Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking 同步练习-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过“基础+提升”分层设计，构建从词汇语法到语篇应用的进阶路径，适配新授课语言能力培养与文化意识渗透需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础练习|词汇拼写（如identity）、基础语法（时态、非谓语等）|单题聚焦核心考点，语法专练融入高考真题（如2024新课标题），强化语言能力基础| |能力提升练|语篇理解（阅读、七选五）、综合应用（完形）|阅读聚焦文化主题（如城堡历史），完形融入文化自信情境，培养跨文化意识与思维品质|

Unit 4 History and Traditions 　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking 基础练习 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.The UK government has 　　　　(宣布) a new plan for digital identity (ID) cards.  2.Are you caring? Creative? 　　　　(慷慨的)? A good listener? Fun to be around?  3.“The kids literally come to school with bags of 　　　　(小吃) and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says.   4.We found that our father had forgotten to c　　　　 the car batteries when we camped near the river last Sunday.  5.This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to 　　　　(保证) you get the most from future walking trips.  6.[2026福建泉州月考]Every visitor to the art 　　　　(画廊) that has interacted with local artists over the past week shows a deeper insight into diverse works.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.Large amounts of merchandise(商品) 　　　　　(sell) during the holiday season last year.  2.[2026广东深圳期中]With the examination 　　　　　(approach), Jack used a particular skill to review textbooks.  3.[2026四川成都月考]Living in the busy city, we are eager 　　　　　(breathe) the fresh air of the forest and feel close to nature again.  4.The traditional customs, which had been passed down for generations and were deeply connected to the agricultural roots of the community, 　　　　　(position) as the central theme of the historical exhibition, attracting numerous visitors who were eager to learn about their heritage.  Ⅲ.单元语法专练 题型(一) 1.[2026四川达州月考]You can have food 　　　　　(deliver) to your house if you don't want to cook today.   2.[2026江苏常州月考]The book, 　　　　　(base) on a true story, came out last month and turned out to be a bestseller.  3.A 　　　　　(retire) engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.  4.[2026天津市第一中学月考]Walking through the old campus makes me 　　　　　(remind) of the carefree days I had spent there as a student.  5.[2024新课标Ⅰ]In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, 　　　　　(pick) up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence.   6.[2024新课标Ⅱ]Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 　　　　　(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》), was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.  题型(二) 1.I decide to deliver some flowers to my mother for her birthday tomorrow morning.(句型转换;have+宾语+宾补) →I decide to 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 to my mother for her birthday tomorrow morning.  2.[2024新课标Ⅱ]This informative walk is led by Richard Smyth and introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.(句型转换;过去分词作后置定语) →This informative walk 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 [2026北京市第八十中学期中] 　　Palaces are known for their beauty as well as splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a large building, but usually these buildings are not designed with the comfort of a king in mind. When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive, the European castle is a big success. 　　Castles in England were originally built by the Normans in the 11th century. They built towers and walls to secure the land they had taken. These castles provided the Normans with a quiet and safe place. They also served as bases of operation for attacks. In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors. Those who were socially beneath the governors would come to report affairs and express their respect. They would address problems, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well. 　　The first castles were made from earth and wood, and they were likely to suffer from attacks by fire. Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towers and walls. However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles through the windows or burn the wooden doors. This led to moving the windows and entrances off of the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access. 　　During the Middle Ages, attacks increased, so castle defenses were updated. Arrow slits were added. They were small holes in the castle, which allowed defenders to fire without being hurt. Towers were built, from which defenders could provide fire on both sides. The towers were connected to the castle by wooden bridges, so that if one tower fell, the rest of the castle was still easy to defend. A lot of rings of castle walls were constructed, so that even if attackers went past one wall, they would be caught on a killing ground between inner and outer walls. All of these increased the defense of castles. 　　The end of castles can be attributed to gunpowder. During the 15th century, artillery(火炮), a kind of large gun, became powerful enough to break through stone walls. This greatly made the role of castles less effective. Though castles no longer serve their original purposes, remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year who wish to experience the situations of ancient times. 1.Which is one of the original functions of castles according to the passage? A.They served as tourist attractions. B.They marked religious ceremonies. C.They were important social centers. D.They were built for use in emergencies. 2.What is the reason why wooden castles were replaced by stone castles? A.Stone castles cost less money. B.Stone castles offered better defense. C.Wooden castles were uncomfortable. D.Wooden castles took a long time to build. 3.Which of the following shows an improvement in castle defenses? A.Castles were totally separated by stones. B.Arrow slits were made in large quantities. C.Rings of walls were built to defend the towers. D.Windows and entrances were moved to the higher floor. 4.What is the main idea of the passage? A.To introduce the history of castles. B.To explain why palaces are less defensive than castles. C.To describe the process of building castles in different materials. D.To discuss the impact of gunpowder on the construction of castles. Ⅱ.七选五 [2025江苏无锡六校期中联考] The History of Tahitian Dance 　　In the early age of Tahitian dance, performances were symbolic and important, not just an art form.　1　 For example, there was a dance that was performed to greet guests at an official ceremony. Other dances were designed for special ceremonies. Some dances were more personal, and people danced to challenge an opponent.  　　　2　 One of the most popular dance styles is the otea, which is performed by a large group of dancers. Another dance called the hivinau is usually performed as the last dance of a ceremony. It involves a group of dancers led by one dancer who may make up some movements.  　　Tahitian dance is performed to the accompaniment(伴随) of traditional music. Drums feature heavily in Tahitian music. Dance music is strongly rhythmic and powerful. Besides, nose flutes(鼻笛), also called vivo, are made of bamboo tubes with holes carved into them, and they are played by breathing out of the nose and into the flute. 　3　  　　It isn't certain when or how Tahitian dance originally developed. It is a practice that dates back to ancient Tahitian people and their Maori ancestors. Dance was an important and popular cultural expression in Tahiti. 　4　 At that time, early British colonists(殖民者) who came to Tahiti found traditional Tahitian dance annoying and offensive. Therefore, they abolished most forms of dance in Tahiti.  　　Tahitian dance was illegal in Tahiti until the early 20th century. Traditional costumes were not used during this period, and only the hands, feet and face of the dancer could be exposed. 　5　 Although it had been influenced by European presence and the cultural changes in Tahiti, Tahitian dance has regained its importance as a unique expression of Tahitian culture and history.  A.However, it met with a problem during the 1800s. B.Nowadays, there are different styles of Tahitian dance. C.Native Tahitians had different dances for different purposes. D.In the 1950s, a lot of effort was made to preserve the traditional dance. E.While mastering Tahitian dance is challenging, anyone can learn the basic moves. F.These instruments have been used to accompany Tahitian dance throughout history. G.The popularity of Tahitian dance has transformed it into a privileged tool for tourism promotion. 1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　　5.　　　  Ⅲ.完形填空 [2026安徽合肥市第六中学月考](文化自信) 　　Several years ago, I experienced daily migraines (偏头痛) that made me want to hit my head against a wall. I was 　1　 to find a cure.  　　My father suggested acupuncture, a treatment he had experienced in Hong Kong. It had successfully 　2　 his lower back pain when other therapies and medicines had failed. With limited experience in using traditional Chinese medicine, I decided to give acupuncture a 　3　.  　　Without particular 　4　 in mind, I found myself in the office of a middle-aged woman, surrounded by Chinese herbal medicines. After placing three fingers on my wrist to feel my pulse, she 　5　 my issue in a comfortable tone. I was then guided to a room and told to lie down. Soon, she took out the needles, which made me somewhat 　6　 as such objects typically make me uncomfortable.  　　My first experience with acupuncture was quite 　7　. To deal with my migraines, the magical treatment began on the back of my hand, far from my head. With the electricity 　8　, the doctor gently handled the needles and I could 　9　 the electricity flowing throughout me. A moment later, 　10　 I knew it, she had turned off the electricity and removed the needles, marking a(n) 　11　 to the 20-minute process. She then gave me some herbal medicine to drink for five days.  　　I returned to the doctor for a total of 10 periods, and each time the same 　12　 was repeated and the same herbal medicine was given. The true 　13　 of the acupuncture treatment became clear: I remained 　14　 of migraines for two years. If you've experienced similar conditions, I highly 　15　 trying it.  1.A.embarrassed　　　B.curious C.eager　　　D.excited 2.A.reduced　　　B.increased C.caused　　　D.avoided 3.A.shot　　　B.hand C.check　　　D.thought 4.A.imaginations　　　B.expectations C.doubts　　　D.experiences 5.A.explored　　　B.exchanged C.explained　　　D.expressed 6.A.unbelievable　　　B.uneasy C.unsure　　　D.ineffective 7.A.frightening　　　B.amazing C.annoying　　　D.amusing 8.A.cut in　　　B.cut off C.turned down　　　D.turned on 9.A.describe　　　B.recognize C.sense　　　D.suffer 10.A.as　　　B.while C.after　　　D.before 11.A.end　　　B.break C.improvement　　　D.start 12.A.problem　　　B.schedule C.routine　　　D.strategy 13.A.concerns　　　B.benefits C.causes　　　D.goals 14.A.aware　　　B.tired C.scared　　　D.free 15.A.recommend　　　B.demand C.command　　　D.request 答案 　Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking 基础练习 Ⅰ.1.announced　2.Generous　3.snacks　4.charge 5.ensure　6.gallery Ⅱ.1.were sold　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:去年节假日期间销售了大量商品。分析句子可知,设空处作谓语,根据时间状语last year可知应用一般过去时;提示词sell与句子主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;“large amounts of+不可数名词”作主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式,所以助动词应用were。故填were sold。 2.approaching　考查动词-ing形式。句意:随着考试临近,杰克用了一种特别的技巧复习课本。分析句子可知,此处为with的复合结构,with...approaching表示“随着……临近”,应用动词-ing形式。故填approaching。 3.to breathe　考查动词不定式。句意:生活在繁忙的城市里,我们渴望呼吸森林里的新鲜空气,再次亲近大自然。be eager to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”,为固定用法。故填to breathe。 4.were positioned　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:那些世代相传且与社区农业根源紧密相连的传统习俗,被确立为本次历史展览的核心主题,吸引了众多渴望了解自身文化遗产的参观者。分析句子可知,设空处作主句的谓语,根据语境可知此处描述过去的事情,应用一般过去时;提示词position与主句主语The traditional customs之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语是复数,助动词应用were。故填were positioned。 Ⅲ.题型(一) 1.delivered　考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意:如果你今天不想做饭,可以要求把食物送到你家。分析句子可知,此处为“have+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语food与提示词deliver之间为被动关系,所以应用过去分词。故填delivered。 2.based　考查过去分词作定语。句意:这本根据真实故事改编的书上个月出版了,结果成了畅销书。设空处作后置定语,修饰The book;固定搭配(be) based on意为“以……为根据”,所以应用过去分词。故填based。 3.retired　考查过去分词作定语。句意:76岁的威尔逊是一位退休的工程师,他在过去的八年里一直在为大学生提供免费乘车服务。设空处修饰其后的名词engineer,表示“退休的”,而retire一般用作不及物动词,其过去分词retired只表示完成不表示被动。故填retired。 4.reminded　考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句意:走过老校园使我想起了学生时代在那里度过的无忧无虑的日子。分析句子可知,此处为“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,宾语me与提示词remind之间是被动关系,所以应用过去分词。故填reminded。 5.picked　考查过去分词作定语。设空处作后置定语,修饰名词短语an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary,根据语境可知两者之间是被动关系,所以应用过去分词。故填picked。 6.inspired　考查过去分词作定语。句意:两年后,受《牡丹亭》的启发,在距离莎士比亚的出生地仅十分钟步行路程的杉园,一座六米高的亭子建成。设空处作后置定语,修饰名词pavilion,根据语境和空后的by可知两者之间是被动关系,所以应用过去分词。故填inspired。 题型(二) 1.have some flowers delivered　2.led by Richard Smyth 能力提升练 Ⅰ. 1.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors.”和“So castles served as social centers as well.”可知,城堡最初的功能包括防御、进攻,同时充当行政办公场所和社交中心。故选C。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towers and walls.”可知,木质城堡被石质城堡取代的原因是石质城堡提供了更好的防御。故选B。 3.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This led to moving the windows and entrances off of the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access.”可知,人们将窗户和入口移到更高楼层,从而使攻击者更难通过这些部位入侵,这是城堡防御的改进。故选D。 4.A　根据上面的文章结构可知,文章依次介绍了城堡的原始功能、材料与结构演变、防御设施升级及其衰落原因,由此可知,主旨是“介绍城堡的历史”。故选A。 Ⅱ. 1.C　上文提到早期的塔希提舞不仅仅起到艺术表演的作用,下文举出三个具体的例子,说明不同的舞蹈有不同的目的。C项“塔希提土著针对不同的目的有不同的舞蹈。” 承上启下,符合语境。故选C。 2.B　设空处位于段首,应是本段的主旨句。根据下文“One of the most popular dance styles is the otea... Another dance called the hivinau...”可知,本段主要介绍不同风格的塔希提舞。B项“如今,塔希提舞有不同的风格。”符合语境。故选B。 3.F　上文“Drums feature heavily in Tahitian music... Besides, nose flutes...”主要介绍了塔希提音乐中伴奏的乐器:鼓和鼻笛。F项“这些乐器在历史上一直被用来为塔希提舞伴奏。”总结上文,其中的“These instruments”指代上文中的“Drums”和“nose flutes”。故选F。 4.A　上文追溯塔希提舞的历史起源,指出当时它很重要,下文介绍后来塔希提舞被英国殖民者废除了。A项“然而,它在19世纪遇到了一个问题。”指出塔希提舞遇到的困境,与上文构成转折,下文是对其中的problem的具体说明。故选A。 5.D　上文提到直到20世纪初,塔希提舞在塔希提都是非法的,说明20世纪初塔希提舞的表演受到了很多限制,下文提到塔希提舞恢复了其重要地位。D项“在20世纪50年代,人们做了很多努力来保护这种传统舞蹈。”承上启下,符合语境。故选D。 Ⅲ. 1.C　根据上文“I experienced daily migraines that made me want to hit my head against a wall”可知,作者患有严重的偏头痛,迫切(eager)想要找到能治愈偏头痛的方法。故选C。 2.A　根据空前的“successfully”和下文“when other therapies and medicines had failed”可知,针灸成功地减轻了(reduced)作者父亲的背痛。故选A。 3.A　根据上文“It had successfully 　2　 his lower back pain”和下文“I found myself in the office of a middle-aged woman, surrounded by Chinese herbal medicines”可知,父亲使用针灸减轻了背痛,作者也决定试试针灸。shot可以表示“尝试”,give...a shot意为“试试……”。故选A。  4.B　根据上文“I decided to give acupuncture a 　3　”可知,作者只是想要尝试针灸,因此没有特别的期待(expectations)。故选B。  5.C　根据上文“After placing three fingers on my wrist to feel my pulse”可知,女士诊脉以后,给作者解释了(explained)他的病情。故选C。 6.B　根据下文“as such objects typically make me uncomfortable”可知,作者对针这样的东西会感到不舒服,因此女士拿出针给作者针灸时,作者感到有些不安(uneasy)。故选B。 7.B　根据下文“the magical treatment began on the back of my hand, far from my head”可知,作者认为第一次针灸经历是令人惊奇的(amazing)。故选B。 8.D　根据下文“the electricity flowing throughout me”可知,作者全身感受到电流,故此处指电流接通,下文“she had turned off the electricity”也提到医生切断电流。cut in打断;cut off切断; turn down调低;turn on打开,接通。故选D。 9.C　根据上文“the doctor gently handled the needles”可知,医生开始针灸,作者能够感觉到(sense)电流穿过身体。故选C。 10.D　根据语境可知,设空处表示针灸在不知不觉中结束了,“before I knew it”表示“不知不觉地”。故选D。 11.A　根据上文“she had turned off the electricity and removed the needles”可知,针灸结束(end)了。故选A。 12.C　根据下文“was repeated and the same herbal medicine was given”可知,每次都是例行程序(routine)。故选C。 13.B　根据下文“I remained 　14　 of migraines for two years”可知,此处指的是针灸的益处(benefits)。故选B。  14.D　根据下文“If you've experienced similar conditions, I highly 　15　 trying it.”可知,作者的偏头痛没有再犯。be free of意为“不受……之苦”。故选D。  15.A　根据上文“I remained 　14　 of migraines for two years.”可知,作者通过针灸,治好了顽疾——偏头痛,因此对经历类似情况的人,作者高度推荐(recommend)这种疗法。故选A。  18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $