv. 规律地 5. digestion n. 消化 6. nutrition n. 营养 7. weaken v. 使虚弱 8. intake n. 摄入量 9. pagoda n. 宝塔 3.短语积累： 1.Chinese Dietary Guidelines 中国膳食指南 2.at the bottom of 在…… 底部 3. bring harm to 对…… 有害 4. 背景知识 1. 中国居民膳食宝塔是初中英语阅读高频本土文化素材，贴合单元 Lesson2《A healthy way of eating》课文； 2. 青少年生理常识：不吃早餐易低血糖，课堂注意力下降；高糖饮料会加剧情绪烦躁； 3. 健康科普：规律三餐、足量饮水是青少年维持身心健康的基础，长期夜宵会加重肠胃负担。 5. 阅读微技能 1. 词义猜测：结合上下文 “to save study time” 以及后文不健康饮食习惯，推断 skip 为 “不吃”； 2. 细节定位：专有名词 Chinese Dietary Guidelines 快速锁定第二段，找到谷物相关信息； 3. 数字抓取：题干关键词 water，定位第三段数字 1500 millilitres； 4. 篇章结构梳理：文章总分结构，从反面坏习惯→膳食指南→饮水→用餐规律分层说明健康饮食。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $