高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 4 Natural Disasters（较易版02）

高中英语单元测试——Unit 4 Natural Disasters（较易版02） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）When did the fire happen? A．Thirty minutes ago. B．Forty minutes ago. C．Sixty minutes ago. 2．（本题1.5分）How can doctors go to the earthquake-stricken area? A．By ship. B．By train. C．By air. 3．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A fireman. B．A building. C．A fire. 4．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation most probably take place? A．At home. B．At a hospital. C．At a drug store. 5．（本题1.5分）How does the man feel about the speech? A．Boring. B．Interesting. C．Inspiring. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．(3分)Which state was the coldest last year? A．Florida. B．California. C．Illinois. 7．How does climate affect hurricanes according to the scientists? A．It causes more of them to happen. B．It makes them more powerful. C．It has no effect on them at all. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(3分)How high was the Seine River in 1910? A．Around 5 feet high. B．Around 20 feet high. C．Around 28 feet high. 9．What had to get moved to higher floors? A．Many residents. B．Artworks. C．Power equipment. 10．What does the woman want to see the most? A．The Louvre. B．The Eiffel Tower. C．The Musée d’Orsay. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(4.5分)How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 12．Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 13．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(6分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Friends. B．Mother and son. C．Doctor and patient. 15．What can help prevent flooding according to Mr. Brown? A．Tall houses. B．Big bridges. C．Sea walls. 16．What happened to the man last month? A．His bedroom was flooded. B．His downstairs was flooded. C．His classroom was flooded. 17．What does the woman suggest doing if a house is flooded? A．Calling the police. B．Waiting for help. C．Leaving the house. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(6分)What threatens this city most? A．Wildfires. B．Storms. C．Floods. 19．What was the original purpose of the exhibition? A．To get money donations. B．To grow community art programs. C．To teach others about local issues. 20．What will the speaker do next? A．Invite others to speak. B．Share more local artworks. C．Present information on disasters. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分） Some parts of our world are bad places of earthquakes. Everyone knows earthquakes usually come without warning. They are really very dangerous, but there are still things you can do to protect yourself. Here is some helpful and practical advice for you. ◆Stay calm as the earth begins to shake. Your chances of survival in an earthquake go up if you can keep calm. Staying calm is not easy, but it can save your life. ◆If you are inside when the earthquake starts, get under a table or a bed. You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling objects. Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen. The kitchen is dangerous because of many glass objects. ◆If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. Stay away from buildings and trees. If you are in a car, pull over to a place where there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car. If you are close to the sea, try to get as far away from the water as possible. Earthquakes can cause huge waves that can really harm and even kill the people nearby. ◆When the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger. For example, gas fire often comes with an earthquake. If you see a fire, quickly move outdoors to an open area. Remember to always hope for the best but prepare for the worst. 21．(7.5分)If an earthquake comes, it hardly gives people any ________. A．warning B．danger C．fire D．practice 22．Everyone needs to ________ when they meet with an earthquake. A．stand near a window B．sit under a big tree C．stay calm D．lie in bed 23．Why did the author write this article? A．To ask for some practical advice. B．To reduce your chances of survival. C．To get fully prepared before earthquakes. D．To help people protect themselves. （本题10分）Maggie, a girl of thirteen years old, lived on the west coast of the United States. She had never experienced an earthquake before; she only prepared for it. As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster. One day, Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time. However, it was not the same as usual. She was home alone. Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport. He was coming home from a two-week business trip. After finishing her homework, Maggie felt a little hungry, so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat. Just then she felt a shake, then the violent shaking. Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room. The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafening, and Maggie hugged herself in fear. After what seemed like a very long time, the earthquake appeared to be over. Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement. And there was the smell of natural gas in the air. Maggie knew where the main water valve (阀门) was and how to turn it off. Dad had ever shown her before. Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table. The once tidy home was then almost unrecognizable. Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess. As Maggie approached the open basement door, she could see the steps. Carefully she made her way down into the dark basement. While placing her feet firmly on the floor, Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large piece of wood hit her head and shoulder. She fell unconsciously onto a pile of boxes. An hour later, she woke up and found her parents beside her. She smiled weakly at the sight of her parents, her heart filled with a sense of peace after the terrible experience. 24．(10分)What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A．Maggie’s parents would get home at the same time. B．Maggie was used to earthquake-related preparations. C．Maggie didn’t know how to handle the disasters at all. D．Earthquakes frequently happened in Maggie’s living area. 25．What does the underlined word “deafening” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Very loud. B．Quite familiar. C．Perfectly clear. D．Really strange. 26．Why could Maggie know where the main water valve was? A．She learned it from her school textbook. B．She found it by accident in the basement. C．Her dad had shown her before the earthquake. D．Her mom told her on the phone during the earthquake. 27．How did Maggie feel when she woke up? A．Excited and shocked. B．Sad and disappointed. C．Grateful and lucky. D．Frightened and angry. Farming relies more on weather than most businesses. Harvest mostly depends on regular sunshine and rainfall. But climate change is breaking the earth’s long-predictable weather patterns. A warmer world makes problems like drought, flooding and pests worse. To deal with this, agriculture needs to adapt. One idea is indoor farming, where weather doesn’t matter. In indoor spaces, conditions like temperature and moisture (湿度) can be controlled accurately with technology. Growing crops indoors isn’t new, but climate change may push more farming indoors. So the industry has tried to expand this method over the past 20 years. However, expanding is hard. Innerfarm, a startup founded in 2013, became one of Europe’s biggest vertical-farming (垂直种植) companies, with about 1,400 farms and partnerships with major sellers. At the peak of its expansion, the company’s CEO spoke of a “big change in agriculture.” But when energy prices rose sharply, Innerfarm was forced to leave the European market and restarted in Canada with a significantly smaller business model. High energy use makes vertical farms debatable. Jennifer Amman from a US energy-saving group said these farms use similar tech to keep humans comfortable, but for plants. They save a lot of water, but energy is their big weakness. Luckily, renewable energy and new tech may solve this, like smart LED lights that only produce the wavelengths plants need, saving electricity. Vertical farms have other advantages. They save space, so they’re great for cities. They can be in warehouses, balconies or even kitchen cupboards. In controlled environments, perfect vegetables can grow all year round. Almost all water is recycled, no pesticides are needed since there are no bugs, and they don’t have to use soil. This is useful because the UN says about a third of the world’s soil is degraded, and over 90% could be by 2050. Farming today faces three big challenges: more demand from a growing population, unpredictable yields due to climate change, and an ageing workforce. Thus, solutions like urban vertical farming are needed. The farms of the future will probably look very different from today’s. 28．(0分)Why did the author refer to Innerfarm? A．To show the difficulties in indoor farming. B．To illustrate a successful energy-saving case. C．To stress the bright future of indoor farming. D．To introduce a leading vertical-farming company. 29．What is the major disadvantage of vertical farms according to Jennifer? A．Consuming amounts of water. B．Relying on advanced technology. C．Using plenty of energy. D．Depending on weather patterns. 30．What does the UN’s data in Paragraph 5 imply? A．Soil-friendly crops are needed. B．Vertical farming has more potential. C．Soil improvement is key to farming. D．Area of indoor farming will decrease. 31．What can be a suitable title for the passage? A．Indoor Agriculture: A Double-Edged Sword B．Energy: A Deciding Factor for Vertical Farms C．Soils Farming: Growing Food Beyond Weather D．Vertical Farming: Agriculture’s Future in a Changing World Plastic has always been a double-edged sword — multi-purpose and cheap, but chemically stable. Traditional recycling methods involve multiple stages of sorting, cleaning, and melting (融化), which are energy-intensive and degrade the material’s quality. Turning plastic into fuel has been explored before, but existing techniques require high heat, complex catalysts (催化剂), and often produce impure results. Now, a groundbreaking cooperation between scientists in the US and China has brought the world one step closer to a real solution. Using a specially designed catalytic reaction, researchers found a way to break down long plastic polymer (聚合物) chains into short hydrocarbon molecules — the building blocks of fuel — in a single step. The team’s secret lies in a novel catalytic material that operates at medium temperatures — far lower than those used in conventional methods. Unlike traditional recycling, which melts plastic into lower-grade products, this catalyst essentially reduces plastics into usable hydrocarbon chains in just a few hours. The output can then be further processed into fuels for vehicles or even planes. According to Professor Zhang Wei, a chemical engineer from the Chinese partner university, the process transforms 95% of the plastic into usable hydrocarbons, leaving minimal remains and almost no harmful byproducts. The implications of this breakthrough extend far beyond scientific curiosity. If widely used, the one-step plastic-to-fuel method could dramatically reduce both plastic waste and non-renewable fuel dependence. Promising as the results are, experts stress that the cost of catalysts, the difficulty of collecting mixed plastic waste, and the issue of carbon emissions from burning fuels are key challenges to be addressed. For this reason, scientists see the innovation not as an end point, but as a temporary fix toward a cleaner future. While questions remain, this innovation marks a hopeful turn in humanity’s long battle with plastic waste. It transforms what was once pollution into power and demonstrates that the solutions to big problems often lie in rethinking waste not as garbage-but as potential. 32．(0分)What is a key advantage of the new method of recycling plastics? A．Low costs. B．Simple processes. C．High security. D．Adjustable reaction. 33．What does the novel catalyst help with? A．Speeding up waste collection. B．Adjusting the operating temperature. C．Minimizing harmful byproducts. D．Turning plastics into basic chemicals. 34．How do scientists regard the method? A．A dead end. B．A starting point. C．A stepping stone. D．A definite answer. 35．What inspiration does the innovation bring to us? A．New views create possibilities. B．Human effort overcomes challenges. C．Close teamwork works wonders. D．Tough problems lead to innovations. （本题12.5分）A dangerous heat wave is sweeping much of the central and eastern United States this week, sending temperatures above 100 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏度). While many people have heard about the risk of heat stroke, experts say that extreme heat can affect almost every part of your body. 36(12.5分) Watch out for brain fog. Heat can make the brain work slower, which weakens our reaction speed, attention and memory. That can mean performing worse on tests and having trouble concentrating at work. 37 Researchers have observed more road anger episodes and violent crimes occur when temperatures rise. Experts believe your brain might be more focused on staying cool than thinking clearly.Make a plan to stay cool. 38 If you don’t have air-conditioning, it’s smart to take steps like closing the shades, immersing your feet in cold water and wrapping a damp towel with crushed ice around your neck. If you need to go outside, consider carrying an umbrella, and a water bottle with ice. Taking regular breaks indoors can also help prevent heat-related illnesses.Eat your water. Water, milk and coconut water are the best options to maintain fluid intake. Your body gets about 20 percent of its water from food. 39 Experts suggest avoiding the use of your stove during heat waves, making salads and cold soups instead. Avoid alcohol and limit coffee because they can increase fluid loss. 40 Temperature is crucial for good sleep, with experts recommending 65 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit. Extreme heat can make it harder to fall and stay asleep, leaving you feeling weak. Use air-conditioners and fans, or cool down by taking a cold shower or chilling your pillowcase before going to bed. A．Adjust your exercise routine. B．Cool down before you lie down. C．Beating the heatcan be an all-day challenge. D．Here is what to know, and how to stay safe. E．Dry heat, meanwhile, can slow down sweat production. F．Vegetables are among the foods with highest water content. G．The heat can also make people more annoyed and aggressive. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）Last summer, my friends and I were super excited for a camping trip in a remote forest. We 41 a weekend full of fun and exploration, imagining ourselves hiking through the 42 , telling stories around the campfire at night. Little did we know, a nightmare was about to 43 . On the second day, while we were cooking lunch by the campfire, a strange, sharp 44 suddenly hit my nose. Looking up, we saw thick black smoke rising in the distance. To our horror, a wildfire was 45 towards us at top speed! 46 set in and we quickly stuffed important things into our backpacks. But when we tried to call for help, our phones had no 47 . Thankfully, we remembered the emergency plan we had learned before, and we 48 towards a small stream nearby. The flowing water provided some protection from the approaching 49 . As the fire got closer, the heat was intense, and the sound of crackling trees was 50 . Finally, after what felt like forever, the 51 arrived. They worked really hard and managed to 52 the fire, leading us to safety. Now, each time I 53 for a trip, my hands pause on the first-aid kit nestled in the side pocket. Checking supplies isn’t a 54 bother — it’s a silent nod to my past self by the stream. Those burnt hiking boots still sit under my bed, a sharp 55 of how fast joy can turn to fear. 41．(15分)A．pictured B．promised C．applauded D．recalled 42．A．continent B．fields C．woods D．plain 43．A．disappear B．repeat C．escape D．strike 44．A．sound B．taste C．smell D．touch 45．A．racing B．walking C．crawling D．flowing 46．A．Anger B．Panic C．Calm D．Joy 47．A．battery B．signal C．message D．function 48．A．wandered B．drove C．swam D．headed 49．A．rescue B．animals C．flames D．landslide 50．A．terrifying B．thrilling C．fascinating D．amusing 51．A．doctors B．hikers C．volunteers D．firefighters 52．A．put on B．put out C．put off D．put up 53．A．pack B．arrange C．gather D．organize 54．A．stress-related B．well-meant C．tiresome D．bittersweet 55．A．reward B．surprise C．souvenir D．reminder 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Windows and 56(0分) (roof) of buildings aren’t the only surfaces 57 can be used to produce solar power. In China, construction has begun of the country’s first solar highway, in which solar panels (板) are placed underneath transparent concrete. The solar highway is a 2 km stretch of road 58 (lie) on the Jinan City Expressway, and it’s divided 59 three layers. The see-through concrete protects a set of solar panels of two sizes. Beneath the solar panels is a layer that separates 60 (they) from the damp ground. The road itself has already been completed, and now it’s only 61 matter of connecting the grid (电网) which will have been finished by the end of the year. This isn’t the first time that China has worked on the solar road. Earlier this year, the Qilu Transportation Development Group, also handling the Jinan Expressway solar road, 62 (build) a 160-meter-long solar road in the city of Jinan. It has the ability of heating up 63 (keep) the highway clear of snow and ice and is able to 64 (wireless) charge electric vehicles. The new solar highway as well as the supporting facilities 65 (expect) to one day be equipped with the same features. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）上周五你校组织学生去自然灾害体验馆参加了一次活动，学生们戴上VR眼镜，如临其境地体验了各种自然灾害。请你为校微信公众号写一篇英文新闻稿，内容包括： 1. 活动目的；2. 活动过程；3. 活动反响。 提示词：自然灾害体验馆（Natural Disaster Experience Hall） 注意：写作词数应为120左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A sudden shake made Anna White awake. Rubbing her eyes, she noticed the vase on the corner table shaking. It was just going to fall from the corner, but she managed to catch it just in time. Then she realized that it must be an earthquake. She rushed downstairs to look for her parents and brother. But everyone was sleeping soundly as it was just 3 in the morning. She screamed, “MOM! DAD! CHASE!” Her heart pounded as the quake continued. She knew what was happening, but what should she do? “CHASE ...!” she called her elder brother Chase again. Chase had got up and was on the stairs. He was very scared when he felt the stairs shaking. He was about to fall on the stairs but quickly grabbed the railing (扶手)for support. “What was that?” he asked and looked towards Anna who was sitting under a table in the dining room and he quickly joined her. Their mother, Lisa, soon appeared in the dining room. She’d felt the shaking from her room. Realizing it was an earthquake, she quickly came under the table with them and asked Chase and Anna if they were OK. Her eyes stared nervously at the door. “Where’s Dad?” Chase asked after a moment, his voice tense. Anna’s stomach tightened with worry. They knew their father, a doctor, was often called away for emergency cases, sometimes even at night. Lisa hesitated, her voice trembling, “He went on an emergency call ... We just need to stay safe. Dad will be fine. Don’t worry about him.” Tears welled in her eyes as the weight of the situation sank in. The idea of him being out there, in the middle of an earthquake, was terrifying. Suddenly, a loud crash came from the building next door. Through the window, they saw a nearby building shaking violently, sending clouds of dust into the air. “This is too dangerous,” Chase said, glancing around. Without another word, they grabbed each other’s hands and ran out of the building. Paragraph 1: They managed to arrive at the street and saw a scene in chaos. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: In the middle of the rescue workers, Anna spotted a familiar face-her father. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 4 Natural Disasters（较易版02）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）When did the fire happen? A．Thirty minutes ago. B．Forty minutes ago. C．Sixty minutes ago. 【答案】A 【原文】W: There was a fire half an hour ago. M: Luckily nobody got hurt in it. 2．（本题1.5分）How can doctors go to the earthquake-stricken area? A．By ship. B．By train. C．By air. 【答案】C 【原文】M: The strong earthquake has destroyed transport in that area. W: Then how can rescue teams and supplies reach there? M: By plane. Food, clothing, rescue and medical teams are all sent in this way. 3．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A fireman. B．A building. C．A fire. 【答案】C 【原文】W: How did you manage to get away? M: I wet my sweater, covered my head and hurried to the burning door. As soon as I left the house, it burned. 4．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation most probably take place? A．At home. B．At a hospital. C．At a drug store. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Excuse me, I’m looking for something for a stomachache. W: I see, sir. How long have you had this problem? M: For a few days. W:You could try this medicine. It may help. But I think you should see a doctor. 5．（本题1.5分）How does the man feel about the speech? A．Boring. B．Interesting. C．Inspiring. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Peter, what do you think of the speech? I think it’s inspiring. M: I don’t find it inspiring at all. Quite the contrary, I just want it to be over with. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．(3分)Which state was the coldest last year? A．Florida. B．California. C．Illinois. 7．How does climate affect hurricanes according to the scientists? A．It causes more of them to happen. B．It makes them more powerful. C．It has no effect on them at all. 【答案】6．C 7．B 【原文】M: It's crazy to think that some people don't believe in climate change. W: I know. There were record high temperatures in California last year. Florida suffered from the heat and was always hit with more heavy hurricanes, while Illinois was experiencing freezing temperatures. M: I heard someone say the climate can't be warming, because there are still places with extremely low temperatures. Is that true? W: Perhaps they are confusing weather and climate. Weather is measured over a short period of time, and climate is the measure of longterm temperature patterns. And our climate is experiencing higher and higher averages in temperature every year. M: Do you think this rise in temperature directly affects forest fires, hurricanes, and snowstorms? W: Scientists believe so. As of now, they can't say if it actually causes more hurricanes, but they are certain it affects their power. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(3分)How high was the Seine River in 1910? A．Around 5 feet high. B．Around 20 feet high. C．Around 28 feet high. 9．What had to get moved to higher floors? A．Many residents. B．Artworks. C．Power equipment. 10．What does the woman want to see the most? A．The Louvre. B．The Eiffel Tower. C．The Musée d’Orsay. 【答案】8．C 9．B 10．C 【原文】M: I’m worried about our trip to Paris next week. W: Why? M: There has been heavy rain that has lifted the Seine River to about 20 feet, its highest level since 1982. It actually reached 28.2 feet in 1910, if you can believe it... It is normally only 5 feet high. Workers have said that the river won’t go back to its original level for another week or two. W: Do you think the ground beneath the Eiffel Tower is flooded? M: It is. I saw a photo of it. W: We won’t even be able to walk around and see the city! M: I think we can still walk around. We just have to bring rain boots so our feet don’t get wet or muddy. Many buildings don’t have power, and I read that staff at the Louvre Museum had to move all the artworks to higher floors. It’s still closed to visitors. W: I hope we can at least see the Musée d’Orsay. That’s my favorite museum in the world. M: That’s closed, too. W: Oh no! （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(4.5分)How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 12．Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 13．How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. 【答案】11．B 12．B 13．A 【原文】M: Hey, Hillary. Have you watched the news about Guatemala on television? W: Are you talking about the hurricane? I read it on a website this morning. M: Yeah. It looked terrible, right? W: Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in Guatemala. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house was destroyed! M: Oh, no! Is he OK? W: Yeah, luckily, he didn’t get hurt. He heard on the news that a storm was coming, so he went to a public storm shelter. M: I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house though. What is he going to do? W: He is at a friend’s house now, and he will fix his house as soon as possible. M: Well, that is good news. （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(6分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Friends. B．Mother and son. C．Doctor and patient. 15．What can help prevent flooding according to Mr. Brown? A．Tall houses. B．Big bridges. C．Sea walls. 16．What happened to the man last month? A．His bedroom was flooded. B．His downstairs was flooded. C．His classroom was flooded. 17．What does the woman suggest doing if a house is flooded? A．Calling the police. B．Waiting for help. C．Leaving the house. 【答案】14．A 15．C 16．B 17．C 【原文】M: How was your last lesson? W: It was interesting. Mr. Brown taught us about floods. M: We get frequent floods around here because we have so many rivers and the land is so flat. My mom is always worried about it. W: Mr. Brown says that there are engineered solutions to prevent flooding, like sea walls or river banks. M: We have some by my house because the river always floods in the wetter months. Last month our downstairs got flooded. W: Did you all have to stay upstairs? M: We went to our grandparents’ house instead. It’s all fine now though, but it costs us a lot of money to repair everything. W: It’s important never to stay in a flooded house, especially because of the dangers of water and electricity together. There are some other solutions to prevent flooding too, such as planting more trees to take in the water. That way, you’re also helping the environment. M: I totally agree. It’s a win-win situation for both the environment and our community. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(6分)What threatens this city most? A．Wildfires. B．Storms. C．Floods. 19．What was the original purpose of the exhibition? A．To get money donations. B．To grow community art programs. C．To teach others about local issues. 20．What will the speaker do next? A．Invite others to speak. B．Share more local artworks. C．Present information on disasters. 【答案】18．C 19．B 20．A 【原文】 W: Thanks for coming to this art gallery opening. As you can see, all the art here has been painted and created to represent and celebrate local natural beauty. We come from such a beautiful place, so it is very important to realize how at risk it is. I’m not saying this to scare anyone, but to remind us how much we love our planet and how important it is to protect what we love. Here, you’ll see images of hills on fire, powerful typhoons, and rising floods. Within our coastal city, the biggest danger is sea-level rise. Many local artists have painted our streets and train stations underwater to show how real these risks are. Before we open the room to guests, I want to share the origin of this show. The initial idea was not fundraising or even climate messaging. We simply wanted to expand art classes in our community centers. That modest goal grew into this exhibition as students, teachers, and neighbors offered their talent, stories, and support. Because of everyone of you, more workshops will launch next month. To thank you for helping us reach this moment, I’d like to invite several of our lead supporters to say a few words about the student program. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分） Some parts of our world are bad places of earthquakes. Everyone knows earthquakes usually come without warning. They are really very dangerous, but there are still things you can do to protect yourself. Here is some helpful and practical advice for you. ◆Stay calm as the earth begins to shake. Your chances of survival in an earthquake go up if you can keep calm. Staying calm is not easy, but it can save your life. ◆If you are inside when the earthquake starts, get under a table or a bed. You need to have something strong around you to protect you from falling objects. Do not stand near walls or windows and stay out of the kitchen. The kitchen is dangerous because of many glass objects. ◆If you are outside, get to an open area as fast as you can. Stay away from buildings and trees. If you are in a car, pull over to a place where there are no trees or tall buildings and stay in the car. If you are close to the sea, try to get as far away from the water as possible. Earthquakes can cause huge waves that can really harm and even kill the people nearby. ◆When the earthquake is over, there is still plenty of danger. For example, gas fire often comes with an earthquake. If you see a fire, quickly move outdoors to an open area. Remember to always hope for the best but prepare for the worst. 21．(7.5分)If an earthquake comes, it hardly gives people any ________. A．warning B．danger C．fire D．practice 22．Everyone needs to ________ when they meet with an earthquake. A．stand near a window B．sit under a big tree C．stay calm D．lie in bed 23．Why did the author write this article? A．To ask for some practical advice. B．To reduce your chances of survival. C．To get fully prepared before earthquakes. D．To help people protect themselves. 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要列举了一些地震时的自保措施。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据第一段“Everyone knows earthquakes usually come without warning.(每个人都知道地震通常没有预警)”可知，如果地震来了，它几乎不会给人们任何警告。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据第二段“Stay calm as the earth begins to shake.(当大地开始摇晃时，请保持冷静)”可知，每个人在遇到地震时都需要保持冷静。故选C。 23．推理判断题。根据第一段“Some parts of our world are bad places of earthquakes. Everyone knows earthquakes usually come without warning. They are really very dangerous, but there are still things you can do to protect yourself. Here is some helpful and practical advice for you.(世界上有些地方是地震多发地区。每个人都知道地震通常没有预警。它们确实非常危险，但你仍然可以做一些事情来保护自己。这里有一些实用的建议给你)”结合文章主要列举了一些地震时的自保措施，可知，作者写这篇文章是为了帮助人们保护自己。故选D。 （本题10分）Maggie, a girl of thirteen years old, lived on the west coast of the United States. She had never experienced an earthquake before; she only prepared for it. As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster. One day, Maggie arrived home from school at the usual time. However, it was not the same as usual. She was home alone. Her mom would be driving home on the busy freeway and her dad was to arrive at the airport. He was coming home from a two-week business trip. After finishing her homework, Maggie felt a little hungry, so she went to the kitchen to find something to eat. Just then she felt a shake, then the violent shaking. Maggie quickly ran under the large table in the dining room. The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafening, and Maggie hugged herself in fear. After what seemed like a very long time, the earthquake appeared to be over. Maggie could hear the sound of water rushing below her in the basement. And there was the smell of natural gas in the air. Maggie knew where the main water valve (阀门) was and how to turn it off. Dad had ever shown her before. Slowly and carefully she came out from under the table. The once tidy home was then almost unrecognizable. Walls had fallen down and many things in the room were in a mess. As Maggie approached the open basement door, she could see the steps. Carefully she made her way down into the dark basement. While placing her feet firmly on the floor, Maggie felt a sudden pain as a large piece of wood hit her head and shoulder. She fell unconsciously onto a pile of boxes. An hour later, she woke up and found her parents beside her. She smiled weakly at the sight of her parents, her heart filled with a sense of peace after the terrible experience. 24．(10分)What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A．Maggie’s parents would get home at the same time. B．Maggie was used to earthquake-related preparations. C．Maggie didn’t know how to handle the disasters at all. D．Earthquakes frequently happened in Maggie’s living area. 25．What does the underlined word “deafening” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Very loud. B．Quite familiar. C．Perfectly clear. D．Really strange. 26．Why could Maggie know where the main water valve was? A．She learned it from her school textbook. B．She found it by accident in the basement. C．Her dad had shown her before the earthquake. D．Her mom told her on the phone during the earthquake. 27．How did Maggie feel when she woke up? A．Excited and shocked. B．Sad and disappointed. C．Grateful and lucky. D．Frightened and angry. 【答案】24．B 25．A 26．C 27．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁女孩麦琪独自在家经历地震并成功自救的故事。 24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“As long as she could remember, preparing for an earthquake was common at her school. Her family had made plans as well in case of a natural disaster.(从她记事起，为地震做准备在她的学校就很常见。她的家人也制定了应对自然灾害的计划。)”以及第二段中“However, it was not the same as usual. She was home alone.(然而，这一天与往常不同。她独自在家。)”可知，麦琪对地震相关的准备工作已经习以为常。故选B。 25．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The sounds of breaking glass and the crashing of many things were deafening, and Maggie hugged herself in fear.(玻璃破碎的声音和许多东西撞击的声音deafening，麦琪害怕地抱住自己。)”可知，玻璃破碎和物品撞击的声音非常大，让麦琪感到害怕，因此deafening意为“非常响的”。故选A。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Maggie knew where the main water valve (阀门) was and how to turn it off. Dad had ever shown her before.(麦琪知道主水阀在哪里，也知道怎么关。爸爸以前教过她。)”可知，麦琪知道主水阀的位置是因为她爸爸在地震前教过她。故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“An hour later, she woke up and found her parents beside her. She smiled weakly at the sight of her parents, her heart filled with a sense of peace after the terrible experience.(一个小时后，她醒来发现父母就在她身边。看到父母，她虚弱地笑了，在经历了可怕的经历后，她的心里充满了平静。)”可知，麦琪感到庆幸和感激。故选C。 Farming relies more on weather than most businesses. Harvest mostly depends on regular sunshine and rainfall. But climate change is breaking the earth’s long-predictable weather patterns. A warmer world makes problems like drought, flooding and pests worse. To deal with this, agriculture needs to adapt. One idea is indoor farming, where weather doesn’t matter. In indoor spaces, conditions like temperature and moisture (湿度) can be controlled accurately with technology. Growing crops indoors isn’t new, but climate change may push more farming indoors. So the industry has tried to expand this method over the past 20 years. However, expanding is hard. Innerfarm, a startup founded in 2013, became one of Europe’s biggest vertical-farming (垂直种植) companies, with about 1,400 farms and partnerships with major sellers. At the peak of its expansion, the company’s CEO spoke of a “big change in agriculture.” But when energy prices rose sharply, Innerfarm was forced to leave the European market and restarted in Canada with a significantly smaller business model. High energy use makes vertical farms debatable. Jennifer Amman from a US energy-saving group said these farms use similar tech to keep humans comfortable, but for plants. They save a lot of water, but energy is their big weakness. Luckily, renewable energy and new tech may solve this, like smart LED lights that only produce the wavelengths plants need, saving electricity. Vertical farms have other advantages. They save space, so they’re great for cities. They can be in warehouses, balconies or even kitchen cupboards. In controlled environments, perfect vegetables can grow all year round. Almost all water is recycled, no pesticides are needed since there are no bugs, and they don’t have to use soil. This is useful because the UN says about a third of the world’s soil is degraded, and over 90% could be by 2050. Farming today faces three big challenges: more demand from a growing population, unpredictable yields due to climate change, and an ageing workforce. Thus, solutions like urban vertical farming are needed. The farms of the future will probably look very different from today’s. 28．(0分)Why did the author refer to Innerfarm? A．To show the difficulties in indoor farming. B．To illustrate a successful energy-saving case. C．To stress the bright future of indoor farming. D．To introduce a leading vertical-farming company. 29．What is the major disadvantage of vertical farms according to Jennifer? A．Consuming amounts of water. B．Relying on advanced technology. C．Using plenty of energy. D．Depending on weather patterns. 30．What does the UN’s data in Paragraph 5 imply? A．Soil-friendly crops are needed. B．Vertical farming has more potential. C．Soil improvement is key to farming. D．Area of indoor farming will decrease. 31．What can be a suitable title for the passage? A．Indoor Agriculture: A Double-Edged Sword B．Energy: A Deciding Factor for Vertical Farms C．Soils Farming: Growing Food Beyond Weather D．Vertical Farming: Agriculture’s Future in a Changing World 【答案】28．A 29．C 30．B 31．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在气候变化背景下，垂直农业作为一种应对传统农业困境的创新方式，探讨了它的优势、面临的挑战以及未来发展前景。 【详解】28．推理判断题。根据第三段“However, expanding is hard.(然而，扩张很困难。)”以及“But when energy prices rose sharply, Innerfarm was forced to leave the European market and restarted in Canada with a significantly smaller business model.(但当能源价格急剧上涨时，Innerfarm被迫退出欧洲市场，并在加拿大重新起步，采用了规模大幅缩小的商业模式。)”可知，作者举Innerfarm的例子是为了说明室内农业在扩张过程中面临的困难。故选A。 29．细节理解题。根据第四段“Jennifer Amman from a US energy-saving group said these farms use similar tech to keep humans comfortable, but for plants. They save a lot of water, but energy is their big weakness.(来自美国节能组织的Jennifer Amman表示，这些农场使用类似的技术来让植物处于适宜环境，就像给人类提供舒适环境一样。它们能节约大量水资源，但能源消耗是其最大的短板。)”可知，Jennifer认为垂直农场的主要缺点是能源消耗量大。故选C。 30．推理判断题。根据第五段“Almost all water is recycled, no pesticides are needed since there are no bugs, and they don’t have to use soil. This is useful because the UN says about a third of the world’s soil is degraded, and over 90% could be by 2050.(几乎所有水都能循环利用，因为没有害虫所以无需农药，而且它们不需要土壤。这一点很实用，因为联合国表示，目前全球约三分之一的土壤已经退化，到2050年这一比例可能超过90%。)”可知，联合国的数据说明了土壤退化的严峻现状，而垂直农场无需土壤的特点恰好能应对这一问题，暗示了垂直农业具有更大的发展潜力。故选B。 31．主旨大意题。根据第一段“To deal with this, agriculture needs to adapt. One idea is indoor farming, where weather doesn’t matter.(为应对这种情况，农业需要做出调整。其中一个办法就是室内农业，在那里天气不再是问题。)  以及第六段“Farming today faces three big challenges: more demand from a growing population, unpredictable yields due to climate change, and an ageing workforce. Thus, solutions like urban vertical farming are needed. The farms of the future will probably look very different from today’s.(如今的农业面临三大挑战：人口增长带来的需求增加、气候变化导致的产量不稳定，以及劳动力老龄化。因此，像城市垂直农业这样的解决方案是必要的。未来的农场很可能与今天的大不相同。)”可知，文章开篇点明气候变化迫使农业转型，引出垂直农业这一解决方案；随后分析了垂直农业的优缺点，并结合全球农业面临的三大挑战，指出未来农业的形态将发生改变。 D选项“Vertical Farming: Agriculture’s Future in a Changing World(垂直农业：变化世界中的农业未来)”既呼应了“气候变化推动农业转型”的背景，也点明了垂直农业作为未来农业发展方向的核心，最能概括全文主旨。故选D。 Plastic has always been a double-edged sword — multi-purpose and cheap, but chemically stable. Traditional recycling methods involve multiple stages of sorting, cleaning, and melting (融化), which are energy-intensive and degrade the material’s quality. Turning plastic into fuel has been explored before, but existing techniques require high heat, complex catalysts (催化剂), and often produce impure results. Now, a groundbreaking cooperation between scientists in the US and China has brought the world one step closer to a real solution. Using a specially designed catalytic reaction, researchers found a way to break down long plastic polymer (聚合物) chains into short hydrocarbon molecules — the building blocks of fuel — in a single step. The team’s secret lies in a novel catalytic material that operates at medium temperatures — far lower than those used in conventional methods. Unlike traditional recycling, which melts plastic into lower-grade products, this catalyst essentially reduces plastics into usable hydrocarbon chains in just a few hours. The output can then be further processed into fuels for vehicles or even planes. According to Professor Zhang Wei, a chemical engineer from the Chinese partner university, the process transforms 95% of the plastic into usable hydrocarbons, leaving minimal remains and almost no harmful byproducts. The implications of this breakthrough extend far beyond scientific curiosity. If widely used, the one-step plastic-to-fuel method could dramatically reduce both plastic waste and non-renewable fuel dependence. Promising as the results are, experts stress that the cost of catalysts, the difficulty of collecting mixed plastic waste, and the issue of carbon emissions from burning fuels are key challenges to be addressed. For this reason, scientists see the innovation not as an end point, but as a temporary fix toward a cleaner future. While questions remain, this innovation marks a hopeful turn in humanity’s long battle with plastic waste. It transforms what was once pollution into power and demonstrates that the solutions to big problems often lie in rethinking waste not as garbage-but as potential. 32．(0分)What is a key advantage of the new method of recycling plastics? A．Low costs. B．Simple processes. C．High security. D．Adjustable reaction. 33．What does the novel catalyst help with? A．Speeding up waste collection. B．Adjusting the operating temperature. C．Minimizing harmful byproducts. D．Turning plastics into basic chemicals. 34．How do scientists regard the method? A．A dead end. B．A starting point. C．A stepping stone. D．A definite answer. 35．What inspiration does the innovation bring to us? A．New views create possibilities. B．Human effort overcomes challenges. C．Close teamwork works wonders. D．Tough problems lead to innovations. 【答案】32．B 33．D 34．C 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中美科学家合作研发的一种新型塑料回收方法，该方法可通过特殊催化反应一步将塑料转化为可用烃类物质，同时分析了其优势、面临的挑战及带来的启示。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第二段“Using a specially designed catalytic reaction, researchers found a way to break down long plastic polymer (聚合物) chains into short hydrocarbon molecules — the building blocks of fuel — in a single step. (通过采用一种特别设计的催化反应，研究人员找到了一种方法，能够将长的塑料聚合物链在单一步骤中分解为短的碳氢化合物分子——这些就是燃料的构成单元。)”可知，新回收方法的关键优势是流程简单。故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段“According to Professor Zhang Wei, a chemical engineer from the Chinese partner university, the process transforms 95% of the plastic into usable hydrocarbons, leaving minimal remains and almost no harmful byproducts. (据来自中方合作大学的化学工程师张伟教授介绍，该过程能将 95% 的塑料转化为可用的烃类物质，仅留下少量残留物，且几乎不会产生有害副产品。)”可知，新型催化剂有助于将塑料转化为基础化学物质。故选D。 34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“For this reason, scientists see the innovation not as an end point, but as a temporary fix toward a cleaner future. (基于此，科学家们并不将这种创新视为最终目标，而将其视为迈向更清洁未来的暂时解决方案。)”可知，科学家把该方法看作垫脚石、过渡手段。故选C。 35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It transforms what was once pollution into power and demonstrates that the solutions to big problems often lie in rethinking waste not as garbage-but as potential. (它将曾经的污染物转化为能源，表明解决重大问题的方法往往在于重新思考：垃圾并非废物，而是潜在资源。)” 可知，这项创新带给我们的启示是新的视角创造可能性。故选A。 （本题12.5分）A dangerous heat wave is sweeping much of the central and eastern United States this week, sending temperatures above 100 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏度). While many people have heard about the risk of heat stroke, experts say that extreme heat can affect almost every part of your body. 36(12.5分) Watch out for brain fog. Heat can make the brain work slower, which weakens our reaction speed, attention and memory. That can mean performing worse on tests and having trouble concentrating at work. 37 Researchers have observed more road anger episodes and violent crimes occur when temperatures rise. Experts believe your brain might be more focused on staying cool than thinking clearly.Make a plan to stay cool. 38 If you don’t have air-conditioning, it’s smart to take steps like closing the shades, immersing your feet in cold water and wrapping a damp towel with crushed ice around your neck. If you need to go outside, consider carrying an umbrella, and a water bottle with ice. Taking regular breaks indoors can also help prevent heat-related illnesses.Eat your water. Water, milk and coconut water are the best options to maintain fluid intake. Your body gets about 20 percent of its water from food. 39 Experts suggest avoiding the use of your stove during heat waves, making salads and cold soups instead. Avoid alcohol and limit coffee because they can increase fluid loss. 40 Temperature is crucial for good sleep, with experts recommending 65 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit. Extreme heat can make it harder to fall and stay asleep, leaving you feeling weak. Use air-conditioners and fans, or cool down by taking a cold shower or chilling your pillowcase before going to bed. A．Adjust your exercise routine. B．Cool down before you lie down. C．Beating the heatcan be an all-day challenge. D．Here is what to know, and how to stay safe. E．Dry heat, meanwhile, can slow down sweat production. F．Vegetables are among the foods with highest water content. G．The heat can also make people more annoyed and aggressive. 【答案】36．D 37．G 38．C 39．F 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极端热浪对人体多方面的危害(如导致大脑疲劳、情绪波动、脱水及睡眠障碍)，并提供了实用的应对建议(如保持凉爽、补充水分、降温助眠等)。 【详解】36．根据上文“A dangerous heat wave is sweeping much of the central and eastern United States this week, sending temperatures above 100 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏度). While many people have heard about the risk of heat stroke, experts say that extreme heat can affect almost every part of your body.(本周，一场危险的热浪正席卷美国中部和东部大部分地区，气温高达100华氏度以上。虽然许多人听说过中暑的风险，但专家表示，极端高温会对人体的几乎每一个部位产生影响)”可知，空白处位于首段末尾，需起到承上启下的作用。前文指出“热浪影响全身”，后文说明其危害及应对措施。D选项“这里是一些需要了解的信息和安全建议”概括了下文内容，起到了总领全文的作用。故选D。 37．根据上文“Heat can make the brain work slower, which weakens our reaction speed, attention and memory. That can mean performing worse on tests and having trouble concentrating at work.(高温会使大脑运转速度减慢，从而降低我们的反应速度、注意力和记忆力。这可能会导致我们在考试中表现不佳，以及在工作中难以集中注意力)”以及后文“Researchers have observed more road anger episodes and violent crimes occur when temperatures rise. Experts believe your brain might be more focused on staying cool than thinking clearly.(研究人员发现，气温升高时，道路愤怒事件和暴力犯罪的发生率会增加。专家认为，此时你的大脑可能会更注重保持凉爽，而非清晰地思考问题)”可知，本段主题是“热浪对大脑的影响（产生脑雾、注意力下降）”。后文提到“更容易产生路怒症和暴力犯罪”以及“大脑更专注于降温而非清晰思考”。G选项“高温还会让人更烦躁和具有攻击性”与后文形成递进逻辑关系，且关键词“annoyed and aggressive”与“road anger”“violent crimes”直接呼应。故选G。 38．根据后文“If you don’t have air-conditioning, it’s smart to take steps like closing the shades, immersing your feet in cold water and wrapping a damp towel with crushed ice around your neck. If you need to go outside, consider carrying an umbrella, and a water bottle with ice. Taking regular breaks indoors can also help prevent heat-related illnesses.(如果你家里没有空调，那么采取一些措施是明智之举，比如拉上窗帘、将双脚浸泡在冷水中、把裹有碎冰的湿毛巾围在脖子上。如果需要外出，可以考虑携带一把伞和一个装有冰块的水瓶。在室内定时休息也有助于预防因高温引起的疾病)”可知，本段主题是“制定保持凉爽的计划”，后文列举了具体方法(如：关窗帘、冷水泡脚等)。C选项“战胜高温可能是一项全天的挑战”概括了全段主旨，并自然引出后续解决方案。故选C。 39．根据上文“Water, milk and coconut water are the best options to maintain fluid intake. Your body gets about 20 percent of its water from food.(水、牛奶和椰子水是保持水分摄入的最佳选择。人体约有 20%的水分来自食物)”以及后文“Experts suggest avoiding the use of your stove during heat waves, making salads and cold soups instead. Avoid alcohol and limit coffee because they can increase fluid loss.(专家建议在高温天气里不要使用炉灶，而应制作沙拉和冷汤。还要避免饮酒，并限制咖啡的摄入量，因为这些饮品会增加体液流失)”可知，本段聚焦“通过食物补水”。前文强调“食物可为身体提供20％的水”，后文建议“避免开火，做沙拉和冷汤”。F选项“蔬菜是含水量最高的食物之一”既承接了上文的观点，又为后文提供了依据，形成了逻辑闭环。故选F。 40．根据后文“Temperature is crucial for good sleep, with experts recommending 65 to 68 degrees Fahrenheit. Extreme heat can make it harder to fall and stay asleep, leaving you feeling weak. Use air-conditioners and fans, or cool down by taking a cold shower or chilling your pillowcase before going to bed.(适宜的温度对于良好的睡眠至关重要，专家建议室温保持在65至68华氏度之间。过热的环境会使得入睡和保持睡眠状态变得更加困难，还会让你感到疲倦。可以使用空调和风扇，或者在睡前冲个冷水澡、给枕套降温来降低室温)”可知，本段讨论高温对睡眠的影响及降温方法。B选项“躺下前先降温”直接点明本段大意，且与后文“冷水澡、冰枕头”等具体措施形成呼应。故选B。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）Last summer, my friends and I were super excited for a camping trip in a remote forest. We 41 a weekend full of fun and exploration, imagining ourselves hiking through the 42 , telling stories around the campfire at night. Little did we know, a nightmare was about to 43 . On the second day, while we were cooking lunch by the campfire, a strange, sharp 44 suddenly hit my nose. Looking up, we saw thick black smoke rising in the distance. To our horror, a wildfire was 45 towards us at top speed! 46 set in and we quickly stuffed important things into our backpacks. But when we tried to call for help, our phones had no 47 . Thankfully, we remembered the emergency plan we had learned before, and we 48 towards a small stream nearby. The flowing water provided some protection from the approaching 49 . As the fire got closer, the heat was intense, and the sound of crackling trees was 50 . Finally, after what felt like forever, the 51 arrived. They worked really hard and managed to 52 the fire, leading us to safety. Now, each time I 53 for a trip, my hands pause on the first-aid kit nestled in the side pocket. Checking supplies isn’t a 54 bother — it’s a silent nod to my past self by the stream. Those burnt hiking boots still sit under my bed, a sharp 55 of how fast joy can turn to fear. 41．(15分)A．pictured B．promised C．applauded D．recalled 42．A．continent B．fields C．woods D．plain 43．A．disappear B．repeat C．escape D．strike 44．A．sound B．taste C．smell D．touch 45．A．racing B．walking C．crawling D．flowing 46．A．Anger B．Panic C．Calm D．Joy 47．A．battery B．signal C．message D．function 48．A．wandered B．drove C．swam D．headed 49．A．rescue B．animals C．flames D．landslide 50．A．terrifying B．thrilling C．fascinating D．amusing 51．A．doctors B．hikers C．volunteers D．firefighters 52．A．put on B．put out C．put off D．put up 53．A．pack B．arrange C．gather D．organize 54．A．stress-related B．well-meant C．tiresome D．bittersweet 55．A．reward B．surprise C．souvenir D．reminder 【答案】 41．A 42．C 43．D 44．C 45．A 46．B 47．B 48．D 49．C 50．A 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．C 55．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者和朋友在偏远森林露营时遭遇森林火灾，在困境中他们依靠应急知识等待救援，最终获救，此次经历也让作者对准备应急物品有了深刻认识。 【详解】41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们想象着一个充满乐趣和探索的周末，想象着自己在树林中徒步旅行，晚上围着篝火讲故事。A. pictured想象；B. promised承诺；C. applauded鼓掌；D. recalled回忆。根据下文“imagining ourselves hiking through...”可知，此处指在脑海中想象周末的露营情景，picture有“想象”之意，符合语境。故选A项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们想象着一个充满乐趣和探索的周末，想象着自己在树林中徒步旅行，晚上围着篝火讲故事。A. continent大陆；B. fields田野；C. woods树林；D. plain平原。根据上文“a camping trip in a remote forest”可知，露营地点在森林，所以是在树林中徒步，woods符合语境。故选C项。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不知道，一场噩梦即将降临。A. disappear消失；B. repeat重复；C. escape逃跑；D. strike降临，侵袭。根据下文描述的森林火灾可知，此处指噩梦（火灾）即将来临，strike有“降临，侵袭”的意思，符合语境。故选D项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，当我们在篝火旁做午饭时，一股奇怪的刺鼻气味突然钻进我的鼻子。A. sound声音；B. taste味道；C. smell气味；D. touch触感。根据下文“hit my nose”可知，钻进鼻子的是气味，符合语境。故选C项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：令我们惊恐的是，一场野火正以最快的速度向我们袭来！A. racing快速移动，疾行；B. walking步行；C. crawling爬行；D. flowing流动。根据下文“at top speed”可知，野火快速向他们袭来，race有“快速移动，疾行”之意，能形象地描述野火的迅猛，符合语境。故选A项。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：恐慌袭来，我们迅速把重要的东西塞进背包。A. Anger愤怒；B. Panic恐慌；C. Calm平静；D. Joy喜悦。根据上文“To our horror”以及下文迅速收拾东西可知，面对野火，他们感到恐慌，panic符合语境。故选B项。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我们试图呼救时，手机没有信号。A. battery电池；B. signal信号；C. message信息；D. function功能。根据上文“tried to call for help”以及but表示转折可知，想呼救但手机没信号，signal符合语境。故选B项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们想起了之前学过的应急预案，然后朝着附近的一条小溪走去。A. wandered徘徊；B. drove驾驶；C. swam游泳；D. headed前往，朝……行进。根据下文“towards a small stream nearby”可知，为了逃离火灾，他们朝着小溪的方向走去，head符合语境。故选D项。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：流动的水为我们提供了一些保护，使我们免受逼近的火焰的伤害。A. rescue救援；B. animals动物；C. flames火焰；D. landslide山体滑坡。根据上文提到野火来袭，可知此处是免受火焰伤害，flames符合语境。故选C项。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着火势越来越近，热度非常强烈，树木燃烧的噼啪声令人恐惧。A. terrifying令人恐惧的；B. thrilling令人兴奋的；C. fascinating迷人的；D. amusing有趣的。根据上文“the heat was intense, and the sound of crackling trees”可知，在森林火灾的情境下，树木燃烧的声音会让人感到恐惧，terrifying符合语境。故选A项。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，仿佛过了很久，消防员来了。A. doctors医生；B. hikers徒步旅行者；C. volunteers志愿者；D. firefighters消防员。根据下文“They worked really hard and managed to...the fire”可知，来灭火的是消防员，firefighters符合语境。故选D项。 52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们非常努力，成功扑灭了大火，把我们带到了安全的地方。A. put on穿上；B. put out扑灭；C. put off推迟；D. put up张贴，搭建。根据下文“the fire”以及“leading us to safety”可知，消防员扑灭了火，put out有“扑灭”之意，符合语境。故选B项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，每次我收拾行李准备旅行时，我的手都会在放在侧袋里的急救包上停留一下。A. pack收拾（行李）；B. arrange安排；C. gather聚集；D. organize组织。根据下文“for a trip”以及下文提到急救包可知，是收拾行李准备旅行，pack符合语境。故选A项。 54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：检查物品并不是一件烦人的事——这是对溪边过去的自己的一种无声致敬。A. stress-related与压力有关的；B. well-meant善意的；C. tiresome烦人的；D. bittersweet苦乐参半的。根据下文“it’s a silent nod to my past self by the stream”可知，作者认为检查物品并非烦人的事，而是有特殊意义，tiresome符合语境。故选C项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些烧焦的徒步靴还放在我的床底下，它强烈地提醒着我快乐能多么迅速地变成恐惧。A. reward奖励；B. surprise惊喜；C. souvenir纪念品；D. reminder提醒的事物。根据下文“how fast joy can turn to fear”可知，烧焦的靴子提醒着作者那次可怕的经历，reminder符合语境。故选D项。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Windows and 56(0分) (roof) of buildings aren’t the only surfaces 57 can be used to produce solar power. In China, construction has begun of the country’s first solar highway, in which solar panels (板) are placed underneath transparent concrete. The solar highway is a 2 km stretch of road 58 (lie) on the Jinan City Expressway, and it’s divided 59 three layers. The see-through concrete protects a set of solar panels of two sizes. Beneath the solar panels is a layer that separates 60 (they) from the damp ground. The road itself has already been completed, and now it’s only 61 matter of connecting the grid (电网) which will have been finished by the end of the year. This isn’t the first time that China has worked on the solar road. Earlier this year, the Qilu Transportation Development Group, also handling the Jinan Expressway solar road, 62 (build) a 160-meter-long solar road in the city of Jinan. It has the ability of heating up 63 (keep) the highway clear of snow and ice and is able to 64 (wireless) charge electric vehicles. The new solar highway as well as the supporting facilities 65 (expect) to one day be equipped with the same features. 【答案】 56．roofs 57．that 58．lying 59．into 60．them 61．a 62．built 63．to keep 64．wirelessly 65．is expected 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太阳能公路，包括其构造、功能以及中国在太阳能公路方面的实践和未来展望。 【详解】56．考查名词复数。句意：建筑物的窗户和屋顶并不是唯一可以用来产生太阳能的表面。roof(屋顶)是可数名词，与名词“Windows”并列作主语，应用复数形式，表泛指。故填roofs。 57．考查定语从句。句意：建筑物的窗户和屋顶并不是唯一可以用来产生太阳能的表面。“__2__can be used to produce solar power”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词surfaces，指物，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，且先行词前有only修饰，只能使用关系代词that引导该从句。故填that。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：这条太阳能公路位于济南市高速公路上，全长2公里，分为三层。“(lie) on the Jinan City Expressway”作后置定语，lie(位于，坐落在)用非谓语动词形式，与其逻辑主语road之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式，表主动。故填lying。 59．考查介词。句意：这条太阳能公路位于济南市高速公路上，全长2公里，分为三层。divide...into...是固定搭配，意为“把……分成……”，句中使用了其被动语态be divided into。故填into。 60．考查代词。句意：在太阳能电池板下面是一层将它们与潮湿的地面隔开的物质。提示词作宾语，用宾格代词them。故填them。 61．考查冠词。句意：道路本身已经完工，现在只需要连接年底前完工的电网。a matter of...是固定短语，意为“……的问题”。故填a。 62．考查动词时态。句意：今年早些时候，同样负责济南高速公路太阳能公路的齐鲁交通发展集团在济南市修建了一条160米长的太阳能公路。build(修建)是句中谓语动词，与主语The Qilu Transportation Development Group之间是主动关系，根据时间状语“Earlier this year”可知，句子讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时态。故填built。 63．考查非谓语动词。句意：它能够加热以保持公路没有冰雪，并且能够为电动汽车无线充电。“(keep) the highway clear of snow and ice”是“heating up”的目的，用不定式短语，作目的状语。故填to keep。 64．考查副词。句意：它能够加热以保持公路没有冰雪，并且能够为电动汽车无线充电。提示词修饰动词charge，应用副词wirelessly作状语，意为“无线地”。故填wirelessly。 65．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：新的太阳能公路以及配套设施预计有一天将具备同样的功能。expect(预计)是句中谓语动词，与主语The new solar highway as well as the supporting facilities之间是被动关系，陈述现在事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因“as well as”连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语在数上保持一致，本句中与The new solar highway一致，用单数形式。故填is expected。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）上周五你校组织学生去自然灾害体验馆参加了一次活动，学生们戴上VR眼镜，如临其境地体验了各种自然灾害。请你为校微信公众号写一篇英文新闻稿，内容包括： 1. 活动目的；2. 活动过程；3. 活动反响。 提示词：自然灾害体验馆（Natural Disaster Experience Hall） 注意：写作词数应为120左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 To help students learn more about natural disasters, our school organized an activity in the Natural Disaster Experience Hall last Friday. During the activity, students learned some basic ways to deal with different natural disasters. They were also exposed to VR environment where they deeply felt the strength and danger of natural disasters. Compared to the knowledge they had learned in class, what they experienced in person was more practical and impressive. Undoubtedly, the students had their survival skills boosted and they were deeply convinced of the importance of staying in harmony with nature. This activity turned out an enormous success and all the participants spoke highly of it. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生就学校组织的自然灾害体验馆参观活动，给校微信公众号写一篇英文新闻稿，应首先点明活动目的，再详述活动过程，最后总结活动反响。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 基础的：basic→fundamental, primary 处理：deal with→cope with, manage, tackle 体会：feel→experience, undergo 赞扬：speak highly of→commend, applaud, compliment 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To help students learn more about natural disasters, our school organized an activity in the Natural Disaster Experience Hall last Friday. 拓展句：Our school organized an activity in the Natural Disaster Experience Hall last Friday so that students could learn more about natural disasters. 【点睛】[高分句型1] They were also exposed to VR environment where they deeply felt the strength and danger of natural disasters. (运用了where引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Compared to the knowledge they had learned in class, what they experienced in person was more practical and impressive. (运用了过去分词Compared作状语、which或that引导限制性定语从句并被省略、what引导主语从句) 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A sudden shake made Anna White awake. Rubbing her eyes, she noticed the vase on the corner table shaking. It was just going to fall from the corner, but she managed to catch it just in time. Then she realized that it must be an earthquake. She rushed downstairs to look for her parents and brother. But everyone was sleeping soundly as it was just 3 in the morning. She screamed, “MOM! DAD! CHASE!” Her heart pounded as the quake continued. She knew what was happening, but what should she do? “CHASE ...!” she called her elder brother Chase again. Chase had got up and was on the stairs. He was very scared when he felt the stairs shaking. He was about to fall on the stairs but quickly grabbed the railing (扶手)for support. “What was that?” he asked and looked towards Anna who was sitting under a table in the dining room and he quickly joined her. Their mother, Lisa, soon appeared in the dining room. She’d felt the shaking from her room. Realizing it was an earthquake, she quickly came under the table with them and asked Chase and Anna if they were OK. Her eyes stared nervously at the door. “Where’s Dad?” Chase asked after a moment, his voice tense. Anna’s stomach tightened with worry. They knew their father, a doctor, was often called away for emergency cases, sometimes even at night. Lisa hesitated, her voice trembling, “He went on an emergency call ... We just need to stay safe. Dad will be fine. Don’t worry about him.” Tears welled in her eyes as the weight of the situation sank in. The idea of him being out there, in the middle of an earthquake, was terrifying. Suddenly, a loud crash came from the building next door. Through the window, they saw a nearby building shaking violently, sending clouds of dust into the air. “This is too dangerous,” Chase said, glancing around. Without another word, they grabbed each other’s hands and ran out of the building. Paragraph 1: They managed to arrive at the street and saw a scene in chaos. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: In the middle of the rescue workers, Anna spotted a familiar face-her father. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: They managed to arrive at the street and saw a scene in chaos. People were rushing past, many with faces pale with fear, while others were helping those who had fallen or were injured. A young man was supporting an elderly man, and a woman was comforting a child who was crying. Despite the panic and chaos, there was a sense of unity-neighbors helping neighbors, strangers offering assistance. Anna noticed volunteers and rescue workers pushing through the crowd, and found comfort in these small acts of kindness - a brief glimmer of hope in the chaos. Paragraph 2: In the middle of the rescue workers, Anna spotted a familiar face - her father. He was helping an injured man, his medical bag open beside him. “Dad!” she shouted, running toward him. He looked up, his face covered in dust, but his expression calm and focused.“ Stay back and keep safe,” he said, gently guiding Anna and her family to safety.“ I ‘ m helping these people. We need to stay away from the worst - hit areas.” Anna ‘ s heart swelled with relief and pride as she watched the surrounding people. Though the world around them seemed to fall apart, Anna knew they would survive the disaster with love. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了凌晨3点地震发生，安娜·怀特惊醒了。哥哥蔡斯和母亲拉起安娜爬出大楼，设法赶到了街上，看到了一片混乱的景象。最终安娜看到了父亲的脸，他正在帮助一个受伤的人，安娜看着周围的人，心里充满了宽慰和自豪。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他们设法赶到了街上，看到了一片混乱的景象。”可知，第一段可描写地震后的场景以及志愿者和救援人员提供帮助。 ②由第二段首句内容“在救援人员中间，安娜看到了一张熟悉的脸——她的父亲”可知，第二段可描写安娜看到父亲以后感到宽慰和自豪。 2.续写线索：赶到街上——一片混乱——团结在一起——看到父亲——感到宽慰和自豪 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①哭泣：cry/weep ②提供：offer/provide ③注意到：notice/take notice of 情绪类 ①专注：focused/intent ②宽慰：relief/ease 【点睛】[高分句型1] A young man was supporting an elderly man, and a woman was comforting a child who was crying.（运用了who引导定语从句） [高分句型2] Though the world around them seemed to fall apart, Anna knew they would survive the disaster with love.（运用了though引导让步状语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $