Unit 4 History and Traditions Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking 同步练习-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第二册

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过"基础+能力提升"分层设计，构建从词汇语法到语篇应用的知识巩固路径，融合文化意识与思维品质培养，适配新授课分层教学需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础练习|核心词汇（战役、哲学等）、基础语法（词性转换、时态语态）|单词拼写结合语境（如"location"根据手机场景提示），单句语法填空强化语法规则应用，体现语言能力基础培养| |能力提升练|语篇语法（课文语法填空）、文化主题阅读（七巧板、夏威夷冲浪文化）|课文语法填空衔接单元主题，阅读理解融合文化自信（七巧板）与跨文化理解（夏威夷冲浪），提升思维品质与文化意识|

Unit 4 History and Traditions 　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking 基础练习 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.This soldier was the only survivor of the 　　　　(战役).  2.The soldiers fought bravely in 　　　　(保卫) of their country.  3.It spoke to me and brought me into a world of 　　　　(哲学).  4.[2026辽宁鞍山月考]I pulled out my phone to get my l　　　　, but it died in my hand in the cold air.  5.Mr. Wang is the 　　　　(最重要的) blogger of the online magazine, so he should keep track of news every day.  6.Sam walked her to a 　　　　(附近的) convenience store so that she could safely wait for the police to take her home.  7.[2026广东惠州月考]It is something most senior high schools give to new Senior One students— 　　　　(军事的) training.  8.The averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent 　　　　(个人).  Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.The confusing maths made me feel 　　　　　(puzzle).  2.It is 　　　　　(legal) to hunt endangered wildlife according to the law.  3.Physical 　　　　　(evident), such as fingerprints and DNA, is often more convincing in court than eyewitness testimony(证词) alone.  4.These poets as well as the famous author 　　　　　(invite) to attend the conference last month.  5.Last summer, I spent about 10 days in Yunnan Province, where I 　　　　　(fascinate) by its natural beauty and unique local cultures.  6.The ancient Confucian Temple, which was originally surrounded 　　　　　 a dense forest, now stands in the center of the city, attracting visitors who are eager to explore its profound cultural influence on the 　　　　　(surround) communities.  Ⅲ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) break away from;as well as;join...to...;keep one's eyes open;belong to 　　Last night, my brother 1.　　　　　　 I went to the old house 2.　　　　　　 my family to find some old books. We both love reading. Our father always tells us that we can 3.　　　　　　 our cellphones and computers by reading books. What's more, if we 4.　　　　　　, we will be surprised to find that there is much useful knowledge in books.  Ⅳ.完成句子 1.盯着电脑看几个小时使你的脖子僵硬?如果是这样的话,是时候站起来,四处走动走动,伸伸懒腰了。 Looking at the computer for several hours makes your neck stiff? 　　　　 　　　　, it's time to stand up, move around and stretch.(读后续写—动作描写)  2.[2026天津滨海新区月考]尽管科技改变了我们交友的方式,友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望依然不变。(the way+定语从句) Although technology has changed 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same.  能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 　　You may be　1　(confuse) about these different names—the United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England. Studying British history will help you.   　　Wales is the first country to be joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain. And in the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added, 　2　 formed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. In the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland 　3　(break) away from the UK, and that resulted 　4　 the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. You can also use its 　5　(shorten) name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.  　　The four countries belonging to the UK use the same flag and share the same currency and military　6　(defend). But they also have some differences.  　　Studying the history of the UK will make your visit more enjoyable. London is　7　 wonderful place. It has a history 　8　(date) back to Roman times. Besides, there are so many historic sites and museums. The UK has both new and old traditions, and you will be surprised 　9　(find) that you can appreciate not only its past 　10　 its present.  1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　   6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  Ⅱ.语法填空 [2026四川成都月考](文化自信) 　　Tangram(七巧板) is an ancient Chinese puzzle game that challenges players to create specific shapes 　1　(use) a set of seven pieces. The goal of the game is to form a specific outline, ensuring they fit together 　2　(perfect) without overlapping(重叠) or leaving any empty spaces.  　　Originating in China during the Song Dynasty, it gained widespread 　3　(popular) in the 18th and 19th centuries. Tangram 　4　(introduce) to Europe and America in the early 1800s, where it quickly became popular. Today, tangram remains a beloved puzzle game 　5　(treasure) for entertainment as well as educational purposes.  　　Playing tangram is more than just a fun activity and it's also an 　6　(effect) method for training the brain. The puzzle game requires spatial awareness, logical reasoning, 　7　 problem-solving abilities. Playing it can activate and strengthen important areas of the brain. Studies suggest that visual-spatial tasks like playing tangram can improve cognitive(认知的) flexibility, making 　8　 easier to process and remember information. Additionally, regularly playing tangram can strengthen memory and attention, 　9　 are important in everyday problem-solving situations.  　　Whether you're looking for a fun challenge or a way 　10　(improve) cognitive function, tangram is an excellent game to play. Plus, with digital and physical versions available, it's an easy and accessible game to enjoy at any time.  1.　　　　　2.　　　　　3.　　　　　4.　　　　　5.　　　　   6.　　　　　7.　　　　　8.　　　　　9.　　　　　10.　　　　  Ⅲ.阅读理解 A [2025广东惠州期中] 　　Chinese netizens recently expressed amazement at a map filled with thickly dotted signs clearly marking the country's historic sites and cultural relics. The map was made by Wu Yunjie, who was born in the 1990s, CCTV News reported. 　　Wu is passionate about cultural relics and has a deep interest in history. When he was in college, he would often make use of his spare time to travel around the country, exploring and documenting ancient sites. 　　In 2020, he started collecting information on cultural relic protection units and uploaded the data to his mapping software. As some of the information is not fully shown and many historical sites in rural areas cannot be located specifically, Wu spent a lot of time on research and carrying out on-site visits. Though faced with many difficulties, Wu had an interest in “this job”. “China's thousands of years of civilization has left us with a vast and rich historical heritage,” he said. 　　The map is popular online, and a netizen posted,“I actually found the ancient tower around my house on the map!” However, in Wu's eyes, the map is not perfect, as it recorded less than two percent of the over 760,000 immovable cultural relics in the country's third national survey of cultural relics. It is also a pity that the map cannot be shared as an online map yet due to technical limitations. But Wu has been working on improving it. “If possible, I'd also like to document the cultural relics that have been lost overseas. Those treasures may not be able to return to their homeland for the time being, but the stories that they carry are what we need to see.” 1.What was Wu's contribution according to CCTV News? A.He explored ancient sites around the country. B.He shared information about relic protection online. C.He designed a new piece of mapping software for tourists. D.He recorded the country's historical and cultural heritage on the map. 2.Which of the following best describes Wu's process of information collecting? A.Exciting but tiring. B.Successful and productive. C.Challenging but worthwhile. D.Disappointing and regrettable. 3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.All the ancient towers can be found on the map. B.The map will be put into use online in the near future. C.Some lost historical treasures are not included in the map. D.Wu is going to write stories about cultural relics lost overseas. 4.What is the best title for the text? A.Cultural Treasures Lost Overseas Returned Home B.Man Makes Map of Historical and Cultural Relics C.Wu Yunjie, a History Lover Promoting Chinese Culture D.A Piece of Popular Mapping Software Became a Hit Abroad B [2026安徽阜阳月考] 　　Surfing was once banned in Hawaii. Today, you can shape a surfboard like Hawaiian royalty. The art of playing in harmony with the ocean is something Native Hawaiians have done for centuries. It's called surfing nowadays, but the ancient Hawaiians called it wave sliding. 　　It was another way Native Hawaiians were connected with the ocean, a place of cultural and spiritual significance, as well as a place that many depended on for their livelihoods. From fishing to canoeing, the ocean was the center of ancient Hawaiian culture. 　　It's an addictive, exciting feeling to slide along a wave. It's no wonder the sport has exploded in popularity, with some surf breaks(冲浪点) in Australia reportedly seeing more than double the number of people in the water. Over the past decade, the number of surfers in the US has risen by 35%. It's easy to pop into any surf shop and browse the many board options. 　　Some Native Hawaiian surfers are showing respect for their ancestors by showing people how surfing is more than a sport—it's a way of life in Hawaiian culture. Oahu-born and Hawaii Island-living Bonga Perkins is one of them. Perkins' life has always revolved around surfing. Growing up near Waikiki Beach, he started surfing professionally at age 18, going on to win two world titles for longboarding in 1996 and 2008. Shaping boards for over 40 years, Perkins offers guests at the Four Seasons Resort Hualalai on Hawaii Island the chance to shape their own wooden surfboard called alaia. Then, they have the chance to ride the board they created in the water. 　　“Over the years, surfing has gradually lost its original sense, so I want to bring understanding in a grassroots way, and what better way than to shape and surf your own board?” Perkins said. “And through this experience, people can really appreciate and look at surfing in an entirely different way.” 5.What's the relationship between the ocean and ancient Hawaiians? A.It was their survival necessity. B.It served as a hard-to-find resource. C.It used to be badly damaged by them. D.It was only used for surfing activities. 6.What does the author intend to show in paragraph 3? A.The exciting experience of surfing. B.The rising popularity of surfing. C.The explosion of surf shops in Hawaii. D.The various choices of surfboards. 7.What can guests do at the Four Seasons Resort Hualalai? A.Learn to build their own alaia. B.Get professional surfing training. C.Ride Hawaiian kings' surfboards. D.Meet the world surfing champion. 8.What does Perkins aim to achieve? A.To set a new fashion. B.To tell people the advantages of surfing. C.To reduce the cost of surfboards. D.To help surfers regain the meaning of surfing. 答案 　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking 基础练习 Ⅰ.1.battle　2.defence/defense　3.philosophy 4.location　5.chief　6.nearby　7.military　8.individuals Ⅱ.1.puzzled　考查形容词。句意:令人费解的数学让我感到困惑。根据设空处前面的me和feel(系动词)可知此处表示“(人感到)困惑的”,应用形容词puzzled。 2.illegal　考查形容词。句意:根据法律,捕杀濒危野生动物是违法的。根据语境可知,此处表示“违法的”,应用所给提示词的反义词。故填illegal。 3.evidence　考查名词。句意:指纹、DNA等物证在法庭上往往比单纯的目击证词更有说服力。根据空前的形容词Physical可知设空处应用名词;physical evidence意为“物证”。故填evidence。 4.were invited　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:上个月,这些诗人和那位著名作家都被邀请参加会议了。设空处在句中作谓语,根据时间状语last month可知应用一般过去时;所给提示词invite与句子主语之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;当“A as well as B”结构作主语时,谓语动词应与A在人称和数方面保持一致(就远原则)。故填were invited。 5.was fascinated　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:去年夏天,我在云南省待了大约十天,那里的自然美景和独特的当地文化让我着迷。分析句子可知,设空处在定语从句中作谓语,根据时间状语Last summer和此处语境可知应用一般过去时;所给提示词fascinate与从句主语I之间为被动关系,应用被动语态;主语为I,助动词应用was。故填was fascinated。 6.by;surrounding　考查介词和形容词。句意:这座古老的孔庙最初被密林环绕,如今坐落在城市中心,吸引着渴望探索其对周边社区深远文化影响的游客。be surrounded by意为“被……环绕/包围”,为固定搭配,故第一空填by;第二空修饰名词communities,指“周边的社区”,应用形容词,故第二空填surrounding。 Ⅲ.1.as well as　2.belonging to　3.break away from 4.keep our eyes open Ⅳ.1.If so　2.the way we make friends 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.confused　考查形容词。sb. be confused about...意为“某人对……感到困惑”。故填confused。 2.which　考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,且前面有逗号,此处指“在19世纪,爱尔兰王国加入,这形成了大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国”,由此推断设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个主句的内容。故填which。 3.broke　考查动词的时态。设空处在句中作谓语,由时间状语In the 20th century可知应用一般过去时。故填broke。 4.in　考查介词。根据语境可知此处指“导致”;result in意为“导致”,符合语境。故填in。 5.shortened　考查过去分词。设空处修饰其后的名词name,两者之间为被动关系,应用过去分词,shortened name意为“简称”。故填shortened。 6.defence/defense　考查名词。设空处作动词share的宾语,且其前有形容词military,应用名词。故填defence或defense。 7.a　考查冠词。此处指“伦敦是一个极好的地方”,表示泛指,且wonderful的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 8.dating　考查动词-ing形式。此处指“它有可以追溯到罗马时代的历史”,history后面是后置定语,用来修饰history;date back to作定语时常用动词-ing形式。故填dating。 9.to find　考查动词不定式。此处是“主语+be+adj.(表示心理活动的词)+to do sth.”结构。故填to find。 10.but　考查连词。not only...but (also)...意为“不但……而且……”,其中的also可以省略。故填but。 Ⅱ. 1.using　考查动词-ing形式。句意:七巧板是一种源自中国古代的益智游戏,该游戏要求玩家利用七块成套的拼板来拼出特定的形状。分析句子可知,设空处作状语,应用非谓语动词;提示词use与其逻辑主语players之间是主动关系,所以应用动词-ing形式。故填using。 2.perfectly　考查副词。句意:该游戏的目标是构建出一个特定的轮廓,确保它们能够完美地拼在一起,既不重叠也不留有任何空隙。设空处修饰动词fit,应用副词。故填perfectly。 3.popularity　考查名词。句意:它起源于中国的宋朝,在18世纪和19世纪广泛流行开来。设空处作gain 的宾语,应用名词;popular的名词形式popularity是不可数名词。故填popularity。 4.was introduced　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:七巧板于19世纪初被引入欧洲和美洲,在那里它迅速流行起来。分析句子可知,设空处为主句的谓语,根据句中的时间状语in the early 1800s可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时;提示词introduce与主语Tangram之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语表示单数意义,助动词应用was。故填was introduced。 5.treasured　考查过去分词。句意:如今,七巧板仍是一款深受喜爱的益智游戏,它因娱乐价值和教育意义而被珍视。分析句子可知,设空处作后置定语,修饰puzzle game,提示词treasure与被修饰词之间是被动关系,所以应用过去分词。故填treasured。 6.effective　考查形容词。句意:玩七巧板不仅仅是一项有趣的活动,它还是一种锻炼大脑的有效方式。设空处修饰其后的名词method,应用形容词。故填effective。 7.and　考查连词。句意:这个益智游戏需要空间意识、逻辑推理和解决问题的能力。分析句子可知,空前的“spatial awareness” “logical reasoning”和空后的“problem-solving abilities”是并列关系,应用并列连词and连接。 8.it　考查it的用法。句意:研究表明,像玩七巧板这样的视觉空间类任务能够提高认知灵活性,从而更便于信息的处理和记忆。分析句子可知,此处为“make it+adj.+to do sth.”结构,其中的it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语。故填it。 9.which　考查定语从句。句意:此外,经常玩七巧板游戏能够增强记忆力和注意力,记忆力和注意力在日常解决问题的情境中非常重要。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词memory and attention,关系词在从句中作主语,所以应用关系代词which引导。 10.to improve　考查动词不定式。句意:无论你是寻求有趣的挑战,还是想要寻找一种提升认知功能的方法,七巧板都是一种玩起来非常不错的游戏。分析句子可知,设空处在way后作后置定语,应用动词不定式,表示“做……的方法”。故填to improve。 Ⅲ.A 1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段“Chinese netizens...marking the country's historic sites and cultural relics...CCTV News reported.”可知,根据央视新闻报道,吴运杰在地图上记录了国家的历史遗址和文物,这是他的贡献。故选D。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As some of the information...Wu spent a lot of time...”可知,吴运杰的信息收集过程面临许多困难,充满挑战;根据第三段中的“China's thousands of years of civilization has left us with a vast and rich historical heritage”可知,中国几千年的文明给我们留下了巨大而丰富的历史遗产,因此这项工作是有价值的。故选C。 3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If possible, I'd also like to document the cultural relics that have been lost overseas.”可推断,一些遗失在海外的历史珍宝没有包含在地图里。故选C。 4.B　根据上面的文章结构可知,B项“Man Makes Map of Historical and Cultural Relics”是本文的最佳标题。故选B。 B 5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was another way Native Hawaiians were connected with the ocean, a place of cultural and spiritual significance, as well as a place that many depended on for their livelihoods.”可知,海洋是许多夏威夷原住民赖以生存的地方,是他们生存的必需品。故选A。 6.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“the sport has exploded in popularity” “more than double the number of people in the water” “the number of surfers in the US has risen by 35%”可知,作者通过描述冲浪点人数的增加和冲浪者数量的增长等来展示冲浪运动的日益流行。故选B。 7.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Perkins offers guests at the Four Seasons Resort Hualalai on Hawaii Island the chance to shape their own wooden surfboard called alaia”可知,客人在这里可以学习制作自己的alaia。故选A。 8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Over the years, surfing has gradually lost its original sense, so I want to bring understanding in a grassroots way...people can really appreciate and look at surfing in an entirely different way.”可推测,Perkins的目标是帮助冲浪者重新找回冲浪的意义。故选D。 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $