Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking-分层课后练习-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

**基本信息** 该同步练习采用“基础+提升”分层设计，通过词汇语法巩固与语篇综合应用的递进路径，培养语言能力与文化意识。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A级|基础词汇（如gallery、landscape）、核心语法（非谓语、with复合结构等）|单句写作结合charge、announce等目标词，强化基础表达| |B级|语篇理解（如罗马别墅考古、生态旅馆）、综合语言运用|完形填空融入中秋文化分享，阅读理解聚焦跨文化主题，提升思维品质|

Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking A级 必备知识基础练 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Local 　　　　　　(画廊) in small towns often feature the works of up-and-coming artists and local talent.  2.The a　　　　　 of tea consumed in Britain each year is staggering,reflecting its cultural significance.  3.The strategic 　　　　　　(位置) of Dover on the English Channel has made it a key port throughout history.  4.To e　　　　　 the preservation of historical sites,the government has strict regulations on construction and restoration.  5.The rugged 　　　　　　(风景) of the Scottish Highlands is famous for its natural beauty and outdoor activities.  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.　　　　　　(announce) the discovery of a new species,the scientists held a press conference to share their findings.  2.With winter 　　　　　　(approach),people in the countryside prepared firewood and stocked up on warm clothes.  3.The museum,　　　　　　(charge) with preserving the nation’s heritage,carefully restored its ancient artifacts.  4.A good story does not have to have a happy ending,but the reader must not be left 　　　　　　　　(unsatisfy).  5.Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English 　　　　　(improve) in a short period.  6.The children went home from the grammar school,with their lessons 　　　　　　(finish) for the day.  7.Tourists visiting London are often eager 　　　　　(see) the famous landmarks like Buckingham Palace and Tower Bridge.  8.The 　　　　　　(generous) of the local community helped raise a significant amount of money for the flood victims.  Ⅲ.单句写作 1.很高兴得知贵报正在招聘编辑,负责撰写中国传统文化板块的文章。(charge) I am happy to know that your newspaper will need a new editor 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　articles based on traditional Chinese culture.  2.据通告,一名新校长将会被任命负责这所新学校。(announce) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 a new headmaster will be appointed in charge of the new school.  3.每天大量的垃圾如剩饭剩菜、废纸、废旧塑料瓶和电池被生产。(amounts of) Every day 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,such as leftover food,waste paper,used plastic bottles and batteries.  4.随着春节的临近,我计划充分利用假期为高考做准备。(with+复合结构) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I am planning to make full use of this vacation to prepare for the College Entrance Examination.  5.要想很容易地结交更多外国朋友,你需要待人友善并精通英语。(不定式作目的状语) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,you need to be kind and have a good knowledge of English.  6.被广泛应用于日常生活中的人工智能极大地改变了人们的生活方式。(过去分词作定语) Artificial intelligence 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　has greatly changed people’s way of life.  7.当我走进教室时,我发现所有的座位都被占了。(过去分词作宾语补足语) When I entered the classroom,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  8.为了让自己被观众清楚地听到,这位演讲者提高了声音。(make) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 by the audience,the speaker raised his voice.  B级 能力素养提升练 Ⅳ.阅读理解 A (2026河南许昌高一期末) The town of Bacoli outside Naples,Italy,was trying to build a children’s playground,but the kids would have to make do with their backyards because surveys uncovered a Roman villa(别墅) in the same place. About 2,000 years ago,the villa sat high on a cliffside(悬崖边) and had a full view of the Gulf of Naples,with the islands of Ischia and Procida being easy to see in the distance.In fact,the archaeologists digging up the old house think it could have been where Pliny the Elder often stayed. An author and naturalist,Pliny the Elder wrote the Naturalis Historia,which became a publishing model for the encyclopedia(百科全书) in our time.He was also a naval(海军的) officer of the early Roman Empire.Bacoli sits today where the city of Misenum was located,the place where the Roman navy kept their ships in the Tyrrhenian Sea. Pliny the Elder passed away after breathing in the harmful smoke of Mount Vesuvius’ volcanic eruption,which he saw from his villa across the Gulf.He organized several ships to save people who were stuck in the town of Stabiae.Overweight and sick,he couldn’t escape the smoke clouds after arriving at Stabiae with a team to save the people there. “It’s likely that the big,beautiful villa had a 360-degree view of the Gulf of Naples for important reasons to do with the army,” said Simona Formula,lead archaeologist of Naples’ Art Heritage Authority.“We believe that digging deeper might show us more rooms,and even the paintings on the walls.” The archaeologists found that the walls were made of stone blocks and put together in a way that looked like a fisherman’s net. Nowadays,the parts of the villa that were once higher up the cliff are only a few meters above the sea.The whole area is slowly going down into the sea because of earthquakes and volcanic activity over the years,and the place where boats for servicing the villa had parked is now underwater. The villa is going to open in a few months as an open-air museum. 1.When was the Roman villa found? A.When a naturalist visited a cliffside. B.When archaeologists surveyed Bacoli. C.When a kid was digging in his backyard. D.When Bacoli was about to build a playground. 2.Which of the following can best describe Pliny the Elder? A.Generous and confident. B.Honest and hard-working. C.Knowledgeable and brave. D.Selfless and open-minded. 3.In ancient times,the villa might have been used as a place 　　　.  A.to hold meetings on wars B.to watch the Gulf of Naples C.for naval officers to live D.for its owner to give parties 4.What can we learn about the villa from paragraph 7? A.It is too ancient to recover. B.It is of great cultural value. C.It is under threat. D.It has its environment polluted. B (2026陕西宝鸡高一期末) Close to the famous Aswan Dam,the Temple of Philae,on the small island of Agilkia,attracts visitors to the history of ancient Egypt. Aboard his small boat,Ahmed Yehia sails peacefully towards this treasure of Egyptian heritage,which is in the heart of the ancient Nubian lands.“Just next door,I discovered Bigeh,a magical island,abandoned(抛弃) by its islanders several years ago.I wanted to help repopulate it while creating value in a sustainable(可持续的) way,” says Yehia,the founder-manager of Eco Nubia,the first ecolodge(生态旅馆) in Aswan. The project received support from the Egyptian government and the African Development Bank.It wants to revive the Nubian culture and create a new ecotourism place in Egypt,serving local and international customers. “In partnership with the Nubian community,we have put Bigeh on the map of Egyptian ecotourism,” says Yehia.Open all year round,the lodge overlooks the Temple of Philae.It has a restaurant that serves traditional Nubian food based on products grown on-site.Eco Nubia has revived the abandoned island.The lodge now employs(雇用) about 30 people,a third of them women. Eco Nubia has attracted tourists globally.It has won praise from the United Nations World Tourism Organization and the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism for its impressive achievements in sustainable development.The ecolodge has attracted local and international media,including CNN,which recorded a special program about it. “Our own farm produces what we use,” says Ahmed Yehia.Owners of the ecolodge have built a community center and have created new jobs for about 50 Nubian families.With an area of 80 square meters,the community center was built according to the style of Nubian architecture.“We also want to help the people of Bigeh rebuild their homes using ancient techniques of Nubian architecture while preserving the island’s natural environment,” Ahmed Yehia says. 5.What did Eco Nubia want to achieve? A.To run the first ecolodge in Egypt. B.To repair the Temple of Philae. C.To bring Bigeh back to life. D.To protect the Aswan Dam. 6.How did Eco Nubia contribute to the local community? A.By providing jobs to islanders. B.By preserving ancient Nubian architecture. C.By offering education programs to local women. D.By connecting the community with the African Development Bank. 7.What is CNN’s attitude towards Eco Nubia? A.Interested. B.Worried. C.Unclear. D.Doubtful. 8.How has Eco Nubia turned out? A.It has offered Egypt new ideas for its tourism industry. B.It has become a great example of modern architecture. C.It has made the Nubian culture world-famous. D.It has created a win-win situation all around. Ⅴ.完形填空 (2026广东东莞高一期末) In China,the Mid-Autumn Festival is a time to look at the moon,think about your family and enjoy mooncakes.Here in Arizona,my family still celebrates it in the Chinese 　1　 every year.  One year,we found ourselves with too 　2　 mooncakes.I have no idea why,but we had boxes and boxes of different kinds.We decided to invite our neighbors,the Cruz family.  The Cruz’s have 　3　 us since the 1990s when my parents moved in.Emma and her husband Frank sometimes bring fresh tomatoes from their 　4　 to our door.  That night,I was sent to 　5　 them.I told them about the Mid-Autumn Festival traditions in China.Emma told me they would 　6　.  My dad 　7　 some white plastic chairs in the backyard,where we had a clear view of the 　8　 moon in the sky.My mom 　9　 a pot of green Chinese tea.When Emma and Frank arrived,my dad cut the mooncakes,　10　offering them the parts without the salty egg yolk(蛋黄),in case they didn’t 　11　 it.We sat in a circle,enjoyed our tea and 　12　 the moon.  I don’t remember what we talked about,but what does 　13　 with me is the memory of the joy of a(n) 　14　 gathering,of introducing this holiday to our neighbors and of sharing the mooncakes and tea under a bright full moon.  In that moment I understood the Mid-Autumn Festival is about 　15　 and mooncakes aren’t meant to be eaten alone.  1.A.tradition B.market C.apartment D.campus 2.A.major B.many C.enough D.much 3.A.trusted B.forgotten C.known D.appreciated 4.A.office B.school C.subway D.garden 5.A.demand B.regard C.supply D.invite 6.A.contact B.drive C.come D.return 7.A.set up B.stir up C.gave up D.watch over 8.A.specific B.new C.daily D.bright 9.A.observed B.designed C.prepared D.identified 10.A.immediately B.carefully C.excitedly D.practically 11.A.refuse B.like C.measure D.propose 12.A.looked up at B.kept up with C.put up with D.ended up at 13.A.threaten B.share C.remain D.travel 14.A.respected B.awkward C.discovered D.unexpected 15.A.togetherness B.encouragement C.childhood D.explanation Ⅵ.语篇填空 (2026浙江杭州高一期末) Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern.From Buddhist temples to museums,narrow hutong 1.　　　　　　 royal palaces,it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history,with the city keeping its carefully 2.　　　　　　(build) system of ring roads.  But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is also a place 3.　　　　　　　　 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life,with 21st-century architectural 4.　　　　　　(wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.  It is an obvious visual contrast(视觉反差) that shouldn’t work,5.　　　　　　 in a way these two very different worlds make a good combination.I 6.　　　　　　　　　(visit) there several times over the last 10 years,amazed by the co-existence of old and new,and 7.　　　　　　 a city was able to keep such a rich heritage while constantly growing.As a photographer,I have spent the last two years 8.(record) everything I discovered.  The remarkable development of this city,which 9.　　　　　　　　　(design) to protect the past while stepping into the modern world,means there is always something new to discover here,and I could 10.　　　　　(easy) imagine myself photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.  知识积累卡 一、重点单词 1.attract v.　　　　　　　→attraction n.　　　　　　　→attractive adj.　　　　　　　  2.peace n.　　　　　　　→peaceful adj.　　　　　　→peacefully adv.　　　　　　  3.achieve v.　　　　　→achievement n.　　　　　  4.impress v.　　　　　　　→impressive adj.　　　　　　　　　  5.celebrate v.　　　　　→celebration n.　　　　　　　  二、熟词生义 1.lead　本文义:adj.　　　　　　　其他义:v.　　　　　　　  2.bridge　本文义:v.　　　　　　　　其他义:n.　　　　　　  三、词块速记 1.have a full view of 　　　　　　　　　　  2.in the distance 　　　　　　　  3.receive support from 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　  4.in partnership with 　　　　　　　　  5.make a good combination 　　　　　　　  四、长难句分析 In fact,the archaeologists digging up the old house think it could have been where Pliny the Elder often stayed. 分析:本句是一个主从复合句。the archaeologists...think是主句,digging up...是动词-ing形式短语作　　　　,it could have been...是省略了连接词that的　　　　从句,where引导　　　　从句。  句意:  　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考答案 Ⅰ.1.galleries　2.amount　3.position　4.ensure　5.landscape Ⅱ.1.Announcing　2.approaching　3.charged 4.unsatisfied　5.improved　6.finished　7.to see　8.generosity Ⅲ.1.in charge of　2.It is announced that　3.large amounts of rubbish are produced　4.With the Spring Festival approaching 5.To make more foreign friends easily　6.widely used in daily life　7.I found all the seats occupied　8.To make himself heard clearly Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了意大利那不勒斯附近小镇巴科利在计划建造儿童游乐场时意外发现一座古罗马别墅,该别墅可能与老普林尼有关,并介绍了其历史背景、建筑特点及现状。 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The town of Bacoli...was trying to build a children’s playground...because surveys uncovered a Roman villa”可知,巴科利镇准备建造游乐场时发现了这座古罗马别墅,故选D项。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“An author and naturalist...wrote the Naturalis Historia,which became a publishing model for the encyclopedia”可知,老普林尼学识渊博;根据第四段中“organized several ships to save people...couldn’t escape the smoke clouds after arriving at Stabiae”可知,他不顾个人安危组织救援,体现其勇敢,故选C项。 3.B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the villa sat high on a cliffside and had a full view of the Gulf of Naples”及第五段中“had a 360-degree view of the Gulf of Naples for important reasons to do with the army”可知,这座别墅地势高、视野开阔,主要用于俯瞰那不勒斯湾,故选B项。 4.C　推理判断题。根据第七段中的“The whole area is slowly going down into the sea because of earthquakes and volcanic activity”及“now underwater”可知,由于地震和火山活动,别墅所在区域正逐渐沉入海中,处境危险,故选C项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Ahmed Yehia在埃及阿斯旺废弃的比杰岛上创建生态旅馆Eco Nubia,通过可持续旅游方式复兴努比亚文化、创造就业机会,实现经济、文化与环境多方共赢的故事。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I wanted to help repopulate it while creating value in a sustainable way”可知,Yehia创建Eco Nubia的核心目标是让废弃的比杰岛重新焕发生机,故选C项。 6.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The lodge now employs about 30 people”及最后一段中“created new jobs for about 50 Nubian families”可知,Eco Nubia通过为当地居民提供就业机会回馈社区,故选A项。 7.A　推理判断题。根据第五段中的“including CNN,which recorded a special program about it”可知,CNN专门录制了特别节目进行报道,体现了媒体对该项目的浓厚兴趣,故选A项。 8.D　推理判断题。综合全文,Eco Nubia实现了多重效益:游客获得独特体验(第五段)、岛民获得就业(第四、六段)、努比亚文化得到传承(第三、六段)、自然环境得到保护(第六段),形成了多方共赢的局面,故选D项。 Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者一家身在美国亚利桑那州,依然延续中国的传统庆祝中秋节。有一年因为月饼过多,他们邀请了邻居 Cruz 一家共度佳节。文章通过讲述分享月饼、共赏明月的过程,展现了文化交流的温馨与节日的真正内涵——团聚。 1.A　根据上文“In China,the Mid-Autumn Festival is a time...mooncakes.”及本句“still celebrates it”可知,在异地依然延续的应是中国的传统方式。 2.B　根据下文“we had boxes and boxes of different kinds”可知,作者一家发现有太多月饼。 3.C　根据下文“Emma and her husband Frank sometimes bring fresh tomatoes...to our door.”可知,两家人互有往来,关系友善,彼此认识。 4.D　根据上文“fresh tomatoes”可知,新鲜蔬菜应来自花园。 5.D　根据上文“We decided to invite our neighbors”可知,作者被派去邀请邻居。 6.C　根据下文“When Emma and Frank arrived”可知,Emma表示会来参加聚会。 7.A　根据下文“some white plastic chairs in the backyard”可知,父亲在后院摆放椅子。 8.D　根据下文“under a bright full moon”可知,中秋节的月亮是明亮的。 9.C　根据下文“a pot of green Chinese tea”可知,母亲准备了茶水。 10.B　根据下文“offering them the parts without the salty egg yolk”可知,父亲细心地挑选不含蛋黄的部分,体现对邻居口味的体贴。 11.B　根据上文“in case”可知,父亲此举是担心邻居不喜欢咸蛋黄的口味。 12.A　根据上文“look at the moon”及中秋习俗可知,此处指抬头仰望月亮。 13.C　根据下文“with me is the memory”可知,这份快乐留存在作者记忆中。 14.D　根据上文“we had boxes and boxes...We decided to invite”可知,这次聚会因月饼过多而临时起意,是一次意外的聚会。 15.A　根据下文“mooncakes aren’t meant to be eaten alone”可知,中秋节的意义在于团聚。 Ⅵ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京是一座融合古老与现代的城市,作者作为摄影师记录这座城市传统与现代并存的独特魅力。 1.to　考查介词。根据上文“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知,此处为“from...to...”结构,表示“从……到……”。 2.built　考查非谓语动词。此处修饰名词“system”,build与system是被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填built。 3.that/which　考查定语从句。此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是place,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,故填that/which。 4.wonders　考查名词复数。wonder表示“奇观”,是可数名词,前面没有限定词,用复数表示泛指,故填wonders。 5.but　考查连词。根据上文“shouldn’t work”和下文“make a good combination”可知,前后为转折关系,故填but。 6.have visited　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。时间状语“over the last 10 years”是现在完成时标志,主语是I,助动词应为have,故填have visited。 7.how　考查宾语从句。此处引导宾语从句,作介词by的宾语,表示“如何”,在从句中作方式状语,故填how。 8.recording　考查非谓语动词。此处为“spend time (in) doing sth”结构,表示“花费时间做某事”,故填recording。 9.is designed　考查动词的时态和语态。which指代city,与design是被动关系,表示“被设计、被规划”,陈述客观事实用一般现在时,故填is designed。 10.easily　考查副词。此处修饰动词imagine,要用副词形式,故填easily。 知识积累卡 一、1.吸引　有吸引力的事　有吸引力的　2.和平　和平的　和平地　3.实现　成就　4.给……留下印象　给人印象深刻的　5.庆祝　庆祝活动 二、1.首席的　领导;带领　2.连接;弥合　桥 三、1.一览无余;尽收眼底　2.在远处;远方　3.得到……的支持;获得……的援助　4.与……合作;携手　5.搭配很好 四、定语　宾语　表语 实际上,负责挖掘这座古老房屋的考古学家认为,这里很可能是老普林尼常住的居所。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $