Unit 4 Friends forever（重难词汇精练）英语外研版必修第一册

**基本信息** 该专项聚焦“Friends forever”单元重难词汇，构建“基础积累-语境应用”递进训练体系，强化词汇在不同语言情境中的精准运用，提升语言能力与学习能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|重点单词30词、词性转换26组、核心短语20个、单词拼写20题、完成句子10题、单句语法填空10题|词汇记忆与基础应用结合，覆盖音形义、词性转换及固定搭配|从词汇基本属性（音形义）到派生转换（词性变化），再到搭配运用（短语及句式），形成词汇认知链| |词汇语境练|语法填空1篇、阅读理解1篇、完形填空1篇|语篇层面词汇综合运用，融合语法、阅读与完形题型|从单句词汇应用过渡到语篇语境理解，实现词汇从孤立记忆到情境化运用的迁移，培养语言综合运用能力|

Unit 4 Friends forever重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 2 三、核心短语 3 四、单词拼写 3 五、完成句子 6 六、单句语法填空 8 02 词汇语境练 9 一、语法填空 9 二、阅读理解 11 三、完形填空 12 一、重点单词 1.familiar adj. 熟悉的 2.adventure n. 历险经历；奇遇 3.prefer v. 更喜欢 4.click v./n. 点击（鼠标） 5.deliver v. 递送；传送 6.advance n. 进步；进展 7.significantly adv. 重大地；显著地 8.maintain v. 维持；保持 9.digital adj. 数字的；数码的 10.enable v. 使可能，使发生 11.unusual adj. 异常的，不平常的 12.site n. 网站 13.tend v. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事 14.update n. 最新消息 15.acquire v. 获得；得到 16.goods n. 商品 17.prove v. 证明；证实 18.illustrate v. 说明；阐明 19.diagram n./v. 图解；示意图 20.inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的 21.teenager n. 青少年；十几岁的孩子 22.quality n. 素质，品德 23.anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的 24.postpone v. 使（事件、行动等）推迟；延期 25.distance v. 使与…… 保持距离，撇清和…… 的关系 26.ordinary adj. 普通的；平常的 27.partner n. 伙伴；搭档 28.scene n. 场景 29.location n. 位置；地点 30.personality n. 个性；性格 二、词性转换 1. prefer v. 更喜欢→preference n. 偏爱；优先权 2. deliver v. 递送，传送→delivery n. 传递，递送 3. advance n. 进步；进展→advanced adj. 先进的；高级的 4. significantly adv. 重大地；显著地→significant adj. 重大的；显著的→significance n. 意义；重要性 5. enable v. 使可能；使发生→able adj. 能干的；有能力的 6. unusual adj. 异常的；不平常的→usual adj. 寻常的 7. tend v. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事→tendency n. 趋势；趋向 8. illustrate v. (举例) 说明，阐明→illustration n. 说明；例证；图解 9. prove v. 证明，证实→proof n. 证明；证据 10. inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的→inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事 11. comfort n. 安慰，慰藉→comfortable adj. 舒适的，舒服的 12. patience n. 耐心→patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人→patiently adv. 耐心地 13. passion n. 强烈的情感，激情→passionate adj. 热诚的；狂热的 14. generosity n. 慷慨，大方→generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的→generously adv. 慷慨地，大方地 15. humour n. 幽默感→humorous adj. 幽默的 16. anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的→anxiously adv. 焦虑地，不安地→anxiety n. 焦虑，不安 17. distance v. 使…… 保持距离，撇清和…… 的关系 n. 距离→distant adj. 遥远的 18. fortune n. 大笔的钱，巨款→fortunate adj. 幸运的→fortunately adv. 幸运地→unfortunate adj. 不幸的 19. correspond v. 通信→correspondence n. 通信，联系；相关 20. appointed adj. 约定的，指定的→appoint v. 约定；任命→appointment n. 约会；任命 21. bitterly adv. 痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj. 苦的；愤愤不平的 22. unfold v. (卷着的东西) 展开，打开→fold v. 折叠；合拢 23. location n. 地点，位置→locate v. 位于；确定…… 的位置 24. surroundings n. 周围的事物，环境→surround vt. 包围；围绕→surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的 25. personality n. 个性；性格→personal adj. 个人的；私人的 26. adventure n. 历险 (经历)，奇遇→adventurous adj. 爱冒险的；大胆的；充满危险的 三、核心短语 1.与…… 失去联系 lose track of 2.多亏 thanks to 3.与…… 保持联系 stay in touch with 4.记住 keep in mind 5.把…… 与…… 联系起来 connect... with... 6.忙于 be up to 7.不分良莠一起抛弃 throw the baby out with the bathwater 8.值得 be worth it 9.发财 make one's fortune 10.应该 ought to 11.制定 work out 12.收到…… 的来信 hear from 13.出现 turn up 14.倾向于做某事 tend to 15.提前 in advance 16.与某人沟通 communicate with sb. 17.面对面 face to face 18.质量好 / 高 / 低的 be of good/high/low quality 19.耐心地 with patience＝patiently 20.为某事担心 / 担忧 be anxious about sth. 四、单词拼写 1．Every week goes by with some __________ (进展) in technology. 【答案】advances 【解析】句意：每周都有一些技术进步。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词advance“进展”，可作可数名词，根据some可知，该名词用复数形式。 2．Growing up in clean and respectful s________ (环境), where people follow rules and care for others, helps teenagers develop good habits naturally. 【答案】surroundings/urroundings 【解析】句意：在干净、有礼貌的环境中长大，人们遵守规则并关心他人，有助于青少年自然而然地养成良好的习惯。根据首字母s可知，此处表示“环境”应用名词surroundings作宾语，特指人生活成长所处的周边环境，习惯用复数形式。 3．Readers of the magazine said they wanted more stories about o______ people and fewer stories about the rich and famous. 【答案】ordinary/rdinary 【解析】考查形容词。句意：该杂志的读者说，他们想要更多关于普通人的故事，而不是关于富人和名人的故事。people为名词需要形容词修饰，故填ordinary。 4．One student replied that she ________ (更喜爱) literature to social science. 【答案】preferred 【解析】句意：一名学生回答说，比起社会科学，她更喜欢文学。空处是宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语replied可知，主句为一般过去时，宾语从句也要用一般过去时；根据中文提示“更喜欢”可知，此处应填动词prefer的过去式preferred。 5．They __________ (推迟) going to the beach due to the heavy rain. 【答案】postponed 【解析】句意：由于大雨，他们推迟了去海滩的行程。根据汉语提示“推迟”可知，空处用动词postpone，句子描述过去发生的动作，时态用一般过去时，动词使用过去式postponed。 6．To help students better understand the biological knowledge, the teacher used a set of vivid pictures to i________ how plants absorbed water from the wet soil. 【答案】illustrate/llustrate 【解析】句意：为帮助学生更好地理解生物知识，老师使用一组生动的图片说明植物如何从湿润土壤中吸收水分。根据首字母i以及语境可知，用动词illustrate“说明”；不定式符号to后，用动词原形。 7．The restaurant aims to d________ (递送) fresh meals to its customers within thirty minutes. 【答案】deliver/eliver 【解析】句意：这家餐厅的目标是在三十分钟内将新鲜餐食配送给顾客。空处在不定式符号to之后，应用动词原形；根据中文提示“递送”及首字母“d”可知，此处应填动词原形deliver。 8．The knowledge you a________ (获得) in high school will be invaluable in the real world. 【答案】acquire/cquire/attain/ttain 【解析】句意：你在高中获得的知识在现实生活中将无比珍贵。根据中文提示“获得”、从句主语“you”、主句谓语“will be”以及首字母提示可知，此处可填动词acquire或attain，此处描述客观事实用一般现在时。 9．We can use words, such as nice, young, kind or happy, to describe people’s q________. 【答案】qualities/ualities 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们可以使用很好、年轻、快乐来形容人们的诸多品质。题干中提到了很多描述人们品质的例子，因此品质要使用复数形式。故填qualities。 10．The house looked strangely __________ (熟悉的), though she knew she’d never been there before. 【答案】familiar 【解析】句意：这所房子看起来很熟悉，尽管她知道她以前从未去过那里。根据汉语提示“熟悉的”和空格前的系动词looked可知，空格处应该用形容词familiar作表语。 11．Users can write, edit, send and receive messages at the c________ of a mouse. 【答案】click/lick 【解析】句意：用户只需点击一下鼠标，就可以撰写、编辑、发送和接收信息。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处应填名词click“点击”，at the click of a mouse意为“点击一下鼠标，轻而易举地”。 12．There will be an a___________ (忧虑不安的) moment when the testing result finally comes out. 【答案】anxious/nxious 【解析】句意：当测试结果最终出来的时候，会有一个焦虑的时刻。空格处作定语，修饰下文的名词moment，根据首字母a和汉语提示“忧虑不安的”可知，此处应该用形容词anxious。 13．This key will ________ (使……能够) you to open the door. 【答案】enable 【解析】句意：这把钥匙可以让你打开门。根据汉语提示可知用动词enable，will后接动词原形。 14．By the time the police came on the s________ (现场， 场景), it was all over. 【答案】scene/cene 【解析】句意：警察来到时，一切都结束了。on the scene意为“出现，到场，在场”，故用scene。 15．Kids receive red envelopes for good f________ in Chinese New Year. 【答案】fortune/ortune 【解析】句意：孩子们在春节会收到红包以求好运。空处作介词for的宾语，结合句意和首字母可知，名词fortune“运气”符合题意，不可数。 16．Teaching children with special needs requires p_______ and understanding. 【答案】patience/atience 【解析】考查名词。patience耐心。句意：教有特殊需要的孩子需要耐心和理解。故填patience。 17．The articles on the websites are u________ every a certain time. 【答案】updated/pdated 【解析】句意：网站上的文章每隔一段时间更新一次。空处和are构成谓语，结合“every a certain time”和首字母提示可推知，动词update“更新”符合题意，且update和主语articles之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，表示“每隔一段时间更新一次”。 18．There are a lot of amazing ________(冒险) to have and places to see in the world. 【答案】adventures   【解析】考查名词。句意：世界上有很多不可思议的冒险和地方要去体验和观看。a lot of修饰可数名词复数，故填adventures。 19．D____________ learning allows you to study wherever you are, arranging(安排) your studies around your work or family life. 【答案】distance/istance 【解析】句意：远程学习可以让你在任何地方学习，围绕工作或家庭生活安排学习。结合句意可知答案为distance。 20．Starting a business is difficult, for it needs hard work, dedication, p________ (激情) and an unshakable belief in yourself. 【答案】passion/assion 【解析】句意：创业是一件艰难的事，因为它需要付出辛勤努力、全身心投入、满怀激情，以及坚定不移的自我信念。根据汉语提示“激情”和首字母可知，此处为名词passion，作宾语。 五、完成句子 21．We live in _________________________________(一个充满冒险的世界), so if you’re looking for an exciting vacation, there are more options than you can count. 【答案】a world full of adventure/filled with adventure 【解析】句意：我们生活在一个充满冒险的世界，所以如果你在寻找一个令人兴奋的假期，有太多的选择。a world full of adventure/filled with adventure“一个充满冒险的世界”。故填a world full of adventure/filled with adventure。 22．A virtual choir helps connect ________ ________ (普通人) together. 【答案】 ordinary people 【解析】句意：虚拟合唱团帮助把普通人联结在一起。设空处作connect宾语，“普通”用形容词ordinary，作定语修饰名词“人”，“人”在句中表复数含义，用名词people。 23．I wonder what the children are ___________________ when their parents are not at home. (正在做，忙于) 【答案】up to 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我想知道当父母不在家时孩子们在忙什么。根据汉语提示“正在做，忙于”可知，此处为固定短语be up to，表示“正在做，忙于”，空前已有be动词are，空处应填up to。故填up to。 24．We should try to _____________________________ our old friends even after graduation. (与…… 保持联系) 【答案】stay in touch with 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：即使毕业之后，我们也应该努力与老朋友保持联系。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处可用动词短语stay in touch with“与……保持联系”，符合语境，结合空前to不定式可知，为动词原形。故填stay in touch with。 25．Fortunately, we now know how to prevent choler, ________ ________ (得益于) the work of John Snow. 【答案】 thanks to 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：幸运的是，得益于约翰·斯诺的努力，我们现在知道了怎样防治霍乱。根据汉语提示可知短语为thanks to。故填thanks to。 26．___________________ (事实证明) a young scientist named Will Smith has invented a kind of advanced and intelligent robot.  (it作形式主语) 【答案】It is proved that 【解析】考查固定句型。句意：事实证明，一位名叫威尔·史密斯的年轻科学家发明了一种先进且智能的机器人。根据汉语提示“事实证明”可知，常用固定句型“It is proved that...”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的从句。故填It is proved that。 27．We arranged to meet at 7.30, but she failed to _________ _________ (出现). 【答案】 turn/show up 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：我们约好7点半见面，但她没有出现。根据汉语提示“出现”可以用动词短语是“turn up”或“show up”，接在不定式to后，应用动词原形。故填turn/show up。 28．When we were young, the children ______ cycling to the countryside ______ (喜欢……多于……) staying at home all day. 【答案】 preferred to 【解析】考查时态和短语。句意：我们小时候，孩子们更喜欢骑自行车去乡下，而不是整天待在家里。句中“when we were young”提示句子时态为一般过去时，需用动词过去式。结合汉语提示“喜欢…… 多于……”，为“prefer doing sth to doing sth”，其中“prefer”的过去式为“preferred”。故填preferred；to。 29．I was nervous about ________________ (派送物资) at first, but the warm welcome I received eased my worries. 【答案】delivering goods 【解析】考查非谓语动词及名词搭配。句意：起初我对派送物资感到紧张，但收到的热烈欢迎缓解了我的担忧。根据汉语提示“派送物资”可知，“派送”用动词deliver，“物资”用名词goods，常用复数形式；空前“about”是介词，后接动词需用动名词形式，deliver的动名词为delivering。故填delivering goods。 30．This experience ________________ (允许他证明他的潜力和勇气), ________________(将失败变成了成功的垫脚石). 【答案】 allowed him to prove his potential and courage transforming failure into a stepping stone to success 【解析】考查动词时态和语态，以及非谓语动词。 句意：这次经历允许他证明他的潜力和勇气，将失败变成了成功的垫脚石。 分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词和状语部分。根据句意，第一空中表示的是过去的经历允许他证明了自己的潜力和勇气，应用一般过去时。allow的过去式是allowed，表示“允许”，后面跟双宾语，即allow sb to do sth，意为“允许某人做某事”。potential意为“潜力”，courage意为“勇气”。因此第一空填allowed him to prove his potential and courage。 第二空在句中作状语表示结果，表示“转变……成……”用transform...into...；表示“失败”用failure，表示“成功的垫脚石”用a stepping stone to success。此处逻辑主语this experience和transform之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，表示主动和正在进行或持续的动作。因此第二空填transforming failure into a stepping stone to success。故分别填allowed him to prove his potential and courage；transforming failure into a stepping stone to success。 六、单句语法填空 31．With just a few clicks, you can have food (deliver) to you without leaving home. 【答案】delivered 【解析】句意：只需点击几下，您就能足不出户就将食物送到家中。根据have something done用法，动词deliver在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语food为被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。 32．Mary needn’t have been so (anxiety) about the deadline because she had plenty of time to complete the task. 【答案】anxious 【解析】句意：玛丽本不必为截止日期如此焦虑，因为她有充足时间完成任务。空格被so修饰，作表语，用anxiety的形容词anxious。 33．But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her education. 【答案】to prove 【解析】句意：但莎拉曾与顶级模特一同参加过演出，她希望证明自己不仅有美貌，也有智慧。她决心继续深造。此处为短语want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。 34．When interviewed about their spare time arrangements last month, most office workers (prefer) shorter working days. 【答案】preferred 【解析】句意：上个月在接受关于业余时间安排的采访时，大多数上班族更喜欢更短的工作日。空处是主句谓语动词，根据时间状语“last month”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，prefer的过去式为preferred。 35．All the students felt encouraged by the (inspire) speech given by Jane Goodall. 【答案】inspiring 【解析】inspiring 考查形容词。句意：所有的学生都被Jane Goodall鼓舞人心的演讲所鼓舞。此处修饰指物的speech用-ing形式，指鼓舞人心的演讲，故填inspiring. 36．Only good team work will actually us to get the job done on time. (able) 【答案】enable 【解析】句意：只有良好的团队合作才能使我们按时完成工作。will后接动词原形，able的动词形式是enable，表示“使能够”。 37．To build the house needs as much water as to build the road of this   (distant)． 【答案】distance 【解析】句意：建造这栋房子所需的水量和修建这段距离的道路所需水量一样多。 空格前有指示代词this，后面需要接名词作宾语；distant是形容词，名词形式 distance 表示“距离”。 38．This is one of the (inspiring) speeches I have ever heard in my school life. 【答案】most inspiring 【解析】句意：这是我学生时代听过的最鼓舞人心的演讲之一。 根据“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”​可知，空处需用形容词inspiring​的最高级形式。inspiring为多音节形容词，其最高级需在前面加most，且受定冠词the​修饰。 39．Face-to-face communication is the best way (maintain) healthy friendship. 【答案】to maintain 【解析】句意：面对面交流是维系健康友谊最好的方式。此处为固定结构：the best way to do sth.，意为“做某事最好的方式”，不定式作后置定语修饰way。 40．The picture (illustrate) in this article tells us a meaningful life story. 【答案】illustrated 【解析】句意：这篇文章里展示的这幅图片讲述了一个富有意义的人生故事。此句已有谓语动词tells，空处应填非谓语形式；the picture与illustrate之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，illustrate的过去分词为illustrated。 一、语法填空 （25-26高一上·黑龙江绥化·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tim and I talked a lot about his problems today. It left me thinking about what it really 1 (mean) to be a “good friend”. In my opinion, the following qualities form the basis of a friendship. A good friend needs to be 2 (support). I can see that Tim is having trouble 3 (balance) his project and his schoolwork, and I can see that both are of importance to him. I must respect and support the 4 (choose) he makes. A good friend also needs to be selfless. Tim is someone 5 I should try my best to help, even if it means more work for me. When he’s struggling with his schoolwork, I should do all I can 6 (help) him become a more efficient learner. It’ll take up some of my spare time, but this friendship is worth my extra time and effort. I’m sure that Tim would do 7 same for me. To me, a good friend brings out (激发) the best 8 a person. Through our conversation today, we know that our friendship will grow 9 (strong) than ever. I’ll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure 10 (I) by these standards as our friendship develops. 【答案】 1．means 2．supportive 3．balancing 4．choice/choices 5．whom/who/that 6．to help 7．the 8．in 9．stronger 10．myself 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕“何为好朋友”展开。作者与蒂姆交流后思考，认为好朋友要支持对方选择、无私助人、激发他人潜能，且相信友谊会更深厚，还会以这些标准衡量自己。 【解析】1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：今天我和蒂姆谈了很多他的问题，这让我思考作为一个“好朋友”到底意味着什么。根据“It left me thinking about”可知，此处描述的是现在的想法，应用一般现在时；what引导的宾语从句中，it作主语，为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 2．考查形容词。句意：一个好朋友需要是有支持力的。be动词后应跟形容词作表语，support的形容词形式为supportive，意为“支持的，有支持力的”。故填supportive。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我能看出蒂姆在平衡他的项目和学业上有困难，而且我能看出这两者对他都很重要。have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，所以此处应用动名词形式。故填balancing。 4．考查名词。句意：我必须尊重和支持他做出的选择。定冠词the后应跟名词，choose的名词形式为choice，意为“选择”，此处表示他做出的选择，可以用单数形式choice，也可以用复数形式choices表示多种选择。故填choice/choices。 5．考查定语从句。句意：蒂姆是我应该尽力帮助的人，即使这意味着我要做更多的工作。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为someone，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，所以可以用关系代词whom/who/that引导。故填whom/who/that。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：当他在学业上挣扎时，我应该尽我所能帮助他成为一个更高效的学习者。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了帮助他成为一个更高效的学习者”。故填to help。 7．考查冠词。句意：我相信蒂姆也会为我做同样的事。same前通常要加定冠词the，表示“同样的事”。故填the。 8．考查介词。句意：对我来说，一个好朋友能激发出一个人最好的一面。bring out the best in sb.为固定短语，意为“激发出某人最好的一面”。故填in。 9．考查形容词比较级。句意：通过今天的谈话，我们知道我们的友谊会比以往任何时候都更加牢固。根据than可知，此处应用形容词比较级形式，strong的比较级为stronger。故填stronger。 10．考查代词。句意：我将永远珍视一个好朋友的这些品质，并随着我们友谊的发展，努力用这些标准来衡量自己。根据句意可知，此处表示“衡量自己”，应用反身代词myself作宾语。故填myself。 二、阅读理解 （25-26高一上·甘肃武威·期末）Friendship is one of the most precious things in our life. Everyone needs friends, especially when we are in trouble. A true friend can bring us joy, give us support, and help us grow. But what is true friendship? And why is it so important? True friendship is not about being together all the time or giving expensive gifts. It is about trust and understanding. When you are happy, a true friend will share your joy; when you are sad, he or she will comfort you. When you make a mistake, a true friend will point it out and help you correct it, instead of ignoring it or laughing at you. For example, if you fail an exam, a true friend will not only encourage you but also help you analyze the reasons for failure and make a study plan. True friendship is also about mutual respect. Friends should respect each other’s hobbies, opinions, and choices. You don’t have to agree with everything your friend says, but you should listen to their ideas patiently. If you have different opinions, you can discuss them peacefully instead of having a quarrel. Why is true friendship so important? First, true friendship can make us feel warm and not lonely. In our daily life, we may face many difficulties and challenges. With the support of a true friend, we can have more courage to overcome them. Second, true friendship can help us improve ourselves. A good friend can influence us in a positive way, making us more confident and responsible. However, true friendship is not easy to get. It requires time and effort to develop. We should be honest to our friends, care about them, and be willing to help them when they need it. We should also learn to forgive their small mistakes, because no one is perfect. In conclusion, true friendship is invaluable. It is worth cherishing with all our heart. With true friends by our side, our life will be more colorful and meaningful. 11．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to make many friends B．The value and characteristics of true friendship C．Friends should give expensive gifts D．It’s easy to get true friendship 12．What is the author’s attitude towards true friendship? A．It’s precious and worth cherishing B．It’s useless and unimportant C．It’s difficult to get so we don’t need it D．It’s only needed when we are in trouble 13．What can we infer from the passage? A．True friends must be together all the time B．True friends will ignore your mistakes C．A good friend can help you become better D．You should agree with everything your friend says 14．Which of the following is a characteristic of true friendship? A．Laughing at friends’ mistakes B．Not listening to friends’ ideas C．Respecting each other’s choices D．Being together all the time 【答案】11．B 12．A 13．C 14．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了真正友谊的特点，指出真正的友谊不在于时刻相伴或赠送贵重礼物，而在于分享、支持和帮助。 11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Friendship is one of the most precious things in our life. Everyone needs friends, especially when we are in trouble. A true friend can bring us joy, give us support, and help us grow. But what is true friendship? And why is it so important?(友谊是我们生命中最珍贵的财富之一。每个人都需要朋友，尤其是在我们遇到困难的时候。真正的朋友能够带给我们欢乐、给予我们支持，并帮助我们成长。但什么是真正的友谊呢？它又为何如此重要呢？)”以及全文内容可知，文章开篇提出“什么是真正的友谊”、“为什么真正的友谊重要”，随后阐述真正友谊的特点，最后强调真正友谊的珍贵，核心是“真正友谊的价值和特点”，故选B。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In conclusion, true friendship is invaluable. It is worth cherishing with all our heart.(总之，真正的友谊是无比珍贵的。它值得我们用全部的心去珍惜)”可知，作者认为真正的友谊珍贵且值得珍惜，故选A。 13．推理判断题。根据第四段“Second, true friendship can help us improve ourselves. A good friend can influence us in a positive way, making us more confident and responsible.(其次，真正的友谊能够帮助我们提升自我。一位好朋友能够以积极的方式影响我们，使我们变得更加自信和有责任感)”可知，好朋友能帮助我们变得更好，故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段“True friendship is also about mutual respect. Friends should respect each other’s hobbies, opinions, and choices.(真正的友谊还在于相互尊重。朋友之间应当尊重彼此的爱好、观点和选择)”可知，相互尊重彼此的选择是真正友谊的特点，故选C。 三、完形填空 （24-25高一下·湖南长沙·期末）It was my first month at senior high, and I felt anxious about making new friends. One day, I was sitting alone in the cafeteria when a girl named Lily approached me. “Mind if I join you?” she asked with a smile. I nodded, feeling a bit shy. We started talking about our classes and hobbies. Lily was interested in rugby and calligraphy — quite a unique 15 . I admired her confidence and positive attitude. As we chatted, I realized that she was also new and feeling just as 16 as I was. From that day on, we ate lunch together regularly. Lily introduced me to her friends, and I slowly became part of a group. She taught me that friendship isn’t about waiting for others to 17 you — it’s about taking the first step. One week, Lily was absent because she had the flu. I decided to visit her after school with some homework notes and a small poster I made to 18 her up. Her smile when she saw me was priceless. That experience 19 our friendship even more. Now, looking back, I’m grateful for that day in the cafeteria. It taught me the importance of 20 opportunities to connect with others. Sometimes, a simple “hello” can change everything. Later that term, our school held a poster design competition. Lily encouraged me to enter, saying my artwork was creative. I was hesitant, but her support gave me the 21 to try. We spent several afternoons working on my 22 , discussing colors and styles. When the results were announced, I won second prize. Lily was more excited than I was, cheering loudly in the audience. Her 23 meant a lot to me. Through this experience, I learned that true friends not only 24 you but also help you discover your hidden talents. As the year went on, we faced challenges together, like tough exams and personal doubts. But we always 25 each other, sharing advice and comfort. Lily once said, “Friendship is like a tree — it grows 26 with care and time.” Now, as I prepare to graduate, I realize how much our friendship has 27 me. I’ve become more confident, more open-minded, and more willing to help others. Lily showed me that kindness and courage can build bridges between people. I hope everyone can find a friend like Lily — someone who sees your 28 and helps you become a better person. After all, life is not just about achieving goals; it’s also about the people who 29 the journey with you. 15．A．style B．combination C．goal D．material 16．A．nervous B．independent C．responsible D．forward 17．A．ignore B．recognize C．approach D．judge 18．A．bring B．cheer C．call D．take 19．A．tested B．strengthened C．described D．replaced 20．A．missing B．creating C．avoiding D．wasting 21．A．courage B．order C．reason D．pressure 22．A．lecture B．proposal C．poster D．diary 23．A．silence B．anger C．reaction D．opinion 24．A．teach B．accept C．challenge D．remind 25．A．admired B．supported C．examined D．competed with 26．A．quickly B．naturally C．strongly D．secretly 27．A．shocked B．changed C．troubled D．inspired 28．A．effort B．potential C．habit D．weakness 29．A．start B．plan C．share D．remember 【答案】 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．B 19．B 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．C 24．B 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．B 29．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在高一时通过一次偶然的午餐相遇结识了朋友Lily，两人相互支持、共同成长，友谊逐渐加深的故事，强调了主动迈出第一步和真诚陪伴的重要性。 【解析】15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：莉莉对橄榄球和书法感兴趣——相当独特的组合。A. style风格；B. combination组合；C. goal目标；D. material材料。根据前文“Lily was interested in rugby and calligraphy”可知，这是两个不同的爱好，组合在一起很独特，故选B。 16．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着我们聊天，我意识到她也是新生，并且和我一样紧张。A. nervous紧张的；B. independent独立的；C. responsible负责的；D. forward向前的。根据前文“I felt anxious”以及“she was also new”可知，她也是新生，和作者一样感到紧张，故选A。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她教会我，友谊不是等待别人接近你，而是主动迈出第一步。A. ignore忽视；B. recognize认出；C. approach接近；D. judge判断。根据后文“it’s about taking the first step”可知，不要等待别人来接近你，交朋友时要自己迈出第一步，故选C。 18．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定放学后去看她，带了一些作业笔记和我做的小海报，让她高兴起来。A. bring带来；B. cheer使振奋；C. call打电话；D. take带走。根据上文“One week, Lily was absent because she had the flu. I decided to visit her after school with some homework notes and a small poster I made to ”可知，探望生病的朋友是为了让她开心，cheer sb. up符合语境，意为“使某人开心”，故选B。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那次经历进一步加强了我们的友谊。A. tested考验；B. strengthened加强；C. described描述；D. replaced取代。根据前文“Her smile when she saw me was priceless.”可知，作者的探望让朋友开心，所以二人关系更亲密，故选B。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它教会了我创造与他人联系的机会的重要性。A. missing错过；B. creating创造；C. avoiding避免；D. wasting浪费。根据前文“One day, I was sitting alone in the cafeteria when a girl named Lily approached me. ”可知，Lily主动接近作者，可知交朋友时要主动创造机会，故选B。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我犹豫了，但她的支持给了我尝试的勇气。A. courage勇气；B. order命令；C. reason理由；D. pressure压力。根据上文“her support”可知，她鼓励作者，给了作者勇气，故选A。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们花了几个下午一起做我的海报，讨论颜色和风格。A. lecture讲座；B. proposal提议；C. poster海报；D. diary日记。根据前文“poster design competition”可知，作者在做海报，故选C。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的反应对我来说意义重大。A. silence沉默；B. anger愤怒；C. reaction反应；D. opinion观点。根据前文“Lily was more excited than I was”可知，她兴奋的反应让作者感动，故选C。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这次经历，我明白了真正的朋友不仅接纳你，还能帮助你发现自己的隐藏才能。A. teach教；B. accept接受；接纳；C. challenge挑战；D. remind提醒。根据前文“When the results were announced, I won second prize. Lily was more excited than Iwas, cheering loudly in the audience.”Lily鼓励作者参加比赛，接纳作者的一切，故选B。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们总是互相支持，分享建议和安慰。A. admired钦佩；B. supported支持；C. examined检查；D. competed with与……竞争。根据下文“sharing advice and comfort”可知，她们是互相支持，故选B。 26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：友谊就像一棵树——它随着关心和时间茁壮成长。A. quickly快速地；B. naturally自然地；C. strongly强烈地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“Friendship is like a tree”和下文“I’ve become more confident, more open-minded, and more willing to help others.”可知，友谊像一棵树，作者在朋友的帮助下变得更加自信，即友谊随着关心个时间茁壮成长，故选C。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我准备毕业时，我意识到我们的友谊给我带来了多大的改变。A. shocked震惊；B. changed改变；C. troubled麻烦；D. inspired鼓舞。根据后文“I’ve become more confident...”可知，作者发生了积极变化，故选B。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：希望每个人都能找到一个像Lily这样的朋友——一个能看到你的潜力并帮助你成为更好的人的人。A. effort努力；B. potential潜力；C. habit习惯；D. weakness弱点。根据前文前文“Lily encouraged me to enter, saying my artwork was creative.”Lily鼓励作者参加比赛可知，这是发现其艺术才能，故选B。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，生活不仅仅是实现目标，也是关于那些与你分享旅程的人。A. start开始；B. plan计划；C. share分享；D. remember记住。根据上文“ I hope everyone can find a friend like Lily”可知，作者通过和Lily交朋友这件事，意识到朋友是与你共度人生旅程的人，故选C。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Friends forever重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 2 三、核心短语 3 四、单词拼写 4 五、完成句子 4 六、单句语法填空 5 02 词汇语境练 6 一、语法填空 6 二、阅读理解 6 三、完形填空 7 一、重点单词 1.____________ adj. 熟悉的 2.____________ n. 历险经历；奇遇 3.____________ v. 更喜欢 4.____________ v./n. 点击（鼠标） 5.____________ v. 递送；传送 6.____________ n. 进步；进展 7.____________ adv. 重大地；显著地 8.____________ v. 维持；保持 9.____________ adj. 数字的；数码的 10.____________ v. 使可能，使发生 11.____________ adj. 异常的，不平常的 12.____________ n. 网站 13.____________ v. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事 14.____________ n. 最新消息 15.____________ v. 获得；得到 16.____________ n. 商品 17.____________ v. 证明；证实 18.____________ v. 说明；阐明 19.____________ n./v. 图解；示意图 20.____________ adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的 21.____________ n. 青少年；十几岁的孩子 22.____________ n. 素质，品德 23.____________ adj. 焦虑的，不安的 24.____________ v. 使（事件、行动等）推迟；延期 25.____________ v. 使与…… 保持距离，撇清和…… 的关系 26.____________ adj. 普通的；平常的 27.____________ n. 伙伴；搭档 28.____________ n. 场景 29.____________ n. 位置；地点 30.____________ n. 个性；性格 二、词性转换 1.prefer v. 更喜欢→____________n. 偏爱；优先权 2.deliver v. 递送，传送→____________n. 传递，递送 3.advance n. 进步；进展→____________adj. 先进的；高级的 4.significantly adv. 重大地；显著地→__________adj. 重大的；显著的→____________n. 意义；重要性 5.enable v. 使可能；使发生→____________adj. 能干的；有能力的 6.unusual adj. 异常的；不平常的→____________adj. 寻常的 7.tend v. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事→____________n. 趋势；趋向 8.illustrate v. (举例) 说明，阐明→____________n. 说明；例证；图解 9.prove v. 证明，证实→____________n. 证明；证据 10.inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的→____________n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人或事 11.comfort n. 安慰，慰藉→____________adj. 舒适的，舒服的 12.patience n. 耐心→__________adj. 耐心的 n. 病人→____________adv. 耐心地 13.passion n. 强烈的情感，激情→____________adj. 热诚的；狂热的 14.generosity n. 慷慨，大方→__________adj. 慷慨的，大方的→____________adv. 慷慨地，大方地 15.humour n. 幽默感→____________adj. 幽默的 16.anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的→__________adv. 焦虑地，不安地→____________n. 焦虑，不安 17.distance v. 使与…… 保持距离，撇清和…… 的关系 n. 距离→____________adj. 遥远的 18.fortune n. 大笔的钱，巨款→__________adj. 幸运的→____________adv. 幸运地 →____________adj. 不幸的 19.correspond v. 通信→____________n. 通信，联系；相关 20.appointed adj. 约定的，指定的→__________v. 约定；任命→____________n. 约会；任命 21.bitterly adv. 痛苦地，愤恨地→____________adj. 苦的；愤愤不平的 22.unfold v. (卷着的东西) 展开，打开→____________v. 折叠；合拢 23.location n. 地点，位置→____________v. 位于；确定…… 的位置 24.surroundings n. 周围的事物，环境→__________vt. 包围；围绕→____________adj. 周围的；附近的 25.personality n. 个性；性格→____________adj. 个人的；私人的 26.adventure n. 历险 (经历)，奇遇→____________adj. 爱冒险的；大胆的；充满危险的 三、核心短语 1.与…… 失去联系____________ 2.多亏____________ 3.与…… 保持联系____________ 4.记住____________ 5.把…… 与…… 联系起来____________ 6.忙于____________ 7.不分良莠一起抛弃____________ 8.值得____________ 9.发财____________ 10.应该____________ 11.制定____________ 12.收到…… 的来信____________ 13.出现____________ 14.倾向于做某事____________ 15.提前____________ 16.与某人沟通____________ 17.面对面____________ 18.质量好 / 高 / 低的____________ 19.耐心地____________ 20.为某事担心 / 担忧____________ 四、单词拼写 1．Every week goes by with some __________ (进展) in technology. 2．Growing up in clean and respectful s________ (环境), where people follow rules and care for others, helps teenagers develop good habits naturally. 3．Readers of the magazine said they wanted more stories about o______ people and fewer stories about the rich and famous. 4．One student replied that she ________ (更喜爱) literature to social science. 5．They __________ (推迟) going to the beach due to the heavy rain. 6．To help students better understand the biological knowledge, the teacher used a set of vivid pictures to i________ how plants absorbed water from the wet soil. 7．The restaurant aims to d________ (递送) fresh meals to its customers within thirty minutes. 8．The knowledge you a________ (获得) in high school will be invaluable in the real world. 9．We can use words, such as nice, young, kind or happy, to describe people’s q________. 10．The house looked strangely __________ (熟悉的), though she knew she’d never been there before. 11．Users can write, edit, send and receive messages at the c________ of a mouse. 12．There will be an a___________ (忧虑不安的) moment when the testing result finally comes out. 13．This key will ________ (使……能够) you to open the door. 14．By the time the police came on the s________ (现场， 场景), it was all over. 15．Kids receive red envelopes for good f________ in Chinese New Year. 16．Teaching children with special needs requires p_______ and understanding. 17．The articles on the websites are u________ every a certain time. 18．There are a lot of amazing ________(冒险) to have and places to see in the world. 19．D____________ learning allows you to study wherever you are, arranging(安排) your studies around your work or family life. 20．Starting a business is difficult, for it needs hard work, dedication, p________ (激情) and an unshakable belief in yourself. 五、完成句子 21．We live in _________________________________(一个充满冒险的世界), so if you’re looking for an exciting vacation, there are more options than you can count. 22．A virtual choir helps connect ________ ________ (普通人) together. 23．I wonder what the children are ___________________ when their parents are not at home. (正在做，忙于) 24．We should try to _____________________________ our old friends even after graduation. (与…… 保持联系) 25．Fortunately, we now know how to prevent choler, ________ ________ (得益于) the work of John Snow. 26．___________________ (事实证明) a young scientist named Will Smith has invented a kind of advanced and intelligent robot.  (it作形式主语) 27．We arranged to meet at 7.30, but she failed to _________ _________ (出现). 28．When we were young, the children ______ cycling to the countryside ______ (喜欢……多于……) staying at home all day. 29．I was nervous about ________________ (派送物资) at first, but the warm welcome I received eased my worries. 30．This experience ________________ (允许他证明他的潜力和勇气), ________________(将失败变成了成功的垫脚石). 六、单句语法填空 31．With just a few clicks, you can have food (deliver) to you without leaving home. 32．Mary needn’t have been so (anxiety) about the deadline because she had plenty of time to complete the task. 33．But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her education. 34．When interviewed about their spare time arrangements last month, most office workers (prefer) shorter working days. 35．All the students felt encouraged by the (inspire) speech given by Jane Goodall. 36．Only good team work will actually us to get the job done on time. (able) 37．To build the house needs as much water as to build the road of this   (distant)． 38．This is one of the (inspiring) speeches I have ever heard in my school life. 39．Face-to-face communication is the best way (maintain) healthy friendship. 40．The picture (illustrate) in this article tells us a meaningful life story. 一、语法填空 （25-26高一上·黑龙江绥化·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tim and I talked a lot about his problems today. It left me thinking about what it really 1 (mean) to be a “good friend”. In my opinion, the following qualities form the basis of a friendship. A good friend needs to be 2 (support). I can see that Tim is having trouble 3 (balance) his project and his schoolwork, and I can see that both are of importance to him. I must respect and support the 4 (choose) he makes. A good friend also needs to be selfless. Tim is someone 5 I should try my best to help, even if it means more work for me. When he’s struggling with his schoolwork, I should do all I can 6 (help) him become a more efficient learner. It’ll take up some of my spare time, but this friendship is worth my extra time and effort. I’m sure that Tim would do 7 same for me. To me, a good friend brings out (激发) the best 8 a person. Through our conversation today, we know that our friendship will grow 9 (strong) than ever. I’ll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure 10 (I) by these standards as our friendship develops. 二、阅读理解 （25-26高一上·甘肃武威·期末）Friendship is one of the most precious things in our life. Everyone needs friends, especially when we are in trouble. A true friend can bring us joy, give us support, and help us grow. But what is true friendship? And why is it so important? True friendship is not about being together all the time or giving expensive gifts. It is about trust and understanding. When you are happy, a true friend will share your joy; when you are sad, he or she will comfort you. When you make a mistake, a true friend will point it out and help you correct it, instead of ignoring it or laughing at you. For example, if you fail an exam, a true friend will not only encourage you but also help you analyze the reasons for failure and make a study plan. True friendship is also about mutual respect. Friends should respect each other’s hobbies, opinions, and choices. You don’t have to agree with everything your friend says, but you should listen to their ideas patiently. If you have different opinions, you can discuss them peacefully instead of having a quarrel. Why is true friendship so important? First, true friendship can make us feel warm and not lonely. In our daily life, we may face many difficulties and challenges. With the support of a true friend, we can have more courage to overcome them. Second, true friendship can help us improve ourselves. A good friend can influence us in a positive way, making us more confident and responsible. However, true friendship is not easy to get. It requires time and effort to develop. We should be honest to our friends, care about them, and be willing to help them when they need it. We should also learn to forgive their small mistakes, because no one is perfect. In conclusion, true friendship is invaluable. It is worth cherishing with all our heart. With true friends by our side, our life will be more colorful and meaningful. 11．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to make many friends B．The value and characteristics of true friendship C．Friends should give expensive gifts D．It’s easy to get true friendship 12．What is the author’s attitude towards true friendship? A．It’s precious and worth cherishing B．It’s useless and unimportant C．It’s difficult to get so we don’t need it D．It’s only needed when we are in trouble 13．What can we infer from the passage? A．True friends must be together all the time B．True friends will ignore your mistakes C．A good friend can help you become better D．You should agree with everything your friend says 14．Which of the following is a characteristic of true friendship? A．Laughing at friends’ mistakes B．Not listening to friends’ ideas C．Respecting each other’s choices D．Being together all the time 三、完形填空 （24-25高一下·湖南长沙·期末）It was my first month at senior high, and I felt anxious about making new friends. One day, I was sitting alone in the cafeteria when a girl named Lily approached me. “Mind if I join you?” she asked with a smile. I nodded, feeling a bit shy. We started talking about our classes and hobbies. Lily was interested in rugby and calligraphy — quite a unique 15 . I admired her confidence and positive attitude. As we chatted, I realized that she was also new and feeling just as 16 as I was. From that day on, we ate lunch together regularly. Lily introduced me to her friends, and I slowly became part of a group. She taught me that friendship isn’t about waiting for others to 17 you — it’s about taking the first step. One week, Lily was absent because she had the flu. I decided to visit her after school with some homework notes and a small poster I made to 18 her up. Her smile when she saw me was priceless. That experience 19 our friendship even more. Now, looking back, I’m grateful for that day in the cafeteria. It taught me the importance of 20 opportunities to connect with others. Sometimes, a simple “hello” can change everything. Later that term, our school held a poster design competition. Lily encouraged me to enter, saying my artwork was creative. I was hesitant, but her support gave me the 21 to try. We spent several afternoons working on my 22 , discussing colors and styles. When the results were announced, I won second prize. Lily was more excited than I was, cheering loudly in the audience. Her 23 meant a lot to me. Through this experience, I learned that true friends not only 24 you but also help you discover your hidden talents. As the year went on, we faced challenges together, like tough exams and personal doubts. But we always 25 each other, sharing advice and comfort. Lily once said, “Friendship is like a tree — it grows 26 with care and time.” Now, as I prepare to graduate, I realize how much our friendship has 27 me. I’ve become more confident, more open-minded, and more willing to help others. Lily showed me that kindness and courage can build bridges between people. I hope everyone can find a friend like Lily — someone who sees your 28 and helps you become a better person. After all, life is not just about achieving goals; it’s also about the people who 29 the journey with you. 15．A．style B．combination C．goal D．material 16．A．nervous B．independent C．responsible D．forward 17．A．ignore B．recognize C．approach D．judge 18．A．bring B．cheer C．call D．take 19．A．tested B．strengthened C．described D．replaced 20．A．missing B．creating C．avoiding D．wasting 21．A．courage B．order C．reason D．pressure 22．A．lecture B．proposal C．poster D．diary 23．A．silence B．anger C．reaction D．opinion 24．A．teach B．accept C．challenge D．remind 25．A．admired B．supported C．examined D．competed with 26．A．quickly B．naturally C．strongly D．secretly 27．A．shocked B．changed C．troubled D．inspired 28．A．effort B．potential C．habit D．weakness 29．A．start B．plan C．share D．remember 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $