Unit 1 Science and Scientists-双休课后作业-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 以“基础-提升”双阶训练构建英语语言能力体系，融合真题情境与语篇逻辑，聚焦词-句-篇知识链与应试方法迁移。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |品句填词|10题（含5道高考真题）|结合语境考查词形转换（如fault→faulty）|核心词汇在真题语境中的语法变形与搭配应用| |单元语法|5题（应用文情境）|针对建议信/活动报道等体裁的从句应用|语法知识与特定语篇功能的精准匹配| |阅读理解|2篇8题（科学家传记）|推理判断/细节理解等题型专项解法|通过人物事迹语篇培养文化意识与逻辑思维| |语篇填空|10题（新闻报道）|动词时态语态/非谓语等语法点综合运用|从单句语法到语篇连贯的知识迁移|

Unit 1　Science and Scientists 基础练 Ⅰ.品句填词 1.(2025全国甲卷)It’s the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame 　　　　　　getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria,Canada.  2.We had to cancel the experiment because the 　　　　　(fault) equipment couldn’t give accurate results.  3.(2025全国二卷)Our study showed that there was 　　　　　　30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.  4.(2024新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the astonishing potential of AI 　　　　　　(transform) our lives,we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future.  5.(2020新高考Ⅰ卷)...on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when 　　　　　　(suspect) of drug dealing.  6.(2025北京卷)In the ninth grade,I went in for my first group interview for a 　　　　　　(leader) position as a shy girl.  7.(2025全国二卷)Volunteering during teenage years has been linked 　　　　　　some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence.  8.(2025全国一卷)I realized it was me who was　　　　　　 fault.  9.(2025北京卷)At 15,I excelled academically yet felt 　　　　　　(使黯然失色) and unnoticed.  10.(2025浙江1月卷)The benefits are 　　　　　　(巨大的) for both gardener and planet. Ⅱ.选词填空 thanks to,above all,attend to,subscribe to,in charge of,come down with 1.Sam 　　　　　　　　　　a fever just as the exam week started,but he still insisted on taking the tests.  2.My deskmate has 　　　　　　　　　　several online learning channels to make up for her weak subjects in her spare time.  3.Luckily,the medical team arrived and 　　　　　　　　　　the injured woman.  4.(2025全国二卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live,　　　　　　　　 the absence of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air.  5.(2025全国一卷)The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning,who is 　　　　　　　　the exhibition.  6.(2024浙江1月卷)While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China,I had the kind of humbling,educational,and 　　　　　　　　　　else,wonderful encounter with a local that all travelers long for.  Ⅲ.单元语法 1.The greatest lesson I’ve learned is 　　　　　　perseverance beats talent in the long run. 2.The real value of the activity is 　　　　　　we learn about teamwork and responsibility.(应用文之活动报道)  3.The perfect moment to chase our goals is 　　　　　　we are young and full of energy.(应用文之建议信)  4.What I am eager to know is 　　　　　　I can manage my time effectively and learn efficiently.(应用文之求助信)  5.What you need to know when you choose extra-curricular activities is 　　　　　　they match your interests.(应用文之建议信)  Ⅳ.追型逐句 1.阅读经典作品不仅能拓宽我们的视野,还能加深我们对人生价值的理解。(not only...but also...)(应用文之建议信) 　　　　　　　　　　 reading classic works expand our horizons,　　　　　　　　　　　　 can deepen our understanding of life values.  2.我们为小组项目准备得如此充分,得到了老师的高度赞扬。(so...that...)(应用文之活动报道) We prepared for the group project 　　　　　　　　　　　　we received high praise from the teacher.  3.为了即将到来的文化节,我们班用彩色海报装饰了黑板。(have sth done)(应用文之活动报道) Our class 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　colorful posters for the upcoming cultural festival.  4.或许没有哪位教育家比孔子对中国传统教育的影响更深远。(比较级用于否定句表示最高级) Perhaps 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　China’s traditional education than Confucius.  5.袁隆平被誉为兼具 “坚韧不拔与无私奉献” 品质的科学家,他为研发杂交水稻、终结饥饿而不懈奋斗,是一位深受爱戴的先驱者。(过去分词作状语) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 with “perseverance and devotion” who worked tirelessly to develop hybrid rice and end hunger,Yuan Longping was a beloved pioneer.  提升练 Ⅴ.阅读理解 A In 1957 a group of physicists gathered in a lecture hall to be addressed by a Chinese American woman.As she told her recent experiment and its results,the response was dead silence for two minutes,then a thunderous applause continued for ten minutes.The woman was Chien-Shiung Wu,known as the First Lady of Physics,who transformed nuclear science through her work on the Manhattan Project and other groundbreaking experiments. Born in 1912,Wu was unlike many Chinese women of her time,and received a formal education.Fascinated by new discoveries and the story of women scientists,she entered the university to study physics and began scientific studies. It was a time of rapid change in both the field of physics and China.Domestic unrest and a bad relationship with Japan made life at home uneasy.With the help of an uncle,she immigrated to the United States for graduate school. Wu planned to go to the University of Michigan,but a tour of the University of California,Berkeley — and word that a student center at Michigan did not allow female students to enter through the front door — changed her mind.At Berkeley Wu was visible for her gender and race,her male colleagues commenting as much on her appearance as her keen mind.She quickly gained a reputation and became an expert in the newly discovered phenomenon of nuclear fission(核裂变). After graduation,she headed to Smith College to teach women physics.During World War Ⅱ Wu went to Princeton University,where she became the physics department’s first female instructor.But shortly after her arrival,her career took an unexpected turn in 1944.She ended up joining the staff at Columbia University on a top-secret research program now known as the Manhattan Project. 1.Why did the lecture cause a thunderous applause? A.Because the lecture was boring. B.Because the lecture was humorous. C.Because the lecture was excellent. D.Because the lecture was common. 2.What inspired Wu to study physics? A.The formal education she received. B.The success of women scientists. C.The background of her family. D.The rapid change in the field of physics. 3.What happened to Wu in America? A.She was looked down on at Berkeley. B.She went to the University of Michigan at first. C.She taught women physics at Princeton University. D.She joined a top-secret research program at Columbia University. 4.Which of the following best describes Wu as a scientist? A.Modest and independent. B.Creative and warm-hearted. C.Responsible and cautious. D.Committed and ambitious. B (2026福建福州六校高二上期中) College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students.Yet,Tatiana Erukhimova,who teaches physics at Texas A&M University in the United States,has managed to get her students excited about science. Known as “Dr.Tatiana”,the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm.Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up(积累) hundreds of millions of views across social media platforms.In the videos,Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments,from ping-pong balls and toilet paper to bicycle wheels and hair dryers. It’s clear that she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science.But it isn’t always that way.When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago,she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students.She was used to teaching juniors and found it easier to teach them.“In junior year,students enrolled in physics are determined to learn,” she says.“But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students,first impressions are important.Unfortunately,I did not grab their attention on the first day—that was my mistake.” In the second semester,she found her footing,adjusting her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller and get her students engaged.“Talk to your students before and after class.Walk up and down the stairs when you teach your class rather than stay on the stage,”she says.“And add showy demonstrations,which helps students connect the abstract concepts with real life.” Erukhimova has earned more than just recognition on social media.In October 2023,she was honored with a national award for science outreach for leadership in bringing the excitement of physics through innovative education programs. 5.What can we infer about Erukhimova from the first two paragraphs? A.She likes to play a trick on her students. B.She wants to be popular on social media. C.She excites widespread interest in science. D.She is passionate about making online videos. 6.Why did Erukhimova find it easier to teach juniors? A.Juniors showed a higher level of commitment to learning. B.She didn’t have to worry about first impressions. C.She used simpler teaching methods for juniors. D.Juniors could study entirely on their own. 7.How did Erukhimova find her footing in the second semester? A.By improving her communication skills. B.By following a traditional teaching method. C.By reducing the number of students in the class. D.By making herself approachable and her teaching engaging. 8.Which of the following best describes Erukhimova? A.Ambitious. B.Enthusiastic. C.Demanding. D.Hardworking. Ⅵ.七选五 (2026浙江宁波六校高二上期中) It’s not so long ago that contactless card payments were exciting and new,but the technology is already old-hat.The new,better way to pay for things in shops?By using your phone to make a contactless payment. Because traditionally,when you have paid with a card tap(轻敲) or using a chip and pin machine,ultimately the shop you are buying from will be noting down all of your card details.　1　 And this could be a problem—it means that if the shop is hacked(侵入) or plays fast and loose with its data,you could find your card number exposed to the world.  However,when you tap to pay with your device,it generates a unique ID number for that deal and sends that instead.So you can pay for your goods and the shop can get your money.　2　 That is to say,phone payments are smarter.  　3　 If a pickpocket steals your card he can immediately use up the money.But if he gets your phone,when the phone goes to pay it will typically perform a biometric check—it will ask for a finger-print or use the camera to look at your face,to check that you are who you say you are.  　4　 Because of this added security,the limit is typically higher than for contactless cards.In the UK,it’s around ￡100 for most retailers—though some shops including most supermarkets let you spend much more with just a tap of the phone.  Want to give it a try?To actually set things up,go to your Wallet app and follow the instructions.　5　 Then it will automatically recognise the numbers and connect with your bank.Usually you receive a text message with a special code on it.And then,well,you’re done.When you pay,hold your phone over the payment machine,and pay for your goods!  A.It helps to build the client list. B.The setup process varies with banks. C.No one needs to share any sensitive data. D.It’s also more effective against the threat of thefts. E.And phone payments are increasingly convenient too. F.Typically this starts by scanning your card with your phone. G.Therefore,it knows which bank account to take the money from. Ⅶ.完形填空 (2026浙江钱塘联盟高二上期中) When Susan Maushart looked around her house,she saw electronics everywhere.Besides the common items like the television and stereo,she had her own laptop and smartphone.There were also all of her children’s 　1　:cell phones and video games.Everything seemed designed to keep them 　2　 to the digital world all day.  Worried about her kids’ growing 　3　 on technology,Maushart got an idea from rereading Henry Thoreau’s Walden. Inspired by his simple living,she 　4　 doing a six-month experiment:living without the Internet,cell phones,TV,or video games.As a professional writer,she promised to write a book about their 　5　 and share the profits with her children,who agreed to try.  To start dramatically,Maushart 　6　 the house’s electricity for a few weeks.They used candles,took cold showers,and kept food in a cooler.She hoped that taking such a strict 　7　 would make the eventual return of electricity—but not the Internet or games—seem easier.  The children reacted 　8　.Ann,the eldest,had a relatively 　9　 adjustment to the family’s new lifestyle since she already enjoyed reading.Bill,who loved video games,spent more time on his saxophone and discovered a 　10　 for music.But Sussy,the youngest,struggled most.  After six months,Maushart believed the family 　11　 greatly.They interacted more,played board games,cooked together,and read more.Sussy’s school grades 　12　.  Maushart wrote the book as planned.She understands such an 　13　 isn’t for everyone but recommends “screen-free days” for families wanting to try.Her advice to parents?“If children resist,just tell them the Wi-Fi is 　14　.Sometimes,a white 　15　 can lead to a big change,” she joked.  1.A.books B.clothes C.devices D.snacks 2.A.open B.connected C.limited D.true 3.A.independence B.annoyance C.appeal D.reliance 4.A.cancelled B.forgot C.proposed D.repeated 5.A.dream B.experience C.game D.competition 6.A.switched off B.put off C.took off D.paid off 7.A.conclusion B.example C.measure D.consequence 8.A.bravely B.differently C.carefully D.quietly 9.A.instant B.social C.potential D.simple 10.A.passion B.need C.curiosity D.challenge 11.A.suffered B.complained C.stayed D.benefited 12.A.dropped B.improved C.counted D.mattered 13.A.award B.answer C.opinion D.experiment 14.A.slow B.free C.down D.busy 15.A.lie B.truth C.gift D.prize Ⅷ.语篇填空 (2026江西景德镇高二上期中) STOCKHOLM—Three US-based scientists,John Clarke,Michel H.Devoret and John M.Martinis,1.(award) the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics on Tuesday.They won the prize for their 2.　　　　　(discover) of macroscopic quantum mechanical(量子力学的) tunnelling and energy quantisation in an electric circuit—a breakthrough opening new doors for quantum technology.  The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences praised their experiments,saying they revealed quantum physics in action.It stressed that 3.　　　　　 makes the discovery special is its mix of theory and practice:it not only confirms a key quantum principle,but also provides a 4.　　　　　　(practice) solution for testing quantum effects in real-world devices.  Quantum mechanics allows particles 5.　　　　　(pass) through barriers,a process 6.　　　　　　(call) tunnelling.Normally,such effects fade when many particles are involved,7.　　　　　　 their experiments showed quantum behavior can still appear on a large scale.  8.　　　　　　(build) on this finding,researchers have developed new quantum tools,like ultra-sensitive sensors.“Quantum mechanics is not just a theory—it serves 9.　　　　　　 the basis of all digital technology we use now,” said Olle Eriksson,chair of the Nobel Committee for Physics.He added that the prize is a reminder of how basic science can drive technological change 10.　　　　　　(remarkable).  参考答案 基础练 Ⅰ.1.for　2.faulty　3.a　4.to transform　5.suspected　6.leadership　7.to　8.at　9.overshadowed　10.substantial Ⅱ.1.came down with　2.subscribed to　3.attended to　　4.thanks to　5.in charge of　6.above all Ⅲ.1.that　2.what　3.when　4.how　5.whether Ⅳ.1.Not only can;but it also　2.so carefully that　3.had the blackboard decorated with　4.no other educator has had a greater influence on　5.Described/Honored as a scientist 提升练 Ⅴ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“物理界第一夫人”吴健雄的生平,讲述了她的求学经历、科研之路以及对核科学的贡献。 1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As she told her recent experiment and its results,the response was dead silence for two minutes,then a thunderous applause continued for ten minutes.”可知,当她向听众介绍她的实验和结果后,现场先是沉默了两分钟,随后是长达十分钟的雷鸣般的掌声,由此可推知,她的演讲很精彩。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Fascinated by new discoveries and the story of women scientists,she entered the university to study physics and began scientific studies.”可知,吴健雄被新发现和女科学家的故事所吸引,所以选择学习物理。 3.D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But shortly after her...program now known as the Manhattan Project.”可知,吴健雄到美国后,加入了哥伦比亚大学的一个绝密研究项目,该项目现在被称为曼哈顿计划。 4.D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The woman was Chien-Shiung Wu,...other groundbreaking experiments.”、第四段以及最后一段中的“After graduation,she headed to Smith College to teach women ...where she became the physics department’s first female instructor.”可知,吴健雄致力于物理学的研究,并取得很多开创性的成果,故她是一个具有奉献精神和有雄心的科学家。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了美国得克萨斯农工大学的物理学教授Tatiana Erukhimova有创意地教学生们物理知识,激发了学生们对科学的热爱。 5.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Yet,Tatiana Erukhimova,who teaches physics at Texas A&M University in the United States,has managed to get her students excited about science”以及第二段中的“Known as ‘Dr.Tatiana’,the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm.Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up hundreds of millions of views across social media platforms.”可知,她不仅让自己的学生对科学兴奋,其演示视频在社交媒体上也广受欢迎,这表明她激发了人们对科学的广泛兴趣。故选C项。 6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘In junior year,students enrolled in physics are determined to learn,’she says.”可知,大三学生对学习物理有决心,也就是大三学生在学习上表现出更高的投入程度,所以Erukhimova 觉得教大三学生更容易。故选A项。 7.D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“‘Talk to your students before and after class.Walk up and down the stairs when you teach your class rather than stay on the stage,’she says.‘And add showy demonstrations,which helps students connect the abstract concepts with real life.’”可知,她通过课上课后和学生交流,在上课时在教室走动而不是只待在讲台上,让自己更亲近学生,还增加引人注目的演示,使教学更具吸引力,从而在第二学期站稳了脚跟。故选D项。 8.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Known as ‘Dr.Tatiana’,the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm”可知,她是热情的。故选B项。 Ⅵ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了非接触式手机支付的好处以及设置方式。 1.G　上文“Because traditionally,when you have paid with a...are buying from will be noting down all of your card details.”描述原因,空处应是接着说结果,G项符合语境,故选G项。 2.C　根据上文“However,when you tap to pay with your...that instead.So you can pay for your goods and the shop can get your money.”可知,支付时形成的ID是一次性的也是唯一的,因此个人信息不会或数据不会被分享出去。C项符合语境,故选C项。 3.D　根据本段中的“But if he gets your phone,when the...to check that you are who you say you are.”可知,本段是说手机支付能防止盗刷钱财,D项符合语境,故选D项。 4.E　根据下文“Because of this added security,the limit is...supermarkets let you spend much more with just a tap of the phone.”可知,本段是说手机支付的便捷,E项符合语境,故选E项。 5.F　根据上文“To actually set things up,go to your Wallet app and follow the instructions.”及下文“Then it will automatically recognise the numbers and connect with your bank.”可知,空处是描述设置手机支付的第一步,F项符合语境,故选F项。 Ⅶ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Susan Maushart因担心孩子过度依赖科技,受《瓦尔登湖》启发开展六个月无电子设备实验,家人从中受益,她也给出相关家庭建议的事。 1.C　根据下文“cell phones and video games”可知,下文提及的都是电子设备。故选C项。 2.B　根据常识可知,电子设备的核心功能是让人们与数字世界建立联系。故选B项。 3.D　根据下文“Inspired by his simple living,she 　　　doing a six-month experiment:living without the Internet,cell phones,TV,or video games.”可推测,她是担心孩子们对科技过度依赖才开展实验。故选D项。  4.C　根据下文“doing a six-month experiment:living without the Internet,cell phones,TV,or video games.”以及“she promised to write a book about their 　　　and share the profits with her children,who agreed to try.”可推测,她提议做一个实验。故选C项。  5.B　句意:作为一名职业作家,她承诺将他们的经历写成一本书,并与她的孩子们分享收益,孩子们也同意尝试。根据句意可知,她作为作家,要写的是家人无科技生活的经历,实验过程属于亲身经历。故选B项。 6.A　根据下文“They used candles,took cold showers,and kept food in a cooler.”可知,她关掉了家里的电。故选A项。 7.C　空处指的是上文提到的“To start dramatically,Maushart 　　　the house’s electricity for a few weeks.”这一举措。故选C项。  8.B　根据下文“Ann,the eldest,had a relatively 　　　adjustment...saxophone and discovered a 　　　for music.But Sussy,the youngest,struggled most.”可知,孩子们的反应各不相同。故选B项。  9.A　根据下文“since she already enjoyed reading”可推测,Ann因为喜欢阅读,所以立即适应了新的生活方式。故选A项。 10.A　根据上文“Bill,who loved video games,spent more time on his saxophone”可知,Bill从沉迷游戏转向萨克斯,是发现了对音乐的热爱。故选A项。 11.D　根据下文“They interacted more,played board games,cooked together,and read more”可知,大家互动增多、玩桌游、一起做饭、阅读量增加,这些都是积极的变化,说明家人从实验中受益良多。故选D项。 12.B　根据上文“After six months,Maushart believed the family 　　　greatly.”可知,家庭整体受益,无科技干扰下学习更专注,Sussy的成绩自然会提高。故选B项。  13.D　此处指的是上文提到的六个月的实验并不适合所有人。故选D项。 14.C　根据下文“Sometimes,a white 　　　can lead to a big change”可推测,她认为善意的谎言是有用的。由此可知,此处指的是孩子拒绝的话可以骗孩子Wi-Fi断了。故选C项。  15.A　根据上文“If children resist,just tell them the Wi-Fi is 　　　.”可知,说Wi-Fi 坏了是善意的谎言,目的是让孩子接受无屏幕生活。故选A项。  Ⅷ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了2025年诺贝尔物理学奖的获奖情况,三位美国科学家因发现电路中的宏观量子力学隧穿效应和能量量子化而获奖。 1.were awarded　考查动词时态语态。空处作谓语,根据时间状语on Tuesday可知,此处应使用一般过去时,award与主语之间为被动关系,所以使用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语为复数名词,所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。故填were awarded。 2.discovery　考查名词。空处应为名词作宾语,discover的名词为discovery意为“发现”,且为不可数名词。故填discovery。 3.what　考查主语从句。空格处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,指物,需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 4.practical　考查形容词。修饰名词solution需用形容词practical。故填practical。 5.to pass　考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb/sth to do sth,意为“允许某人/某物做某事”,所以此处应为不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to pass。 6.called　考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词process,call与名词process之间为被动关系,所以使用过去分词形式。故填called。 7.but　考查连词。前半句“这类效应会减弱”与后半句“他们的实验显示量子行为仍能大规模出现”是转折关系,故用but连接。故填but。 8.Building　考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词作状语,build与逻辑主语researchers之间为主动关系,所以使用现在分词形式作状语,且位于句首时首字母需大写。故填Building。 9.as　考查介词。固定短语serve as意为“充当,作为”。故填as。 10.remarkably　考查副词。空处应为副词作状语修饰动词drive,remarkable的副词为remarkably,意为“显著地”。故填remarkably。 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $