Unit 7 The natural world 课时3 Reading 2 分层作业 2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦沙漠生态主题，通过基础巩固、语篇应用、思维拓展三层设计，构建词汇-句型-语篇-思维的完整巩固路径，适配新授课分层教学需求，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇变形与基础句型|词形变化题强化词性转换，重点句子翻译巩固阅读核心表达，夯实语言基础| |进阶层|语法应用与语篇理解|单项选择考查语法规则，完形填空与阅读理解提升上下文逻辑分析能力，深化语篇应用| |拓展层|批判性思维与创新实践|思维进阶任务含批判性问题、创新方案设计，培养分析问题与解决问题能力，发展学习能力|

Unit 7 The natural world 课时3 Reading 2 分层作业 沙漠生态 一、词形变化 1. extreme — (副词) _ 2. drought — (形容词,干旱的) _ 3. adapt — (名词) _ 4. survive — (名词) _ 5. dry — (比较级) _ 6. harm — (形容词,有害的) _ — (形容词,无害的) _ 二、重点句子 1. 沙漠覆盖了地球陆地面积的大约三分之一。 Deserts _ _ about one-third of the earth’s land area. 2. 一些沙漠植物有很深的根系,以获取地下水。 Some desert plants have very deep roots _ _ ground water. 3. 沙漠中的昼夜温差极大。 The temperature _ _ day and night in deserts is extremely large. 4. 沙漠化正在威胁着许多地区的生态环境。 Desertification is _ the ecological environment in many areas. 三、选词填空 drought oasis camel adapt evaporation survive extreme sandstorm 1. A _ is a green area in the desert where water is available. 2. The _ of water is very high in hot desert regions. 3. Many animals have special ways to _ to the harsh desert environment. 4. A _ can cover the sky with dust and make it hard to breathe. 5. Some plants can _ for months without rain. 四、单项选择 1. The desert climate is so _ that only a few species can live there. A. mild B. extreme C. pleasant D. wet 2. We should do everything we can _ the desert from spreading. A. stop B. to stop C. stopping D. stopped 3. 80 per cent of the land in that area _ desert, and most of the people _ farmers. A. is; are B. are; is C. is; is D. are; are 4. The temperature _ suddenly at night in the desert. A. drops B. rises C. raises D. keeps 5. Many desert animals have large ears to _ heat and stay cool. A. take up B. take in C. give out D. give up 6. The plants look _, but they are actually very strong and can _ in the dry soil. A. dead; alive B. dead; lively C. dying; alive D. dying; living 7. She arrived at the camp late. _, she missed the sunset view. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. Instead 8. _ fun it is to ride a camel across the _ desert! A. What; such a vast B. How; so vast a C. What; so vast D. How; such vast 9. If we don’t protect the grasslands, there _ space for animals to graze. A. will be less and less B. is less and less C. will be more and more D. is more and more 10. — Why do you choose to live in this desert town? — Because the air is clean. _, it’s peaceful and quiet. A. Moreover B. However C. Instead D. Otherwise 五、阅读理解 Life in the Sahara Desert The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world, covering about 9 million square kilometres across northern Africa. Despite its harsh conditions, it is home to a surprising variety of plants, animals and people. Plants in the Sahara have special adaptations to survive extreme heat and little water. For example, the date palm grows near oases where water is available. Its deep roots can reach underground water, and its thick leaves reduce water loss. Cacti and other succulents store water in their stems and can survive for months without rain. Animals in the Sahara are equally remarkable. The dromedary camel can go for days without water, storing fat in its hump for energy. Its wide feet prevent it from sinking into the sand. The fennec fox has huge ears that help it hear prey and release body heat. Many desert animals are nocturnal — they come out at night when temperatures are lower. People have also adapted to life in the Sahara. The Tuareg people are nomadic herders who travel across the desert with their livestock. They wear loose, light-coloured clothing to reflect sunlight and protect themselves from the sand. They have lived in this region for thousands of years, passing down knowledge about water sources and navigation. However, the Sahara is growing. Desertification, caused by climate change and overgrazing, is turning more land into desert. This threatens both wildlife and the traditional ways of life of the local people. Scientists and governments are working together to stop desertification by planting trees and using sustainable farming methods. 1. What is the Sahara Desert? A. The largest desert in the world. B. The largest hot desert in the world. C. The driest place on Earth. D. The hottest place on Earth. 2. How do date palms survive in the desert? A. They have wide feet. B. They store water in their humps. C. They have deep roots and thick leaves. D. They come out at night. 3. What does the word “nocturnal” mean in the passage? A. Active during the day. B. Active during the night. C. Sleeping all day. D. Living underground. 4. Why do the Tuareg people wear loose, light-coloured clothing? A. To keep warm. B. To reflect sunlight and protect from sand. C. To hide from animals. D. To look fashionable. 5. What is the main threat to the Sahara mentioned in the passage? A. Overpopulation. B. Desertification. C. Lack of oil. D. Animal extinction. 六、完形填空 I have always been fascinated by the desert. The vast, open space and the silence make it feel like another world. (1) _, I live far from any desert, so I have only visited a few times. Each visit, however, has been unforgettable. One summer, I went on a (2) _ in the Atacama Desert in Chile. The landscape was (3) _ — red rocks, dry salt flats, and a sky so clear you could see millions of stars. During the day, the heat was (4) _, but at night, the temperature dropped quickly. I learned to (5) _ to these extreme changes by wearing layers of clothing. What surprised me most was the (6) _ of life there. I saw small lizards, hardy plants, and even a fox that came out at dusk. These creatures have found ways to (7) _ in a place with almost no water. Some plants, for example, have tiny leaves to (8) _ water loss. Others have roots that go metres deep into the ground. I also learned about the dangers facing these environments. (9) _ change and human activities are causing deserts to grow larger. This process, called desertification, (10) _ both wildlife and local communities. Many people are working to (11) _ this by planting trees and using better farming methods. My trip to the desert taught me to (12) _ the beauty and resilience of nature. It also made me (13) _ about the impact we humans have on the planet. I now try to (14) _ my water use and support (15) _ projects that protect fragile ecosystems. 1. A. Besides B. Therefore C. However D. Moreover 2. A. trip B. flight C. swim D. walk 3. A. boring B. beautiful C. scary D. common 4. A. mild B. extreme C. gentle D. pleasant 5. A. add B. adapt C. lead D. point 6. A. absence B. lack C. importance D. presence 7. A. survive B. sleep C. play D. hide 8. A. increase B. produce C. reduce D. absorb 9. A. Climate B. Diet C. Social D. Political 10. A. helps B. protects C. threatens D. creates 11. A. cause B. stop C. support D. ignore 12. A. ignore B. destroy C. appreciate D. forget 13. A. think B. worry C. talk D. learn 14. A. increase B. reduce C. waste D. avoid 15. A. medical B. educational C. conservation D. industrial 七、思维进阶 Part 1: Read and Explore Deserts are often thought of as empty, lifeless places. In reality, they are home to many specially adapted species. However, deserts are growing. Every year, thousands of square kilometres of land turn into desert because of climate change and human activities. This process is called desertification. Desertification is a serious problem. It affects the lives of over 2 billion people worldwide. It destroys farmland, forces people to leave their homes, and causes food shortages. It also reduces biodiversity, as many plants and animals cannot survive the changing conditions. Fortunately, there are solutions. One of the most effective ways to fight desertification is through reforestation — planting trees to hold the soil together and bring back moisture. The Great Green Wall project in Africa aims to plant a wall of trees across the Sahel region to stop the desert from spreading. Another method is to use more sustainable farming techniques, such as crop rotation and water conservation. Individuals can also make a difference. By saving water, reducing waste, and supporting sustainable products, we can all help prevent desertification. Every action counts. Protecting the land is not just about saving trees — it’s about saving our future. Part 2: Skills Challenge Task 1: Critical Thinking(批判性思维) 1. Why is desertification a serious problem for people? (Use “because” to answer.) _ 2. List TWO ways to fight desertification mentioned in the passage. Way 1: _ Way 2: _ 3. Design an English slogan to encourage people to fight desertification. _ Task 2: Creative Project(创新应用) As a student, design a “Green School” plan to help prevent desertification. Include 1 action from the text: _ Add 2 creative ideas: Idea 1: _ Idea 2: _ Explain your plan in English (at least 2 sentences): _ Task 3: Vocabulary & Inference(词汇与推理) 4. What does “reforestation” mean in the sentence “One of the most effective ways to fight desertification is through reforestation”? A. Cutting down trees B. Planting trees in areas where they were cut down C. Building new cities D. Reducing water use 5. Why does the writer say “Every action counts” at the end of the passage? _ 参考答案 一、词形变化 1. extremely 2. droughty / arid 3. adaptation 4. survival 5. drier 6. harmful; harmless 二、重点句子 1. make up 2. to reach 3. difference between 4. threatening 三、选词填空 1. oasis 2. evaporation 3. adapt 4. sandstorm 5. survive 四、单项选择 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. A 五、阅读理解 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. B 六、完形填空 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 七、思维进阶 (示例) Task 1: 1. Because it destroys farmland, forces people to leave their homes, and causes food shortages. 2. Way 1: Reforestation (planting trees). Way 2: Using sustainable farming techniques. 3. “Stop the desert, save our future!” Task 2 (示例): Action: Plant trees around the school campus. Idea 1: Organize a “Water-Saving Week” to raise awareness about water conservation. Idea 2: Create a school garden to demonstrate sustainable farming. We will plant trees and start a school garden to show how we can help the environment. We will also have a water-saving campaign to teach students how to reduce waste. Task 3: 4. B 5. Because even small actions by individuals can contribute to the solution, and collective effort can make a big difference. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $