内容正文:
Unit 4 Body Language 自测默写单与巩固练习
一、词性转换
1. interact (vi.) ➟ ________ (n.) 交流
2. rely (vi.) ➟ ________ (adj.) 可靠的
3. anger (n./vt.) ➟ ________ (adj.) 生气的
4. vary (vi.) ➟ ________ (adj.) 各种各样 ➟ ________ (n.) 种类
5. approve (vi./vt.) ➟ ________ (n.) 认可 ➟ ________ (v.) 不赞成
6. differ (vi.) ➟ ________ (adj.) 不同 ➟ ________ (n.) 差异 ➟ ________ (adv.) 不同地
7. employ (vt.) ➟ ________ (n.) 雇佣
8. interpret (vt.) ➟ ________ (n.) 口译员
9. slight (adj.) ➟ ________ (adv.) 略微
10. assess (v.) ➟ ________ (n.) 评价
11. educate (v.) ➟ ________ (n.) 教育者
12. low (adj.) ➟ ________ (vt./adj.) 降低
13. embarrass (v.) ➟ ________ (adj.) 尴尬的
14. shame (n.) ➟ ________ (adj.) 羞愧的
15. inquire (vi.&vt.) ➟ ________ (n.) 询问
16. ultimate (adj.) ➟ ________ (adv.) 最终
17. adjust (vt.) ➟ ________ (n.) 调整
18. react (vi.) ➟ ________ (n.) 反应
19. tend (v.) ➟ ________ (n.) 趋势
二、短语
1. 相比之下 ____________
2. 相比较 ____________
3. 调查;窥视 ____________
4. 推理 ____________
5. 出故障;分解 ____________
6. 挺直;整理 ____________
7. 换句话说 ____________
8. 起作用 ____________
9. 拜访;号召 ____________
10. 与某人互动 ____________
11. 在……之间变化 ____________
12. 适合 ____________
13. 赞同 ____________
14. 把……理解为 ____________
15. 通过;度过 ____________
16. 发生 ____________
17. 在某人脑海中 ____________
18. 向上看;查阅 ____________
19. 向前倾斜 ____________
20. 好像 ____________
21. 盯着……看 ____________
22. 费心做某事 ____________
23. 与某人有冲突 ____________
24. 对……做出反应 ____________
三、重点单词
1. vary (vi.) ________
2. approve (vi./vt.) ________
3. witness (vt./n.) ________
4. differ (vi.) ________
5. favour (vt./n.) ________
6. break down ________
7. reliable (adj.) ________
8. bend (vt.&vi.) ________
9. tendency (n.) ________
四、语法填空
第一篇
Your body language will give out a lot more information. 1.______(base) on your body language it can be seen whether you are selfconfident.It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give 2.______ impression of whether you are speaking 3.______(truthful) or not.Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person,who 4.______(take) the work seriously,or who has a sense of burnout,and can enjoy a joke from time 5.______ time.The members of the application committee will ask you some questions, 6.______ your answers won’t only be oral.The committee will not only pay attention to 7.______ you say,but also to how you say it!Body language will determine first if it “clicks”,and sometimes all it takes is just a few 8.______(second).Everybody 9.______(use) body language,but it takes place mostly at a subconscious(下意识的) level.Using body language appropriately,you can certainly increase your chances of 10.______(get) a job.
第二篇
Listening to how bodies talk
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our 1 .______ (interact) with other people. We can learn a lot about what people are thinking by watching their body language. Words are important, but the way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.
Just like spoken language, body language 2. ______ (vary) from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using body language in a way 3 .______ is appropriate to the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact — looking into someone’s eyes — in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, 4. ______ contrast, eye contact is not always approved of. For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not socially permitted to make eye contact. In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person 5 .______ (employ) the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. 6. ______, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” differ around the world. In many countries, shaking one’s head means “no”, and nodding means “yes”. By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning. There are also 7 .______ (differ) in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part. In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on the cheek when they meet. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, 8. ______ (bow) from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else.
Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”. A good way of saying “I am full” is moving your hand in circles over your stomach after a meal.
Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the best example is smiling. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers. A smile can break 9. ______ barriers. We can use a smile to apologise, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger. And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than 10 .______ (see) the smiling face of a good friend.
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Unit 4 答案
一、词性转换
1. interaction
2. reliable
3. angry
4. various;variety
5. approval;disapprove
6. different;difference;differently
7. employment
8. interpreter
9. slightly
10. assessment
11. educator
12. lower
13. embarrassed
14. ashamed
15. inquiry
16. ultimately
17. adjustment
18. reaction
19. tendency
二、短语
1. by contrast
2. by comparison
3. look into
4. make inferences
5. break down
6. straighten up
7. in other words
8. at work
9. call on
10. interaction with sb.
11. vary from...to...
12. be appropriate to
13. approve of
14. interpret...as
15. get through
16. go on
17. in one’s mind
18. look up
19. lean forward
20. as though
21. stare at...
22. bother to do sth.
23. have conflicts with sb.
24. react to...
三、单词释义
1. 变化;改变
2. 赞成;批准
3. 目击;目击者
4. 不同于;相异
5. 偏爱;恩惠
6. 分解;出故障
7. 可靠的
8. 弯曲;倾斜
9. 趋势;倾向
四、语法填空
第一篇
1.Based
2.an
3.truthfully
4.takes
5.to
6.but
7.what
8.seconds
9.uses
10.getting
第二篇
1. interactions 2. varies 3. that 4. by 5. employing 6. However 7. differences 8. bowing 9. down 10. seeing
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Unit 4 Body Language 知识清单
一、词性转换
1. interact (vi.) 相互作用;相互影响 ➟ interaction (n.) 交流;相互影响
2. rely (vi.) 依赖;依靠 ➟ reliable (adj.) 可靠的;可信赖的
3. anger (n.) 愤怒;怒气 ➟ angry (adj.) 生气的;恼火的
4. vary (vi.) 变化;改变 ➟ various (adj.) 不同的;各种各样的 ➟ variety (n.) 变化;品种;种类
5. approve (vi.) 赞成;同意 ➟ approval (n.) 赞成;认可;批准 ➟ disapprove (v.) 不赞成
6. differ (vi.) 相异;不同于 ➟ different (adj.) 不同的;与众不同的 ➟ difference (n.) 差异;区别 ➟ differently (adv.) 不同地
7. employ (vt.) 使用;应用;雇用 ➟ employment (n.) 使用;雇用
8. interpret (vt.) 理解;解释 / (vi.&vt.) 口译 ➟ interpreter (n.) 口译人员;口译者
9. slight (adj.) 轻微的;略微的;细小的 ➟ slightly (adv.) 略微;稍微
10. nonverbal (adj.) 不涉及言语的;非言语的 ➟ verbal (adj.) 言语的
11. assess (v.) 评估;评价 ➟ assessment (n.) 评定;评价
12. educate (v.) 教育;教导;训练 ➟ educator (n.) 教师;教育工作者;教育家
13. low (adj.) 低的;浅的 ➟ lower (vt.) 把......放低;降低;减少 / (adj.) 下方的;较小的
14. embarrass (v.) 使难堪;使尴尬 ➟ embarrassed (adj.) 难堪的;尴尬的
15. shame (n.) 羞愧;惭愧 ➟ ashamed (adj.) 羞愧的;惭愧的
16. inquire (vi.&vt.) 询问;打听 ➟ inquiry (n.) 调查;询问
17. ultimate (adj.) 最终的;最后的 ➟ ultimately (adv.) 最终;最后
18. adjust (vt.) 调整;调节 / (vi.&vt.) 适应;(使)习惯 ➟ adjustment (n.) 调整;调节
19. react (vi.) 起反应;回应;有不良反应 ➟ reaction (n.) 反应;回应
20. tend (vt.) 往往会 / (vi.) 趋向 / (vi.&vt.) 照管;护理 ➟ tendency (n.) 趋势;倾向
二、一词多义
1. contrast
(n.) 差异;对照物 / (vi.&vt.) 形成对照;形成对比
① Today's work is quite a contrast to what you did yesterday. (n. 对照物)
② He contrasted the two different economic systems in his speech. (vt. 对照;对比)
③ This white peak contrasts finely with the blue sky. (vi. 形成对照;形成对比)
2. witness
(vt.) 当场看到;目击;见证 / (n.) 目击者;证人
① She was a witness of the incident. (n. 目击者;证人)
② No one could witness that he was present. (vt. 见证)
③ A carpenter was giving evidence about an accident he had witnessed. (vt. 当场看到;目击)
3. favour
(vt.) 较喜欢;选择;有利于 / (n.) 帮助;恩惠;赞同
① I hate asking favours of people. (n. 帮助;恩惠)
② The teacher favours serious students. (vt. 较喜欢)
③ Hot climate and plentiful rainfall favour the growth of plants. (vt. 有利于)
4. anger
(n.) 怒气;愤怒 / (vt.) 使生气;激怒
① His impolite words angered his teacher. (vt. 使生气;激怒)
② Though he felt his anger mounting, he kept perfect control of himself. (n. 怒气;愤怒)
三、重点单词
1. vary (vi.) (根据情况)变化;改变
(1) vary in sth. 在某方面不同
(2) vary with sth. 随……而变化
(3) vary between...and...=vary from...to... 由……到……情况不等
2. approve (vi.) 赞成;同意 / (vt.) 批准;通过
(1) approve of 赞成;同意
(2) approve of sb./sb.'s (doing) sth. 同意某人(做)某事
3. witness (vt.) 当场看到;目击;见证 / (n.) 目击者;证人
(1)动词用法搭配
① witness sth. 目击了某事
② witness to (doing) sth. 证实,证明(做)某事
③ witness for 为……作证
(2)名词固定搭配
① be a witness to sth. 是某事的证据/证人
② bear/give witness to 做……的证人;为……作证
经典例句
① The driver witnessed to having seen the man enter the building. 司机作证说,他看到此人进入那栋大楼。
② These facts are a witness to his carelessness. 这些事实证明了他的粗心。
③ The witness who witnessed the incident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness. 这个目击了这起事故的目击者向警察提交了证据并且答应做证人。
4. differ (vi.) 不同于;相异
(1) differ from... 与……不同/有区别
(2) differ in... 在……方面不同
(3) differ with sb. on/about/over sth. 与某人在某事上持不同看法
语段应用:Learners with different cultural backgrounds differ a lot in their thinking patterns and learning styles. The difference can be investigated and explained. 不同文化背景的学习者在思维模式和学习风格上有很大的不同,这种差异可以被研究和解释。
5. favour (vt.) 较喜欢;选择;有利于 / (n.) 帮助;恩惠;赞同
(1) do sb. a favour=do a favour for sb. 帮某人的忙
(2) ask sb. for a favour=ask a favour of sb. 请求某人帮忙
(3) in favour of... 支持……
(4) in one's favour 对某人有利
6. break down 短语动词 消除;分解;打破;(机器)出故障
同根break短语拓展
(1) break away from 脱离;摆脱;挣脱;打破陈规
(2) break in 闯入;强行进入
(3) break out 突然发生;爆发(不用于被动语态)
(4) break up 打碎;分裂;解体;解散
7. reliable (adj.) 可信赖的;可靠的
(1) a reliable friend 可靠的朋友
(2) be reliable as 作为……是可靠的
拓展:rely (v.) 信任;信赖;依赖;依靠
① rely on/upon 依靠;依赖
② rely on it that... 相信……
语段应用
The land, the essential means of production, is the most reliable living security that the peasants can rely on. 土地作为基本的生产资料,是农民可以依赖的最可靠的生活保障。
8. bend (vt.&vi.) (bent, bent) (使)弯曲;倾斜;偏向
(1) bend the truth 扭曲事理;歪曲事实
(2) bend one’s mind/efforts to sth. 致力于某事;专心致志
9. tendency (n.) 趋势;倾向
(1) a tendency (for sb./sth.) to do ... (某人/某物)有做……的倾向
(2) a tendency to/towards ... ……的倾向
四、重点短语
1. by contrast 相比之下
2. by comparison 与......相比较
3. look into 窥视;调查;过问
4. make inferences 推断;推论
5. break down 消除;分解;打破;出故障
6. straighten up 直起来,挺直;整理,收拾整齐
7. in other words 换句话说;也就是说
8. at work 有某种影响;起某种作用
9. call on 短暂访问(某人);号召;请求,邀请
10. interaction with sb. 与某人互动
11. vary from...to... 在......到......之间变化
12. be appropriate to 对......适合
13. approve of 赞同
14. interpret...as 把......理解为
15. get through 通过;度过
16. go on 发生
17. in one’s mind 在某人的脑海中
18. look up 向上看;查阅
19. lean forward 向前倾斜
20. as though 好像
21. stare at... 盯着......看
22. bother to do sth. 费心地做某事
23. have conflicts with sb. 与某人有冲突
24. react to... 对......做出反应
五、重点句式
1.不定式短语作后置定语
(教材P38)For example, making eye contact—looking into someone's eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest.
例如,在一些国家,进行眼神交流——直视某人的眼睛——是表现出兴趣的一种方式。
句式分析:不定式短语to display interest作后置定语,修饰a way。
[例1] The meetings were a way to get acquainted with each other.
这些会议是一种相互结交的途径。
[例2] The best way to deal with a tease is to ignore him.
对付爱捉弄人的人的最佳方法就是不搭理他。
[知识拓展](1)在the first, the second, the last, the next, the only等词和形容词最高级后或在被这些词修饰的名词/代词后,常用不定式作定语。
(2)在time, way, chance, ability, promise等抽象名词后,常用不定式作定语。
2.when doing...省略状语从句
(教材P38)In Japan, it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.
在日本,当你和年长的人说话时,低头可能是对长辈的尊重。
句式分析:句中when talking to an older person是一个省略句,补全后为:when you are talking to an older person。
[例1] When seeing the naughty child, the teacher sympathized to his mother.
当看到那个淘气的孩子时,老师对他的母亲表示很同情。
[例2] I kept a diary every day while (I was)travelling.
在那次旅行期间,我每天都写日记。
[知识拓展]当when,while,before,after,unless,as if,if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it,且从句谓语中含有be动词时,可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
3.比较级的否定形式表示最高级含义
(教材P39)And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
如果我们感到沮丧或孤独,没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
句式分析:句中nothing better than是比较级的否定形式表示最高级的含义。
[例1] Personally, she would like nothing better than to accept this invitation.
就她个人来说,她巴不得接受这次邀请。
[例2] Peter likes nothing better than going to the coast and messing about in his boat.
彼得最喜欢去海边,毫无目的地让船在海中漂荡。
[知识拓展]最高级意义的多种表达法:
(1)否定词 +形容词/副词比较级( +than)
(2)否定词 +so/as +形容词/副词原级 +as
(3)比较级 + than +all the other +名词复数/the other +名词复数/any other +名词单数/any of the other +名词复数/anything/anyone else
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