15-高考阅读理解专题 -2027年高三英语二轮复习专项

**基本信息** 聚焦高考阅读理解核心题型，通过定位原文、排除干扰项等方法体系，系统训练细节理解、逻辑推理及语篇衔接能力，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |细节理解题|8题（A篇1-4，B篇5-8）|定位原文关键信息，排除未提及、绝对化及相反选项|围绕社会热点（环保行动、自然与心理健康），考查事实信息提取与精准理解| |七选五|5题（C篇9-13）|分析段落逻辑衔接（因果、转折、并列），匹配颜色心理效应的正负描述|以颜色心理学为主题，构建“颜色特征-心理效应-应用场景”的逻辑链条|

Branch 15 高考阅读理解专题 （建议用时：35 min） 一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A When 17-year-old Liu Yang began a campaign to reduce single-use plastics in her school in Nanjing, she did not expect it to become a city-wide movement. Two years later, over 50 schools in the region have adopted her waste-sorting and plastic-reduction program. Liu is among a growing number of young Chinese environmental activists who are not waiting for adulthood to make a difference. Their energy, creativity, and digital fluency are accelerating China's transition toward a more sustainable society. The involvement of young people in environmental action is not coincidental. China's education system has integrated environmental awareness into its curricula for over a decade. Students learn about climate change, biodiversity, and sustainable development from elementary school through high school. This early exposure has cultivated a generation that views environmental protection not as an optional concern but as a fundamental responsibility. Surveys indicate that young Chinese are more likely than older generations to prioritize environmental factors when making consumption decisions. Social media has amplified their impact. Platforms like Weibo and Douyin have become powerful tools for environmental advocacy. Young activists produce short videos showing the effects of pollution, sharing practical tips for reducing waste, and documenting community clean-up efforts. These videos often go viral, reaching millions of viewers and inspiring others to take action. The combination of authentic content and digital reach has created a grassroots environmental movement that is remarkably effective. Youth-led initiatives are also influencing policy. In several cities, young people have been invited to participate in government consultations on urban environmental planning. Their fresh perspectives have led to practical improvements, such as the installation of more water refill stations to discourage bottled water use and the redesign of public spaces to encourage walking and cycling. Local governments have recognized that engaging young people in environmental governance brings both policy benefits and political legitimacy. However, young activists face challenges. Some encounter skepticism from adults who question their experience or dismiss their efforts as idealistic. Others struggle to balance activism with academic demands. Moreover, the environmental problems they confront are complex and systemic, requiring changes that go beyond individual actions. Despite these obstacles, the determination of young environmentalists remains strong. The future of China's green transition will depend significantly on the active participation of its younger generation. Their combination of environmental consciousness, technological savvy, and social awareness positions them as powerful agents of change. As one young activist put it, "We are not the future of environmental protection—we are its present." 1.What inspired Liu Yang to start her environmental campaign? A. She was assigned the task by her teacher. B. She wanted to reduce plastic waste in her school. C. She received funding from a government program. D. She saw a documentary about ocean pollution. 2.How has China's education system contributed to youth environmental activism? A. By providing financial rewards for environmental projects. B. By integrating environmental awareness into school curricula. C. By requiring students to participate in weekly clean-ups. D. By sending students to environmental conferences abroad. 3.What role does social media play in youth environmental activism? A. It helps activists promote their ideas and inspire others. B. It replaces the need for in-person community events. C. It is used mainly for fundraising purposes. D. It has little effect on environmental awareness. 4.What is one challenge faced by young environmental activists mentioned in the passage? A. They lack any support from their peers. B. They are sometimes dismissed as being too idealistic. C. They cannot use social media effectively. D. They are required to stop their activism by law. B In the midst of Shanghai's skyscrapers and busy streets, a small park in the Huangpu District attracts a surprising number of visitors during lunch hours. Office workers sit on benches, watching leaves move in the breeze and listening to birdsong. Many report feeling noticeably calmer after just fifteen minutes in this green oasis. These subjective experiences are now backed by a growing body of scientific evidence: exposure to nature has measurable psychological benefits. Research has shown that spending time in natural environments reduces cortisol levels, the hormone associated with stress. Even viewing images of nature can lower blood pressure and heart rate, suggesting that our brains are wired to respond positively to natural stimuli. This phenomenon, sometimes called "biophilia," explains why access to green spaces is increasingly recognized as a public health issue. Urban planners are now incorporating more parks, green corridors, and rooftop gardens into their designs. One particularly fascinating area of research is the effect of nature on cognitive function. Studies have found that walking in a park or even looking at a green view can restore the ability to concentrate. This "attention restoration theory" proposes that natural environments engage the brain in a gentle, involuntary way, allowing the directed attention systems used in focused work to recover from fatigue. This may explain why people often experience "aha" moments or creative breakthroughs during or after a walk in nature. The psychological benefits extend to social behavior as well. Residents of neighborhoods with more green space report higher levels of trust and a stronger sense of community. Children who grow up with access to nature show better emotional regulation and fewer behavioral problems. These findings suggest that green spaces are not merely aesthetic amenities but essential components of healthy, functioning communities. In China, the concept of a "sponge city" has gained traction as a response to both flooding and the need for more green space. These cities integrate green infrastructure—parks, wetlands, and permeable surfaces—into urban design to absorb rainwater and provide recreational areas. Beyond their practical functions, these spaces are contributing to the mental health of millions of urban residents. Despite these benefits, green space is not equally distributed. Wealthier neighborhoods typically have more and better-maintained parks, while lower-income areas often lack such access. This environmental inequality has psychological consequences, as residents of greener areas consistently report better mental health outcomes. Addressing this gap is becoming a priority for social policy. 5.What does research suggest about the effect of nature on stress? A. Nature increases stress levels in most people. B. Viewing images of nature has no effect on stress. C. Time in nature reduces the stress hormone cortisol. D. Nature only helps people who live in rural areas. 6.According to "attention restoration theory," why does nature improve concentration? A. Nature is more stimulating than urban environments. B. Natural environments allow directed attention to recover from fatigue. C. Nature provides more visual variety than indoor spaces. D. Nature requires intense mental effort to process. 7.What social benefit of green spaces is mentioned in the passage? A. They increase property values significantly. B. They promote trust and a sense of community. C. They reduce the need for police presence. D. They attract more tourists to the city. 8.What is the issue of environmental inequality mentioned in the last paragraph? A. Wealthier areas have more green space than lower-income areas. B. People in lower-income areas do not want green spaces. C. The government refuses to build parks anywhere. D. Green spaces are only available in rural areas. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 C Colors are more than just visual experiences; they exert a profound influence on our emotions, behaviors, and even decision-making. From the branding of global corporations to the design of our homes, color choices are often made with psychological effects in mind. Understanding how colors affect us can help us make more intentional choices in our personal and professional lives. Red is perhaps the most emotionally charged color. It is associated with passion, energy, and urgency. (9) ______ This explains why red is frequently used in "sale" signs and clearance promotions. However, red can also raise heart rates and create feelings of tension, so it is used sparingly in environments where calm is desirable. Blue, in contrast, is the color of trust, stability, and calmness. Many banks and technology companies use blue in their logos to communicate reliability. (10) ______ Studies have shown that blue can lower heart rate and blood pressure, making it an excellent choice for spaces where relaxation is the goal. Green occupies a unique position. Because of its association with nature and growth, green evokes feelings of balance, renewal, and environmental awareness. (11) ______ In healthcare settings, green is often used to reduce patient anxiety and create a healing atmosphere. Yellow is the color of optimism and warmth. It can uplift mood and stimulate mental activity. (12) ______ In large quantities, it can cause agitation and frustration. Black communicates sophistication and authority. It is often used in luxury branding and formal attire. (13) ______ It can create a sense of heaviness or gloom, especially in large spaces. 选项（A-G）： A. However, yellow must be used with care. B. These factors contribute to its widespread use in corporate branding. C. It can stimulate appetite and excitement. D. It is also frequently used in offices to enhance productivity. E. It can also be perceived as cold or unwelcoming. F. It creates a sense of reliability and professionalism. G. However, it is considered ideal for creative spaces. 参考答案与解析 阅读理解 A篇 第1题 答案：B 解析：第一段明确提到刘洋"began a campaign to reduce single-use plastics in her school"。A项"老师布置任务"、C项"获得政府资助"、D项"看到海洋污染纪录片"均未提及。 第2题 答案：B 解析：第二段指出"China's education system has integrated environmental awareness into its curricula for over a decade"。A项"提供经济奖励"、C项"要求每周清洁"、D项"派学生出国参会"均未提及。 第3题 答案：A 解析：第三段指出社交媒体"become powerful tools for environmental advocacy... inspiring others to take action"。B项"取代线下活动"未提及且与"记录社区清洁"矛盾；C项"主要用于筹款"未提及；D项"几乎没有影响"相反。 第4题 答案：B 解析：第四段指出"Some encounter skepticism from adults who question their experience or dismiss their efforts as idealistic"。A项"缺乏同伴支持"未提及；C项"无法有效使用社交媒体"相反；D项"法律要求停止活动"未提及。 阅读理解 B篇 第5题 答案：C 解析：第二段指出"spending time in natural environments reduces cortisol levels"。A项"增加压力"相反；B项"观看图像无效"与"降低血压心率"相反；D项"仅帮助农村居民"过于绝对。 第6题 答案：B 解析：第三段指出"allowing the directed attention systems used in focused work to recover from fatigue"。A项"比城市环境更有刺激"与"柔和"相反；C项"视觉多样性"、D项"需要高强度脑力"均与原文不符。 第7题 答案：B 解析：第四段指出"Residents of neighborhoods with more green space report higher levels of trust and a stronger sense of community"。A项"提高房价"、C项"减少警力需求"、D项"吸引游客"均未提及。 第8题 答案：A 解析：最后一段指出"Wealthier neighborhoods typically have more and better-maintained parks, while lower-income areas often lack such access"。B项"低收入居民不想要绿地"相反；C项"政府拒绝建公园"过于绝对；D项"绿地仅在农村可用"与全文矛盾。 阅读理解 C篇（七选五） 第9题 答案：C 解析：前文"红色与激情、活力和紧迫感相关"，后文"解释了为什么红色常用于促销标识"。C项"能刺激食欲和兴奋"是对红色心理效应的补充描述，与后文的商业应用形成逻辑衔接。 第10题 答案：D 解析：前文"蓝色传达信任和可靠，许多银行和科技公司使用"，D项"也常用于办公室提升生产力"是蓝色的另一个应用场景，与前后文形成并列。 第11题 答案：G 解析：前文"绿色唤起平衡、更新和环境意识"，后文"在医疗场所用于减少患者焦虑"。G项"然而，它被认为适合创意空间"提供了绿色另一个应用领域的例子，与后文并列。 第12题 答案：A 解析：前文"黄色提升情绪、激发思维活动"，后文"大量使用会引起焦躁和沮丧"。A项"但黄色必须谨慎使用"是对前文积极作用的转折，与后文负面效果形成因果关系。 第13题 答案：E 解析：前文"黑色传达精致和权威"，后文"尤其在较大空间中会造成沉重感或阴郁"。E项"也可能被感知为冷漠或不受欢迎"是黑色的负面特质，与后文消极描述一致。B项"这些因素促进了其在企业品牌中的广泛使用"没有明确的指代对象；F项"创造可靠和专业的感觉"与蓝色的描述重叠且放入蓝色段落会破坏逻辑结构。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $