2025-2026学年人教版高中英语必修一Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元基础练习

**基本信息** 本试卷为高中英语M1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters单元基础版，聚焦自然灾害主题，通过词形变化、语法应用等题型系统巩固单元核心知识，适配单元复习，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词形变化|23题|die, affect等单元核心词汇的名词、形容词等派生|系统强化词汇形态转换能力| |词汇应用|23题|flood, destroy等词在灾害情境中的词形与搭配|结合真实情境考查语言运用| |单句语法填空|26题|定语从句、非谓语等语法点|梯度设计，从基础到综合应用| |翻译句子|10题|含定语从句的灾害描述句|提升语法应用与逻辑表达| |写作|1题|地震生存指南|融合话题词块，培养综合语言输出能力|

M1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元基础版（教师版） 1、 词形变化 1．die vi.死；死亡→death n．死；死亡→dead adj.死去的→deadly adj.致命的→dying adj.垂死的；渴望的 2．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→affection n. 感情；喜爱 3．effect n．影响；结果；效果→ effective adj.有效的→ineffective adj.无效性的→effectively adv.有效地 4．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→ shocking adj.令人震惊的→ shocked adj.感到震惊的 5．electricity n．电；电能→ electric adj. 用电的；电动的→ electrical adj.与电有关的 6．breath n．呼吸→ breathe vi.&vt.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 7．wisdom n. 智慧；才智→ wise adj. 充满智慧的；明智的；英明的→wisely adv.明智地 8．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦等)受苦→suffering n．折磨；苦难→sufferer n.受苦者 9．survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存→ survivor n．幸存者 10．power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→ powerful adj.有权势的；强有力的→ powerless adj.无权的；无能力的 11．deliver v.递送; 发表;接生→ delivery n.递送（的物品）; 分娩，生产 ；演讲方式 12．long adj.长的→ length n．长；长度→ lengthen v. (使)变长 13.summary n. 总结； 摘要；概要 → summarize/summarise v. 总结；概括；概述 14.strike v.击打;(时钟等)敲响; 突然袭击;突然想到→ striking adj. 引人注目的 15.destroy v. 毁坏；摧毁；杀死→ destruction n. [U] 毁坏；毁灭→destructive adj.毁坏性的 16.disaster n. 灾难；不幸；彻底失败的人/事→disastrous adj.灾难性的；完全失败的 17.emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况→ emergent adj. 紧急的; 浮现的; 突然出现的; 18.calm /kɑ:m/ adj. 镇静的;(水面)平静的；无风的; vt. 使平静；使镇静→calmness n.平静，冷静，镇静; 19.effort n.努力；艰难的尝试→effortless adj.不需费力的 20.erupt v.爆发；喷出→eruption n.爆发 21.rescue n.&营救；救援→rescuer n.救援者 22.flood n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没→flooded adj.洪水泛滥的→flooding n.水灾；洪水泛滥 23.revive vt&vi 复活；（使）苏醒→revival n.振兴；复苏 二、词汇应用（根据首字母，中文意思或正确的单词形式填空） 1.Things such as floods or earthquakes are natural disasters.（灾害） 2.Individual e-mail boxes are sometimes flooded (flood) with spam e-mails. 3.The nutria are destroying (destroy) vast wetlands every year. 4.I am dying (die) for a cup of water after standing in the sun for a long time. 5. They want to shelter (庇护) their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined. 6.She created a website page, matching survivors (survive) in need with donors who wanted to help. 7. It's no use tapping (tap) on the door; we can't hear you in the back room. 8.A further 13 percent of Australians have kept a landline phone in case of emergency (emergent) . 9.They appealed for more money to aid (aid) the homeless. 10.The clock struck (strike) eight just now. 11.We won't charge you for delivery (deliver). 12.Be calm! So one can think straight in emergent (emergency) situation. 13.Then without warning, she erupted (erupt)into laughter. 14.The fans were shocked at the shocking news that their favourite star was taken away by the police right after the concert. The news also shocked the other citizens. (shock) 15.-Do you know the length of the rope? -It's two meters long. I think we still need to lengthen it,at least one more meter.(long) 16. So many citizens were seriously affected by the earthquake. The government has taken some effective ways to help them and the effects have come out. (affect) 17. The teenager died in a traffic accident. His death shocked his mother. Upon seeing her son lying dead on the road,she lost control. (die) 18. When you have to speak in public,take a deep breath before speaking,you'll find you can breathe more naturally.(breath) 19. Our neighbor is a wise man. His wisdom made him survive the earthquake. (wisdom) 20. Only a small percent of the citizens survived the earthquake. These survivors said they couldn't have made the survival without the soldiers’ timely rescue. (survive) 21.Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which have powerful effects (effect) on our minds and feelings. 22.Buried (bury) in his book, the master didn’t notice me I slid (slide) into the room. 23.Sometimes a smile can make a real difference to people suffering (suffer) disaster in the affected (affect)area. 三、根据语境，选择框中单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。 A.affected B.deliver C.shelter D.crash E.struck F.whistle G.revived H.context 1.Many are sleeping in the open because they have no housing. C shelter___ 2.I’m so honored to be invited here to give a speech concerning “Youth”. B deliver___ 3.It suddenly hit me that I forgot to hand in my homework ,which made me very anxious. E struck__ 4.What moved people most was that the victims who suffered the terrible earthquake could get enough emergency supplies . A 5. Curiously, I made a sound by forcing my breath out between my lips, and the birds responded immediately. F 6. With economy worsening, many crimes came back to life in this country. G revived 7. In order to know what the word exactly mean, I read the sentences before and after it in detail. H context 8. Luckily, no one got hurt in this accident where a bus hit a pick-up. D crash 4、 选词填空（根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语的正确形式完成句子,必要时用正确的形式，其中有两项为多余） be trapped in; in shock; sweep away; in ruins; come to an end effect; survive; breathe; supply ; flood; wisdom; power 1.China now becomes one of the most powerful countries around the world. 2.We all think it wise of him to make a right choice when he is faced with challenges. 3.Ted announced his decision to take part in the sports with his illness, leaving us in shock. 4.Because of the greenhouse effect, the Earth is warmed by gases which are trapped in the atmosphere. 5.Sometimes individual e-mail boxes are flooded with a large number of spam e-mails. 6.Volunteers helped to build shelters for survivors who had lost their homes. 7.Only if you take effective measures, can you solve the problem sooner. 8.The UN has agreed to allow the supply of emergency aid. 9.The city lay in ruins after the earthquake. Now, rows of houses are being built. 10.They had already reached an agreement before the meeting came to an end. 五、单句语法填空(填入恰当的单词或应用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.It is a life and death (die) decision for him, so he must think twice. 2.The doctor is not sure what side effects the medicine will have on/upon the patients. 3.After the heavy flood two months ago, the whole village was left in ruins(ruin). 4.The number of visitors is rising year by year and a large number of parking lots are needed (need). 5.It struck me that they may be trapped (trap) in the heavy traffic if they drove. 6.Alan looked at him and said calmly (calm), “I don't believe you." 7. Ever since he moved there, he has been buried(bury) in his research work. 8.The scientist spent years alone in the forest, surviving (survive) only by eating wild fruits. 9.A lot of houses were destroyed (destroy) by the flood and many people became homeless. 10.With the government's support, those affected (affect) by the earthquake have recovered from what had happened. 11.Today the number of people learning first aid is increasing (increase) rapidly. 12.Rescue workers are rescuing the injured (injure) in the earthquake. 13.The volunteers will get all these supplies delivered (deliver) to the disaster areas. 14.I was taking (take) shelter from the rain when something unusual caught my attention. 15.The villagers had evacuated/had been evacuated (evacuate) from the village before it was flooded. 16.A new stadium has been built up, becoming (become) the most beautiful building in our school. 17.I was walking my dog along the street when suddenly a woman called for “help”. 18.Too much drinking will do damage to health; you should take the doctor's advice. 19.The writer and his works that you told me are really famous. 20.I often recall the happy days that/which we spent together during our summer holiday. 21.He was so pleased with all that we had done for him that he wrote us a letter to praise us. 22.We chose to buy the house whose window faces south. 23.I’d like to express my appreciation for the people to whom I have turned. 24.It is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. 25.Beijing is a city that/which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life. 26.Beijing is a city where you can admire ancient architecture and great places of interest. 六、翻译句子 1.仿佛世界末日即将来临。It seems as if the world were coming to an end. 2.在不到一分钟的时间，一座大城市沦为废墟。 In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. 3.居住在那里的三分之二的人遇难或受伤。（定语从句） Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. 4.数以千计的孩子失去了父母。Thousands of children were left without parents. 5.在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过40万。（定语从句） The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 6.幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。 Everywhere survivors looked , there was nothing but ruins.（定语从句） 7.工人们为家园被毁的幸存者盖起了庇护所。 Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.（定语从句） 8.Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. 唐山重新站起来并获得新生。 9.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. 唐山向中国以及全世界证明，在灾难发生之际，人们必须团结一致，展现智慧，保持积极乐观的心态，重建一个更为璀璨的未来。 10.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，突然水开始灌入屋内。 七、短文语法填空 A篇 The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed __________ coastlines across Asia yesterday, __________ (kill) more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars __________ (sweep) away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake __________ reached a magnitude of 9.0. The undersea quake __________ (strike) around 7:00 a.m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed into, killing, were swept, that/which, struck, B篇 The earthquake struck suddenly, _______(leave) many people trapped under the rubble._______ (rescue) arrived swiftly. They worked tirelessly to free the________ (trap). Shelters were built to protect the survivors from further harm. Their _______(strike) determination and professional skills greatly increased the chances of _________(survive) for those in distress, giving hope to the desperate and their families. leaving, Rescuers, trapped, striking, survival 八、写作 假如你校英文网站请你写一篇如果发生地震应该如何生存的博文，请你按要求写一篇短文发表在网站上。 话题词块: 1. 保持冷静 keep/stay calm 2. 震惊地 in shock 3.躲在书桌下shelter yourself under a desk 4.节省精力 save energy 5.困在废墟中 be trapped in ruins 6.努力保持清醒 make efforts to keep awake 7.等待救援 wait for rescue 8.敲东西发出求救信号 tap things to send signals for help 9.鼓励自己坚持下去 encourage yourself to hold on If an earthquake strikes, what can we do to survive? To begin with, keep/stay calm. When the earthquake strikes, you shouldn't run downstairs in shock, but shelter yourself under a desk or table, for the damaged stairs can fall down easily. Apart from this, try to save energy. If trapped in ruins. don't cry for help all the time. Instead, you are supposed to encourage yourself to hold on and make sure you keep awake. Besides,make efforts/do everything in your power to save yourself actively when waiting for rescue. Finally, it is helpful to tap things to send signals for help. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ M1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元基础版（学生版） 1、 词形变化 1．die vi.死；死亡→______n．死；死亡→_____adj.死去的→______adj.致命的→______adj.垂死的；渴望的 2．______ vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→______n. 感情；喜爱 3．_____ n．影响；结果；效果→_____adj.有效的→_______ adj.无效性的→________ adv.有效地 4．_____ n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→ _______adj.令人震惊的→ _______ adj.感到震惊的 5．________ n．电；电能→________adj. 用电的；电动的→_________adj.与电有关的 6．_______ n．呼吸→ _________vi.&vt.呼吸→_________ adj.气喘吁吁的 7．________ n. 智慧；才智→______adj. 充满智慧的；明智的；英明的→_______ adv.明智地 8．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦等)受苦→_______n．折磨；苦难→_______n.受苦者 9．______ vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→_______ n．幸存→ ________n．幸存者 10．power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→ _______ adj.有权势的；强有力的→ ________adj.无权的；无能力的 11．______ v.递送; 发表;接生→ ________ n.递送（的物品）; 分娩，生产 ；演讲方式 12．long adj.长的→_______n．长；长度→ ________ v. (使)变长 13._______ n. 总结； 摘要；概要 → ________/__________ v. 总结；概括；概述 14.________ v.击打;(时钟等)敲响; 突然袭击;突然想到→ __________ adj. 引人注目的 15.________ v. 毁坏；摧毁；杀死→ destruction n. [U] 毁坏；毁灭→destructive adj.毁坏性的 16._________ n. 灾难；不幸；彻底失败的人/事→disastrous adj.灾难性的；完全失败的 17.________ n. 突发事件；紧急情况→ ___________ adj. 紧急的; 浮现的; 突然出现的; 18.calm /kɑ:m/ adj. 镇静的;(水面)平静的；无风的; vt. 使平静；使镇静→_______n.平静，冷静，镇静; 19.________n.努力；艰难的尝试→_________adj.不需费力的 20.________ v.爆发；喷出→_________n.爆发 21._______n.&营救；救援→________ n.救援者 22._______ n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没→_______adj.洪水泛滥的→______n.水灾；洪水泛滥 23._______ vt&vi 复活；（使）苏醒→________ n.振兴；复苏 二、词汇应用（根据首字母，中文意思或正确的单词形式填空） 1.Things such as floods or earthquakes are natural _________.（灾害） 2.Individual e-mail boxes are sometimes________(flood) with spam e-mails. 3.The nutria are_________ (destroy) vast wetlands every year. 4.I am _______ (die) for a cup of water after standing in the sun for a long time. 5. They want________ (庇护) their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined. 6.She created a website page, matching __________ (survive) in need with donors who wanted to help. 7. It's no use_______(tap) on the door; we can't hear you in the back room. 8.A further 13 percent of Australians have kept a landline phone in case of_________ (emergent) . 9.They appealed for more money_________ (aid) the homeless. 10.The clock ________ (strike) eight just now. 11.We won't charge you for ___________ (deliver). 12.Be calm! So one can think straight in _________ (emergency) situation. 13.Then without warning, she ___________ (erupt)into laughter. 14.The fans____________ at the _________ news that their favourite star was taken away by the police right after the concert. The news also________ the other citizens. (shock) 15.-Do you know the ________ of the rope? -It's two meters ________. I think we still need to__________it,at least one more meter.(long) 16. So many citizens were seriously _________(affect) by the earthquake. The government has taken some _________ ways to help them and the_________ have come out. (effect) 17. The teenager_______in a traffic accident. His _______ shocked his mother. Upon seeing her son lying ______ on the road,she lost control. (die) 18. When you have to speak in public,take a deep ______ before speaking,you'll find you can ______ more naturally.(breath) 19. Our neighbor is a ______ man. His ________ made him survive the earthquake. (wisdom) 20. Only a small percent of the citizens _______ the earthquake. These ________said they couldn't have made the __________ without the soldiers’ timely rescue. (survive) 21.Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which have powerful __________ (effect) on our minds and feelings. 22.___________ (bury) in his book, the master didn’t notice me I ________(slide) into the room. 23.Sometimes a smile can make a real difference to people _________(suffer) disaster in the _______ (affect)area. 三、根据语境，选择框中单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。 A.affected B.deliver C.shelter D.crash E.struck F.whistle G.revived H.context 1.Many are sleeping in the open because they have no housing. ________ 2.I’m so honored to be invited here to give a speech concerning “Youth”. _________ 3.It suddenly hit me that I forgot to hand in my homework ,which made me very anxious. _________ 4.What moved people most was that the victims who suffered the terrible earthquake could get enough emergency supplies . ________ 5. Curiously, I made a sound by forcing my breath out between my lips, and the birds responded immediately. _____ 6. With economy worsening, many crimes came back to life in this country. _______ 7. In order to know what the word exactly mean, I read the sentences before and after it in detail._____ 8. Luckily, no one got hurt in this accident where a bus hit a pick-up. _______ 4、 选词填空（根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语的正确形式完成句子,必要时用正确的形式，其中有两项为多余） be trapped in; in shock; sweep away; in ruins; come to an end effect; survive; breathe; supply ; flood; wisdom; power 1.China now becomes one of the most _________ countries around the world. 2.We all think it _______ of him to make a right choice when he is faced with challenges. 3.Ted announced his decision to take part in the sports with his illness, leaving us _______. 4.Because of the greenhouse effect, the Earth is warmed by gases which __________ the atmosphere. 5.Sometimes individual e-mail boxes __________ with a large number of spam e-mails. 6.Volunteers helped to build shelters for _________who had lost their homes. 7.Only if you take__________measures, can you solve the problem sooner. 8.The UN has agreed to allow the ________of emergency aid. 9.The city lay_______after the earthquake. Now, rows of houses are being built. 10.They had already reached an agreement before the meeting__________. 五、单句语法填空(填入恰当的单词或应用所给词的适当形式填空） 1.It is a life and_______(die) decision for him, so he must think twice. 2.The doctor is not sure what side effects the medicine will have________ the patients. 3.After the heavy flood two months ago, the whole village was left in _______(ruin). 4.The number of visitors _______(be) rising year by year and a large number of parking lots _______ (need). 5.______struck me that they may ________ (trap) in the heavy traffic if they drove. 6.Alan looked at him and said_________(calm), “I don't believe you." 7. Ever since he moved there, he __________(bury) in his research work. 8.The scientist spent years alone in the forest,__________ (survive) only by eating wild fruits. 9.A lot of houses ___________ (destroy) by the flood and many people became homeless. 10.With the government's support, those ______(affect) by the earthquake have recovered from what had happened. 11.Today the number of people learning first aid _____________ (increase) rapidly. 12.Rescue workers are rescuing the_______ (injure) in the earthquake. 13.The volunteers will get all these supplies _________ (deliver) to the disaster areas. 14.I__________(take) shelter from the rain when something unusual caught my attention. 15.The villagers___________________ (evacuate) from the village before it was flooded. 16.A new stadium has been built up, __________ (become) the most beautiful building in our school. 17.I was walking my dog along the street ________suddenly a woman called for “help”. 18.Too much drinking will do damage_______health; you should take the doctor's advice. 19.The writer and his works ______you told me are really famous. 20.I often recall the happy days_________ we spent together during our summer holiday. 21.He was so pleased with all ______we had done for him that he wrote us a letter to praise us. 22.We chose to buy the house_______window faces south. 23.I’d like to express my appreciation for the people to _______I have turned. 24.It is the most complete city wall ______has survived China’s long history. 25.Beijing is a city_________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life. 26.Beijing is a city________you can admire ancient architecture and great places of interest. 六、翻译句子 1.仿佛世界末日即将来临。____________________________________________________________________ . 2.在不到一分钟的时间，一座大城市沦为废墟。___________________________________________________. 3.居住在那里的三分之二的人遇难或受伤。（定语从句） ______________________________________________________________. 4.数以千计的孩子失去了父母。________________________________________________________. 5.在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过40万。（定语从句） _____________________________________________________________________. 6.幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。 _____________________________________________________.（定语从句） 7.工人们为家园被毁的幸存者盖起了庇护所。 __________________________________________________________________.（定语从句） 8.Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. __________________________________________ 9.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。 10.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. ___________________________________________________________。 七、短文语法填空 A篇 The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed __________ coastlines across Asia yesterday, __________ (kill) more than 6,500 people in Indonesia, India, Thailand, Malaysia, and at least four other countries. Fishermen, tourists, hotels, homes, and cars __________ (sweep) away by huge waves caused by the strong earthquake __________ reached a magnitude of 9.0. The undersea quake __________ (strike) around 7:00 a.m., Sunday off the west coast of Indonesia’s Sumatra Island. In that area alone, at least 1,870 people were killed B篇 The earthquake struck suddenly, _______(leave) many people trapped under the rubble._______ (rescue) arrived swiftly. They worked tirelessly to free the________ (trap). Shelters were built to protect the survivors from further harm. Their _______(strike) determination and professional skills greatly increased the chances of _________(survive) for those in distress, giving hope to the desperate and their families. 八、写作 假如你校英文网站请你写一篇如果发生地震应该如何生存的博文，请你按要求写一篇短文发表在网站上。 话题词块: 1. 保持冷静 keep/stay calm 2. 震惊地 in shock 3.躲在书桌下shelter yourself under a desk 4.节省精力 save energy 5.困在废墟中 be trapped in ruins 6.努力保持清醒 make efforts to keep awake 7.等待救援 wait for rescue 8.敲东西发出求救信号 tap things to send signals for help 9.鼓励自己坚持下去 encourage yourself to hold on If an earthquake strikes, what can we do to survive? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $