预习28 Unit 7 The secret of memory题型组合练（语法选择+完形填空+阅读理解+语篇填词）暑假预习】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（广州卷）

**基本信息** 以“记忆”主题为核心，整合语法、完形、阅读、语篇填词题型，系统提炼记忆方法与语境应用策略，构建“语法规则-原理理解-技巧实践-词汇巩固”的逻辑链条，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|3篇|语境中考查条件句、非谓语等语法规则，结合记忆主题强化语法应用|通过记忆相关语境串联语法点，实现语法与主题内容的融合| |完形填空|3篇|基于记忆规律（如遗忘曲线）与改善方法，训练篇章逻辑推理|从记忆现象到原理分析，再到实践策略，层层递进| |阅读理解|3篇|信息定位与分析，提炼记忆真实性、提升方法、单词记忆技巧|围绕记忆主题展开多维度探究，培养批判性思维| |语篇填词|3篇|结合记忆方法（如语境记忆、单词网）巩固核心词汇拼写与运用|通过填词强化记忆主题相关词汇，形成词汇网络|

【暑假预习】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（广州卷） 预习28 Unit 7 The secret of memory题型组合练（语法选择3+完形填空3+阅读理解3+语篇填词3） 一、语法选择 （1） Most people hope to have a memory which helps them succeed in study, work and life. Can memory be improved? Luckily, 1 studies in the past 50 years have already given us a clear answer. A healthy lifestyle keeps your brain young and memory 2 . First of all, it is necessary 3 a healthy diet. Eating more food rich in B vitamins and Vitamin E, such as vegetables and lean meat, 4 you have a better memory. Second, doing exercise can keep your brain alive, too. Proper exercise provides much needed oxygen for the brain. Running, riding a bike, swimming and even walking two or three times a week are helpful. Third, 5 enough sleep is important. Only when your brain gets a good rest, can it work well. The healthier your lifestyle is, 6 your memory will become, but do not expect a sudden change—it takes a long time to make a 7 . Memory skills help you remember things better. The following three are the most widely used. Chunking is 8 way of remembering a piece of information by 9 it into smaller ones. For example, 10 a ten-digit telephone number 2127983630, you can divide the digits into three groups: first 212, then 798, and lastly 3630. This method is much 11 . Organization means organizing information into groups of the same kind. For example, trees, grass and flowers are plants; tigers, pandas, horses and cows are animals. Imagery is remembering newly learnt information by using your imagination and connecting it with something that you are familiar with. However, memory skills will hardly work 12 you don’t understand the information. What’s more, only a regular (有规律的) review can make the memory 13 long. That is why students are always advised to go over what they have learnt after one day and then after three days, and then use it as 14 as possible. Human brains are like muscles that need nutrients and exercise to become stronger. If you make a few lifestyle changes and try some memory skills, you 15 certainly improve your memory. 1．A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．hundreds D．hundred 2．A．sharply B．sharper C．sharp D．more sharply 3．A．to have B．having C．have D．had 4．A．helped B．helping C．to help D．helps 5．A．gets B．getting C．got D．gotten 6．A．better B．the better C．the best D．best 7．A．difference B．different C．differences D．differently 8．A．the B．an C．\ D．a 9．A．to cut B．cut C．cutting D．cuts 10．A．to memorize B．memorize C．memorizing D．memorizes 11．A．help B．helpful C．more helpful D．helpless 12．A．if B．because C．although D．until 13．A．last B．to last C．lasting D．lasted 14．A．regular B．more regular C．regularly D．more regularly 15．A．must B．need C．should D．can （2） My grandfather is 72 and last month my grandmother celebrated her 70th birthday. I first noticed that they were having trouble 16 things when I went to their flat for dinner. My grandmother forgot a fish was in the oven and burnt 17 . Everyone forgets things 18 sometimes, so I did not think much about it. 19 time we arranged to go out for dinner together. My grandfather 20 to meet us at the train station. My grandparents were not there when we arrived. My mother phoned them and my grandfather said they were at home waiting for us. They knew we were having 21 dinner together but they forgot about the meeting place. It turned out that they kept forgetting simple things. I then started thinking about 22 I can do to help my grandparents improve their memory. 23 my memory is good, I still make a list of things I need to bring to school the next day before I go to bed. It is a good habit to prevent me from forgetting 24 . I told my grandparents to write more things down and share information with each other. By doing these things, my grandparents 25 help each other remember things. I talked with the school nurse who often offered me great help. She told me that eating fruit and fish can improve memory. She 26 said that drinking water helps concentration (专心) and that can also make it much 27 to remember things. I wrote some advice on a piece of paper 28 I gave it to my grandparents. I also did some Internet research 29 improving memory. I found out that staying mentally and physically active is another good way to improve memory. When I learned that they used to go dancing, I helped them find a dancing club nearby so they could have more physical exercise. Since my grandparents began following my suggestions, their memory has 30 a lot. 16．A．remember B．remembering C．remembered D．to remember 17．A．it B．them C．her D．him 18．A．easy B．easier C．easily D．easiness 19．A．Other B．The other C．Another D．Others 20．A．tell B．told C．is told D．was told 21．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 22．A．which B．how C．what D．that 23．A．Although B．If C．When D．Because 24．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 25．A．can B．must C．should D．need 26．A．too B．also C．as well D．either 27．A．easy B．easily C．easier D．easiest 28．A．and B．or C．however D．so 29．A．with B．as C．to D．on 30．A．improves B．improved C．is improving D．was improved （3） A man’s mind is similar to a camera, but it takes photos not only of what we see but also of what we feel, hear, smell and taste. When we take 31 real photo with a camera, there is much to do before the photo is ready to show to our friends. In the same way there 32 much work to be done before we can keep a picture forever in our mind. Memory is the diary that we all carry around with us.     We each have a memory. That’s why we can still remember things 33 a long time. Some people have such good memories that they can 34 learn many things by heart. But some people can only remember things when they say or do 35 again and again. Many great people of the world have got 36 memories. Good memories help them learn 37 than others and succeed.    A good memory also 38 a lot in language learning. Everybody learns his own mother tongue by 39 what he hears when he is a small child. Some children live with their parents in foreign countries. They seem to learn two languages as easily as one 40 they hear, remember and speak two languages every day. In school it is difficult 41 a second language well. The students have so 42 time for it. They are busy with 43 subjects too.     Then what can you do 44 your memory? If you do more and more exercises, your memory 45 better and better. 31．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 32．A．is B．are C．has D．have 33．A．since B．at C．after D．before 34．A．easy B．easier C．easiest D．easily 35．A．their B．theirs C．them D．they 36．A．amazed B．amazing C．amaze D．amazingly 37．A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 38．A．helps B．helping C．helped D．to help 39．A．remembers B．remembered C．remembering D．remember 40．A．but B．so C．unless D．because 41．A．learning B．to learn C．learns D．learned 42．A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 43．A．others B．other C．the other D．the others 44．A．to improve B．improving C．improved D．improves 45．A．A．becomes B．becoming C．became D．will become 二、完形填空 （1） Do you know how everyday things work? Many simple rules control what happens in the world around us. Let’s look at some examples. If you 1 salt into water, it will disappear. This happens because salt dissolves in water. If you mix red and blue paint, you 2 purple. It’s a simple colour rule. What if you put a piece of wood into water? It will 3 , but a stone will sink. These are all natural rules that always work. We can also use these rules to make predictions. If the sun rises in the east, the day will start. If it rains heavily, the ground will get 4 . Unless you study hard, you won’t do well in exams. Unless you water plants, they will 5 . These rules are important in science, but they also help us in daily life. If you understand them, you can 6 what will happen next. For example, if you drop a glass on the floor, you know it will break. If you leave food out in the sun, it will go bad. Unless you keep it in the fridge, it won’t stay 7 . Understanding these rules helps us make better choices. If you know that too much screen time will make your eyes 8 , you will take breaks. If you know that regular exercise keeps you healthy, you will 9 it a habit. Unless you use these rules, you might make mistakes that could be avoided. In short, the world works in predictable ways. If you learn these simple rules, you will be better prepared for life. 10 you pay attention to what happens around you, you will discover more and more of these rules. They are everywhere, waiting for you to notice them. 1．A．put B．take C．mix D．break 2．A．get B．got C．will get D．would get 3．A．sink B．float C．disappear D．die 4．A．dark B．wet C．dry D．cold 5．A．grow B．live C．die D．change 6．A．forget B．predict C．change D．control 7．A．fresh B．warm C．clean D．cool 8．A．tired B．happy C．strong D．sharp 9．A．make B．take C．keep D．let 10．A．Unless B．If C．But D．Or （2） How Our Memory Works Have you ever wondered why we forget things so quickly? A scientist named Hermann Ebbinghaus studied this more than 100 years ago and discovered some surprising facts about memory. Ebbinghaus did experiments on himself to find out how memory works. He learnt lists of meaningless words and then tested himself after different 11 of time. His findings are still important today. First, he found that forgetting happens very 12 in the first few hours after learning. In the first hour, people forget about half of what they learnt. After nine hours, about 60% is gone. This special 13 is called the “forgetting curve”. Second, Ebbinghaus found that learning ways can 14 our memory. If you study carefully and 15 knowledge again and again, you will remember it much longer. Besides, words with 16 are far easier to keep in mind than meaningless ones. Third, it is easier to remember the 17 and the end of a text than the middle part. So when you memorize a long passage, you need to spend more 18 on the middle part. These findings are quite useful for students. Daily review can 19 you from forgetting what you have learnt. Good learning habits can turn short-term memory into 20 memory easily. Use these rules, and you will study more efficiently. 11．A．places B．periods C．ways D．levels 12．A．quickly B．slowly C．happily D．quietly 13．A．shape B．mark C．pattern D．sign 14．A．influence B．waste C．invent D．doubt 15．A．create B．repeat C．avoid D．divide 16．A．noise B．trouble C．meaning D．secret 17．A．beginning B．reason C．result D．choice 18．A．money B．time C．luck D．effort 19．A．protect B．separate C．stop D．save 20．A．final B．simple C．short-term D．long-term （3） Do you often forget things? Many people think they have a bad memory, but the truth is that they don’t know how to use their memory properly. Here are some simple ways to help you improve your memory. First, live a mentally active life. Your brain needs exercise, just like your 21 . Trying new things is a good way to keep your brain active. For example, learning a new language or playing a musical instrument can make your brain work harder. Brain games like crosswords or puzzles are also 22 because they challenge your brain and help it grow stronger. Second, keep a healthy lifestyle. A healthy diet is very important for your memory. Research shows that foods like green vegetables, nuts and fish are good for your brain. They help your brain work better. Besides, regular exercise can 23 blood flow to your brain, which is good for your memory. Getting enough sleep is also necessary. When you sleep, your brain stores new information, so if you don’t sleep well, you will find it hard to 24 things the next day. Third, learn to relax. Too much stress is bad for your memory. When you are worried or stressed, your brain can’t work at its best. So take some time to relax every day. You can listen to music, take a walk or just sit quietly. These activities help your brain 25 and improve your memory. Memory linking is another useful 26 . When you need to remember a list of things, try to make a story with them. For example, if you need to remember “milk, bread, eggs”, you can imagine a cow drinking milk while eating bread and laying eggs. This funny story will help you remember the things 27 . Everyone forgets things sometimes, and it is normal for memory to get 28 as you get older. But that doesn’t mean you can’t do anything about it. By exercising your brain, living a healthy life and relaxing more, you can keep your memory 29 for a long time. Don’t give up on your memory—it’s never too late to start 30 these simple tips! 21．A．body B．heart C．hands D．legs 22．A．boring B．helpful C．difficult D．expensive 23．A．stop B．reduce C．increase D．control 24．A．forget B．remember C．change D．find 25．A．rest B．work C．fail D．move 26．A．problem B．result C．technique D．example 27．A．clearly B．slowly C．carelessly D．suddenly 28．A．better B．worse C．stronger D．faster 29．A．weak B．sharp C．slow D．tired 30．A．using B．making C．forgetting D．refusing 3、 阅读理解 （1） Most of us have a valuable early memory of our childhood, but can we really believe those memories? Did those special moments really happen or did we just make them up? These questions may sound strange, but according to research, about four out of ten of us invent our first childhood memories. Rather than having experienced something, we could have made up a fake (假的) memory from videos or photos we saw. We could have been influenced by a story told to us and then we could have used someone else’s memory as our own. What it means is that memories of our younger years, especially before the age of two, may be untrue. So don’t always believe them. But why don’t we have clear memories from that age? According to Catherine Loveday, an expert at the University of Westminster, the memories that newborn babies have are not long-lasting. This is possibly because of the fast creation of brain cells (细胞) in our early years. So why do we create fake memories? Some experts believe that there is a clear wish for a sense of self and a story of our existence (存在). Creating memories can give us a more complete picture of our early lives. As we get older, we want to have a complete picture of our whole lives. So, the next time someone says they have a clear memory from when they were one, or even before, just remember that while it could be true, there’s a chance that they just invented it at some point in their lives. 1．How did the writer bring out the topic? A．By giving an answer. B．By telling a real story. C．By giving an example. D．By asking questions. 2．What does the underlined word “them” refer to in Paragraph 2? A．Someone’s memories. B．Videos or photos. C．Stories told to us. D．Memories of our younger years. 3．Why do babies’ memories only last for a short time? A．Babies don’t experience much in life. B．Babies’ brain cells are created quickly. C．Babies have smaller brains than adults. D．Babies don’t like to keep memories. 4．According to the last paragraph, when a friend tells you about his memory from when he was one, you should ________. A．be tired of it B．question it C．be happy with it D．completely believe it 5．What would be the best title of the passage? A．Why do we lose our memories? B．Can we believe in other people? C．Are our first childhood memories real? D．How do people get childhood amnesia (记忆缺失)? （2） Ways to Improve Your Memory Your memory plays an important role in your life. It helps you remember who you are, where you live, what you have learnt and what you plan to do in the future. So, how can you improve your memory? First, it is helpful to live a mentally active life. Make a point of trying new things. For example, you will exercise your brain if you learn to play a new instrument or learn a foreign language. You can also improve your memory with brain games, such as crosswords, word games and maths puzzles. Techniques like memory linking also work your brain and improve your memory. In memory linking, you make mental connections to help you remember things. For example, you can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember them. You will be exercising your brain as well as improving your memory! Second, if you live a healthy life, your memory will work better. Healthy eating habits are especially important, and a healthy diet helps maintain a good memory. Research shows that eating green vegetables, nuts, berries, and oily fish can improve your ability to remember things. What’s more, regular physical exercise and getting enough sleep also help improve your memory. Last but not least, it is important to get plenty of rest. Unless you take time to relax, your brain will find it hard to remember things. Besides, if you get too stressed or worried, your memory will become less sharp. Everyone has moments of forgetfulness and memory tends to decline with age. Therefore, it is quite normal for people to experience memory loss as they get older. However, you can maintain and even improve your memory if you exercise your brain, live a healthy life and make time to relax! 6．Which of the following is NOT a way to live a mentally active life? A．Learning to play a new instrument B．Playing word games C．Eating green vegetables D．Using memory linking techniques 7．What does the underlined word “decline” mean in Chinese? A．提升 B．下降 C．稳定 D．混乱 8．What will happen if you are too stressed? A．Your memory will work better B．You will have a better sleep C．Your memory will become less sharp D．You will learn new things faster 9．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Why people forget things easily B．Different kinds of memory techniques C．How to improve your memory D．The importance of healthy eating habits （3） Ways to Learn New Words Vocabulary is the basis of English learning. Many students memorize word lists again and again but still forget them soon. The problem is they use wrong memorizing ways. Learning words in context is the best choice. Don’t remember a single word alone. Put it in a sentence or a short passage. In this way, you can not only remember its meaning, but also know how to use it in real life. Making word webs is also a smart way. Write a key word in the center, then add words with similar meanings, opposite meanings or related topics around it. It helps you build your own vocabulary system. Using flashcards is convenient for students. Write the word on one side and its sentence on the other. You can take it with you and review anytime you are free, such as waiting for the bus or between classes. Never memorize words in a hurry. Slow down, understand and use them, and you will keep them in your memory forever. 10．Why do many students forget new words quickly? A．They have no time to review. B．They use wrong memorizing methods. C．The words are too difficult. D．They don’t like English at all. 11．What does the writer advise us to do first? A．Memorize word lists every morning. B．Learn words in sentences or passages. C．Make many flashcards at home. D．Copy words over and over again. 12．What is the advantage of word webs? A．It saves our study time completely. B．It helps build vocabulary connection. C．It makes English learning very easy. D．It can replace classroom learning. 13．The passage mainly talks about ________. A．the importance of English words B．how to use English sentences C．good ways to memorize new words D．why students hate learning vocabulary 四、语篇填词 （1） There are several great m 1 to remember English words. Firstly, keeping a notebook is very helpful. You can write down new words, their meanings, and example sentences in the notebook. Then, set aside time each day to review what you’ve written. This r 2 review helps reinforce (加强) your memory of the words. Secondly, learning words in c 3 is essential. Instead of just m 4 a word alone, try to understand how it’s used in a sentence, a story, or a conversation. For example, when you come across the word “benefit”, seeing it in “We can benefit a lot from reading books” helps you grasp its meaning and usage more c 5 . Thirdly, making a word web works well. Choose a core word and then write down related words around it. If your core word is “happy”, you can add words like “joyful”, “glad”, “delighted”, and also antonyms like “sad” or “unhappy”. This way, you not only remember the target word but also expand your vocabulary by c 6 it to other words. （2） Your memory matters a lot in life. Here are m 7   to improve it. First, keep your brain a 8 . Make a point of trying new things, like learning a new instrument or a f 9 language. Playing brain games also works. You can use the “memory linking” t 10 : make m 11 connections to things, or make up a story to remember lists. This exercises your brain as well as improves memory. Second, healthy eating habits are especially important, and a healthy d 12 helps m 13 a good memory. Research shows that eating healthily can improve your a 14 to remember things. What’s more, r 15 physical exercise and getting enough sleep also help improve your memory. Last but not least, rest a lot. If you don’t make time to relax, or if you feel too s 16 , your memory will get worse. It’s n 17 to be forgetful, and memory often t 18 to become worse with age. But if you exercise your brain, live healthily and relax, you can keep or even improve your memory! （3） Do trees have memories? It may sound strange, but they “store” memories in their rings. When a tree is cut down, these round marks inside hold s 19 of the past.​ Every year, a tree adds a new ring. Scientists can c 20 rings to know the tree’s age. But rings also record climate: wide rings mean good growth (enough sun and rain), while narrow ones show little rain. This helps them learn climate c 21 in a place over years.​ Tree rings also help find n 22 disaster details. For example, a black part on a ring often means a forest fire that year. Counting rings from the black spot tells when the fire happened and how common fires were.​ Even more surprisingly, rings help with human history. Scientists use their p 23 to date old buildings. With new tech, they study ring chemistry to find when the tree was cut down—this helped prove a Canadian Viking village was built in 1021 CE.​ It’s amazing that s 24 trees can tell us so much about the past! 参考答案 一、 （1） 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文探讨如何通过健康生活方式和记忆技巧提升记忆力，强调饮食、运动、睡眠和定期复习的重要性。 1．句意：幸运的是，过去50年的数以百计的研究已给我们明确的答案。 hundred of错误搭配；hundreds of数百的；hundreds百，复数；hundred百，单数。空处表示概数，hundred需用复数形式，且与of连用。故选B。 2．句意：一个健康的生活方式使你的大脑年轻且记忆力敏锐。 sharply急剧地，副词；sharper形容词比较级；sharp形容词原级；more sharply副词比较级。此处是keep+宾语+形容词，且句子不含比较，用形容词原级作宾语补足语。故选C。 3．句意：首先，健康饮食是必要的。 to have有，动词不定式；having动名词或现在分词；have动词原形；had动词过去式或过去分词。it is necessary to do sth“做某事是有必要的”，空处用不定式作主语。故选A。 4．句意：多吃B族和维生素E的食物，例如蔬菜和瘦肉，有助于你有更好的记忆力。 helped帮助，动词过去式或过去分词；helping动名词或现在分词；to help动词不定式；helps动词第三人称单数。空处在句中作谓语，其主语是动名词短语，动词用第三人称单数。故选D。 5．句意：第三，获得足够睡眠很重要。 gets获得，动词第三人称单数；getting动名词或现在分词；got动词过去式；gotten动词过去分词。空处在句中作主语，用动名词。故选B。 6．句意：你的生活方式越健康，你的记忆力就会越好，但不要期待突然的变化——产生影响需要很长时间。 better更好的；the better更好的，the+比较级；the best最好的，the+最高级；best最好的。此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构，表示“越……，就越……”。故选B。 7．句意：你的生活方式越健康，你的记忆力就会越好，但不要期待突然的变化——产生影响需要很长时间。 difference差异，名词单数；different不同的，形容词；differences名词复数；differently副词。make a difference“产生影响”，空处用名词单数。故选A。 8．句意：组块法是一种通过将一条信息分割成更小的部分来记忆它的方法。 the表特指；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的单词；\零冠词；a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词。此处是泛指一种方法，way是辅音音素开头的单词，用a修饰。故选D。 9．句意：组块法是一种通过将一条信息分割成更小的部分来记忆它的方法。 to cut切，动词不定式；cut动词原形；cutting动名词或现在分词；cuts动词第三人称单数。by是介词，后跟动名词。故选C。 10．句意：例如，要记住一个十位数的电话号码2127983630，你可以把这些数字分成三组：第一组是212，然后是798，最后是3630。 to memorize记住，动词不定式；memorize动词原形；memorizing动名词或现在分词；memorizes动词第三人称单数。空处在句中作目的状语，用不定式。故选A。 11．句意：这种方法更有帮助。 help帮助，动词原形；helpful有帮助的，形容词原级；more helpful更有帮助的，形容词比较级；helpless无助的。根据“much”修饰比较级可知，空处用比较级形式。故选C。 12．句意：然而，如果你不理解这些信息，记忆技巧几乎不会起作用。 if如果；because因为；although虽然；until直到。空后句是前句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 13．句意：而且，只有有规律的复习才能让记忆持久。 last持续，动词原形；to last动词不定式；lasting动名词或现在分词；lasted动词过去式或过去分词。make后跟省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 14．句意：这就是为什么总是建议学生在一天后、三天后复习所学内容，然后尽可能经常地运用它。 regular经常的，形容词原级；more regular形容词比较级；regularly副词原级；more regularly副词比较级。空处修饰动词use，用副词形式，且as ... as结构中用原级。故选C。 15．句意：如果你在生活方式上做一些改变，并尝试一些记忆技巧，你当然能提高自己的记忆力。 must一定；need需要；should应该；can能够。此处表示能够提升记忆力，用can表示能力。故选D。 （2） 16．B 17．A 18．C 19．C 20．D 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．A 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文叙述了作者发现祖父母存在记忆力问题后，通过分享自身习惯、咨询校医、查阅资料等方式为祖父母提供改善记忆力的建议，最终祖父母记忆力得到提升的故事。 16．句意：当我去他们公寓吃晚饭时，我第一次注意到他们记东西有困难。 remember记住，动词原形；remembering是remember的动名词/现在分词形式；remembered是remember的过去式/过去分词形式；to remember是remember的动词不定式。根据“having trouble…things”可知，此处考查have trouble (in) doing sth.，表示“做某事有困难”，in可省略，因此空处需填动名词形式。故选B。 17．句意：我的奶奶忘记烤箱里有一条鱼，把它烤糊了。 it它，指代单数可数名词或不可数名词；them它们，指代复数可数名词；her她，人称代词宾格；她的，形容词性物主代词；him他，人称代词宾格。根据“forgot a fish was in the oven”可知，此处指代前文提到的“a fish”，是单数可数名词，应用it指代。故选A。 18．句意：每个人有时都会很容易忘记事情，所以我没太在意。 easy容易的，形容词；easier更容易的，是easy的比较级；easily容易地，副词；easiness容易，名词。根据“forgets things”可知，此处需用副词修饰动词forgets，描述忘记事情的程度。故选C。 19．句意：另一次，我们安排一起出去吃晚饭。 Other其他的，后接复数名词；The other两者中的另一个，后接单数名词；Another另一个、又一个，后接单数名词，指三者或三者以上中的另一个；Others其他人/物，是代词，不接名词。根据“time we arranged to go out for dinner together”可知，此处指除了上次去公寓吃晚饭之外的又一次安排，并非特指两者中的另一个，且time是单数名词，因此用Another。故选C。 20．句意：我的爷爷被告知要在火车站和我们碰面。 tell告诉，动词原形；told是tell的过去式/过去分词形式；is told一般现在时的被动语态；was told一般过去时的被动语态。根据“My grandfather…to meet us at the train station.”可知，爷爷是“被告诉”碰面的地点和时间，应用被动语态；且此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语My grandfather是单数第三人称，因此be动词用was，后接tell的过去分词told。故选D。 21．句意：他们知道我们要一起吃晚饭，但忘记了碰面的地点。 a不定冠词，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“having…dinner together”可知，此处考查have dinner，dinner前一般不加冠词，若有形容词修饰时才可能加冠词，此处无修饰词，因此用零冠词。故选D。 22．句意：然后我开始思考我能做些什么来帮助我的祖父母改善他们的记忆力。 which哪一个，引导宾语从句时在从句中作定语或主语、宾语，有选择范围；how如何、怎样，引导宾语从句时在从句中作方式状语；what什么，引导宾语从句时在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，无选择范围；that引导宾语从句时无意义，不作句子成分，可省略。根据“I can do to help my grandparents improve their memory”可知，从句中do缺少宾语，且没有明确的选择范围，因此用what引导宾语从句。故选C。 23．句意：虽然我的记忆力很好，但我还是习惯在睡前列出第二天要带去上学的东西。 Although虽然、尽管，引导让步状语从句；If如果，引导条件状语从句；When当……时候，引导时间状语从句；Because因为，引导原因状语从句。根据“my memory is good”和“I still make a list of things”可知，前后句之间是让步关系，即“尽管记忆力好，还是会列清单”，因此用Although引导。故选A。 24．句意：这是一个好习惯，可以防止我忘记任何东西。 something某物；anything任何东西；everything一切东西；nothing没有东西。根据“prevent me from forgetting”和上文“I still make a list of things I need to bring to school”可知，此处表示防止忘记任何东西，因此用anything。故选B。 25．句意：通过做这些事情，我的祖父母可以互相帮助记住东西。 can可以、能够，表示能力或可能性；must必须，表义务；should应该，表建议；need需要。根据“By doing these things”可知，此处指通过列清单、互相分享信息这些方式，祖父母有能力互相帮助记住东西，因此用can。故选A。 26．句意：她还说喝水有助于集中注意力，这也能让记住东西容易得多。 too也，用于肯定句末尾，用逗号隔开；also也，用于肯定句中，位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前；as well也，用于肯定句末尾，不用逗号隔开；either也，用于否定句末尾，用逗号隔开。根据“She…said”可知，此处位于实义动词said之前，应用also。故选B。 27．句意：她还说喝水有助于集中注意力，这也能让记住东西容易得多。 easy容易的，形容词原级；easily容易地，副词；easier更容易的，是easy的比较级；easiest最容易的，是easy的最高级。根据“much…to remember things”可知，much可修饰比较级，此处表示喝水让记东西比之前更容易，应用比较级easier，构成“make it+形容词+to do sth.”的结构，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。故选C。 28．句意：我把一些建议写在一张纸上，然后把它给了我的祖父母。 and和、然后，表并列或顺承关系；or或者、否则，表选择或条件关系；however然而，表转折关系；so因此，表因果关系。根据“I wrote some advice on a piece of paper”和“I gave it to my grandparents”可知，前后句之间是顺承关系，先写建议再把纸给祖父母，因此用and。故选A。 29．句意：我还在网上做了一些关于改善记忆力的研究。 with和……一起；as作为、当……时候；to到、向；on关于、在……上面。根据“did some Internet research…improving memory”可知，此处表示“关于改善记忆力的研究”，research on sth，意为“关于某事的研究”。故选D。 30．句意：自从我的祖父母开始遵循我的建议，他们的记忆力已经改善了很多。 improves改善，动词第三人称单数形式；improved是improve的过去式/过去分词形式；is improving现在进行时；was improved一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Since my grandparents began following my suggestions”可知，since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+过去分词，主语their memory是第三人称单数，助动词用has，空处需填improved。故选B。 （3） 31．A 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．C 36．B 37．B 38．A 39．C 40．D 41．B 42．A 43．B 44．A 45．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了记忆的特点、好记性的作用，以及如何提升记忆力。 31．句意：当我们用相机拍一张真实的照片时，在把照片给朋友看之前还有很多事情要做。 a一个（用于辅音音素开头的单词前）；an一个（用于元音音素开头的单词前）；the定冠词；/零冠词。“real photo”是可数名词单数，real以辅音音素开头，用a。故选A。 32．句意：同样地，在我们能把一幅画面永久保存在记忆中之前，还有很多工作要做。 is是（单数）；are是（复数）；has有（单数）；have有（复数）。此处是there be句型，“much work”是不可数名词，be动词用is。故选A。 33．句意：这就是为什么我们能在很长一段时间后仍然记得事情。 since自从；at在；after在……之后；before在……之前。根据“still remember things”可知，是“在很长时间之后”还记得。故选C。 34．句意：有些人记忆力很好，能轻松地记住很多东西。 easy容易的（形容词）；easier更易的；easiest最易的；easily容易地（副词）。此处修饰动词“learn”，用副词easily。故选D。 35．句意：但有些人只能记住自己在反复说的话或者反复做这些事。 their他们的（形容词性物主代词）；theirs他们的（名词性物主代词）；them它们（宾格）；they它们（主格）。此处作do的宾语，指代“things”，用宾格them。故选C。 36．句意：世界上许多伟人都有惊人的记忆力。 amazed惊讶的（修饰人）；amazing惊人的（修饰物）；amaze使惊讶（动词）；amazingly惊人地（副词）。此处修饰“memories”，用形容词amazing。故选B。 37．句意：好的记忆力帮助他们比别人学得更快、并获得成功。 fast快的；faster更快的；fastest最快的；the fastest最快的（最高级）。根据“than others”可知，用比较级faster。故选B。 38．句意：好的记忆力在语言学习中也有很大帮助。 helps帮助（动词第三人称单数）；helping动名词；helped过去式；to help不定式。主语“A good memory”是单数，谓语动词用helps。故选A。 39．句意：每个人在小时候都是通过记住听到的内容来学习母语的。 remembers记得（第三人称单数）；remembered过去式；remembering动名词；remember动词原形。by是介词，后接动名词remembering。故选C。 40．句意：他们似乎学两种语言和学一种一样容易，因为他们每天都听、记、说这两种语言。 but但是；so所以；unless除非；because因为。“每天听、记、说”是“学两种语言容易”的原因，用because。故选D。 41．句意：但在学校里，学好第二语言是很难的。 learning动名词；to learn不定式；learns第三人称单数；learned过去式。“It is+形容词+to do sth”是固定句型，用to learn。故选B。 42．句意：学生们几乎没有时间学习它。 little几乎没有（修饰不可数名词）；a little一点（修饰不可数名词）；few几乎没有（修饰可数名词）；a few一点（修饰可数名词）。“time”是不可数名词，根据“busy with...subjects”可知是“几乎没有”时间，用little。故选A。 43．句意：他们忙于其他科目。 others其他人/物（后不接名词）；other其他的（后接名词复数）；the other两者中另一个；the others其余的（后不接名词）。此处修饰“subjects”，用other。故选B。 44．句意：那你能做些什么来提升你的记忆力呢？ to improve不定式（表目的）；improving动名词；improved过去式；improves第三人称单数。此处表目的，用不定式to improve。故选A。 45．句意：如果你做越来越多的练习，你的记忆力会变得越来越好。 becomes第三人称单数；becoming动名词；became过去式；will become一般将来时。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时will become。故选D。 二、 （1） 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．A 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文介绍生活与科学中普遍存在的简单规律，举例说明各类自然、生活规则，讲述掌握规律可以预测事物发展、帮助我们做出更好选择，最后倡导多观察身边事物去发现更多规律。 【详解】1．句意：如果你把盐放进水里，它就会消失。 后文“salt dissolves in water”，put...into...是固定搭配，意为“把……放入……”，put符合题意；take（拿）；mix（混合）；break（打碎）均不符。 2．句意：如果你混合红色和蓝色颜料，你就会得到紫色。 本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句mix为一般现在时，主句用will get；get（一般现在时）；got（一般过去时）；would get（过去将来时）均不符。 3．句意：它会漂浮，但石头会下沉。 后文转折“but a stone will sink”，前后语义相反，float（漂浮）符合题意；sink（下沉）；disappear（消失）；die（死亡）均不符。 4．句意：如果下大雨，地面会变湿。 根据常识，大雨过后地面是湿的，wet（潮湿的）符合题意；dark（黑暗的）；dry（干燥的）；cold（寒冷的）均不符。 5．句意：如果你不给植物浇水，它们就会枯死。 根据常识，植物缺水会死亡，die（死亡）符合题意；grow（生长）；live（存活）；change（改变）均不符。 6．句意：如果你理解它们，你就能预测接下来会发生什么。 前文“We can also use these rules to make predictions”，predict（预测）对应前文predictions；forget（忘记）；change（改变）；control（控制）均不符。 7．句意：除非你把它放进冰箱，否则它不会保持新鲜。 冰箱的作用是让食物保鲜，fresh（新鲜的）符合题意；warm（温暖的）；clean（干净的）；cool（凉爽的）均不符。 8．句意：如果你知道长时间看屏幕会让你的眼睛疲劳，你就会休息。 长时间看电子屏幕会使眼睛疲惫，tired（疲惫的）符合题意；happy（开心的）；strong（强壮的）；sharp（敏锐的）均不符。 9．句意：如果你知道规律锻炼能让你保持健康，你就会把它变成一种习惯。 make it a habit为固定搭配，意为“使之成为一种习惯”，make符合题意；take（拿）；keep（保持）；let（让）均不符。 10．句意：如果你留意身边发生的事，你就会发现越来越多这类规律。 前后句是条件关系，If（如果）引导条件状语从句；Unless（除非），语义不符；But（但是）；Or（或者）均不符。 （2） 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．D 【导语】 本文介绍了艾宾浩斯关于记忆的研究发现，包括遗忘曲线、影响记忆的因素及高效学习建议，帮助学生更好地记忆。 【详解】11．句意：他在不同的时间段后测试自己。 根据“of time”及实验语境，different periods of time为固定搭配，意为“不同的时间段”，贴合实验分时间节点测试记忆的设定。places地点，ways方式，levels水平与time搭配不当。 12．句意：遗忘在学习后的最初几小时内发生得非常快。 后文提到一小时忘掉一半内容、九小时遗忘六成，体现遗忘速度极快，quickly快速地，符合语境。slowly缓慢地，happily开心地，quietly安静地，不符合遗忘速度快的语境。 13．句意：这种特殊模式被称为“遗忘曲线”。 根据上文描述的遗忘趋势，pattern指规律、模式，符合语境。shape形状，mark标记，sign标志，语意不符。 14．句意：学习方式会影响我们的记忆。 后文介绍不同学习方法带来不同记忆效果，说明学习方式对记忆存在影响，influence影响，符合语境。waste浪费，invent发明，doubt怀疑，不符合逻辑。 15．句意：仔细学习并一遍又一遍地重复知识。 根据“again and again”，可知是重复动作，repeat符合复习巩固语境。create创造，avoid避免，divide划分，与反复学习语境不符。 16．句意：有意义的词比无意义的词更容易记住。 根据“meaningless ones”对比，此处指有意义，meaning含义、意思，符合语境。noise噪音，trouble麻烦，secret秘密，无法与meaningless形成对比。 17．句意：更容易记住文章的开头和结尾而不是中间部分。 根据“end”和“middle”对比，此处指开头，beginning开头，符合语境。reason原因，result结果，choice选择，不符合文章结构语境。 18．句意：所以你需要在中间部分花费更多时间。 前文说明文章中间段落最难记忆，因此背诵时需要为中间内容分配更多背诵时间，spend time on意为“在……上花费时间”，贴合背诵学习场景。 19．句意：每日复习能阻止你遗忘所学内容。 根据“from forgetting”，stop sb from doing是固定搭配，复习可以防止遗忘。protect保护，separate分离，save拯救，语境不符。 20．句意：良好的学习习惯能轻松将短期记忆转化为长期记忆。 根据“short-term”对比，可知是长期记忆，long-term长期的，符合语境。final最终的，simple简单的，short-term短期的，不符合记忆转化逻辑。 （3） 21．A 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文介绍了改善记忆力的几种方法，包括保持大脑活跃、健康生活方式、学会放松及记忆联想技巧，鼓励人们积极尝试。 【详解】21．句意：你的大脑需要锻炼，就像你的身体一样。 根据“brain needs exercise”与身体锻炼进行类比，可知此处指整体身体，“body身体”符合语境。“heart心脏；hands手；legs腿”均为具体部位，不符合类比逻辑。 22．句意：像填字游戏这样的脑力游戏也是有益的，因为它们挑战你的大脑。 根据“help it grow stronger”可知对大脑有好处，“helpful有益的”符合语境。“boring无聊的；difficult困难的；expensive昂贵的。” 均为负面或无关描述。 23．句意：此外，规律的运动可以增加流向大脑的血液，这对你的记忆力有益。 根据“good for your memory”可知运动对大脑有益，应促进血流，“increase增加”符合语境。“stop停止；reduce减少”为负面作用，“control 控制”不符合语境。 24．句意：当你睡觉时，大脑会储存新的信息，所以如果你睡不好，第二天你会发现很难记住事情。 根据“sleep stores new information”可知睡眠不足影响信息存储，即难记住，“remember记住”符合语境。“forget忘记”意思相反，“change改变；find找到”无关。 25．句意：这些活动帮助你的大脑休息并改善记忆力。 根据本段主题“learn to relax”可知目的是让大脑放松休息，“rest休息”符合语境。“work工作；fail失败；move移动”不符合放松的语境。 26．句意：记忆联想是另一种有用的技巧。 根据下文描述的编故事方法可知这是一种记忆技巧，“technique技巧”符合语境。“problem问题；result结果； example例子”不符合方法定义。 27．句意：这个有趣的故事将帮助你清楚地记住事情。 根据“help you remember”及改善记忆的目的可知是更清晰地记忆，“clearly清楚地”符合语境。“slowly慢慢地；carelessly粗心地；suddenly突然地”不符合预期效果。 28．句意：有时候大家都会忘记事情，随着年龄增长，记忆力变差是正常的。 根据“Everyone forgets things sometimes”及常识可知衰老通常导致记忆力下降，“worse更差”符合语境。“better更好；stronger更强”为正面变化，“faster更快”不符。 29．句意：通过锻炼大脑、保持健康的生活方式以及多加放松，你可以长时间保持记忆力敏锐。 根据前文建议及“keep your memory”可知目的是保持良好状态，“sharp敏锐的”符合语境。“weak弱的；slow慢的；tired疲惫的”均为负面状态。 30．句意：不要放弃你的记忆——开始使用这些简单的技巧永远都不晚！ 根据“start ... these simple tips”可知是建议读者应用这些方法，“using使用”符合语境。“making制作；forgetting忘记；refusing拒绝”不符合行动逻辑。 三、 （1） 1．D 2．D 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨人们最早的童年记忆是否真实，研究发现近四成的人编造过幼时早期记忆，分析了低龄阶段记忆模糊、人们会虚构虚假童年记忆的两大原因，并提醒人们不必全然相信幼年早期记忆。 【详解】1．第一段引出话题方式：“Most of us have a valuable early memory of our childhood, but can we really believe those memories? Did those special moments really happen or did we just make them up?”，作者通过提出两个问题引出文章主题。 2．第二段代词指代内容：“What it means is that memories of our younger years, especially before the age of two, may be untrue. So don’t always believe them.”，句中them指代前文提到的幼年时期的记忆。 3．第三段说明婴儿记忆留存时间短的原因：“This is possibly because of the fast creation of brain cells in our early years.”，婴幼儿阶段脑细胞生成速度很快，因此新生儿的记忆无法长久保存。 4．最后一段给出应对建议：“while it could be true, there’s a chance that they just invented it at some point in their lives”，当别人说起一岁时的清晰记忆，我们应当对此心存质疑。 5．全文围绕核心问题展开：开篇提问童年早期记忆是否真实，中间分析虚假记忆的现象与成因，因此最佳标题对应文章核心议题。 （2） 6．C 7．B 8．C 9．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了提高记忆力的方法。 【详解】6．根据第二段“For example, you will exercise your brain…brain and improve your memory. ”可知，过脑力活跃的生活包括学习新乐器、玩文字游戏和使用记忆链接技巧。而“吃绿色蔬菜”出现在第三段，属于健康饮食范畴，不属于脑力活跃生活的方式。 7．根据划线词所在句后的“Therefore, it is quite normal for people to experience memory loss as they get older.”（因此，随着年龄增长人们经历记忆丧失是很正常的。）可知，记忆力随年龄增长会变差。因此“decline”意为“下降、衰退”。 8．根据第四段最后一句“if you get too stressed or worried, your memory will become less sharp”可知，压力过大会导致记忆力下降。 9．文章标题为“Ways to Improve Your Memory”（提高记忆力的方法），全文分别从保持脑力活跃、培养健康生活和保证充分休息三个方面介绍了如何提高记忆力。 （3） 10．B 11．B 12．B 13．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了高效记忆英语新单词的多种实用方法，指出很多学生快速遗忘单词的根源是记忆方法错误，并依次介绍语境记词、构建单词网、使用单词卡片三种科学记词手段，最后呼吁大家放慢速度、理解并运用单词，实现长久记忆。 【详解】10．根据文章第一段最后一句“The problem is they use wrong memorizing ways.”可知，学生很快忘记单词是因为方法不对。 11．根据文章第二段“Learning words in context is the best choice. Don’t remember a single word alone. Put it in a sentence or a short passage.”可知，作者建议首先在句子或文章中学习单词。 12．根据文章第三段最后一句“It helps you build your own vocabulary system.”可知，单词网通过关联相似、相反或相关话题的单词，帮助建立词汇联系/体系。 13．文章标题为“Ways to Learn New Words”，且全文分段介绍了在语境中学习、制作单词网、使用闪卡等多种记忆单词的有效方法。C选项符合主旨。 四、 （1） 1．methods/ethods/means/eans 2．regular/egular 3．context/ontext 4．memorizing/emorizing/memorising/emorising 5．completely/ompletely/clearly/learly 6．connecting/onnecting 【导语】本文介绍了几个记英语单词的好方法。 【详解】1．句意：有几个记英语单词的好方法。根据“Firstly, keeping a notebook is very helpful.”和“Thirdly, making a word web works well.”和首字母m可知，此处表示方法，method=means“方法”，有several修饰，用复数名词，means是单复数同形，故填methods/means。 2．句意：这种定期复习有助于加强你对单词的记忆。根据“Then, set aside time each day to review what you’ve written.”和首字母r可知，每天留出时间来复习你写的东西，这是定期复习，regular“定期的”，是形容词，修饰名词review，用形容词，故填regular。 3．句意：其次，在语境中学习单词是必不可少的。根据“Instead of just m...a word alone, try to understand how it’s used in a sentence, a story, or a conversation.”可知，试着理解它是如何在句子、故事或对话中使用的，因此是在语境中学习单词，context“语境”，故填context。 4．句意：不要只记住一个单词，试着去理解它在句子、故事或对话中的用法。根据“This r...review helps reinforce (加强) your memory of the words.”和首字母m可知，此处表示不只是记住一个单词，memorize=memorise“记住”，instead of doing sth“而不是做某事”，故填memorizing/memorising。 5．句意：例如，当你遇到“benefit”这个词时，在“We can benefit a lot from reading books”中看到它可以帮助你更全面/清晰地掌握它的意思和用法。根据“Instead of just m...a word alone, try to understand how it’s used in a sentence, a story, or a conversation.”可知，在句子、故事或对话中理解单词的用法，这样能更全面/清晰地掌握它的用法，completely“完全地”/clearly“清晰地”，是副词，修饰动宾短语，用副词，故填completely/clearly。 6．句意：这样，你不仅记住了目标单词，而且还通过将它与其他单词联系起来扩大你的词汇量。根据“Choose a core word and then write down related words around it.”和首字母c可知，选择一个核心单词，然后写下围绕它的相关单词，因此表示把它和其他单词联系起来，connect“联系”，by doing sth“通过做某事”，故填connecting。 （2） 7．methods/ethods 8．active/ctive 9．foreign/oreign 10．technique/echnique 11．mental/ental 12．diet/iet 13．maintain/aintain 14．ability/bility 15．regular/egular 16．stressd/tressd 17．normal/ormal 18．tends/ends 【导语】本文作者介绍了几种提高记忆力的方法，包括保持大脑活跃、养成健康的饮食习惯、规律锻炼、保证充足睡眠以及充分休息等。 【详解】7．句意：这里有一些提高记忆力的方法。根据下文列举的具体措施和首字母m可推出是提高记忆力的方法，method“方法”，可数名词，由are可知用复数形式methods。故填methods。 8．句意：首先，保持大脑活跃。根据后句“Make a point of trying new things”和首字母a可推出是让大脑保持活跃的状态，active“活跃的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填active。 9．句意：特意尝试新事物，比如学习一种新乐器或一门外语。结合常识和首字母f可知，学习新事物可包括外语，foreign“外国的”，形容词修饰名词language。故填foreign。 10．句意：你可以使用“记忆链接”技巧：与事物建立心理联系，或者编一个故事来记住清单。根据冒号后介绍的具体做法和首字母t可推出这是一种记忆技巧，technique“技巧”，可数名词，由定冠词the可知用单数形式。故填technique。 11．句意：你可以使用“记忆链接”技巧：与事物建立心理联系，或者编一个故事来记住清单。结合“memory linking”和首字母m可推出是建立心理层面的联系，mental“心理的、精神的”，形容词修饰名词connections。故填mental。 12．句意：其次，健康的饮食习惯尤为重要，健康的饮食有助于维持良好的记忆力。根据前句“Healthy eating habits are especially important”和首字母d可推出此处指健康的饮食，diet“饮食”，可数名词，由a可知用单数形式。故填diet。 13．句意：其次，健康的饮食习惯尤为重要，健康的饮食有助于维持良好的记忆力。结合常识和首字母m可推出健康饮食能帮助维持好记忆力，maintain“维持、保持”，help do sth.“帮助做某事”，故填maintain。 14．句意：研究表明，健康饮食可以提高你记住事物的能力。根据“to remember things”和首字母a可推出是记住事物的能力，ability“能力”，可数名词，此处用单数形式。故填ability。 15．句意：此外，规律的体育锻炼和充足的睡眠也有助于提高记忆力。结合常识和首字母r可推出锻炼需要规律才能有效果，regular“规律的”，形容词修饰名词短语physical exercise。故填regular。 16．句意：如果你不腾出时间放松，或者如果你感到压力太大，你的记忆力会变差。根据“don’t make time to relax”和首字母s可推出不放松会感到有压力，stressed“感到有压力的”，形容词作表语。故填stressed。 17．句意：健忘是正常的，而且记忆力往往会随着年龄的增长而变差。结合常识和首字母n可推出健忘是一种正常现象，normal“正常的”，形容词作表语。故填normal。 18．句意：健忘是正常的，而且记忆力往往会随着年龄的增长而变差。根据常识和首字母t可推出记忆力通常会随年龄增长变差，tend“往往、倾向于”，由often可知用一般现在时，主语memory是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式tends。故填tends。 （3） 19．secrets/ecrets 20．count/ount 21．changes/hanges 22．natural/atural 23．patterns/atterns 24．silent/ilent 【导语】本文介绍了树木的年轮不仅能记录树龄，还藏着气候变迁、自然灾害的秘密，甚至能为人类历史研究提供线索，展现了“沉默的树木”承载的过往信息。 【详解】19．句意：当一棵树被砍倒时，里面的这些圆形印记藏着过去的秘密。根据“When a tree is cut down, these round marks inside hold...of the past.”及首字母提示可知，hold secrets of“藏有……的秘密”，是固定搭配，前文提出“树木是否有记忆”，年轮作为载体，用复数secrets体现“多种过往信息”。故填secrets。 20．句意：科学家可以数年轮来知道树的年龄。根据“Scientists can...rings to know the tree’s age.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示“数”年轮，count“计数、数数”，是动词，情态动词“can”后接动词原形。故填count。 21．句意：这帮助他们了解一个地方多年来的气候变化。根据“This helps them learn climate...in a place over years.”及首字母提示可知，此处指多年的气候“变化”，change“变化”，是名词，后文提到宽窄年轮对应不同气候，用复数changes体现“多年来的多种气候变动”。故填changes。 22．句意：年轮也有助于发现自然灾害的细节。根据“Tree rings also help find...disaster details.”及首字母提示可知，此处是形容词修饰名词disaster，后文forest fire“森林火灾”属于自然灾害，natural“自然的”符合语境，natural disaster“自然灾害”。故填natural。 23．句意：科学家利用它们的纹路来确定古建筑的年代。根据“Scientists use their...to date old buildings.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示它们的“纹路”，pattern“纹路”，使用复数形式patterns，对应不同树木的年轮特征。故填patterns。 24．句意：令人惊叹的是，沉默的树木竟然能告诉我们这么多关于过去的事情！根据“It’s amazing that...trees can tell us so much about the past!”及首字母提示可知，此处是形容词修饰名词“trees”，树木“无法发声”，却能承载大量历史信息，silent“沉默的”符合语境。故填silent。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $