第14章 主谓一致-【创新教程】2027年高考英语语法课时作业

第14章主谓一致 基础达标 I,l.is discussing句意：现在老师和同学们正在讨论美 国刚出版的《阅读技巧》一书。句中有together with,但 主语the teacher为单数，故谓语动词也为单数。句首的 now暗示该用现在进行时，故应填入现在进行时，即is discussing。 2.is句意：现在这座城市的人口与1949年相比增长了两 倍多。现在的人数接近4百万。根据句意和句中的 Now可知用一般现在时，主语population意思是“人口 数”，故谓语动词用单数形式。 3.s句意：我们日复一日地生活着，但在一些重大事件中，几 日和几周的时间是那么渺小，以至于一天已微不足道了。 主语为the time,其后面定语“of days and weeks”包含的 复数名词对谓语动词的形式不构成影响。上下文语境 决定该用一般现在时，故填入s。 4.hasn't been when和where加一个不定式，表示一个概 念，所以谓语动词用单数；由yet可知用现在完成时。 5.have been主语后面有together with连接的名词，谓语 动词由together with前的主语决定：主语my family指 家里所有成员，故谓语动词用复数；由already可知本句 用现在完成时。 6.has当定语从句的先行词为“the only one of十复数可 数名词”，关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词用 单数；此处描述的是一般的事实，故用has。 7.is由空前Every one of you可知，句子是说的你们中的 每一个人，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填s。 8.were由句中的had与now we have可知，句子应用一 般过去时：分数作主语时，谓语动词根据分数所修饰或 指代的名词而定，句中分数修饰computers,故谓语动词 用复数。 9.are考查主谓一致。句意：像莎士比亚这样的诗人广为 人知，然而，他们的一些作品（让人）难以理解。some指 代“一些诗人的作品”，故谓语动词该用are,与some保 持语法一致。 10.suggests考查主谓一致和时态。句意：很多人在公共 场所还吸烟的事实表明，我们也许需要在全国范围来 一场运动以便提高人们对吸烟危害的认识。第一个 that引导同位语从句，解释说明句子的主语The fact, 设空处所缺的主句的谓语动词反映的事实是一般现在 时，而主语是第三人称单数，故填入suggests。 ll.were saved考查主谓一致和时态。句意：工厂用掉了 65%的原材料，其余的留作他用。本句中的which指代 raw materials,“the rest of十名词”作主语，谓语动词应 与o后的名词保持一致。故本题设空处应用复数形 式，且为被动关系，再根据主句时态可知此处应用过去 时，故填入were saved。 12.are 13.have;has 14.is 15.has Ⅱ.l,cover-~covers the United States是专有名词，作主 语时，谓语动词应用单数形式。 2.is·are“the十形容词”表示一类人时，其意义为复数， 谓语动词需用复数形式。 3.were→was在由neither..,.nor.,连接的并列主语中， 谓语动词的人称和数应该和最靠近的主语一致。be动 词与I靠近，所以用was。 4.have~has means当“方式”讲时，单复数同形，此处因 为前面有every修饰，因此是单数，故谓语动词用has。 5.is·are主语为the results为复数，故谓语动词为are。 6.have-has“分数十of十名词”作主语，谓语动词的单复 数由of后的名词决定，由project可知用has。 7.have~has“the number of十复数名词”作主语，谓语动 词用单数形式。 8.mean→neans主语为the understanding,故谓语动词用 单数。 。10 参考答案 9.were-was more than one十名词作主语谓语动词用单 数，故were改为was。 l0.go→goes在when引导的状语从句中用一般现在时 代替将来，主语a fire alarm为单数，故谓语动词用 goes。 IlI.1.looks like a big garden 2.Physics is one of the har- dest subjects 3.This pair of shoes is 4.the rest were 素养提升 I.1.consists考查主谓一致。句意：每个停车区域由多 个车位组成，旨在高效管理整个场馆内的交通流量。陈 述客观实际情况句子用一般现在时，主语是Each park ing zone第三人称单数，故填consists。 2.has考查主谓一致。句意：将海平面作为海拔参考点的 概念已存在如此之久，以至于几乎无人察觉一我们提 及这一概念时甚至未曾深思其含义。本句主语为Thei dea of sea level as a reference point for elevations是第三 人称单数，有by now可知用现在完成时，故填has。 3.tries考查主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力 以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。 根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在 时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用 try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 4.s考查主谓一致。句意：这个概念当然并不新鲜 几十年来，男性一直在租赁优质西装一一但对于女性购 物者来说，它才刚刚兴起。系动词be作谓语，句子陈述 的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The concept是单数 名词，谓语动词用单数形式is。故填is。 5.were考查主谓一致。句意：汤显祖所写的一些内容也 是莎士比亚所关心的。这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意 以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时：主语 为“some of the things”,复数。故填were。 6.s句意：最近有报道称，坚持传统饮食的人数正在缓慢 下降。主语为the number of those sticking to a tradi- tional diet是单数，再根据It is recently reported可知，空 格处应填is。 7,s句意：骑自行车是探索这座城市最经济、最可持续、 最有趣的方式，这里有美丽的运河、公园、广场和无数的 灯光。主语是动名词视为三单，又是说的客观实际情 况，故填is。 8.were主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大 量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳 入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。 设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词 为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主 语，根据“previously（之前的)”可知从句的时态应为一 般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数 形式。故填were。 9.wastes句意：生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物 的水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境 问题。动名词作主语视为三单。 10.is 11.are 12.is Ⅱ，l.were/are考查主谓一致。句意：数百名太极拳练习 者中既有本地人也有游客。本句叙述情况可用一般过 去时，可用一般现在时，主语是复数practitioners,所以 be动词用were/are。 2.am考查主谓一致。句意：我和我的朋友们都不愿在生 活中轻易放弃自已的梦想。就近主语为I。故填am。 3.hopes考查主谓一致。句意：我们班的每一位同学都希 望在未来实现自己的梦想。every并列主语谓语用单 数。故填hopes。 4.s考查主谓一致。句意：他在日常学习和生活中最需 要的是更多耐心和自信。主语从句作主语，谓语用单 数。故填is。 英语语法 5.preserves考查主谓一致。句意：这座曾被誉为“金张 掖”的城市保存着1270处不可移动文物，其中包括20 处国家级文物。preserve(保存)是谓语动词，陈述客观 事实用一般现在时态，主语The city是单数名词，谓语动 词用单数形式。故填preserves。. 6.s考查主谓一致。句意：这些年提供帮助的志愿者数 量正在快速增长。the number of作主语，谓语用单数。 故填is。 7.re考查主谓一致。句意：不仅他而且他的同学们都喜 欢参加课外活动。遵循就近一致原则，classmates为复 数。故填are。 8.leads考查主谓一致。句意：唯有努力与坚持，能带领 我们在成长路上走向最终成功。nothing作主语用单数。 故填leads。 9.has考查主谓一致。句意：这支队伍已经连胜三场比 赛，让所有队员倍感振奋。team指整体用单数。故 填has。 10.is考查主谓一致。句意：大量时间被投入到即将到来 的重要考试备考中。a large amount of结构中由 amount决定谓语动词。故填is。 IlI.1.is 2.are 3.is 4.isn't 5.are 6.work 7.have 8.is 9.are 10.has 第15章特殊句式 基础达标 I.1.Lying on the floor was 2.Never have 3.Not only am I 4.Such great progress did 5.Hard as/though Il.1.It is these poisonous products that can cause the symptoms of the flu,such as headache and aching mus- cles. 2.It was because she was driving very fast that she was injured in the accident. 3.What present is it that you have bought for your son? 4.Under what conditions is it that the methods may be used? 5.I don't know how long it is that he has stayed here. IlI.1.Yes,I am 2.have we 3.isn't it 4.does she 5.didn't it 6.didn't he 7.will/won't you 8.shall we 9.will you 10.is there I.1.What exciting news! 2.Pity that he's failed. 3.Some people go to the mountain,and others to the seaside. 4.His suggestion made John happy,but Mary angry. 5.He didn't come,though we had invited him to. 6.He will come,but we don't know when. 7.John won the first race and Jimmy the second. 8.-Would you like to go with us? -I'm glad to,but I have to finish my homework. V,1,that考查强调句。句意：郑和在克里斯多弗·哥伦布 横越大西洋的80年前就已航海到达过东非。其基本句式 为“Itis/was十被强调部分十that/who十其他部分”，该句被 强调部分为“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic'”,故填入that 2.did考查倒装句。句意：她设法逃离了不断上涨的洪水 只是运气好而已。“oly十状语”置于句首时，主句要部 分倒装，根据语境可知，该句用一般过去时。故填助动 词did。 3.stood考查“there十动词”结构。句意：约翰打开了门， 那里站着一个他之前从未见过的姑娘。当there,here,a wy,down等副词置于句首且主语为名词时，要用完全 倒装形式。 4.ies考查倒装句。句意：中国十大城市之一的重庆位于 长江和嘉陵江两江交汇的地方。分析句子结构可知，这 里是将表示地，点的状语提前且主语为名词，故句子需用 完全倒装形式。 ·1( 5.d0考查倒装句。句意：我们因笑话而笑，但我们很少 去想笑话是如何使人发笑的。seldom是具有否定意义 的词，置于句首，主句要部分倒装，故填入与前半句时态 一致的一般现在时的助动词do。 6.has考查倒装句。句意：她从未见过有人打网球像罗伯 特打得一样好。否定副词置于句首时，主语和谓语需部 分倒装，该句正常语序为：She has never seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert before. 7.not to考查不定式的省略。句意：那个小男孩想在做 完作业前去玩电脑游戏，但他妈妈叫他别去（玩）。分析 语境可知，后半句可还原为：，，，but his mum told him not to play computer games.即动词不定式的承前省略。 8.accepted 9.it 10.to sleep 11.so 12.did M.l.did-was“so..that”句式中，如果“so十形容词/副 词”置于句首，主句需用部分倒装，正常语序为“She was so frightened that she could not say a word.”。 2.so-not或will后加not省略形式fnot意为“如果不 的话”，ifso意为“要是这样”。也可在will后加not,同 样符合句意。 3.does→do not only置于句首，句子用部分倒装。主语 是the nurses,故应用do。 4.Compares~Compare这个句子使用“祈使句十and十陈 述句”结构，祈使句以动词原形开头。 5.when→that强调句式结构为“Itis/was十被强调部 分十that/who.,”。本句被强调部分为since he was ten years old,故用“It was..that”。 6.去掉s状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主 语是it,从句中又有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动 词一起省略。when taken是when it is taken的省略 形式。 7.Yes→No答语前后的肯定与否定形式需一致；根据 “He is in the classroom,”可知，此处表示“他不在这里”。 8.couldn't·could陈述部分的主语是you and I,附加问 句部分的主语用we;陈述部分有否定副词hardly,附加 问句用肯定形式。 9.it后加that此处是强调句的特殊疑问句形式，强调主 语what,但是that不能省略。 l0.去掉it if possible意为“如果可能”，是if it is possible 的省略形式。 素养提升 I,1.d0考查特殊句式。句意：他们却毫不知情，在这一 过程中，一股能量会被传输至街道层面，为电动汽车充 电提供动力。little放在句首，句子要倒装；再根据动词 do和is sent,可知空格处填do。 2.attending考查状语从句的省略。句意：当前往SoFi体 育场参加活动时，您只需步行或乘车片刻即可抵达多家 环境舒适、设施高端的酒店。attend和you存在主动关 系，故填attending。 3.asked考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及为什么选 择这么多AP课程时，我的朋友们回答说：“我不知道。” ask和my friends存在被动关系，故填asked。 4.did考查强调句。句意：我担心我的同学会厌倦我的努 力，甚至对我失去耐心。毕竞，我确实关心别人会怎么 看我。时态是过去时，强调动词用did。 5,returning考查省略句。句意：每年有l0个月，火车在 两周内停靠大约八个车站，然后返回地区首府加油和补 给。before后为省略句，故用returning短语作状语。 6.seen考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显 得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省 略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有 be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语 为the mangrove forests,和动词see是被动关系，从句应 用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar,省略主语和be动词，故填seen。 7.that句意：这是唯一一家在全球50家最佳餐厅名单中 排名前10位的泰国餐厅。本句是强调句，故填that。 2英语语法 第14章 ☑基础达标 I.单句语法填空 1.Now the teacher together with the students (discuss)Reading Skills that was newly published in America. 2.Now the population of the city (be)more than twice what it was in 1949.The figure is now approaching 4 million. 3.We live day by day,but in the great things,the time of days and weeks (be)so small that a day is unimpor- tant, 4.When and where to build the factory (not be)decided yet. 5.My family,together with some of his old friends, (be)there already. 6.Tom is the only one of boys who (have)ever studied abroad. 7.Every one of you (be)encour- aged to visit it. 8.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one third (be)used regularly.Now we have 60 working all day long. 9.Such poets as Shakespeare are widely known,of whose works,however,some (be)difficult to understand. 主谓一致 10.The fact that so many people still smoke in public places (sug- gest)that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking. 11.The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials,the rest of which (save)for other purposes. 12.The old (be)very well taken care of in our city. 13.We each (have)strong points and each of us on the other hand (have)weak points. 14.The equipment of our office (be)all imported from Britain. 15.How one treats his parents (have)a great influence on his children. Ⅱ.修改病句 1.The United States cover a large part of the North America,as is known to us. 2.You know that the poor is part of the people we help. 3.The teacher said neither you nor I were fit for the work. 4.Every means have been tried,but we still can't bring the fire under control. 5.The results of the research is to be pub- lished soon. 6.The professor is delighted to find that two thirds of the project have been fin- ished by the students independently. 7.The number of smokers have dropped by 17 percent in the past one year. 8.The understanding between two friends mean both of them have similar ideas and trust each other. 9.More than one person were injured in the accident. 10.Today,I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off. Ⅲ.完成句子 1.我梦中的学校看起来像个大花园。 (look) My dream school 2.物理对一个女学生来说是最难的科目之 一。(hard) for a girl student. 3.看！这双鞋在床底下。(pair) Look! under the bed. 4.许多工人回家了，剩下的都在车间里。 (rest) Many workers went home,and in the workshop. ☑素养提升 1.高考在线 l.(2026·全国一卷)Each parking zone (consist)of multiple lots,de- signed to efficiently manage traffic across the venue's network. 英语语法 2.(2026·全国二卷)The idea of sea level as a reference point for elevations (have)by now been around for so long as to go essentially unnoticed-we men- tion it without even considering what it means. 3.(2025·全国一卷)A decent winner al- ways (try)to beat the oppo- nent by no more than one or two points as a gesture(姿态)of respect for the other side. 4.(2025·浙江1月卷)The concept (be)certainly not new-men have been renting good suits for decades-but for female shoppers,it is just taking off. 5.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Some of the things that Tang was writing about (be)also Shakespeare's concerns. 6.(2023·全国乙卷)It is recently reported that the number of those sticking to a traditional diet (be)slowly de- clining. 7.(2023·新课标I卷)Cycling (be)the most economical,sustainable and fun way to explore the city,with its beautiful canals,parks,squares and countless lights. 8.(2022·新高考I卷)The plan will ex tend protection to a significant number of areas that (be)previously un- protected,bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in manage- ment. 英语语法 9.(2022·新高考I卷)Producing food that no one eats waste)the water, fuel,and other resources used to grow it.That makes food waste an environ- mental problem. 10.(2021·全国甲卷)Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources to make,and buying loads of new clothing (be)not healthy for the environment. 11.(2021·全国I卷)More than half of Australian homes (be)still choosing to stick with their home phone. 12.(2020·全国I卷)The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics be)the 50-kilometer race walk. Ⅱ.精选模拟 1.The hundreds of taijiquan practitioners (be)a mix of locals and visi- tors. 2.Neither my friends nor I (be) willing to give up our dreams easily in daily life. 3.Every boy and every girl in our class hope)to realize their own dreams in the future. 4.What he needs most (be)more patience and confidence in daily study and life, 5.The city-once celebrated as "Golden Zhangye”- (preserve)1,270 immovable relics,including 20 national- level sites. 5 6.The number of volunteers who offer help (be)increasing rapidly these years. 7.Not only he but also his classmates (be)fond of taking part in after- school activities. 8.Nothing but hard work and persistence (lead)us to final success in our growth journey. 9.The team (have)won three matches in a row,which makes all mem- bers excited. 10.A large amount of time (be) spent on preparing for the coming im- portant examination. Ⅲ.语篇填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） Every policeman 1. (be)giv en special training for the job.No two days be)the same.Each day 3. (be)different.But the job 4. (be not)as exciting or glamorous as some people think.Not all policemen (be)allowed to carry guns.A number of police officers here 6. (work)with dogs.An officer and his dog 7. (have)to work closely togeth- er.One of our jobs 8. (be)to pre- vent crime happening in the first place. A lot of crimes 9. (be)caused by people being careless.Sorry,I have to go now.Someone 10. (have)repor- ted a robbery.