Unit 1 Section Ⅳ Assessing Your Progress & Video Time-【金版教程】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册作业与测评word（人教版2019）

英语 选择性必修·第二册[人教版]作业与测评 Section Ⅳ　Assessing Your Progress & Video Time 课时作业(六) Ⅰ　阅读 　　(2024·山东省百师联盟高二上联考)One of the winners of Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal. When describing his career, Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world”． 　 Meldal's experience may come as a surprise to students. They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful. But a study from professors at Michigan State University shows that is not always the case. 　 Michele Root­Bernstein and Robert Root­Bernstein (her husband) published their study in the Creativity Research Journal. They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as “polymaths”． 　 The writers looked at past Nobel Prize winners and their students. They decided that when students of winners go on to win Nobel Prizes, some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests. They are, in a way, learning how to be creative. 　Having many interests, the Root­Bernsteins wrote, permits scientists to look for creative ways to solve problems. In fact, one important part of science is not discovering answers, but recognizing problems that need to be solved. 　 The prize winners, the Root­Bernsteins said, transfer “skills, techniques and materials from one field to another”. They said Alexis Carrel won his Nobel Prize in medicine in 1912 by using techniques he learned from the clothing business. He realized that people who used thread to make and fix clothing had a skill that could be used in operations to put new organs into people's bodies. 　The Michigan State University professors study creativity. They found Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood, metal or in the arts than most scientists. The researchers say that unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up some of their outside interests, Nobel winners believe their hobbies are important to creativity. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，许多诺贝尔奖获得者都是博学多才的人，他们有广泛的兴趣爱好，而这对创造力非常重要。 1．What comes as a surprise to students according to the passage? A．Meldal's winning Nobel Prize. B．Meldal's original working field. C．Meldal's desire to understand the world. D．Meldal's study with Michigan State University. 答案：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When describing his career ... he ‘wanted to understand the world’．”和第二段中的“Meldal's experience may ... one field to be successful.”可知，学生们可能认为自己必须集中精力于一个领域才能获得成功，但Meldal (梅尔达尔)却不是这样，他最初是工程师，后来才转学化学，他的经历让学生们很吃惊，所以让学生们感到惊讶的是Meldal最初的工作领域。故选B。 2．What kind of people can be sorted as “polymaths”？ A．People who are equipped with various interests. B．People who only concentrated on just one field. C．People who are committed lifelong to their career. D．People who are admired for established achievements. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They said that a large number of ... described as ‘polymaths’．(他们说，许多诺贝尔奖获得者可以被称为‘博学的人’。)”和第四段中的“They decided that when ... with many interests.(他们认为，当获奖者的学生接着获得诺贝尔奖时，他们从老师那里学到的一些东西是如何过一种兴趣多样的生活。)”可推知，可以被归类为“博学的人”的是有各种各样兴趣爱好的人。故选A。 3．What's the author's attitude towards the Root­Bernsteins' discovery? A．Subjective. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Opposed. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Having many interests ... to solve problems.(Root­Bernstein (鲁特·伯恩斯特)夫妇写道，兴趣广泛使科学家能够寻找创造性的方法来解决问题。)”可知，本文作者只是转述Root­Bernstein夫妇的发现，因此作者对于Root­Bernstein夫妇的发现持客观态度。故选C。 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．A Creative Scientist B．An Amazing Rise to Fame C．A Born Nobel Prize Winner D．A Secret to Winning Top Prize 答案：D　标题判断题。研究发现，许多诺贝尔奖获得者是博学多才的人，这可以说是获得诺贝尔奖的秘诀，因此D项(赢得最高奖的秘诀)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 Ⅱ　七选五 　　(2024·广东省汕头市高二上期末) How to Succeed in Science 　　To succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck. In my view, you have to combine intelligence with willingness not to follow conventions when they block your path forward. Thus, these have come to be my rules for success. 　　•__1__ 　　That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself. It's like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was. If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn't simply to win; it's to win at something really difficult. __2__ 　　•Take risks. 　　__3__ If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes. This can be more than personally upsetting. 　　•Never do anything that bores you. 　　My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leave you alone. __4__ In fact, I even find it hard to do well in something I like. 　　It's very hard to succeed if you don't want to be with other scientists—you have to go to key meetings where you find key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them unpleasant. So my final rule is: __5__ A．Avoid foolish people. B．Meet challenges with great courage. C．I'm not good enough to do well in something I dislike. D．If you can't stand to be with your real peers, get out of science. E．Be sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess. F．To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. G．Put another way, it's to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在科学上取得成功的一些经验和方法。 1．A　设空处为段落小标题。根据下文“That might sound proud ... as bad as I was.”可知，本段建议我们要和比自己聪明的人相处。A项(避免愚蠢的人。)概括下文。故选A。 2．G　根据上文“And in the game ... something really difficult. (在科学或人生的游戏中，最高目标不仅仅是获胜；而是在非常困难的事情上获胜。)”可知，G项(换句话说，就是超越自己的能力，取得成功。)承接上文，进一步解释获胜的含义。故选G。 3．F　根据下文“If you are going to ... more than personally upsetting.”可知，本段主要介绍了在科学上获得成功的困难。F项(为了取得巨大的成功，科学家必须准备好陷入大麻烦。)引出下文。故选F。 4．C　根据下文“In fact, I even find it hard to do well in something I like. (事实上，我甚至发现很难做好我喜欢的事情。)”可知，C项(我不够好，不能做好我不喜欢的事情。)引出下文。故选C。 5．D　根据上文“It's very hard ... find them unpleasant.”可知，想在科学上取得成功，必须和他人相处协作。D项(如果你不能忍受和你真正的同行在一起，那就离开科学吧。)承接上文。故选D。 Ⅲ　语法填空 　　(2024·山东省青岛第二中学高二上期中)How deep can a person dive underwater without any breathing equipment? As one of the world's top female __1__ (freediver), China's Xu Tongtong's answer is beyond the limit. 　 Freediving is gaining __2__ (popular) across the world. Divers rely only on their lung capacity to plunge as far as they can—either in open water in so­called “depth” events or in the swimming pool, __3__ (simple) called “pool” events. 　In 2023, the 35­year­old Xu dived 100 meters underwater __4__ (success) in both constant weight (CWT) and constant weight bifin (CWTB) contests, becoming only the third female freediver on the planet __5__ (reach) this depth. “When I dived 100 meters and grabbed the depth tag, I knew I had done it and __6__ (swim) back to the surface with a smile，” Xu joyfully recalled of her __7__ (history) feat (壮举)． 　 Hailing from East China's Anhui Province, Xu changed from swimming to freediving in 2014. “I was able to enter the three­dimensional world from a two­dimensional space. That is __8__ I fell in love with freediving，” she told Xinhua in an exclusive interview. The biggest attraction of freediving lies __9__ facing up to and overcoming our fears. The training is a process of constantly knowing oneself, said Xu. After three months of training and competing in Panglao, Xu decided to stay on the island to continue her training and coaching, __10__ major source of income for this world­class freediver. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了超越极限的自由潜水运动和世界顶级自由潜水员徐童彤。 1．freedivers　考查名词。“one of＋名词复数”表示“……之一”，为固定搭配。故填freedivers。 2．popularity　考查词性转换。句意：自由潜水在全世界受到欢迎。此处应用名词popularity作宾语，意为“受欢迎度”，为不可数名词。故填popularity。 3．simply　考查词性转换。此处修饰非谓语动词called，应用副词simply作状语。故填simply。 4．successfully　考查词性转换。修饰动词dived，应用副词。故填successfully。 5．to reach　考查非谓语动词。设空前名词freediver由序数词the third修饰，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to reach。 6．swam　考查动词的时态。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填swam。 7．historic　考查词性转换。此处修饰名词feat，表示“具有历史意义的”，应用形容词historic作定语。故填historic。 8．why　考查表语从句的连接词。此处引导表语从句，表示“为什么”，应用why引导。故填why。 9．in　考查介词。句意：自由潜水最大的吸引力在于直面并克服我们的恐惧。固定短语lie in意为“在于”。故填in。 10．a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一种主要的收入来源”，且major的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 Ⅳ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　(2024·浙江高考1月)Eva spent the first week of high school trying to keep her head above water. One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building. It was a six­story building. On each floor, hallways stretched in four directions, leading to classrooms, laboratories, and teachers' offices. Somewhere in the building, there was also a library, a cafeteria, and a gym. 　 Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building. All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let alone commit to memory. She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn't exist. 　 In her first PE class, Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside. She searched the faces of her classmates for signs of panic. There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile. To Eva, “a mile” was used to describe long distances. It was ten miles from her home to her grandfather's, and that always seemed like a long way, even in a car! 　 When Coach Pitt blew his whistle (哨子), Eva figured she would be left in the dust. However, while some of her classmates edged ahead, others actually fell behind. “It's just the beginning，” she thought. “I'll come in last for sure.” 　Soon Eva began to breathe hard, with her heart pounding and legs shaking. Feeling desperate, Eva started using a mind trick on herself. She stopped thinking about the word “mile”. Instead, she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead. Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved (拐弯). After that, she tried to see if she could complete her first lap. One lap turned into two, then three, then four. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 　　When Coach Pitt said “Nice work！” to her at the finish line, Eva was surprised. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了高中生Eva (伊娃)因为方向感差，经常在学校里迷路。体育课上，教练Pitt (皮特)要求每个人跑一英里，Eva对跑步极度恐惧，认为自己无法完成。Eva感到绝望时想到了一个心理技巧：不再想一英里的距离，而是专注于容易完成的小目标，用这个技巧Eva成功地跑完了一英里。在听到教练的鼓励后，Eva有何感受？Eva是通过什么方法攻克了校园建筑的复杂性的？ [精彩范文] 　　When Coach Pitt said “Nice work！” to her at the finish line, Eva was surprised. Despite her initial doubts, she had not only completed the mile but had also kept pace with many of her classmates. Her heart still pounded from the exertion, and her legs were weak, but she felt a sense of accomplishment. Breaking the frightening distance into smaller, achievable targets had made the impossible possible. She realized that focusing on immediate, reachable goals, like the next bend in the track or the shadow of a tree, had distracted her from the overwhelming idea of the mile. 　　Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building. Instead of being intimidated by its enormity, she broke it up into manageable sections. First, she focused on memorizing the route from the entrance to her first class. Gradually, she added other landmarks—the library, the cafeteria, the gym—to her mental map. Day by day, what was once complex became a series of familiar pathways. Mirroring her success on the track, mastering the layout of the school marked yet another step in her journey towards self－confidence and adaptability. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$