Unit 4 Period 1 Reading and Thinking（分层作业）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 本同步练习以A、B、C组及拓展分层设计，通过词汇-句型-语篇递进路径巩固Unit 4 Period 1 Reading and Thinking知识点，兼顾基础夯实与思维提升，适配新授课教学需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|词汇（短语翻译、单词拼写）、基础语法（单句填空）|题型基础，聚焦语言能力，巩固核心词汇与语法点| |B组|句型应用（完成句子）、语篇语法填空|整合词汇语法，培养综合语言运用能力，衔接基础与语篇| |C组|阅读理解、七选五|聚焦语篇分析与逻辑推理，提升思维品质，渗透文化意识| |拓展|高考真题七选五|对接高考题型，发展学习能力，强化应试素养|

分层作业 Unit 4 Period 1 Reading and Thinking 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 与……互动 2. 因文化而异 3. 眼神交流 4. 相比之下 5. 弯腰 6. 打破障碍 7. 做出推断 8. 挺直腰板 9. 占用（时间/空间） 10. 因……而苦恼 2、 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our __________ (互动) with other people. 2. Often, body language __________ (变化) greatly from culture to culture. 3. It is crucial to behave in an __________ (恰当的) way when you are in a foreign country. 4. In Japan, looking down when talking to an older person may __________ (表明) respect. 5. We can __________ (理解) what people are thinking by watching their body language. 6. The two gestures may look __________ (完全相同的), but they have opposite meanings. 7. Even the gestures we use for "yes" and "no" __________ (不同) around the world. 8. Someone who __________ (目睹) another person employing the gesture might think it means money in Japan. 9. We can use a smile to break down __________ (障碍) between strangers. 10. The teacher's __________ (愤怒) was clearly shown on his face. 三、单句语法填空。 1. We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by __________ (watch) their body language. 2. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect __________ (look) down when talking to an older person. 3. The gesture for "OK" has different meanings, __________ (vary) from country to country. 4. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and __________ (find) friends in a world of strangers. 5. People in Bulgaria use gestures that __________ (differ) from those in many other countries. 6. Some gestures may seem identical, but they can be __________ (interpret) differently in different cultures. 7. In many Middle Eastern countries, eye contact between men and women is not always __________ (approve) of. 8. The crucial thing is to behave in a way that is __________ (appropriate) to the culture you are in. 9. The educator __________ (witness) many cultural conflicts during his years of teaching abroad. 10.Hand gestures __________ (employ) by speakers to emphasize their points in many cultures. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 肢体语言因文化而异，了解这些差异对于跨文化交流至关重要。 Body language __________, and understanding these differences is crucial for cross-cultural communication. 2. 当你与长辈交谈时，低头可能是一种表示尊重的方式。 When you talk to an older person, looking down may __________. 3. 微笑可以帮助我们度过困难时期，并在陌生人的世界里找到朋友。 A smile can help us __________ and __________ in a world of strangers. 4. 在法国，人们见面时可能会亲吻朋友的脸颊，而在其他国家，人们更喜欢握手。 In France, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet, while in other countries, people __________. 5. 有些手势看似相同，但在不同文化中却有着截然不同的含义。 Some gestures may seem __________, but they have completely different meanings in different cultures. 6. 学习肢体语言可以帮助我们打破不同背景人群之间的障碍。 Learning about body language can help us __________ between people from different backgrounds. 7. 通过观察他们的面部表情，我们可以对他们真实的想法做出推断。 By watching their facial expressions, we can __________ about what people are really thinking. 8. 在许多西方文化中，保持眼神交流表示感兴趣；相比之下，在一些亚洲文化中，这可能被视为无礼。 In many Western cultures, maintaining eye contact shows interest; __________, in some Asian cultures, it may be considered rude. 9. 在法国，遇到相同手势的人可能会将其理解为"零"的意思。 In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may __________ meaning zero. 10.他在面试前挺直腰板，试图让自己看起来更自信。 He __________ and tried to look more confident before the interview. 5、 语法填空 Body language is a powerful form of non-verbal communication. We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our 1.__________ (interact) with other people. We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language. Often, body language 2.__________ (vary) from culture to culture. The crucial thing is to behave in a way that is 3.__________ (appropriate) to the culture you are in. Making eye contact—looking into someone's eyes—in some cultures displays interest. In other countries, by 4.__________ (contrast), eye contact is not always approved of. For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not permitted to make eye contact. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect 5.__________ (look) down when talking to an older person. The gesture for "OK" has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person 6.__________ (employ) the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it 7.__________ meaning zero. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany,8.__________ it is not considered polite. Even the gestures we use for "yes" and "no" 9.__________ (differ) around the world. In many countries, shaking one's head means "no", and nodding means "yes". By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning. Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the best example is smiling. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can break down 10.__________ (barrier). We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. 6、 阅读理解 Body language is a kind of non-verbal communication that plays a crucial role in our daily interactions. However, what is considered acceptable in one culture may be seen as offensive in another. Eye contact is one of the most obvious examples. In Western cultures such as the United States and many European countries, maintaining direct eye contact during a conversation is generally considered a sign of confidence, respect, and honesty. People who avoid eye contact may be viewed as untrustworthy or lacking in confidence. However, this is not a universal rule. In many Asian, African, and Latin American cultures, prolonged eye contact is often seen as disrespectful, especially when directed at elders or people of higher social status. In Japan, for instance, looking down when speaking to an older person is a way to demonstrate respect. Personal space is another aspect that varies significantly across cultures. People from the United States, Canada, and Northern Europe tend to prefer more personal space during conversations. Standing too close to them may make them feel uncomfortable or threatened. In contrast, people from Latin America, the Middle East, and Southern Europe are generally more comfortable standing closer to each other. What one culture considers a normal conversational distance, another might view as an invasion of privacy. Gestures can also lead to misunderstandings. The "OK" sign, formed by making a circle with the thumb and index finger, is positive in many Western cultures. However, in Brazil and Germany, it is considered rude. In Japan, the same gesture might be interpreted as a symbol for money, while in France it can mean "zero" or "worthless". Similarly, the "thumbs-up" gesture, which is widely used to express approval in Western countries, is offensive in parts of the Middle East and West Africa. Touching is yet another area where cultural norms differ. In Mediterranean and Latin American cultures, touching during a conversation is common and often seen as a sign of warmth and friendliness. However, in many Asian cultures, particularly in Japan and South Korea, public touching is generally avoided, as it may be considered inappropriate. Understanding these cultural differences in body language is essential for effective cross-cultural communication. By being aware of how body language varies from culture to culture, we can avoid misunderstandings and show respect for people from different backgrounds. 1. In Western cultures, maintaining eye contact during a conversation usually indicates ________. A. Disrespect B. lack of confidence C. confidence and honesty D. shyness 2. In Japan, looking down when talking to an older person is considered ________. A. Rude B. respectful C. dishonest D. unimportant 3. What does the underlined word "invasion" in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Protection B. Violation C. Respect D. Appreciation 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Body language is more important than verbal communication. B. Western cultures value eye contact more than Eastern cultures. C. Body language varies from culture to culture and can cause misunderstandings. D. People should avoid using gestures when communicating with foreigners. 七、七选五 Have you ever wondered what someone is really thinking, even when their words say something different? The answer often lies in their body language. 1 Here are some tips to help you understand what people are really saying. 2 When someone maintains eye contact with you during a conversation, it usually means they are interested and paying attention. However, if they keep looking away or rubbing their eyes, they may be tired, uncomfortable, or even dishonest. Remember that in some cultures, prolonged eye contact is considered rude, so context matters. Pay attention to facial expressions. 3 A genuine smile, which involves not just the mouth but also the eyes, indicates real happiness or friendliness. On the other hand, a forced smile may suggest that someone is just being polite or hiding their true feelings. Frowning or furrowing the brow often signals confusion, worry, or disagreement. Notice hand gestures and posture. Open gestures, such as spreading your arms or showing your palms, usually suggest openness and honesty. 4 Similarly, if someone is leaning forward, they are likely engaged in the conversation. If they are leaning back with crossed arms, they may be defensive or uninterested. Finally, consider the context and cultural background. 5 What means "OK" in one country might be offensive in another. Always consider the cultural context before drawing conclusions about someone's body language. A. A person's face can reveal a lot about their emotions. B. Start by observing the eyes. C. Body language accounts for a large part of human communication. D. In contrast, closed gestures like crossed arms may indicate resistance. E. The same gesture can have very different meanings in different cultures. F. It is important to maintain eye contact at all times. G. Learning to read these signals takes practice and patience. （2025·全国一卷·七选五） An Unsung Hero Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. 1 Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 2 . As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 3 .“I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve. One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 4 . “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. “I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. 5 . She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B. She has two children aged eight and four. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 4 Period 1 Reading and Thinking 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 与……互动 2. 因文化而异 3. 眼神交流 4. 相比之下 5. 弯腰 6. 打破障碍 7. 做出推断 8. 挺直腰板 9. 占用（时间/空间） 10. 因……而苦恼 【答案】 1.interact with / have an interaction with 2.vary from culture to culture 3.(make) eye contact 4.by contrast 5.bend down 6.break down barriers 7.make inferences 8.straighten up 9.take up / occupy 10.be bothered by 2、 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our __________ (互动) with other people. 2. Often, body language __________ (变化) greatly from culture to culture. 3. It is crucial to behave in an __________ (恰当的) way when you are in a foreign country. 4. In Japan, looking down when talking to an older person may __________ (表明) respect. 5. We can __________ (理解) what people are thinking by watching their body language. 6. The two gestures may look __________ (完全相同的), but they have opposite meanings. 7. Even the gestures we use for "yes" and "no" __________ (不同) around the world. 8. Someone who __________ (目睹) another person employing the gesture might think it means money in Japan. 9. We can use a smile to break down __________ (障碍) between strangers. 10. The teacher's __________ (愤怒) was clearly shown on his face. 【答案】 1.interactions 2.varies 3.appropriate 4.demonstrate 5.interpret 6.identical 7.differ 8.witnesses 9.barriers 10.anger 三、单句语法填空。 1. We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by __________ (watch) their body language. 2. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect __________ (look) down when talking to an older person. 3. The gesture for "OK" has different meanings, __________ (vary) from country to country. 4. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and __________ (find) friends in a world of strangers. 5. People in Bulgaria use gestures that __________ (differ) from those in many other countries. 6. Some gestures may seem identical, but they can be __________ (interpret) differently in different cultures. 7. In many Middle Eastern countries, eye contact between men and women is not always __________ (approve) of. 8. The crucial thing is to behave in a way that is __________ (appropriate) to the culture you are in. 9. The educator __________ (witness) many cultural conflicts during his years of teaching abroad. 10.Hand gestures __________ (employ) by speakers to emphasize their points in many cultures. 【答案】 1.watching 2.to look 3.varying 4.find 5.differ 6.interpreted 7.approved 8.appropriate 9.has witnessed 10.are employed 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 肢体语言因文化而异，了解这些差异对于跨文化交流至关重要。 Body language __________, and understanding these differences is crucial for cross-cultural communication. 2. 当你与长辈交谈时，低头可能是一种表示尊重的方式。 When you talk to an older person, looking down may __________. 3. 微笑可以帮助我们度过困难时期，并在陌生人的世界里找到朋友。 A smile can help us __________ and __________ in a world of strangers. 4. 在法国，人们见面时可能会亲吻朋友的脸颊，而在其他国家，人们更喜欢握手。 In France, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet, while in other countries, people __________. 5. 有些手势看似相同，但在不同文化中却有着截然不同的含义。 Some gestures may seem __________, but they have completely different meanings in different cultures. 6. 学习肢体语言可以帮助我们打破不同背景人群之间的障碍。 Learning about body language can help us __________ between people from different backgrounds. 7. 通过观察他们的面部表情，我们可以对他们真实的想法做出推断。 By watching their facial expressions, we can __________ about what people are really thinking. 8. 在许多西方文化中，保持眼神交流表示感兴趣；相比之下，在一些亚洲文化中，这可能被视为无礼。 In many Western cultures, maintaining eye contact shows interest; __________, in some Asian cultures, it may be considered rude. 9. 在法国，遇到相同手势的人可能会将其理解为"零"的意思。 In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may __________ meaning zero. 10.他在面试前挺直腰板，试图让自己看起来更自信。 He __________ and tried to look more confident before the interview. 【答案】 1.varies from culture to culture 2.demonstrate respect / be a way to demonstrate respect 3.get through difficult situations; find friends 4.favour shaking hands / favour a handshake 5.identical 6.break down barriers 7.make inferences 8.by contrast 9.interpret it as 10.straightened up 5、 语法填空 Body language is a powerful form of non-verbal communication. We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our 1.__________ (interact) with other people. We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language. Often, body language 2.__________ (vary) from culture to culture. The crucial thing is to behave in a way that is 3.__________ (appropriate) to the culture you are in. Making eye contact—looking into someone's eyes—in some cultures displays interest. In other countries, by 4.__________ (contrast), eye contact is not always approved of. For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not permitted to make eye contact. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect 5.__________ (look) down when talking to an older person. The gesture for "OK" has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person 6.__________ (employ) the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it 7.__________ meaning zero. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany,8.__________ it is not considered polite. Even the gestures we use for "yes" and "no" 9.__________ (differ) around the world. In many countries, shaking one's head means "no", and nodding means "yes". By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning. Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the best example is smiling. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can break down 10.__________ (barrier). We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了肢体语言在不同文化中的差异及其重要作用。 1.interactions 考查名词。形容词性物主代词our后接名词，interaction为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式。故填interactions。 2.varies 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语body language为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填varies。 3.appropriate 考查形容词。此处为"be appropriate to"结构，应用形容词作表语。故填appropriate。 4.contrast 考查名词。by contrast为固定短语，意为"相比之下"。故填contrast。 5.to look 考查非谓语动词。此处为"it demonstrates respect to do sth"结构，it为形式主语，不定式作真正主语。故填to look。 6.employing 考查非谓语动词。witness sb doing sth为固定搭配，意为"目睹某人正在做某事"。故填employing。 7.as 考查介词。interpret...as...为固定搭配，意为"把……理解为……"。故填as。 8.as/because/since 考查连词。此处引导原因状语从句，解释在德国和巴西应避免该手势的原因。故填as/because/since。 9.differ 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语gestures为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填differ。 10.barriers考查名词复数。barrier为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式。故填barriers。 6、 阅读理解 Body language is a kind of non-verbal communication that plays a crucial role in our daily interactions. However, what is considered acceptable in one culture may be seen as offensive in another. Eye contact is one of the most obvious examples. In Western cultures such as the United States and many European countries, maintaining direct eye contact during a conversation is generally considered a sign of confidence, respect, and honesty. People who avoid eye contact may be viewed as untrustworthy or lacking in confidence. However, this is not a universal rule. In many Asian, African, and Latin American cultures, prolonged eye contact is often seen as disrespectful, especially when directed at elders or people of higher social status. In Japan, for instance, looking down when speaking to an older person is a way to demonstrate respect. Personal space is another aspect that varies significantly across cultures. People from the United States, Canada, and Northern Europe tend to prefer more personal space during conversations. Standing too close to them may make them feel uncomfortable or threatened. In contrast, people from Latin America, the Middle East, and Southern Europe are generally more comfortable standing closer to each other. What one culture considers a normal conversational distance, another might view as an invasion of privacy. Gestures can also lead to misunderstandings. The "OK" sign, formed by making a circle with the thumb and index finger, is positive in many Western cultures. However, in Brazil and Germany, it is considered rude. In Japan, the same gesture might be interpreted as a symbol for money, while in France it can mean "zero" or "worthless". Similarly, the "thumbs-up" gesture, which is widely used to express approval in Western countries, is offensive in parts of the Middle East and West Africa. Touching is yet another area where cultural norms differ. In Mediterranean and Latin American cultures, touching during a conversation is common and often seen as a sign of warmth and friendliness. However, in many Asian cultures, particularly in Japan and South Korea, public touching is generally avoided, as it may be considered inappropriate. Understanding these cultural differences in body language is essential for effective cross-cultural communication. By being aware of how body language varies from culture to culture, we can avoid misunderstandings and show respect for people from different backgrounds. 1. In Western cultures, maintaining eye contact during a conversation usually indicates ________. A. Disrespect B. lack of confidence C. confidence and honesty D. shyness 2. In Japan, looking down when talking to an older person is considered ________. A. Rude B. respectful C. dishonest D. unimportant 3. What does the underlined word "invasion" in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Protection B. Violation C. Respect D. Appreciation 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Body language is more important than verbal communication. B. Western cultures value eye contact more than Eastern cultures. C. Body language varies from culture to culture and can cause misunderstandings. D. People should avoid using gestures when communicating with foreigners. 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了肢体语言在不同文化中的差异。 1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段"In Western cultures... maintaining direct eye contact during a conversation is generally considered a sign of confidence, respect, and honesty."可知，在西方文化中，保持眼神交流通常被视为自信和诚实的标志。故选C。 2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段"In Japan, for instance, looking down when speaking to an older person is a way to demonstrate respect."可知，在日本，与长辈交谈时低头被视为表示尊重。故选B。 3.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段"Standing too close to them may make them feel uncomfortable or threatened."可知，站得太近会让他人感到不适，因此"invasion of privacy"应指对隐私的"侵犯"。violation意为"侵犯"，与invasion 4. C 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段"what is considered acceptable in one culture may be seen as offensive in another"可知，文章主要说明肢体语言因文化而异，并可能导致误解。故选C 七、七选五 Have you ever wondered what someone is really thinking, even when their words say something different? The answer often lies in their body language. 1 Here are some tips to help you understand what people are really saying. 2 When someone maintains eye contact with you during a conversation, it usually means they are interested and paying attention. However, if they keep looking away or rubbing their eyes, they may be tired, uncomfortable, or even dishonest. Remember that in some cultures, prolonged eye contact is considered rude, so context matters. Pay attention to facial expressions. 3 A genuine smile, which involves not just the mouth but also the eyes, indicates real happiness or friendliness. On the other hand, a forced smile may suggest that someone is just being polite or hiding their true feelings. Frowning or furrowing the brow often signals confusion, worry, or disagreement. Notice hand gestures and posture. Open gestures, such as spreading your arms or showing your palms, usually suggest openness and honesty. 4 Similarly, if someone is leaning forward, they are likely engaged in the conversation. If they are leaning back with crossed arms, they may be defensive or uninterested. Finally, consider the context and cultural background. 5 What means "OK" in one country might be offensive in another. Always consider the cultural context before drawing conclusions about someone's body language. A. A person's face can reveal a lot about their emotions. B. Start by observing the eyes. C. Body language accounts for a large part of human communication. D. In contrast, closed gestures like crossed arms may indicate resistance. E. The same gesture can have very different meanings in different cultures. F. It is important to maintain eye contact at all times. G. Learning to read these signals takes practice and patience. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何正确解读肢体语言的几点建议。 1.C根据上文"The answer often lies in their body language."可知，肢体语言蕴含丰富信息，C项"Body language accounts for a large part of human communication."进一步说明肢体语言在交流中的重要性，承接上文，引出下文的建议。故选C。 2.B根据下文"When someone maintains eye contact with you..."可知，本段主要讲观察眼睛和眼神交流。B项"Start by observing the eyes."能够概括本段内容。故选B。 3.A根据本段主题句"Pay attention to facial expressions."可知，本段讲面部表情。A项"A person's face can reveal a lot about their emotions."符合本段内容，且与下文关于微笑和皱眉的具体说明衔接自然。故选A。 4.D根据上文"Open gestures... usually suggest openness and honesty."可知，此处讲手势，D项"In contrast, closed gestures like crossed arms may indicate resistance."与上文形成对比，说明不同手势传递的不同信息，符合语境。故选D。 5.E根据下文"What means 'OK' in one country might be offensive in another."可知，此处讲同一手势在不同文化中的不同含义。E项"The same gesture can have very different meanings in different cultures."引出下文，符合语境。故选E。 （2025·全国一卷·七选五） An Unsung Hero Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. 1 Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 2 . As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day?” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations. Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 3 .“I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve. One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 4 . “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. “I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. 5 . She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B. She has two children aged eight and four. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述大学咖啡店员工 Catherine Murphy 用热情与微笑温暖学生们的故事。 1.E 该空属于段末句，考查顺承关系。上文提到咖啡店提供课间休息和早晨提神服务，并暗示还有更多内容。选项 E“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮料，还提供微笑” 完美承接 and more，通过 “not only...but also” 结构扩展了咖啡馆的额外价值 —— 即 Murphy 的友好服务，为下文描述她的微笑态度做铺垫。故选 E 项。 2.D 该空位于段中，从句际关系来看，考查动作衔接。D 项的动词 call out the name 与前句 make the drinks 和后句 grab the drink 逻辑上构成制作饮料和递饮料的动作：完成订单后叫号，顾客取单时她微笑问候。故选 D 项。 3.C 该空位于段中，考查因果逻辑。根据前句可知，本段主要介绍 Murphy 的通勤习惯。后句解释原因 “I do so because...”(我这么做是因为我喜欢为学生们制作咖啡)，可推测设空句与早起提供服务相关。故选 C 项。 4.F 该空位于段中，考察因果逻辑。本段主要是举例说明 Murphy 微笑服务对学生的积极影响。设空前句提及 Wright 一周至少光顾六次咖啡店，后句为 Wright 本人的阐述，可推测设空句为 Wright 频繁光顾咖啡店的原因，即 Murphy 带给她的情绪力量。故选 F 项。 5.G 该空位于段中，考察因果逻辑。前句 Murphy 提及喜欢在咖啡店工作，后句她又表示要留下来坚持做自己喜欢的事情，可推测设空句为喜欢这份工作的具体原因，对应 G 项中的工作经验和归属感。故选 G 项。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 4 Period 1 Reading and Thinking 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文。 1.interact with / have an interaction with 2.vary from culture to culture 3.(make) eye contact 4.by contrast 5.bend down 6.break down barriers 7.make inferences 8.straighten up 9.take up / occupy 10.be bothered by 2、 根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.interactions 2.varies 3.appropriate 4.demonstrate 5.interpret 6.identical 7.differ 8.witnesses 9.barriers 10.anger 三、单句语法填空。 1.watching 2.to look 3.varying 4.find 5.differ 6.interpreted 7.approved 8.appropriate 9.has witnessed 10.are employed 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1.varies from culture to culture 2.demonstrate respect / be a way to demonstrate respect 3.get through difficult situations; find friends 4.favour shaking hands / favour a handshake 5.identical 6.break down barriers 7.make inferences 8.by contrast 9.interpret it as 10.straightened up 5、 语法填空 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了肢体语言在不同文化中的差异及其重要作用。 1.interactions 考查名词。形容词性物主代词our后接名词，interaction为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式。故填interactions。 2.varies 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语body language为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填varies。 3.appropriate 考查形容词。此处为"be appropriate to"结构，应用形容词作表语。故填appropriate。 4.contrast 考查名词。by contrast为固定短语，意为"相比之下"。故填contrast。 5.to look 考查非谓语动词。此处为"it demonstrates respect to do sth"结构，it为形式主语，不定式作真正主语。故填to look。 6.employing 考查非谓语动词。witness sb doing sth为固定搭配，意为"目睹某人正在做某事"。故填employing。 7.as 考查介词。interpret...as...为固定搭配，意为"把……理解为……"。故填as。 8.as/because/since 考查连词。此处引导原因状语从句，解释在德国和巴西应避免该手势的原因。故填as/because/since。 9.differ 考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语gestures为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填differ。 10.barriers考查名词复数。barrier为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式。故填barriers。 6、 阅读理解 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了肢体语言在不同文化中的差异。 1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段"In Western cultures... maintaining direct eye contact during a conversation is generally considered a sign of confidence, respect, and honesty."可知，在西方文化中，保持眼神交流通常被视为自信和诚实的标志。故选C。 2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段"In Japan, for instance, looking down when speaking to an older person is a way to demonstrate respect."可知，在日本，与长辈交谈时低头被视为表示尊重。故选B。 3.B 词义猜测题。根据第三段"Standing too close to them may make them feel uncomfortable or threatened."可知，站得太近会让他人感到不适，因此"invasion of privacy"应指对隐私的"侵犯"。violation意为"侵犯"，与invasion 4. C 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段"what is considered acceptable in one culture may be seen as offensive in another"可知，文章主要说明肢体语言因文化而异，并可能导致误解。故选C 七、七选五 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何正确解读肢体语言的几点建议。 1.C根据上文"The answer often lies in their body language."可知，肢体语言蕴含丰富信息，C项"Body language accounts for a large part of human communication."进一步说明肢体语言在交流中的重要性，承接上文，引出下文的建议。故选C。 2.B根据下文"When someone maintains eye contact with you..."可知，本段主要讲观察眼睛和眼神交流。B项"Start by observing the eyes."能够概括本段内容。故选B。 3.A根据本段主题句"Pay attention to facial expressions."可知，本段讲面部表情。A项"A person's face can reveal a lot about their emotions."符合本段内容，且与下文关于微笑和皱眉的具体说明衔接自然。故选A。 4.D根据上文"Open gestures... usually suggest openness and honesty."可知，此处讲手势，D项"In contrast, closed gestures like crossed arms may indicate resistance."与上文形成对比，说明不同手势传递的不同信息，符合语境。故选D。 5.E根据下文"What means 'OK' in one country might be offensive in another."可知，此处讲同一手势在不同文化中的不同含义。E项"The same gesture can have very different meanings in different cultures."引出下文，符合语境。故选E。 （2025·全国一卷·七选五） 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述大学咖啡店员工 Catherine Murphy 用热情与微笑温暖学生们的故事。 1.E 该空属于段末句，考查顺承关系。上文提到咖啡店提供课间休息和早晨提神服务，并暗示还有更多内容。选项 E“这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮料，还提供微笑” 完美承接 and more，通过 “not only...but also” 结构扩展了咖啡馆的额外价值 —— 即 Murphy 的友好服务，为下文描述她的微笑态度做铺垫。故选 E 项。 2.D 该空位于段中，从句际关系来看，考查动作衔接。D 项的动词 call out the name 与前句 make the drinks 和后句 grab the drink 逻辑上构成制作饮料和递饮料的动作：完成订单后叫号，顾客取单时她微笑问候。故选 D 项。 3.C 该空位于段中，考查因果逻辑。根据前句可知，本段主要介绍 Murphy 的通勤习惯。后句解释原因 “I do so because...”(我这么做是因为我喜欢为学生们制作咖啡)，可推测设空句与早起提供服务相关。故选 C 项。 4.F 该空位于段中，考察因果逻辑。本段主要是举例说明 Murphy 微笑服务对学生的积极影响。设空前句提及 Wright 一周至少光顾六次咖啡店，后句为 Wright 本人的阐述，可推测设空句为 Wright 频繁光顾咖啡店的原因，即 Murphy 带给她的情绪力量。故选 F 项。 5.G 该空位于段中，考察因果逻辑。前句 Murphy 提及喜欢在咖啡店工作，后句她又表示要留下来坚持做自己喜欢的事情，可推测设空句为喜欢这份工作的具体原因，对应 G 项中的工作经验和归属感。故选 G 项。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $