预习16 Unit 4 Inventions题型组合练（语法选择+完形填空+阅读理解+语篇填词）【暑假预习】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册（广州卷）

**基本信息** 以“发明”主题为载体，整合语法、阅读、词汇题型，通过解析提炼语法规则与语境应用方法，构建“主题-语言知识-技能”逻辑体系，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|3篇（Lily发明野餐袋等）|动词不定式、时态、冠词等语法规则应用|围绕“发明过程”语境，融合基础语法点，形成“语法规则-语境验证”链条| |完形填空|3篇（护理机器人等）|上下文逻辑分析、词汇辨析|以“发明影响”为线索，衔接词汇与语篇理解，培养逻辑思维| |阅读理解|3篇（六足导盲机器人等）|细节定位、主旨归纳|通过“发明案例”解读，提升信息提取与推理能力，渗透文化意识| |语篇填词|3篇（活字印刷等）|语境词汇拼写与运用|结合“发明历史”，强化词汇积累与主题表达，发展学习能力|

【暑假预习】2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册(广州卷) 预习16 Unit 4 Inventions题型组合练(语法选择3+完形填空3+阅读理解3+语篇填词3) 一、语法选择 (1) Lily is a middle school student. She always tries 1 new ideas in her daily life. Her family often goes for picnics in the village. However, they always find it hard to carry all the 2 . One day, while walking around, Lily saw some people using large bags. Then 3 idea came to her: Why not make a special picnic bag? She 4 her invention. First, she looked for useful things at home. Luckily, she found some old cloth and ropes (绳索), 5 she didn’t need to spend any money. Next, she asked her brother to help her. Her brother always helps her when she has ideas. Lily worked with the cloth 6 to make sure the bag would hold all the picnic things. When the bag 7 ready, she checked the weight. To her joy, it was only three kilograms! Now, Lily’s family can enjoy their picnics 8 easily than before. Her invention shows that everyone has a special talent. By paying attention to daily life, it’s easier 9 people to find problems and solve them. Maybe one day, people can buy Lily’s bag in shops, and more people will learn to create great things from 10 own lives. 1.A.to count B.count C.to get D.get 2.A.rule B.rules C.thing D.things 3.A.an B.a C.the D./ 4.A.starts B.started C.start D.will start 5.A.or B.so C.because D.but 6.A.negatively B.negative C.carefully D.careful 7.A.are B.were C.is D.was 8.A.more B.much C.fewer D.few 9.A.for B.at C.on D.with 10.A.they B.them C.their D.theirs (2) Have you ever heard of Liu Haosheng’s restaurant? If you visit his restaurant in Harbin, you will find 18 robots there. They will 11 you perfect service (服务) because they want your dining experience to be perfect. It’s wonderful to see the 18 12 work in the restaurant. When you walk in, a robot will come up and say, “Earth person, hello! Welcome 13 the Robot Restaurant.” What an amazing experience! After you order the food, the robots will cook it 14 in the kitchen. After the food 15 ready, a robot waiter will glide (潜行) out of the kitchen to serve you with 16 food. And the food is much 17 than other food. You may want 18 where the robots come from. Liu said, “The Harbin Haohai Robot Company 19 many such robots since 2021. They are working in some restaurants.” After a busy day, all the robots will go for a “meal”. After 5 hours, the robots can continue 20 work for a day. 11.A.reduce B.reducing C.offer D.offering 12.A.robots B.robot C.apps D.app 13.A.to B.in C.on D.at 14.A.difficult B.difficultly C.quick D.quickly 15.A.are B.is C.was D.were 16.A./ B.the C.a D.an 17.A.the most delicious B.most delicious C.more delicious D.delicious 18.A.argue B.to argue C.know D.to know 19.A.will make B.has made C.are making D.makes 20.A.them B.they C.their D.theirs (3) Have you ever heard of Liu Hasheng’s restaurant? 21 you visit his restaurant in Harbin, you will find 18 robots there. They 22 ready to serve you and make sure that your dining experience is perfect. It’s wonderful to see the 18 23 work in the restaurant. When you walk in, a robot will come up and say, “Earth person, hello! Welcome 24 the Robot Restaurant.” What an amazing experience! After you order the food, the robots will cook it 25 in the kitchen. After the food is ready, a robot waiter will glide (滑行) out of the kitchen to serve you with 26 food. And the food is much 27 than other food. You may want 28 where the robots come from. Liu said, “The Harbin Haohai Robot Company 29 many such robots since 2021. They are working in some restaurants.” After a busy day, all the robots will go for a “meal”. After 5 hours, the robots can continue 30 work for a day. 21.A.But B.Or C.If D.Although 22.A.be B.are C.am D.is 23.A.robots B.robot C.blocks D.block 24.A.to B.in C.on D.at 25.A.difficult B.difficultly C.quick D.quickly 26.A./ B.the C.a D.an 27.A.the most delicious B.most delicious C.more delicious D.delicious 28.A.advise B.to advise C.know D.to know 29.A.will make B.has made C.are making D.makes 30.A.them B.they C.their D.theirs 二、完形填空 (1) People are living longer these days. That’s good news. It’s great to have a long life. 31 , getting old can bring a lot of problems. Many people get sick and need care. When there are many old people in society, finding care is 32 . There aren’t enough people to do this job. Today, technology is helping us solve this problem. New robots can give old people all kinds of 33 . Some of them lift and move people from one bed to another. Others help people around their own homes. There are even robots that can just be good friends. The simplest care robots are like pets. 34 you touch them, they will move or make animal sounds. They bring real joy to old people, and 35 has to feed them. Sometimes, old people just 36 an assistant (助手). Some care robots use AI. They can help old people with many things. The robots 37 people to take medicine, do exercise, and see the doctor. Also, if the robot’s owner is in trouble, the robot will call someone for help. Other care robots do 38 jobs. They pick things up, help people walk, and lead groups in dances. Japanese hospitals use these robots now. The people there like them a lot. Many of these robots can not only help old people do things, but also help them feel useful and independent. Some companies make their robots look 39 . They look like they need care. That way, people will 40 the robots while the robots need them. 31.A.Later B.Again C.Instead D.However 32.A.cheap B.lazy C.difficult D.terrible 33.A.care B.food C.advice D.information 34.A.Or B.When C.Until D.Although 35.A.somebody B.anybody C.everybody D.nobody 36.A.share B.need C.ask D.miss 37.A.remind B.stop C.refuse D.choose 38.A.useless B.dirty C.perfect D.physical 39.A.polite B.weak C.common D.great 40.A.throw away B.worry about C.care for D.clear out (2) Before the wheel was invented, humans travelled 41 foot for thousands of years. They could only carry small amounts of food and goods, so moving to new places was 42 . Around 6,000 years ago, people in Kazakhstan started riding horses. This made travel faster, but transporting large goods was still 43 . The wheel changed everything. The first wheels were probably used to make pottery, but soon people realized they could use them for 44 . They attached wheels to horse-pulled vehicles, and suddenly farmers could send their goods to markets far away. This helped 45 national and international trade. At first, roads were just old walking paths. They became hard to use when it rained, so people built the first stone roads. The Romans then invented new road-building 46 , and their roads were so good that some are still used today. The wheel also helped build many machines. Windmills, clocks, and later, steam locomotives and cars all 47 on wheels. Even in our digital world, we use wheels in devices like 3D printers. There is no 48 that the wheel is one of the most important inventions of all time. It changed how people travelled, traded, and built things, and it still plays a big 49 in our lives today. We can hardly imagine a world 50 wheels. 41.A.on B.by C.with D.at 42.A.easy B.difficult C.fast D.comfortable 43.A.easy B.simple C.hard D.impossible 44.A.fun B.work C.travel D.games 45.A.stop B.reduce C.increase D.control 46.A.problems B.techniques C.tools D.materials 47.A.depend B.live C.work D.move 48.A.question B.doubt C.need D.problem 49.A.part B.place C.role D.task 50.A.with B.without C.for D.about (3) Mr. Clarke works in a middle school. He likes reading and often 51 some books from the library. He listens to the radio every morning and reads 52 after supper. So he knows much and teaches well. His students worship (崇拜) him very much. Mike, Mr. Clarke’s little son, is only nine. He 53 likes reading books. And he often asks his father some questions. Mr. Clarke always thinks he’s too young to understand him and chooses 54 ones to answer. Of course, the boy is not satisfied with (对……满意) it. One day, Mike read 55 about the electric lights and was 56 it. When his father told him to do some housework, he went on thinking of it. He asked him a few questions, and his father answered all. Then his father said, “Fathers always know 57 than sons!” “The boy thought for a while and said, I don’t think so.” His father asked, “Oh? Why?” Mike didn’t answer and asked 58 , “ 59 invented the electric lights?” “Thomas Edison,” answered Mr. Clarke. “Why didn’t his 60 invent them, then?” Looking at his son, Mr. Clarke didn’t know what to answer! 51.A.finds B.sells C.borrows D.buys 52.A.CD B.music C.TV D.newspapers 53.A.also B.never C.even D.only 54.A.more difficult B.the most difficult C.easily D.the easiest 55.A.everything B.nothing C.something D.anything 56.A.worried about B.interested in C.afraid of D.angry with 57.A.more B.most C.less D.least 58.A.instead B.carefully C.quickly D.brightly 59.A.Who B.Where C.When D.What 60.A.teacher B.mother C.son D.Father 三、阅读理解 (1) A 14-year-old girl from India invented a special washing machine: the pedal-powered washing machine. She came up with the idea because her family didn’t have electricity, and her mother had to wash clothes by hand every day. The machine looks like a bicycle connected to a washing drum. How does it work? When you ride the bicycle, the movement turns the drum inside the washing machine. The clothes move around in the water, just like they do in an electric washing machine. You don’t need electricity at all. This makes it perfect for places with no power, or for people who want to save energy. The machine is cheap to build and easy to use. It helps people save time and energy. Instead of spending hours washing clothes by hand, people can ride a bicycle and do other things at the same time. It also produces no pollution, so it is good for the environment. Many people around the world are now using this simple but useful invention. 61.Why did the girl invent the pedal-powered washing machine? A.She wanted to sell it to make money. B.Her family didn’t have electricity, and her mother washed clothes by hand. C.She wanted to win a science competition. D.She hated riding bicycles and wanted to make it more useful. 62.What does the pedal-powered washing machine look like? A.A normal washing machine with solar panels. B.A bicycle connected to a washing drum. C.A car with wheels that can wash clothes. D.A small drum that you carry on your back. 63.What is one advantage of the pedal-powered washing machine? A.It uses very little water. B.It works without electricity. C.It can dry clothes automatically. D.It is very fast, finishing in 5 minutes. 64.What is the main idea of the passage? A.Electric washing machines are bad for the environment. B.A girl invented a useful, pollution-free washing machine using bicycle power. C.How to build a pedal-powered washing machine at home. D.Washing clothes by hand is better for people’s health. (2) At the 15th National Games, a special helper slowly came into public view—a six-legged guide robot there to help blind people. It was not just a cold machine; it moved gently and worked carefully and wisely, just like a friend. During the Games, the robot became useful “eyes” for many visitors who have trouble seeing. It could understand spoken words and lead the way safely. In busy places like stadiums and parks, the robot moved smoothly. It “saw” things in the way, such as chairs or people walking by, and quickly found a safer path. This helped blind visitors move around more easily and feel less worried. What makes this robot special is its six legs. They help it walk well on different terrains—inside buildings, on grass, or on streets. Besides, it does not always need the internet to work. After the Games, the robot still helps people. Now it guides blind people in train stations, airports, and other public places. It can also tell users about traffic lights and help at home. Like Easton’s story of the helping hand, this robot shows how a good idea can become helpful. Unlike (不像) expensive medical equipment, it is made to be light, safe, and not costly—something ordinary families can actually consider buying. This way, more people can use it. The robot does not just help with walking—it gives more freedom, safety, and friendship to those who need it. In short, this six-legged guide robot was more than just a star at the National Games. It showed us a future of smart and friendly technology. This kind of technology is inexpensive and can become a part of everyday life. Now, by helping blind people in stations, airports, and even at home, it is truly making the world safer, and warmer. 65.How does the writer begin the passage? A.By describing a vivid scene. B.By asking some questions. C.By telling an interesting story. D.By giving enough examples. 66.How did the robot help blind visitors during the Games? A.It guided them. B.It comforted them. C.It talked to them. D.It found seats for them. 67.What does the underlined word “terrains” in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Parts of buildings. B.Sizes of robots. C.Types of ground. D.Weather conditions. 68.Why does the writer mention Easton’s story of the helping hand? A.To show that building robots is very expensive. B.To explain how the robot’s legs were designed. C.To give an example of another helpful machine. D.To show how good ideas can help people in real life. 69.Which is the best title for the passage? A.A Smart but Expensive Robot B.Helping Hands at the Games C.The Story of a Six-Legged Robot D.A Six-legged Helper for the Blind (3) The History of the Wheel The wheel is one of the most important inventions in human history. Before the wheel was invented, people travelled on foot or rode horses. They could not carry large amounts of goods easily. Around 3500 BCE, the first wheel was probably invented in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq). At first, people used wheels to make pottery. Later, they realized that wheels could be used for transport. By 3200 BCE, people started attaching wheels to horse-pulled carts. This made transporting goods much faster and easier. Farmers could send their crops to markets far away, and trade between villages grew. The wheel also led to the building of better roads. The Romans built stone roads with good surfaces, some of which are still used today. Over time, the wheel changed many things. Windmills, clocks, and later, steam locomotives, cars, and planes all depend on wheels. Even in our modern digital age, we use wheels in 3D printers and other machines. Without the wheel, many of the things we take for granted would not exist. 70.What did people use the first wheels for? A.Pulling carts. B.Making pottery. C.Building roads. D.Travelling on horses. 71.When did people start using wheels on horse-pulled carts? A.Around 3500 BCE. B.Around 3200 BCE. C.In 1783. D.In 1801. 72.Why did the wheel lead to better roads? A.People needed roads that could handle wheeled vehicles. B.Horses needed better paths to walk on. C.The Romans wanted to build roads for tourism. D.Steam locomotives required stone roads. 73.What is the main idea of the passage? A.The wheel was only used for transport in ancient times. B.The invention of the wheel changed human life in many ways. C.The Romans invented the first stone roads. D.Modern machines do not depend on wheels anymore. 四、语篇填词 (1) 根据下列语篇以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时,要求写出完整单词。(每空只写一词) Bi Sheng was a great inventor in ancient China. He invented movable type (活字印刷) about 1,000 years ago. Before his invention, people printed books with one big wood block for each page. It was very slow and e 74 . Bi Sheng had a clever i 75 . He made many small clay blocks, and each block had one Chinese character on it. These blocks could be moved and reused. To print a book, he just needed to p 76 the blocks in the right order. This invention made printing much f 77 and cheaper. More people could learn to read because books were easier to get. Bi Sheng’s movable type is an important invention in h 78 . It helped spread knowledge all over the world. (2) 根据下列语篇以及所给单词的首字母写出所缺单词。在填写答题卡时,要求写出完整单词。(每空只写一词) Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook’s inventor, showed his t 79 in programming when he was very young. To encourage him, his father p 80 to support his interest and bought him a computer as a gift. With it, Zuckerberg even created a smart music app. The app was designed to r 81 users’ data like how often they played a song, so it could give good suggestions. A 82 the early version had some small issues, it soon ran s 83 and became popular among its users. Looking back on his journey, Zuckerberg was completely certain that trusting his own judgment was the key to his success. (3) 根据下文中所给的首字母写出空格所缺的单词,使句子通顺合理并符合语法要求。在填写答题卷时,要求写出完整单词。(每空只写一词) The first computer was invented in 1946 in America. It was heavy and huge. As time went by, scientists d 84 it and kept trying to make it become lighter and tinier, so now people can take their tablet computers anytime, anywhere. The computer becomes more and more p 85 . Most of the people think the computer is one of the greatest i 86 in the 20th century. Because of the computer, we make many things possible. For example, computers can give an o 87 to robots to do dangerous jobs instead of people, and computers are widely used to build intelligent houses. H 88 , many people still worry that computers will take the place of human beings. 参考答案 一、 (1) 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.A 10.C 【导语】本文讲述了中学生Lily发现野餐携带物品不便,利用旧物发明专用野餐袋的故事,启示我们要关注生活,善于创造。 【详解】1.句意:她总是努力在日常生活中获得新主意。 此处需要动词不定式,作try的宾语,表“努力去做某事”。 固定搭配try to do sth“尽力做某事”,她在生活中总努力想出新点子,因此选to get。 2.句意:然而,他们总是发现很难携带所有的东西。 all后面接可数名词复数,野餐要携带很多“物品”,因此选things。 3.句意:然后一个主意涌现到她脑海中。 idea以元音音素开头,且表泛指“一个主意”,因此选an。 4.句意:她开始了她的发明。 该句所在段落讲述过去发生的故事,时态为一般过去时,start的过去式是started。 5.句意:她找到了一些旧布和绳子,所以她不需要花任何钱。 根据前后句为因果关系,前因后果,so引出结果,因此选so。 6.句意:Lily仔细地处理布料以确保袋子能装下所有野餐物品。 修饰动词要用副词,carefully是副词;careful是形容词、negative“消极的”语义不符,因此选carefully。 7.句意:当袋子准备好时,她检查了重量。 bag是单数名词,全文为过去时态,对应be动词用was。 8.句意:现在,Lily的家人可以比以前更轻松地享受野餐了。 根据“than”可知用比较级,“easily”是多音节副词,前面加more。 9.句意:通过关注日常生活,人们更容易发现问题并解决它们。 固定句型It’s+形容词+for sb. to do sth.表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”,因此选for。 10.句意:更多的人将学会从他们自己的生活中创造伟大的事物。 根据修饰名词“own lives”需用形容词性物主代词,因此选their。 (2) 11.C 12.A 13.A 14.D 15.B 16.B 17.C 18.D 19.B 20.C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了哈尔滨一家由机器人提供服务的餐厅,包括机器人的服务内容、食物特点以及机器人的来源等信息。 【详解】11.句意:它们会为你提供完美的服务,因为它们希望你的用餐体验是完美的。 根据语境,机器人会“提供”服务,且will后接动词原形。“offer”表示“提供”,符合“机器人提供服务”的语境,且为动词原形。“reduce”表示“减少”,与“提供服务”的语境不符;“reducing”和“offering”为动名词或现在分词形式,不符合will后接动词原形的语法规则。 12.句意:看到这18个机器人在餐厅里工作真是太棒了。 根据前文“you will find 18 robots there”可知,此处指“18个机器人”,应用复数形式。“robots”为复数形式,符合语境。“robot”为单数形式,“apps”和“app”表示“应用程序”,均与“机器人”的语境不符。 13.句意:当你走进去时,一个机器人会走过来并说:“地球人,你好!欢迎来到机器人餐厅。” 此处考查固定搭配“welcome to...”(欢迎来到……)。“to”为介词,与“welcome”构成固定搭配,符合语境。“in”“on”“at”均无法与“welcome”构成该固定搭配。 14.句意:你点完菜后,机器人会在厨房里快速烹饪。 此处需要一个副词来修饰动词“cook”,结合语境是要表达机器人“快速地”烹饪食物,所以应该用“quickly” ,“difficultly”为副词,表示“困难地”,与语境不符。“difficult”为形容词,表示“困难的”,“quick”为形容词,均无法修饰动词“cook”。 15.句意:食物准备好后,一个机器人服务员会从厨房滑出来为你上菜。 根据“After the food...ready”可知,句子描述的是一般情况,用一般现在时。“food”是不可数名词,be动词用“is”。“are”用于复数主语,“was”和“were”为一般过去时,均不符合语境。 16.句意:食物准备好后,一个机器人服务员会从厨房滑出来为你服务上准备好的食物。 此处特指前文提到的“准备好的食物”,应用定冠词“the”。“the”为定冠词,表示特指,符合语境。“/”表示零冠词,“a”和“an”为不定冠词,表示泛指,均不符合语境。 17.句意:而且食物比其他食物好吃得多。 根据“than”可知,此处应用比较级形式。“more delicious”为“delicious”的比较级,表示“更美味”,符合语境。“the most delicious”和“most delicious”为最高级形式,“delicious”为原级,均不符合“than”引导的比较语境。 18.句意:你可能想知道这些机器人来自哪里。 根据语境,此处表示“想要知道”,且“want to do sth.”为固定搭配,应用动词不定式。“to know”为动词不定式,符合语境。“argue”表示“争论”,“to argue”为动词不定式,但与语境不符;“know”为动词原形,不符合“want to do sth.”的结构。 19.句意:刘说:“哈尔滨浩海机器人公司自2021年以来已经制造了许多这样的机器人。” 根据“since 2021”可知,句子应用现在完成时,表示从过去某一时间点开始持续到现在的动作或状态。“has made”为现在完成时形式,符合语境。“will make”为一般将来时,“are making”为现在进行时,“makes”为一般现在时,均不符合“since 2021”的时间背景。 20.句意:5小时后,机器人可以继续工作一天。 此处修饰名词“work”,需要用形容词性物主代词。“their”为形容词性物主代词,表示“它们的”,符合语境。“them”为人称代词宾格,“they”为人称代词主格,“theirs”为名词性物主代词,均无法修饰名词“work”。 (3) 21.C 22.B 23.A 24.A 25.D 26.B 27.C 28.D 29.B 30.C 【导语】本文主要介绍了哈尔滨一家名为“刘哈生”的机器人餐厅。文章描述了餐厅中18个机器人迎宾、烹饪、送餐的工作场景,并介绍了它们的来源和日常维护。 【详解】21.句意:如果你参观他在哈尔滨的餐厅,你会发现那里有18个机器人。 But但是;Or或者;If如果;Although虽然。根据主句“you will find...”可知,这是一个条件状语从句,表示在某种条件下会发生某事。If引导条件状语从句,符合逻辑。故选C。 22.句意:他们准备好为你服务,并确保你的用餐体验完美。 be是,动词原形;are是,be的第二人称单数形式和第一人称、第二人称和第三人称的复数形式;am是,be动词现在时第一人称单数;is是,be 的第三人称单数现在时形式。主语They是第三人称复数,系动词需用are。故选B。 23.句意:看到这18个机器人在餐厅工作是很棒的。 robots机器人(复数);robot机器人(单数);blocks积木(复数);block积木(单数)。根据前文“18 robots there”及本句“the 18...”可知,此处指上文提到的18个机器人,应使用复数名词。robot的复数形式是robots。blocks和block与餐厅主题无关。故选A。 24.句意:欢迎来到机器人餐厅。 to到;in在……里;on在……上;at在。根据固定搭配“welcome to + 地点”,表示“欢迎来到某地”。其他介词均不能与welcome构成此固定搭配。故选A。 25.句意:在你点餐之后,机器人会在厨房里迅速地烹饪食物。 difficult困难的(形容词);difficultly困难地(副词,不常用);quick快速的(形容词);quickly快速地(副词)。空格修饰动词cook,需用副词。quickly表示“快速地”,符合机器人高效工作的语境。difficultly意思不符,且不常用;difficult和quick是形容词,不能修饰动词。故选D。 26.句意:食物准备好后,一个机器人服务员会从厨房滑行出来,用这食物为你服务。 /零冠词;the那个,定冠词,表特指;a一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头单词前;an一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于元音音素开头单词前。此处特指“前面客人点好、并被烹饪好的食物”,是双方都知道的特定食物,需用定冠词the。故选B。 27.句意:而且这食物比其他食物美味得多。 the most delicious最美味的(the+最高级);most delicious最美味的(最高级);more delicious更美味的(比较级);delicious美味的(原级)。根据关键词“than other food”,表示与其他食物比较,需用形容词的比较级。delicious是多音节词,比较级为more delicious。故选C。 28.句意:你可能想知道这些机器人来自哪里。 advise建议(动词原形);to advise建议(动词不定式);know知道(动词原形);to know知道(动词不定式)。根据固定搭配“want to do sth.”,空格处需填动词不定式。根据“where the robots come from”可知,想知道来源,应填to know。故选D。 29.句意:哈尔滨好海机器人公司自2021年以来已经制造了许多这样的机器人。 will make将制造(一般将来时);has made已经制造了(现在完成时);are making正在制造(现在进行时);makes制造(一般现在时)。根据时间状语“since 2021”,表示动作从过去持续到现在,需用现在完成时。has made符合。故选B。 30.句意:5小时后,机器人可以继续它们一天的工作。 them他们(宾格);they他们(主格);their它们的(形容词性物主代词);theirs他们的(名词性物主代词)。空格后是名词work,因此空格处需用形容词性物主代词their来修饰名词,表示“它们的工作”。故选C。 二、 (1) 31.D 32.C 33.A 34.B 35.D 36.B 37.A 38.D 39.B 40.C 【导语】本文主要讲述了人口老龄化使照顾老人成为难题。护理机器人应运而生,它们不仅能提供生活照顾和体力帮助,还能给予情感陪伴,让老人感到自己有用和独立。 【详解】31.句意:然而,变老也会带来很多问题。 前文说长寿是好事,后文说变老带来问题,前后是转折关系,用“However”,表示“然而”,符合语境,故选However。“Later”后来,“Again”再次,“Instead”相反,均不符合。 32.句意:当社会中有很多老人时,找到护理人员就变得困难。 根据后文“There aren’t enough people to do this job”,可知找到护理是“困难的”,故选difficult。“cheap”便宜的,“lazy”懒惰的,“terrible”可怕的,均不符合。 33.句意:新型机器人可以为老人提供各种护理/帮助。 根据后文描述机器人帮助老人移动、做家务、做朋友,可知它们提供“护理/帮助”,故选care。“food”食物,“advice”建议,“information”信息,均不符合。 34.句意:当你触摸它们时,它们会移动或发出动物的声音。 此处需要一个表示“当……的时候”的连词来引导时间状语从句,故选When。“Or”或者,“Until”直到,“Although”虽然,均不符合。 35.句意:它们给老人带来真正的快乐,而且不需要任何人喂它们。 按常识可知“robots”不需要人来喂,空格后“ has to feed them”是肯定,主语应表示否定,故选nobody。“somebody”某人,“anybody”任何人,“everybody”每个人,均不符合。 36.句意:有时老人只是需要一个助手。 根据后文机器人帮助老人做很多事情,可知老人“需要”助手,故选need。“share”分享,“ask”问/要求,“miss”想念,均不符合。 37.句意:机器人提醒人们吃药、做运动和看医生。 根据前文“They can help old people with many things. ”,可知机器人是“提醒”人们吃药等,故选remind。“stop”停止,“refuse”拒绝,“choose”选择,均不符合。 38.句意:其他护理机器人做体力活。 根据后文“pick things up, help people walk, and lead groups in dances”,这些都是“体力”工作,故选physical。“useless”无用的,“dirty”脏的,“perfect”完美的,均不符合。 39.句意:一些公司让他们的机器人看起来很弱。 根据后文“They look like they need care”,可知它们被设计得看起来“虚弱的/需要照顾的”,故选weak。“polite”礼貌的,“common”普通的,“great”伟大的,均不符合。 40.句意:这样,人们会在机器人需要他们的同时关爱机器人。 根据前文机器人看起来需要照顾,人们会“关心/照顾”它们,故选care for。“throw away”扔掉,“worry about”担心,“clear out”清理,均不符合。 (2) 41.A 42.B 43.C 44.C 45.C 46.B 47.A 48.B 49.C 50.B 【导语】本文主要介绍了轮子的发明历史及其对人类旅行、贸易、道路建设和机器制造的重大影响,强调了轮子的重要性。 【详解】41.句意:发明轮子之前,人类步行了数千年。 固定搭配on foot,表示“步行”。by通过、with和、at在,均无此搭配。 42.句意:他们只能携带少量食物和货物,所以搬去新地方是困难的。 根据前文“只能携带少量”,可知移动困难。easy容易的、fast快的、comfortable舒适的,不符合语境。 43.句意:这使得旅行更快,但运输大件货物仍然很难。 根据but转折,可知虽然快了,但运大件物品仍然困难。easy容易的、simple简单的,语境不符。impossible不可能的,过于绝对。 44.句意:但很快人们意识到可以用它们来旅行。 根据后文“送货物去市场”,属于运输旅行范畴。fun乐趣、work工作、games游戏,语境不符。 45.句意:这有助于增加国内和国际贸易。 根据语境,交通便利会促进贸易增长。stop停止、 reduce减少、control控制,语境不符。 46.句意:罗马人发明了新的筑路技术。 根据“发明”和“道路好”,可知指修建道路的方法技术。problems问题、tools工具、materials材料,语境不符。 47.句意:风车、钟表等都依赖轮子。 固定搭配depend on,表示“依靠,依赖”。live居住、work工作、move移动,句意不通。 48.句意:毫无疑问轮子是有史以来最重要的发明之一。 固定句型There is no doubt that…,表示“毫无疑问……”。question问题、need需要、problem麻烦,均无此搭配。 49.句意:它在今天生活中扮演重要角色。 固定搭配play a big role,意为“扮演重要角色,发挥重要作用”。part部分、place地方、task任务,无法构成搭配。 50.句意:我们很难想象一个没有轮子的世界。 前文强调重要性,可知是想象“没有”轮子的世界。with有、for为了、about关于,句意不通。 (3) 51.C 52.D 53.A 54.D 55.C 56.B 57.A 58.A 59.A 60.D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了克拉克先生的儿子迈克对电灯的发明产生了兴趣,通过提问“为什么爱迪生的父亲没有发明电灯”,反驳了父亲“父亲总是比儿子懂得多”的观点,体现了孩子的好奇心和独特的思维方式。 【详解】51.句意:他喜欢读书,并经常从图书馆借一些书。 finds找到;sells卖;borrows借;buys买。根据“from the library”可知,此处指从图书馆借书。故选C。 52.句意:他每天早上听收音机,晚饭后看报纸。 CD光盘;music音乐;TV电视;newspapers报纸。根据“reads”可知,此处指看报纸。故选D。 53.句意:他也喜欢读书。 also也;never从不;even甚至;only仅仅。根据“He likes reading”和“He...likes reading books.”可知,克拉克先生喜欢读书,所以此处表示他的儿子也喜欢读书。故选A。 54.句意:克拉克先生总是认为他太年轻,听不懂他的话,于是选择最容易的问题来回答。 more difficult比较难的;the most difficult最难的;easily容易地;the easiest最容易的。根据“Mr. Clarke always thinks he’s too young to understand him”可知,克拉克先生总认为儿子太小,理解不了,因此他会选择最容易的问题来回答。故选D。 55.句意:一天,迈克读到一些关于电灯的内容,很感兴趣。 everything一切;nothing没有什么;something某事,用于肯定句;anything任何东西,用于否定句或疑问句中。根据“Mike read...about the electric lights”可知,本句是肯定句,此处指他读了一些关于电灯的内容。故选C。 56.句意:一天,迈克读到一些关于电灯的东西,很感兴趣。 worried about担心;interested in对……感兴趣;afraid of害怕;angry with生气。根据“When his father told him to do some housework, he went on thinking of it.”可知,他对电灯的相关内容感兴趣。故选B。 57.句意:他父亲说:“父亲总是比儿子知道得多!” more比较多的;most最多的;less较少的;least最少的。根据“than”可知,此处应填比较级;根据“He asked him a few questions, and his father answered all.”可知,此处指父亲总是比儿子知道得多。故选A。 58.句意:迈克没有回答,而是问:“电灯是谁发明的?” instead反而;carefully仔细地;quickly快速地;brightly明亮地。根据“Mike didn’t answer”和“...invented the electric lights?”可知,迈克没有回答,反而问了爸爸问题。故选A。 59.句意:迈克没有回答,而是问:“电灯是谁发明的?” Who谁;Where在哪里;When什么时候;What什么。根据“‘Thomas Edison,’ answered Mr. Clarke.”可知,迈克问爸爸是谁发明了电灯。故选A。 60.句意:那么,为什么他父亲没有发明它们呢? teacher老师;mother母亲;son儿子;Father父亲。根据“Fathers always know...than sons!”可知,克拉克先生认为父亲总是比儿子知道得多,迈克为反驳这一观点,反问“为什么爱迪生的父亲没有发明电灯呢?”。故选D。 三、 (1) 61.B 62.B 63.B 64.B 【导语】本文介绍了一名印度女孩因家中无电、母亲只能手洗衣物,发明了一款自行车脚踏式洗衣机,并说明了它的外形、工作原理以及省时节能、无污染等诸多优点。 【详解】61.根据第一段“She came up with the idea because her family didn’t have electricity, and her mother had to wash clothes by hand every day.”可知,她发明这个机器是因为家里没有电,且母亲每天必须手洗衣服。 62.根据第一段“The machine looks like a bicycle connected to a washing drum.”可知,这台机器看起来像是一辆连接着洗衣桶的自行车。 63.根据第二段“You don’t need electricity at all.”以及第三段提到的节省能源、无污染等优点可知,不需要电力是其主要优势之一。 64.通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了一位印度女孩发明了一种利用自行车动力驱动的洗衣机,讲述了发明原因、工作原理及其环保、实用等优点。B选项最能概括文章中心思想。 (2) 65.A 66.A 67.C 68.D 69.D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了在第十五届全运会上亮相的六足导盲机器人,介绍了它的功能、独特构造、使用优势,展现智能科技为视障人群带来便利,展望友好亲民的智能科技走进日常生活。 【详解】65.根据第一段“At the 15th National Games, a special helper slowly came into public view—a six-legged guide robot there to help blind people. It was not just a cold machine; it moved gently and worked carefully and wisely, just like a friend.”可知,开头描绘六足导盲机器人缓缓进入人们视野、行动轻柔如朋友的画面,通过清晰场景描写引入说明对象。 66.根据第二段可知,机器人可以听懂语音指令、安全引路,识别障碍物并规划安全路线,也就是为视障人群引路导航。 67.根据“They help it walk well on different terrains—inside buildings, on grass, or on streets.”可知,建筑物内、草地上、街道上,均为不同地面环境,因此单词含义为“各类地面/地形”。 68.根据第四段“Like Easton’s story of the helping hand, this robot shows how a good idea can become helpful.”可知,两者道理一致,说明好的创意能够在现实生活中帮助人们。 69.全文围绕专为视障人群设计的六足导盲辅助机器人展开,D选项“A Six-legged Helper for the Blind”精准概括文章核心内容。 (3) 70.B 71.B 72.A 73.B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍轮子的发明历史、发展过程,以及轮子从古至今在交通、生产、各类器械领域对人类生活带来的巨大改变。 【详解】70.根据原文第一段“Around 3500 BCE, the first wheel was probably invented in Mesopotamia... At first, people used wheels to make pottery.”可知,最初人们使用轮子制作陶器,对应选项B。 71.根据原文第二段“By 3200 BCE, people started attaching wheels to horse-pulled carts.”可知,公元前3200年左右,人们开始把轮子装在马车上,对应选项B。 72.轮子被用于马车运输货物后,运输需求提升,人们需要能承载带轮车辆的平整道路,因此推动了更好道路的修建,A选项“人们需要能适配带轮车辆的道路”符合逻辑;文中并未提及马、旅游、蒸汽机车相关内容,排除B、C、D。 73.通读全文,文章先介绍轮子的起源,再讲轮子推动贸易、道路建设,最后说明从古至今风车、汽车、飞机、3D打印机等设备都离不开轮子,核心是轮子的发明从多方面改变了人类生活,对应选项B。 四、 (1) 74.expensive/xpensive 75.idea/dea 76.put/ut/place/lace 77.faster/aster 78.history/istory 【导语】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国古代发明家毕昇及其发明的活字印刷术,对比传统雕版印刷的不足,说明活字印刷术提高了印刷效率、降低了成本,强调其在历史上的重要意义及对知识传播的作用。 74.句意:在他的发明之前,人们每页书用一块大木块印刷,这既慢又昂贵。根据“Before his invention, people printed books with one big wood block for each page. It was very slow and…”和首字母e可知,此处描述传统印刷的缺点,与“slow”并列,形容词expensive“昂贵的”符合语境,故填expensive。 75.句意:毕昇有一个聪明的想法。根据“Bi Sheng had a clever…He made many small clay blocks…”和首字母i可知,此处指毕昇的发明构想,名词idea“想法”符合语境,由a可知用单数,故填idea。 76.句意:要印一本书,他只需要把木块按正确顺序摆放。根据“To print a book, he just needed to…the blocks in the right order.”和首字母p可知,此处指“摆放木块”,动词put“放置”/place“放置,安放”符合语境;need to后接动词原形,故填put/place。 77.句意:这项发明使印刷更快更便宜。根据“This invention made printing much… and cheaper.”和首字母f可知,此处与“cheaper”并列,描述活字印刷的优点,fast的比较级faster“更快的”符合语境,故填faster。 78.句意:毕昇的活字印刷是历史上一项重要发明。根据“Bi Sheng’s movable type is an important invention in…”和首字母h可知,此处指“在历史上”,名词history“历史”符合语境,故填history。 (2) 79.talent/alent 80.promised/romised 81.record/ecord 82.Although/lthough 83.smoothly/moothly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了脸书发明者马克 扎克伯格在很小的时候就展现出编程天赋,他的父亲鼓励他,承诺支持他的兴趣并给他买了电脑作为礼物,他用电脑创建了一个智能音乐应用程序,尽管早期版本有一些小问题,但很快运行顺利并受到用户欢迎,回顾自己的历程,扎克伯格坚信相信自己的判断是成功的关键。 【详解】79.句意:脸书的发明者马克 扎克伯格在很小的时候就展示出了他在编程方面的天赋。根据“With it, Zuckerberg even created a smart music app.”可知,他用电脑创建了一个智能音乐应用程序,说明他在编程方面有天赋,show one’s talent“展示某人的天赋”,talent“天赋”,名词,故填talent。 80.句意:为了鼓励他,他的父亲承诺支持他的兴趣并给他买了一台电脑作为礼物。根据“To encourage him”可知,为了鼓励他,他的父亲应该是承诺支持他的兴趣,promise“承诺”,动词,根据“bought”可知,句子是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故填promised。 81.句意:这个应用程序旨在记录用户的数据,比如他们播放一首歌曲的频率,以便它能给出好的建议。根据“users’ data like how often they played a song”可知,应用程序应该是记录用户的数据,record“记录”,动词,be designed to do sth“旨在做某事”,故填record。 82.句意:尽管早期版本有一些小问题,但它很快运行顺利并受到用户的欢迎。根据“the early version had some small issues…it soon ran…and became popular among its users.”可知,前后是转折关系,结合首字母,应用although“尽管”引导让步状语从句,故填Although。 83.句意:尽管早期版本有一些小问题,但它很快运行顺利并受到用户的欢迎。根据“became popular among its users.”可知,应用程序受到用户的欢迎,说明它运行顺利,smoothly“顺利地”,副词修饰动词ran,故填smoothly。 (3) 84.(d)eveloped 85.(p)opular 86.(i)nventions 87.(o)rder 88.(H)owever 【导语】本文讲述了计算机的发展历程及其对社会的影响。 【详解】84.句意:随着时间的推移,科学家们开发了它,并不断尝试让它变得更轻、更小,所以现在人们可以随时随地带着他们的平板电脑。根据“As time went by, scientists…it and kept trying to make it become lighter and tinier, so now people can take their tablet computers anytime, anywhere.”以及首字母可知,此处指开发。develop“开发”,动词。根据kept可知,该句使用一般过去时,谓语动词使用过去式,develop的过去式为developed。故填(d)eveloped。 85.句意:计算机越来越受欢迎。根据“The computer becomes more and more...”以及首字母可知,此处指受欢迎。形容词作表语。popular“受欢迎的”,形容词。故填(p)opular。 86.句意:大多数人认为计算机是20世纪最伟大的发明之一。根据“Most of the people think the computer is one of the greatest…in the 20th century