高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 4 Natural Disasters（适中版02）

高中英语单元测试——Unit 4 Natural Disasters（适中版02） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）How does the man feel about the speech? A．Boring. B．Interesting. C．Inspiring. 2．（本题1.5分）How can doctors go to the earthquake-stricken area? A．By ship. B．By train. C．By air. 3．（本题1.5分）When did the fire happen? A．Thirty minutes ago. B．Forty minutes ago. C．Sixty minutes ago. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A house. B．A storm. C．An accident. 5．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation most probably take place? A．At home. B．At a hospital. C．At a drug store. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(3分)What does the man suggest doing in an earthquake? A．Going outside. B．Protecting the pet. C．Hiding under something. 7．How old is the man? A．20. B．25. C．30. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(3分)How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 9．Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 10．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(4.5分)How high was the Seine River in 1910? A．Around 5 feet high. B．Around 20 feet high. C．Around 28 feet high. 12．What had to get moved to higher floors? A．Many residents. B．Artworks. C．Power equipment. 13．What does the woman want to see the most? A．The Louvre. B．The Eiffel Tower. C．The Musée d’Orsay. （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(6分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Boss and worker. C．Teacher and student. 15．What is the woman's attitude towards Mark? A．She feels nervous. B．She trusts him a lot. C．She is disappointed in him. 16．Why does the man believe in Mark? A．Because Mark is an adult. B．Because Mark is smart enough. C．Because Mark has had special training. 17．What will the speakers do for Mark? A．Tell him their experience. B．Design an emergency drill. C．Help him out of the emergency. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(6分)What threatens this city most? A．Wildfires. B．Storms. C．Floods. 19．What was the original purpose of the exhibition? A．To get money donations. B．To grow community art programs. C．To teach others about local issues. 20．What will the speaker do next? A．Invite others to speak. B．Share more local artworks. C．Present information on disasters. 二、阅读理解 Natural Disasters Big waves, huge eruptions and ice-cold winds-these are just a few things that happen naturally and can quickly turn into a disaster! Understanding these disasters can help us stay safe and prepared. Let’s explore some of these natural disasters! Volcanic Eruption Think about a mountain with an opening at the top through which hot molten (熔化的) rock, gas, steam, and ash burst (爆发). That’s a volcanic eruption! People living close to volcanoes must always be prepared in case of an eruption. This is so they can get away and stay safe from hot lava running down it. Volcanic eruptions can also help to make new land if it happens under the sea. Tsunami Have you ever been to the beach and seen really big waves? Now think about those waves being up to 20 times bigger-that is how big tsunami’s waves can be! These waves are caused by an earthquake that happens under the sea. They are very fast and strong and can wash people and buildings away. Blizzards A blizzard is a weather event that includes low temperatures, strong winds and heavy snowfall. These weather conditions result in car accidents and people on foot can get lost. Additionally, these colder temperatures put people at risk of frostbite or hypothermia. Droughts When it does not rain for a very very long time, it can cause a drought. In some areas, the soil becomes very dry and even the plants do not have water. This is bad because all living things like plants, people and animals need water to live. Nature is full of interesting things, and learning about them means we can be prepared if we find ourselves in one of them. 21．(0分)What is a volcanic eruption? A．A mountain covered in deep snow. B．A burst of lava from a mountain. C．An earthquake happening under the sea. D．A land newly formed by molten rocks. 22．What can we learn about blizzards? A．They wash people and buildings away. B．They cause damaging droughts. C．They make it hard for people to go around. D．They involve dramatically big waves. 23．What is the purpose of the text? A．To introduce. B．To comment. C．To debate. D．To record. （本题10分）My family lost almost everything in the little-known but worst flood of Louisiana last year. It began raining in mid-August and didn’t stop for days. There was talk that the local rivers were going to crest (到达洪峰) and cause some serious flooding. We lived somewhat close to the Amite River, but old neighbours told us our neighbourhood hadn’t flooded in over 100 years. We thought we had several days to plan on how to shelter. On August 13, I woke up and headed toward the river. Some of the lower areas were collecting water but there was no standing water anywhere near my house or even my neighbourhood. I went back home and told my wife we should probably get some supplies in case this got serious; that maybe we should even pack a car in case we needed to leave though I was very certain there was nothing to worry about. About 30 minutes into slowly packing, my wife’s cousin came and told us to evacuate at once. I looked behind her and noticed my yard underwater and the waterline only about a half- inch from going over my doorstep and into my house. I was floored. We had no time! My wife and I packed up both our cars in about 10 minutes with only our most precious (珍贵的) memories. Everything else we had built during a 10-year marriage was left behind. We evacuated about 5 miles east away from the river to my wife’s grandmother’s. After being there for about an hour, the river was coming. We evacuated a second time in as many hours to her cousin’s house even further east. After only an hour, we found the river was on the way and we had to leave, again. We evacuated three times that day. I drove back through the flooded waters at some point because we left our cat. When I got back to our house, I walked through knee-deep water filled with rubbish and our waterlogged belongings (浸水的财物). Got the cat safely though. 24．(10分)Why did the author slowly prepare to leave at first? A．Because there were too many supplies. B．Because he wanted to get his car repaired. C．Because no standing water appeared nearby. D．Because he had to wait for his wife’s cousin. 25．What does the underlined word “floored” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Shocked. B．Confused. C．Satisfied. D．Amazed. 26．Where did the author’s family evacuate to first? A．A safe shelter downtown. B．His parents’ house. C．His wife’s grandmother’s. D．His wife’s cousin’s house. 27．What can be known about the flood? A．It lasted for a month. B．It destroyed many cars. C．It came very slowly. D．It caused much damage. Global sea levels continue to rise, posing a significant threat to coastal populations worldwide. Faced with two major threats: ongoing sea-level rise and predictions that 36.6 million people in Asian coastal cities could face annual flooding by 2070, Luca Curci Architects proposed the Floating City as a groundbreaking solution. This design allows urban areas to adapt to rising waters, directly addressing these growing disasters. The proposed city is a wonder of modern design. Structurally, each 25-acre unit houses up to 50,000 residents, with its buildings kept at a height of under 90 meters for stability. Using seawater-resistant materials, these structures are also designed to be flexible, much like bamboo, to resist waves. Energy-wise, the project plans to use a mix of renewable energy sources, getting power from wind, water, and the sun to power the city. A key innovation is its safety system: during extreme weather, platforms can automatically separate and regroup using a system inspired by how groups of fish avoid predators. The project also offers significant environmental advantages. A 2023 study by the Marine Future Institute suggests that, compared to building artificial islands, this floating method protects up to 68% more of the marine ecosystem. Furthermore, its closed-loop system is expected to reduce carbon emissions by over 90%compared to a land-based city of a similar size. However, despite these benefits, significant challenges remain. Financially, the initial construction cost is estimated to be 30% higher than traditional land-based developments. Technologically, the constant exposure to seawater damages materials, with research indicating that up to 15% of a platform’s surface could require repair annually. Moreover, comprehensive emergency plans for events such as tsunamis are still in development. “This isn’t about abandoning coasts,” notes designer Tim Fu, “but evolving with them.” While its long-term success is still debated, the design redefines urban strength under challenging situations. Unlike rigid sea walls that fight against nature, these dynamic structures are designed to harmonize with oceanic rhythms. “Cities must learn to dance with the waves,” Curci concludes. This philosophy could transform humanity’s relationship with rising seas, turning a threat into a sustainable opportunity. 28．(0分)What drove Luca Curci Architects to come up with a new design? A．Energy crisis. B．Potential disasters. C．Tourism expansion. D．Overcrowded cities. 29．Which of the following best describes Luca Curci’s design? A．Adaptable and innovative. B．Fictional and renewable. C．Eco-friendly and immovable. D．Wave-resistant and conventional. 30．A major limitation of the Floating City project is that ______. A．its carbon emissions are higher than land-based cities B．it negatively impacts marine life more than artificial islands C．its structures require regular repair due to seawater exposure D．its emergency planning for tsunamis is fully completed 31．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Ocean Protection: Life under Threat. B．Rising with the Tides: Floating Cities. C．Connecting to the Future: Eco Solutions. D．Coastal Design: Inspiration from Bamboo. （本题10分）The earthquake in Russia’s Kamchatka Peninsula on July 30 may have been one of the strongest ever recorded, with a magnitude of 8.8. But thanks to advances in science and technology, governments had enough time to warn and evacuate people before the tsunami arrived. To understand how coastal communities are protected, you first need to know how tsunamis are formed. They are caused when the sea floor moves after an earthquake, landslide or volcanic eruption.This movement releases energy, which pushes a wave through the deep sea. Different from normal ocean waves caused by wind and storms, tsunami waves move through the whole depth of the water, not just the surface. The first early warning system for the Pacific Ocean was set up in 1948. Since then, warning accuracy and speed have improved greatly. One key step was in 1963, when a worldwide network of seismometers (测震仪) was built. This made it easier to find the location and strength of an earthquake. In 1978, this system was upgraded to a digital broadband global network of seismometers, which could give more detailed information more quickly. Scientists could now estimate the earthquake’s size,where the ground split, and how it moved in three dimensions. Today, 46 countries share data through the Pacific Ocean warning system. It uses both physical and statistical models to predict tsunami height. Satellites can now measure wave height directly from space using radar (雷达). Forecast methods have also improved and scientists have even started using AI programs to make predictions faster and more accurate. However, tsunami height predictions are never precise — the height can be higher or lower than expected in different places. Early warning systems also depend on fast communication with the public.This includes mobile phone alerts (警报). coordination (协调) between countries, clear safety advice,evacuation plans and regular tests of the alarm system. As a tsunami gets near the shore, it slows down to about the speed of a car, but it is still impossible to outrun it. The best choice is to act quickly and calmly. 32．(10分)How does the author present the topic? A．By quoting an expert. B．By giving a concept. C．By giving examples. D．By listing numbers. 33．What makes tsunami more destructive? A．The energy from disasters. B．The waves caused by storms. C．The movement of sea floor. D．The deep-sea water mass movement. 34．Which is true about the warning system? A．The key step was finished in 1948. B．Initial estimates can remain unchanged. C．The earthquake size can’t be known. D．AI program usage makes prediction more reliable. 35．What’s the author’s suggestion in the last paragraph? A．Timely reaction matters most. B．We need more evidence. C．Public awareness isn’t enough. D．Further study is impossible. （本题12.5分）Severe floods are becoming more and more common around the world. 36(12.5分) , but could the way that cities are growing be making things worse? Could we design cities in a different way to reduce the risk of flooding? As cities expand and more and more land is underneath concrete, less water is absorbed and more needs to be channelled away by storm drains and sewage (污水) systems. As they become overwhelmed by the volume of water, the risk of flash flooding increases. 37 ? Chinese landscape architect Yu Kongjian certainly thinks so. In 2013, he proposed the concept of ‘sponge (海绵) cities’, which are designed to absorb water like a sponge, reducing the risk of sudden floods. Natural solutions are encouraged, using riverside parks and ponds to absorb floodwater. 38 . Auckland, in New Zealand, was named the spongiest city in one study. It has replaced the concrete culverts (涵洞) around the Oakley creek stream with green banks and connected parks. This has reduced flooding in the nearby residential areas as well as the number of associated pollutants which used to be washed into the sea. What Auckland has taken is only a natural approach. 39 . In Amsterdam, the Netherlands’ capital city, people have fixed blue-green roofs on a number of buildings. These roofs have a layer of plants on the outside, and then layers underneath which collect and store rainwater. This water can be used by people in the building below to water plants or clean toilets. Advanced software can even tell the roofs to release water ahead of upcoming storms to maximize the system’s ability to absorb rainwater. 40 . A．A system like that does actually work B．The warming climate is leading to heavier rainfall C．Could it be that we’ve been taking the wrong approach D．But a much more high-tech method has already been applied E．Approaches inspired by this have been taken by cities across the world F．Is the natural approach sufficient when we’re faced with increased rainfall G．It can even identify the city’s risky areas and tailor the response accordingly 三、完形填空 （本题15分）Pa Jit, a restaurant in Thailand, was crowded with customers coming for a unique experience: enjoying a meal in flood waters while 41 fish brought in by a recent flood. “When a nearby river broke its banks 11 days ago, my heart 42 ,” said owner Pornkamol Prangprempree. “Then a(n) 43 idea occurred to me.” At first, Pornkamol was 44 that there would be no customer. But then a customer posted online a picture showing that there were a lot of 45 swimming in the water in the flooded restaurant. Since then, many people have come here to 46 . Bella Windy, a 29-year-old who lives in the same area, was there with her husband and 47 . She said when she saw the post, she couldn’t 48 . “I think in Thailand, there’s only this place where you can feed fish like this. It is the nature experience here that 49 me. Best of all, when my boy sees the fish, he is 50 and becomes less picky!” Bella laughed. Pornkamol said floods have 51 her business, with her profits 52 from around $309 to around $618 per day. “Though the 53 has brought an unexpected profit to Pa Jit, it has 54 many other areas of Thailand,” Prangprempree said 55 . “And many people died.” 41．(15分)A．purchasing B．feeding C．painting D．cooking 42．A．attacked B．warmed C．sank D．flew 43．A．unusual B．stupid C．old D．confusing 44．A．shocked B．assured C．warned D．worried 45．A．kids B．sheep C．fish D．customers 46．A．perform B．eat C．donate D．work 47．A．son B．mother C．coach D．friend 48．A．accept B．resist C．control D．protest 49．A．appeals to B．focuses on C．responds to D．relies on 50．A．threatened B．relieved C．overjoyed D．cured 51．A．hurt B．delayed C．missed D．boosted 52．A．doubling B．declining C．ranging D．referring 53．A．celebration B．flood C．game D．family 54．A．helped B．included C．affected D．explored 55．A．politely B．carefully C．gratefully D．sadly 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Earthquake Warning California is the country’s first publicly available, statewide warning system 56(15分) could give people 57 (value) seconds to take cover before they feel any shaking. 58 (manage) by the Governor’s Office of Emergency Services, Earthquake Warning California detects (发现) earthquakes before humans can feel 59 (they) and can tell Californians to “Drop, Cover and Hold On” in advance 60 an earthquake. 61 (receive) earthquake warnings, people should download the MyShake App and should make sure their phones can receive emergency alerts (警报), including:    MyShake App: A free smartphone app that 62 (provide) iPhone and Android users with warnings. Available in the Apple App and Google Play stores; Android Earthquake Alerts System: A free service that detects earthquakes and can alert Android users before any shaking starts, which uses 63 same technology as the MyShake App; Wireless Emergency Alerts: No-cost text messages for emergency situations. If you live in or travel to areas that could 64 (strike) by an earthquake, 65 (prepare) is very important, as these events can happen suddenly, at any time, with little warning. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter得知你所在的城市在上周遭遇了一场暴雨（rainstorm），非常担心，来信询问你的情况。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 暴雨发生时你的处境； 2. 暴雨影响及灾后救援； 3. 表达感谢。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语，续写两段使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Another wildly bright lightning along with a thunder cracked in the sky! Mary swiftly threw herself into her Mum’s arms, burying her face into her chest and trembling with fright. “I think we should leave here right away!” She murmured in a crying tone. Instantly, Dad refused her request again for the fact that the city had already been flooded severely. As he saw through their window, the almost three-meter-high floodwater had already surrounded the apartment building like a wide river, several cars floating on it just like boats. “Black out!” Mary gasped fearfully, the wind roaring and the rain beating on the roof and windows, which made her even more nervous in the whole darkness. Mum took Mary’s hand and carefully led her to sit on the sofa, trying her best to comfort her. While she performed calmly, Mary could tell she was nervous too. “Let’s try to find a light source first and then see what other supplies we have.” Dad made an arrangement. Luckily, there was a flashlight, some packages of instant noodles, bread and some drinking water, which may help them get through the toughness for the half of the night. Without saying a single word, Dad turned on the flashlight, sat down and hugged his wife and daughter. The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening outside. Only the light of the flashlight could now give them some warmth and a sense of little hope. “What about Mrs. Thomson? Old and weak, she must be extremely helpless.” Mum said with great concern when she thought about their nice neighbor who lived alone upstairs of the same building. After a brief discussion, Mum and Dad decided they should go and check whether Mrs. Thomson was fine. Mary, with heavy breath and pounding heart, stood up immediately, ready to bring all their supplies to Mrs. Thomson’s house.注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 In the darkness, they supported each other and went upstairs step by step with the light of the flashlight. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, a bunch of searching light from a rescue boat flashed across Mrs. Thomson’s window. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 4 Natural Disasters（适中版02）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）How does the man feel about the speech? A．Boring. B．Interesting. C．Inspiring. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Peter, what do you think of the speech? I think it’s inspiring. M: I don’t find it inspiring at all. Quite the contrary, I just want it to be over with. 2．（本题1.5分）How can doctors go to the earthquake-stricken area? A．By ship. B．By train. C．By air. 【答案】C 【原文】M: The strong earthquake has destroyed transport in that area. W: Then how can rescue teams and supplies reach there? M: By plane. Food, clothing, rescue and medical teams are all sent in this way. 3．（本题1.5分）When did the fire happen? A．Thirty minutes ago. B．Forty minutes ago. C．Sixty minutes ago. 【答案】A 【原文】W: There was a fire half an hour ago. M: Luckily nobody got hurt in it. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A house. B．A storm. C．An accident. 【答案】B 【原文】W: We moved out before it reached this area. When we returned, I found there was water everywhere, even in my bedroom. M: It was really scary. The roof of my house was blown away by the wind. 5．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation most probably take place? A．At home. B．At a hospital. C．At a drug store. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Excuse me, I’m looking for something for a stomachache. W: I see, sir. How long have you had this problem? M: For a few days. W:You could try this medicine. It may help. But I think you should see a doctor. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(3分)What does the man suggest doing in an earthquake? A．Going outside. B．Protecting the pet. C．Hiding under something. 7．How old is the man? A．20. B．25. C．30. 【答案】6．C 7．C 【原文】W: Did you feel the earthquake last night? M: I did. It must have been a big one as I’m a heavy sleeper. W: I grabbed my dog and ran outside as soon as I felt the earthquake. M: Oh, you shouldn’t do that. You should find something to hide under. I gathered my family under a strong table. W: I’ll remember that for the future. M: The last earthquake was 20 years ago when I was 10 years old. I still remember it now. It only lasted about 25 seconds, but it was very scary. I couldn’t go back to sleep afterwards. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(3分)How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 9．Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 10．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. 【答案】8．B 9．B 10．A 【原文】M: Hey, Hillary. Have you watched the news about Guatemala on television? W: Are you talking about the hurricane? I read it on a website this morning. M: Yeah. It looked terrible, right? W: Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in Guatemala. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house was destroyed! M: Oh, no! Is he OK? W: Yeah, luckily, he didn’t get hurt. He heard on the news that a storm was coming, so he went to a public storm shelter. M: I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house though. What is he going to do? W: He is at a friend’s house now, and he will fix his house as soon as possible. M: Well, that is good news. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(4.5分)How high was the Seine River in 1910? A．Around 5 feet high. B．Around 20 feet high. C．Around 28 feet high. 12．What had to get moved to higher floors? A．Many residents. B．Artworks. C．Power equipment. 13．What does the woman want to see the most? A．The Louvre. B．The Eiffel Tower. C．The Musée d’Orsay. 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．C 【原文】M: I’m worried about our trip to Paris next week. W: Why? M: There has been heavy rain that has lifted the Seine River to about 20 feet, its highest level since 1982. It actually reached 28.2 feet in 1910, if you can believe it... It is normally only 5 feet high. Workers have said that the river won’t go back to its original level for another week or two. W: Do you think the ground beneath the Eiffel Tower is flooded? M: It is. I saw a photo of it. W: We won’t even be able to walk around and see the city! M: I think we can still walk around. We just have to bring rain boots so our feet don’t get wet or muddy. Many buildings don’t have power, and I read that staff at the Louvre Museum had to move all the artworks to higher floors. It’s still closed to visitors. W: I hope we can at least see the Musée d’Orsay. That’s my favorite museum in the world. M: That’s closed, too. W: Oh no! （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(6分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Boss and worker. C．Teacher and student. 15．What is the woman's attitude towards Mark? A．She feels nervous. B．She trusts him a lot. C．She is disappointed in him. 16．Why does the man believe in Mark? A．Because Mark is an adult. B．Because Mark is smart enough. C．Because Mark has had special training. 17．What will the speakers do for Mark? A．Tell him their experience. B．Design an emergency drill. C．Help him out of the emergency. 【答案】14．A 15．A 16．C 17．B 【原文】W: Mark is left alone at home. How's he feeling? I'm still worried. M: Oh, honey, he's already 12. W: Although he doesn't look anxious or unhappy, I know he's just pretending to be brave. M: Take it easy! He's fine. W: But we have to make sure that he knows what to do in case of emergency. M: Of course he does. He took part in the first aid training program last month and passed the exam. W: The exam? It cannot help absolutely in reality. M: Hmm, you have a point. W: I have got a solution. Let's create an emergency situation for him. Then he'll have real life experience instead of just theory. M: Shh! Keep the plan between us. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(6分)What threatens this city most? A．Wildfires. B．Storms. C．Floods. 19．What was the original purpose of the exhibition? A．To get money donations. B．To grow community art programs. C．To teach others about local issues. 20．What will the speaker do next? A．Invite others to speak. B．Share more local artworks. C．Present information on disasters. 【答案】18．C 19．B 20．A 【原文】 W: Thanks for coming to this art gallery opening. As you can see, all the art here has been painted and created to represent and celebrate local natural beauty. We come from such a beautiful place, so it is very important to realize how at risk it is. I’m not saying this to scare anyone, but to remind us how much we love our planet and how important it is to protect what we love. Here, you’ll see images of hills on fire, powerful typhoons, and rising floods. Within our coastal city, the biggest danger is sea-level rise. Many local artists have painted our streets and train stations underwater to show how real these risks are. Before we open the room to guests, I want to share the origin of this show. The initial idea was not fundraising or even climate messaging. We simply wanted to expand art classes in our community centers. That modest goal grew into this exhibition as students, teachers, and neighbors offered their talent, stories, and support. Because of everyone of you, more workshops will launch next month. To thank you for helping us reach this moment, I’d like to invite several of our lead supporters to say a few words about the student program. 二、阅读理解 Natural Disasters Big waves, huge eruptions and ice-cold winds-these are just a few things that happen naturally and can quickly turn into a disaster! Understanding these disasters can help us stay safe and prepared. Let’s explore some of these natural disasters! Volcanic Eruption Think about a mountain with an opening at the top through which hot molten (熔化的) rock, gas, steam, and ash burst (爆发). That’s a volcanic eruption! People living close to volcanoes must always be prepared in case of an eruption. This is so they can get away and stay safe from hot lava running down it. Volcanic eruptions can also help to make new land if it happens under the sea. Tsunami Have you ever been to the beach and seen really big waves? Now think about those waves being up to 20 times bigger-that is how big tsunami’s waves can be! These waves are caused by an earthquake that happens under the sea. They are very fast and strong and can wash people and buildings away. Blizzards A blizzard is a weather event that includes low temperatures, strong winds and heavy snowfall. These weather conditions result in car accidents and people on foot can get lost. Additionally, these colder temperatures put people at risk of frostbite or hypothermia. Droughts When it does not rain for a very very long time, it can cause a drought. In some areas, the soil becomes very dry and even the plants do not have water. This is bad because all living things like plants, people and animals need water to live. Nature is full of interesting things, and learning about them means we can be prepared if we find ourselves in one of them. 21．(0分)What is a volcanic eruption? A．A mountain covered in deep snow. B．A burst of lava from a mountain. C．An earthquake happening under the sea. D．A land newly formed by molten rocks. 22．What can we learn about blizzards? A．They wash people and buildings away. B．They cause damaging droughts. C．They make it hard for people to go around. D．They involve dramatically big waves. 23．What is the purpose of the text? A．To introduce. B．To comment. C．To debate. D．To record. 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了常见的四种自然灾害。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据Volcanic Eruption部分中“Think about a mountain with an opening at the top through which hot molten (熔化的) rock, gas, steam, and ash burst (爆发). That’s a volcanic eruption!(想象一座山的顶部有一个开口，灼热的熔岩、气体、蒸汽和灰烬可以从中喷发出来。那是火山喷发！)”可知，火山喷发就是岩浆从山里喷发出来。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据Blizzards部分中“These weather conditions result in car accidents and people on foot can get lost.(这样的天气状况会导致车祸，步行的人也会迷路。)”可知，暴风雪会使得人们出行困难。故选C。 23．推理判断题。根据第一段“Big waves, huge eruptions and ice-cold winds-these are just a few things that happen naturally and can quickly turn into a disaster! Understanding these disasters can help us stay safe and prepared. Let’s explore some of these natural disasters!(巨浪，巨大的火山喷发和冰冷的风——这些只是自然发生的一些事情，很快就会变成一场灾难！了解这些灾难可以帮助我们保持安全并做好准备。让我们来探索一下这些自然灾害吧！)”可知，本文旨在向学生介绍自然灾害，让学生对灾害所有了解。故选A。 （本题10分）My family lost almost everything in the little-known but worst flood of Louisiana last year. It began raining in mid-August and didn’t stop for days. There was talk that the local rivers were going to crest (到达洪峰) and cause some serious flooding. We lived somewhat close to the Amite River, but old neighbours told us our neighbourhood hadn’t flooded in over 100 years. We thought we had several days to plan on how to shelter. On August 13, I woke up and headed toward the river. Some of the lower areas were collecting water but there was no standing water anywhere near my house or even my neighbourhood. I went back home and told my wife we should probably get some supplies in case this got serious; that maybe we should even pack a car in case we needed to leave though I was very certain there was nothing to worry about. About 30 minutes into slowly packing, my wife’s cousin came and told us to evacuate at once. I looked behind her and noticed my yard underwater and the waterline only about a half- inch from going over my doorstep and into my house. I was floored. We had no time! My wife and I packed up both our cars in about 10 minutes with only our most precious (珍贵的) memories. Everything else we had built during a 10-year marriage was left behind. We evacuated about 5 miles east away from the river to my wife’s grandmother’s. After being there for about an hour, the river was coming. We evacuated a second time in as many hours to her cousin’s house even further east. After only an hour, we found the river was on the way and we had to leave, again. We evacuated three times that day. I drove back through the flooded waters at some point because we left our cat. When I got back to our house, I walked through knee-deep water filled with rubbish and our waterlogged belongings (浸水的财物). Got the cat safely though. 24．(10分)Why did the author slowly prepare to leave at first? A．Because there were too many supplies. B．Because he wanted to get his car repaired. C．Because no standing water appeared nearby. D．Because he had to wait for his wife’s cousin. 25．What does the underlined word “floored” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Shocked. B．Confused. C．Satisfied. D．Amazed. 26．Where did the author’s family evacuate to first? A．A safe shelter downtown. B．His parents’ house. C．His wife’s grandmother’s. D．His wife’s cousin’s house. 27．What can be known about the flood? A．It lasted for a month. B．It destroyed many cars. C．It came very slowly. D．It caused much damage. 【答案】24．C 25．A 26．C 27．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在路易斯安那州遭遇罕见洪灾时三次撤离的经历。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“There was talk that the local rivers were going to crest and cause some serious flooding. We lived somewhat close to the Amite River, but old neighbours told us our neighbourhood hadn’t flooded in over 100 years. We thought we had several days to plan on how to shelter.(有消息称，当地的河流即将迎来洪峰，引发严重的洪水灾害。我们住的地方离阿米特河不算太远，但老邻居们告诉我们，我们所在的社区已经有一百多年没有遭遇过洪水了。我们以为还有几天时间，可以规划一下如何避难。)”、第二段中“Some of the lower areas were collecting water but there was no standing water anywhere near my house or even my neighbourhood. I went back home and told my wife we should probably get some supplies in case this got serious; that maybe we should even pack a car in case we needed to leave though I was very certain there was nothing to worry about.(一些地势较低的区域已经开始积水，但我家附近，甚至整个社区里，都还没有出现积水没过地面的情况。我回到家，告诉妻子我们或许应该准备些生活物资，以防情况恶化；甚至可以收拾一辆车的行李，以备不时之需，尽管我当时十分确定，根本没什么可担心的。)”可知，作者一开始慢慢准备离开是因为附近没有积水。故选C。 25．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“I looked behind her and noticed my yard underwater and the waterline only about a half- inch from going over my doorstep and into my house. I was floored. We had no time!(我回头一看，发现我的院子被水淹了，水位线离我家门阶只有半英寸，就要漫进屋里了。我floored。我们没有时间了！)”可知，作者发现院子被水淹了，水位线离门阶只有半英寸，就要漫进屋里了，这让作者感到震惊。由此可知，floored意为“震惊的”。A. Shocked震惊的；B. Confused困惑的；C. Satisfied满意的；D. Amazed惊讶的。故选A。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段中“We evacuated about 5 miles east away from the river to my wife’s grandmother’s.(我们向东撤离了大约5英里，到了我妻子的祖母家。)”可知，作者一家首先撤离到了妻子的祖母家。故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据第一段中“My family lost almost everything in the little-known but worst flood of Louisiana last year.(去年，我的家人在路易斯安那州一场鲜为人知但最严重的洪灾中几乎失去了一切。)”以及最后一段中“I drove back through the flooded waters at some point because we left our cat. When I got back to our house, I walked through knee-deep water filled with rubbish and our waterlogged belongings.(在某个时刻，我开车穿过洪水，因为我们把猫留下了。当我回到我们家时，我走过齐膝深的水，里面满是垃圾和我们浸水的财物。)”可知，这场洪水造成了很大的破坏。故选D。 Global sea levels continue to rise, posing a significant threat to coastal populations worldwide. Faced with two major threats: ongoing sea-level rise and predictions that 36.6 million people in Asian coastal cities could face annual flooding by 2070, Luca Curci Architects proposed the Floating City as a groundbreaking solution. This design allows urban areas to adapt to rising waters, directly addressing these growing disasters. The proposed city is a wonder of modern design. Structurally, each 25-acre unit houses up to 50,000 residents, with its buildings kept at a height of under 90 meters for stability. Using seawater-resistant materials, these structures are also designed to be flexible, much like bamboo, to resist waves. Energy-wise, the project plans to use a mix of renewable energy sources, getting power from wind, water, and the sun to power the city. A key innovation is its safety system: during extreme weather, platforms can automatically separate and regroup using a system inspired by how groups of fish avoid predators. The project also offers significant environmental advantages. A 2023 study by the Marine Future Institute suggests that, compared to building artificial islands, this floating method protects up to 68% more of the marine ecosystem. Furthermore, its closed-loop system is expected to reduce carbon emissions by over 90%compared to a land-based city of a similar size. However, despite these benefits, significant challenges remain. Financially, the initial construction cost is estimated to be 30% higher than traditional land-based developments. Technologically, the constant exposure to seawater damages materials, with research indicating that up to 15% of a platform’s surface could require repair annually. Moreover, comprehensive emergency plans for events such as tsunamis are still in development. “This isn’t about abandoning coasts,” notes designer Tim Fu, “but evolving with them.” While its long-term success is still debated, the design redefines urban strength under challenging situations. Unlike rigid sea walls that fight against nature, these dynamic structures are designed to harmonize with oceanic rhythms. “Cities must learn to dance with the waves,” Curci concludes. This philosophy could transform humanity’s relationship with rising seas, turning a threat into a sustainable opportunity. 28．(0分)What drove Luca Curci Architects to come up with a new design? A．Energy crisis. B．Potential disasters. C．Tourism expansion. D．Overcrowded cities. 29．Which of the following best describes Luca Curci’s design? A．Adaptable and innovative. B．Fictional and renewable. C．Eco-friendly and immovable. D．Wave-resistant and conventional. 30．A major limitation of the Floating City project is that ______. A．its carbon emissions are higher than land-based cities B．it negatively impacts marine life more than artificial islands C．its structures require regular repair due to seawater exposure D．its emergency planning for tsunamis is fully completed 31．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A．Ocean Protection: Life under Threat. B．Rising with the Tides: Floating Cities. C．Connecting to the Future: Eco Solutions. D．Coastal Design: Inspiration from Bamboo. 【答案】28．B 29．A 30．C 31．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Luca Curci建筑事务所为应对海平面上升带来的沿海灾害威胁，提出的“漂浮城市”设计方案，阐述了该设计的结构特点、环保优势，同时分析了其面临的挑战，并点明该设计体现的与自然和谐共生的城市建设理念。 【详解】28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Faced with two major threats: ongoing sea-level rise and predictions that 36.6 million people in Asian coastal cities could face annual flooding by 2070, Luca Curci Architects proposed the Floating City as a groundbreaking solution.(面对两大主要威胁：持续的海平面上升，以及到2070年亚洲沿海城市将有3660万人可能面临年度洪水的预测，Luca Curci建筑事务所提出了‘漂浮城市’这一开创性的解决方案。)”可知，潜在的灾害促使该事务所推出新设计。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据第一段“This design allows urban areas to adapt to rising waters, directly addressing these growing disasters.(该设计使城市区域能够适应不断上升的水位，直接应对这些日益严重的灾害。)”以及第二段“A key innovation is its safety system: during extreme weather, platforms can automatically separate and regroup using a system inspired by how groups of fish avoid predators.(其关键创新点在于安全系统：极端天气下，平台能借鉴鱼群躲避捕食者的方式自动分离并重新组合。)”可知，该设计兼具适应性与创新性。故选A。 30．细节理解题。根据第四段“Technologically, the constant exposure to seawater damages materials, with research indicating that up to 15% of a platform’s surface could require repair annually.(在技术层面，持续暴露在海水中会损坏材料，研究表明平台表面每年可能有高达15%的部分需要维修。)”可知，该项目的一大局限是结构因受海水侵蚀需定期维修。故选C。 31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Faced with two major threats: ongoing sea-level rise and predictions that 36.6 million people in Asian coastal cities could face annual flooding by 2070, Luca Curci Architects proposed the Floating City as a groundbreaking solution.(面对两大主要威胁：持续的海平面上升，以及到2070年亚洲沿海城市将有3660万人可能面临年度洪水的预测，Luca Curci建筑事务所提出了‘漂浮城市’这一开创性的解决方案。)”以及第五段“Unlike rigid sea walls that fight against nature, these dynamic structures are designed to harmonize with oceanic rhythms. ‘Cities must learn to dance with the waves,’ Curci concludes.(与对抗自然的刚性海堤不同，这些动态结构旨在与海洋节奏和谐共生。Curci总结道：‘城市必须学会与海浪共舞。’)”可知，文章核心是介绍随潮汐发展的漂浮城市设计。B“随潮而起：漂浮的城市。”符合主题，适合用作标题，故选B。 （本题10分）The earthquake in Russia’s Kamchatka Peninsula on July 30 may have been one of the strongest ever recorded, with a magnitude of 8.8. But thanks to advances in science and technology, governments had enough time to warn and evacuate people before the tsunami arrived. To understand how coastal communities are protected, you first need to know how tsunamis are formed. They are caused when the sea floor moves after an earthquake, landslide or volcanic eruption.This movement releases energy, which pushes a wave through the deep sea. Different from normal ocean waves caused by wind and storms, tsunami waves move through the whole depth of the water, not just the surface. The first early warning system for the Pacific Ocean was set up in 1948. Since then, warning accuracy and speed have improved greatly. One key step was in 1963, when a worldwide network of seismometers (测震仪) was built. This made it easier to find the location and strength of an earthquake. In 1978, this system was upgraded to a digital broadband global network of seismometers, which could give more detailed information more quickly. Scientists could now estimate the earthquake’s size,where the ground split, and how it moved in three dimensions. Today, 46 countries share data through the Pacific Ocean warning system. It uses both physical and statistical models to predict tsunami height. Satellites can now measure wave height directly from space using radar (雷达). Forecast methods have also improved and scientists have even started using AI programs to make predictions faster and more accurate. However, tsunami height predictions are never precise — the height can be higher or lower than expected in different places. Early warning systems also depend on fast communication with the public.This includes mobile phone alerts (警报). coordination (协调) between countries, clear safety advice,evacuation plans and regular tests of the alarm system. As a tsunami gets near the shore, it slows down to about the speed of a car, but it is still impossible to outrun it. The best choice is to act quickly and calmly. 32．(10分)How does the author present the topic? A．By quoting an expert. B．By giving a concept. C．By giving examples. D．By listing numbers. 33．What makes tsunami more destructive? A．The energy from disasters. B．The waves caused by storms. C．The movement of sea floor. D．The deep-sea water mass movement. 34．Which is true about the warning system? A．The key step was finished in 1948. B．Initial estimates can remain unchanged. C．The earthquake size can’t be known. D．AI program usage makes prediction more reliable. 35．What’s the author’s suggestion in the last paragraph? A．Timely reaction matters most. B．We need more evidence. C．Public awareness isn’t enough. D．Further study is impossible. 【答案】32．C 33．D 34．D 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海啸预警系统的发展及其对沿海社区的保护作用。 32．推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“The earthquake in Russia’s Kamchatka Peninsula on July 30 may have been one of the strongest ever recorded, with a magnitude of 8.8. But thanks to advances in science and technology, governments had enough time to warn and evacuate people before the tsunami arrived.(7月30日发生在俄罗斯堪察加半岛的地震，震级达8.8级，或许是有记录以来最强的地震之一。但得益于科技的进步，各国政府得以在海啸抵达前，争取到充足的时间去发布预警并疏散民众。)”可知，作者开篇以7月30日俄罗斯堪察加半岛发生的地震这一具体事件为例，引出海啸预警系统的相关话题。故选C。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“They are caused when the sea floor moves after an earthquake, landslide or volcanic eruption.This movement releases energy, which pushes a wave through the deep sea. Different from normal ocean waves caused by wind and storms, tsunami waves move through the whole depth of the water, not just the surface.(当地震、山体滑坡或火山喷发导致海底发生位移时，海啸便会产生。这种位移会释放出能量，推动海浪在深海中传播。与风或风暴引发的普通海浪不同，海啸波会贯穿整个水体深度，而非仅作用于水面。)”可知，海啸波及水体全深度的运动形式，是其破坏力更强的关键原因。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Forecast methods have also improved and scientists have even started using AI programs to make predictions faster and more accurate.(预测方法也得到了改进，科学家们甚至开始使用人工智能程序来使预测更快、更准确。)”可知，人工智能程序的使用使预测更加可靠。故选D。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“The best choice is to act quickly and calmly.(最好的选择是迅速而冷静地采取行动。)”可知，作者认为及时做出反应是应对海啸的关键。故选A。 （本题12.5分）Severe floods are becoming more and more common around the world. 36(12.5分) , but could the way that cities are growing be making things worse? Could we design cities in a different way to reduce the risk of flooding? As cities expand and more and more land is underneath concrete, less water is absorbed and more needs to be channelled away by storm drains and sewage (污水) systems. As they become overwhelmed by the volume of water, the risk of flash flooding increases. 37 ? Chinese landscape architect Yu Kongjian certainly thinks so. In 2013, he proposed the concept of ‘sponge (海绵) cities’, which are designed to absorb water like a sponge, reducing the risk of sudden floods. Natural solutions are encouraged, using riverside parks and ponds to absorb floodwater. 38 . Auckland, in New Zealand, was named the spongiest city in one study. It has replaced the concrete culverts (涵洞) around the Oakley creek stream with green banks and connected parks. This has reduced flooding in the nearby residential areas as well as the number of associated pollutants which used to be washed into the sea. What Auckland has taken is only a natural approach. 39 . In Amsterdam, the Netherlands’ capital city, people have fixed blue-green roofs on a number of buildings. These roofs have a layer of plants on the outside, and then layers underneath which collect and store rainwater. This water can be used by people in the building below to water plants or clean toilets. Advanced software can even tell the roofs to release water ahead of upcoming storms to maximize the system’s ability to absorb rainwater. 40 . A．A system like that does actually work B．The warming climate is leading to heavier rainfall C．Could it be that we’ve been taking the wrong approach D．But a much more high-tech method has already been applied E．Approaches inspired by this have been taken by cities across the world F．Is the natural approach sufficient when we’re faced with increased rainfall G．It can even identify the city’s risky areas and tailor the response accordingly 【答案】36．B 37．C 38．E 39．D 40．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球洪水频发背景下，通过城市设计新思路，如海绵城市概念及高科技方法，来降低洪水风险。 【详解】36．由上文“Severe floods are becoming more and more common around the world.(全球范围内，严重洪水越来越常见。)”可知，本空应解释洪水频发的原因。B选项“The warming climate is leading to heavier rainfall(气候变暖导致降雨量增加)”解释了洪水频发的一个原因能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。 37．由下文“Chinese landscape architect Yu Kongjian certainly thinks so. In 2013, he proposed the concept of ‘sponge (海绵) cities’, which are designed to absorb water-like a sponge-reducing the risk of sudden floods.(中国景观建筑师俞孔坚对此深信不疑。2013年，他提出了“海绵城市”的概念，旨在像海绵一样吸收水分，降低突发洪水的风险。)”可知，本空应询问是否有可能因为某种错误的方法或观念导致洪水问题加剧。C选项“Could it be that we’ve been taking the wrong approach(会不会是我们一直采取的方法是错误的)”引出了下文对城市设计新思路的讨论，符合题意且为一般疑问句。故选C。 38．由上文“Natural solutions are encouraged, using riverside parks and ponds to absorb floodwater. (鼓励采用自然解决方案，利用河边公园和池塘来吸收洪水。)”及下文“Auckland, in New Zealand, was named the spongiest city in one study.(在新西兰的一项研究中，奥克兰被评为最“海绵”的城市。)”可知，本空应强调这种自然解决方案在更大范围内的应用。E选项“Approaches inspired by this have been taken by cities across the world(受此启发，全球各地的城市都采取了类似的措施)”概括了全球城市对海绵城市概念的实践，符合题意。故选E。 39．由上文“What Auckland has taken is only a natural approach. (奥克兰所采取的只是一种自然方法。)”及下文“In Amsterdam, the Netherlands’ capital city, people have fixed blue-green roofs on a number of buildings. (在荷兰首都阿姆斯特丹，人们在许多建筑物上安装了蓝绿色屋顶。)”可知，本空应转折强调存在一种更高科技的方法已被应用。D选项“But a much more high-tech method has already been applied(但是一种更高级的高科技方法已经被应用)”能承接上文，并引出了下文对阿姆斯特丹高科技方法的介绍，符合题意。故选D。 40．由上文“Advanced software can even tell the roofs to release water ahead of upcoming storms to maximize the system’s ability to absorb rainwater.(先进的软件甚至可以告诉屋顶在即将到来的暴风雨前释放水分，以最大化系统吸收雨水的能力。)”可知，本空需进一步补充该高科技系统的功能，体现其先进性。G选项“It can even identify the city’s risky areas and tailor the response accordingly.(它甚至可以识别城市的危险区域，并相应地调整应对措施。)中的“it”指代前文的“advanced software”，延续了对系统功能的介绍，符合题意。故选G。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）Pa Jit, a restaurant in Thailand, was crowded with customers coming for a unique experience: enjoying a meal in flood waters while 41 fish brought in by a recent flood. “When a nearby river broke its banks 11 days ago, my heart 42 ,” said owner Pornkamol Prangprempree. “Then a(n) 43 idea occurred to me.” At first, Pornkamol was 44 that there would be no customer. But then a customer posted online a picture showing that there were a lot of 45 swimming in the water in the flooded restaurant. Since then, many people have come here to 46 . Bella Windy, a 29-year-old who lives in the same area, was there with her husband and 47 . She said when she saw the post, she couldn’t 48 . “I think in Thailand, there’s only this place where you can feed fish like this. It is the nature experience here that 49 me. Best of all, when my boy sees the fish, he is 50 and becomes less picky!” Bella laughed. Pornkamol said floods have 51 her business, with her profits 52 from around $309 to around $618 per day. “Though the 53 has brought an unexpected profit to Pa Jit, it has 54 many other areas of Thailand,” Prangprempree said 55 . “And many people died.” 41．(15分)A．purchasing B．feeding C．painting D．cooking 42．A．attacked B．warmed C．sank D．flew 43．A．unusual B．stupid C．old D．confusing 44．A．shocked B．assured C．warned D．worried 45．A．kids B．sheep C．fish D．customers 46．A．perform B．eat C．donate D．work 47．A．son B．mother C．coach D．friend 48．A．accept B．resist C．control D．protest 49．A．appeals to B．focuses on C．responds to D．relies on 50．A．threatened B．relieved C．overjoyed D．cured 51．A．hurt B．delayed C．missed D．boosted 52．A．doubling B．declining C．ranging D．referring 53．A．celebration B．flood C．game D．family 54．A．helped B．included C．affected D．explored 55．A．politely B．carefully C．gratefully D．sadly 【答案】 41．B 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．C 46．B 47．A 48．B 49．A 50．C 51．D 52．A 53．B 54．C 55．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了泰国一家餐厅在被洪水淹没后，老板灵机一动，把“在水里喂鱼吃饭”变成特色体验，意外带火生意，但她也为洪水给其他地区带来的灾难感到难过。 【详解】41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pa Jit是泰国的一家餐厅，最近挤满了来这里寻求独特体验的顾客：在洪水中用餐，同时喂着最近一场洪水带来的鱼。 A. purchasing购买；B. feeding喂食；C. painting绘画；D. cooking烹饪。根据下文“I think in Thailand, there’s only this place where you can feed fish like this”可知，应是指喂食洪水带来的鱼。故选B。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“11天前，附近的一条河决堤时，我的心一下子沉了下去，”老板Pornkamol Prangprempree说，“然后我想到了一个不寻常的主意。” A. attacked攻击；B. warmed变暖；C. sank下沉；D. flew飞。根据上文“When a nearby river broke its banks 11 days ago”可知，附近的一条河决堤了，所以店主的心沉了下来。故选C。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“11天前，附近的一条河决堤时，我的心一下子沉了下去，”老板Pornkamol Prangprempree说，“然后我想到了一个不寻常的主意。”A. unusual不寻常的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. old老的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“for a unique experience”可知，Pornkamol想到了一个不寻常的主意。故选A。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，Pornkamol担心不会有顾客来。A. shocked震惊；B. assured使确信；C. warned警告；D. worried担心。根据下文“that there would be no customer”可知，Pornkamol担心不会有顾客。故选D。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但后来有一位顾客在网上发了一张照片，照片显示，被洪水淹没的餐厅里，水里有很多鱼在游。A. kids孩子；B. sheep绵羊；C. fish鱼；D. customers顾客。根据上文“fish brought in by a recent flood”可知，此处是信息词fish的词汇复现。故选C。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，许多人来到这里吃饭。A. perform表演；B. eat吃饭；C. donate捐赠；D. work工作。根据上文“Pa Jit, a restaurant in Thailand, was crowded with customers coming for a unique experience: enjoying a meal in flood waters”可知，许多人来到这个餐厅吃饭。故选B。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bella Windy是一名29岁的当地居民，她和丈夫以及儿子一起来到这里。A. son儿子；B. mother母亲；C. coach教练；D. friend朋友。根据下文“when my boy see the fish”可知，Bella Windy和丈夫以及儿子一起去了那里。故选A。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，当她看到这个帖子时，她无法抗拒。A. accept接受；B. resist抵抗；C. control控制；D. protest抗议。根据上文“many people came here”可知，许多人来到这里吃饭，所以当Bella看到这个帖子时，她无法抗拒。故选B。 49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：正是这里的自然体验吸引了我。A. appeals to吸引；B. focuses on集中于；C. responds to回应；D. relies on依靠。根据上文“many people came here”可知，许多人来到这里吃饭，所以是这里的自然体验吸引了Bella。故选A。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，当我的儿子看到鱼时，他非常高兴，也变得不那么挑食了！A. threatened受到威胁的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. overjoyed非常高兴的；D. cured治愈的。根据下文“becomes less picky”可知，孩子变得不那么挑食了，所以看到鱼时非常高兴。故选C。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pornkamol说，洪水反而推动了她的生意，她的日利润从大约309美元增加到大约618美元。 A. hurt伤害；B. delayed延迟；C. missed错过；D. boosted促进。根据下文“her profits ________ from around $309 to around $618 per day.”可知，洪水促进了她的生意。故选D。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. doubling翻倍；B. declining下降；C. ranging变化；D. referring参考。根据下文“from around $309 to around $618 per day.”可知，日利润翻倍。故选A。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“虽然这场洪水给Pa Jit带来了意想不到的利润，但它也影响了泰国的许多其他地区，”Prangprempree悲伤地说，“而且很多人失去了生命。” A. celebration庆祝；B. flood洪水；C. game游戏；D. family家庭。根据上文“Pornkamol said floods have ________ her business”可知，洪水给Pa Jit带来了意外的利润。故选B。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. helped帮助；B. included包括；C. affected影响；D. explored探索。根据下文“many other areas of Thailand”以及“And many people died”可知，洪水影响了泰国的许多其他地区。故选C。 55．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. politely礼貌地；B. carefully仔细地；C. gratefully感激地；D. sadly悲伤地。根据下文“And many people died”可知，洪水导致许多人死亡，所以Prangprempree悲伤地说。故选D。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Earthquake Warning California is the country’s first publicly available, statewide warning system 56(15分) could give people 57 (value) seconds to take cover before they feel any shaking. 58 (manage) by the Governor’s Office of Emergency Services, Earthquake Warning California detects (发现) earthquakes before humans can feel 59 (they) and can tell Californians to “Drop, Cover and Hold On” in advance 60 an earthquake. 61 (receive) earthquake warnings, people should download the MyShake App and should make sure their phones can receive emergency alerts (警报), including:    MyShake App: A free smartphone app that 62 (provide) iPhone and Android users with warnings. Available in the Apple App and Google Play stores; Android Earthquake Alerts System: A free service that detects earthquakes and can alert Android users before any shaking starts, which uses 63 same technology as the MyShake App; Wireless Emergency Alerts: No-cost text messages for emergency situations. If you live in or travel to areas that could 64 (strike) by an earthquake, 65 (prepare) is very important, as these events can happen suddenly, at any time, with little warning. 【答案】 56．that 57．valuable 58．Managed 59．them 60．of 61．To receive 62．provides 63．the 64．be struck/be stricken 65．preparation 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍美国加州地震预警系统的功能、运作方式及民众接收预警的相关方法。 56．考查定语从句。句意：加州地震预警系统是美国首个面向公众的全州性预警系统，能在人们感受到震动前提供宝贵的几秒避险时间。此处关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为system，被序数词first修饰，在从句中作主语，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 57．考查形容词。句意：加州地震预警系统是美国首个面向公众的全州性预警系统，能在人们感受到震动前提供宝贵的几秒避险时间。此处修饰名词seconds，用value的形容词形式valuable，意为“宝贵的”。故填valuable。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：该系统由州长应急服务办公室负责管理，能在人类感知到地震之前监测到地震，并提前告知加州民众在地震发生时“蹲下、掩护、抓牢”。此处为非谓语动词作状语，Earthquake Warning California与manage为被动关系，用过去分词managed，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Managed。 59．考查代词。句意：该系统由州长应急服务办公室负责管理，能在人类感知到地震之前监测到地震，并提前告知加州民众在地震发生时“蹲下、掩护、抓牢”。此处作动词feel的宾语，用they的宾格形式them，指代earthquakes。故填them。 60．考查介词。句意：该系统由州长应急服务办公室负责管理，能在人类感知到地震之前监测到地震，并提前告知加州民众在地震发生时“蹲下、掩护、抓牢”。此处为固定搭配in advance of，意为“在……之前”，用介词of。故填of。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了接收地震预警，人们应该下载“我的震动”应用程序，并确保手机能够接收紧急警报，包括以下内容。此处为非谓语动词作目的状语，用动词不定式to receive，句首首字母大写。故填To receive。 62．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：“我的震动”应用程序：一款免费智能手机应用，为苹果和安卓用户提供预警服务。此处为定语从句的谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时，先行词a free smartphone app为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用provides。故填provides。 63．考查冠词。句意：安卓地震预警系统：一项免费服务，采用与“我的震动”应用相同的技术，能在震动开始前向安卓用户发出警报。此处为固定搭配the same...as...，意为“与……相同的”，用定冠词the。故填the。 64．考查动词时态和语态。句意：如果你生活在或前往可能发生地震的地区，做好准备至关重要，因为这类灾害可能会毫无征兆地突然发生。此处为谓语动词，areas与strike为被动关系，且位于情态动词could之后，用被动语态be struck / be stricken。故填be struck / be stricken。 65．考查名词。句意：如果你生活在或前往可能发生地震的地区，做好准备至关重要，因为这类灾害可能会毫无征兆地突然发生。此处作句子的主语，用prepare的名词形式preparation，意为“准备工作”，为不可数名词。故填preparation。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter得知你所在的城市在上周遭遇了一场暴雨（rainstorm），非常担心，来信询问你的情况。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 暴雨发生时你的处境； 2. 暴雨影响及灾后救援； 3. 表达感谢。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Peter, Thank you so much for your concern — it really warmed my heart. When the rainstorm hit our city last week, I was at home doing my homework. Suddenly, the power went out and the rain beat heavily against the windows. The rainstorm caused great trouble. Many roads were flooded, so traffic was completely cut off. Some houses near the river were damaged. Luckily, the government acted quickly. Rescue teams came to help people move to safe places, and volunteers provided food and water. I truly appreciate you reaching out. Your care means a lot to me. I’ll keep you updated if there’s anything new. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Peter写一封回信，告知其上周暴雨时自己的处境、暴雨影响及灾后救援情况并表达感谢。 【详解】1.词汇积累 温暖，使感动：warm → touch 引起：cause → bring about 突然地：suddenly → all in a sudden 损坏：damage → destroy 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Thank you so much for your concern — it really warmed my heart. 拓展句：Thank you so much for your concern, which really warmed my heart. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When the rainstorm hit our city last week, I was at home doing my homework.（运用了When引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】I’ll keep you updated if there’s anything new.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语，续写两段使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Another wildly bright lightning along with a thunder cracked in the sky! Mary swiftly threw herself into her Mum’s arms, burying her face into her chest and trembling with fright. “I think we should leave here right away!” She murmured in a crying tone. Instantly, Dad refused her request again for the fact that the city had already been flooded severely. As he saw through their window, the almost three-meter-high floodwater had already surrounded the apartment building like a wide river, several cars floating on it just like boats. “Black out!” Mary gasped fearfully, the wind roaring and the rain beating on the roof and windows, which made her even more nervous in the whole darkness. Mum took Mary’s hand and carefully led her to sit on the sofa, trying her best to comfort her. While she performed calmly, Mary could tell she was nervous too. “Let’s try to find a light source first and then see what other supplies we have.” Dad made an arrangement. Luckily, there was a flashlight, some packages of instant noodles, bread and some drinking water, which may help them get through the toughness for the half of the night. Without saying a single word, Dad turned on the flashlight, sat down and hugged his wife and daughter. The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening outside. Only the light of the flashlight could now give them some warmth and a sense of little hope. “What about Mrs. Thomson? Old and weak, she must be extremely helpless.” Mum said with great concern when she thought about their nice neighbor who lived alone upstairs of the same building. After a brief discussion, Mum and Dad decided they should go and check whether Mrs. Thomson was fine. Mary, with heavy breath and pounding heart, stood up immediately, ready to bring all their supplies to Mrs. Thomson’s house.注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 In the darkness, they supported each other and went upstairs step by step with the light of the flashlight. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, a bunch of searching light from a rescue boat flashed across Mrs. Thomson’s window. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】    In the darkness, they supported each other and went upstairs step by step with the light of the flashlight. The water had already seeped into the stairwell, making each step slippery and dangerous. Mary clung tightly to her parents’hands, her heart pounding with a mix of fear and determination. When they finally reached Mrs. Thomson’s door, Dad knocked gently but firmly. After what felt like an eternity, the door creaked open, revealing Mrs. Thomson’s frightened face. “Thank goodness you’re here!” she whispered, her voice trembling. They quickly helped her gather her essential belongings and led her back downstairs to their apartment, where they all huddled together, finding comfort in each other's presence.   Suddenly, a bunch of searching light from a rescue boat flashed across Mrs. Thomson’s window. “Look!” Mary exclaimed, pointing excitedly. Dad grabbed the flashlight and waved it back and forth, signaling for help. Within minutes, they heard the sound of voices and the gentle lapping of the boat against the building. The rescue team arrived just in time, helping them all into the boat and to safety. As they sailed away from the flooded apartment, Mary looked back, feeling grateful for the bravery and love that had kept them together through the storm. 【导语】本文以一场突如其来的洪水为背景展开。在洪水肆虐、城市被淹的危急时刻，Mary一家在停电的黑暗中，不仅关心自身的安危，还牵挂着独居楼上、年老体弱的邻居Mrs. Thomson。在决定去查看并帮助她的过程中，他们展现了在灾难面前的互助与关爱。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“在黑暗中，他们互相扶持，借着手电筒的光一步一步地上楼。”可知，第一段可以描写他们上楼找到Mrs. Thomson并带她一起下楼的过程。 ②由第二段句首内容“突然，一束来自救援船的探照灯扫过Mrs. Thomson的窗户。”可知，第二段可以描写他们获救的过程以及获救后的感受。 2.续写线索：上楼找Mrs. Thomson——带她一起下楼——探照灯扫过窗户——呼救——获救——感激 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①抓紧：cling tightly to/grasp firmly ②跳动：pound/beat ③显露；出现：reveal/appear ④颤抖：temble/shake 情绪类 ①害怕的：frightened/scared ②感激的：grateful/appreciative 【点睛】【高分句型1】The water had already seeped into the stairwell, making each step slippery and dangerous.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】As they sailed away from the flooded apartment, Mary looked back, feeling grateful for the bravery and love that had kept them together through the storm.（运用了As引导的时间状语从句、分词作状语以及that引导的定语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $