Unit 1 形容词的比较级和最高级能力提升训练（语法讲解+分层精练）-2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

译林版八年级上册 Unit 1 形容词的比较级和最高级能力提升训练 语法讲解+分层精练 · 语法讲解 （一）基本概念 形容词有三种形式：原级、比较级和最高级，用于描述人或事物的特征，并体现不同程度的对比。 · 原级：描述事物本身的特征，不进行对比，即形容词原形。 · 比较级：用于两者之间的比较，意为 “更…… 的”。 · 最高级：用于三者及以上的人或事物中进行比较，意为 “最…… 的”。 （二）形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化 根据形容词的音节数量和结尾形式，变化规则分为以下几类： 1. 单音节形容词 & 部分双音节形容词 变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级 一般情况，直接加 -er / -est tall; long; small taller; longer; smaller tallest; longest; smallest 以不发音的字母 e 结尾，加 -r / -st nice; large; cute nicer; larger; cuter nicest; largest; cutest 重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅结尾），双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -er / -est big; thin; fat bigger; thinner; fatter biggest; thinnest; fattest 以 辅音字母 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i，再加 -er / -est happy; funny; tidy; pretty happier; funnier; tidier; prettier happiest; funniest; tidiest; prettiest 2. 多音节形容词（3 个及以上音节）& 部分双音节形容词 在形容词前加 more / most 构成比较级和最高级。 原级 比较级 最高级 interesting more interesting most interesting beautiful more beautiful most beautiful helpful more helpful most helpful 3. 不规则变化（需重点熟记） 没有固定变化规律，需单独记忆，是考试高频考点。 原级 比较级 最高级 用法提示 good / well better best good 修饰名词；well 修饰动词 bad / badly / ill worse worst bad 修饰名词；badly 修饰动词 many / much more most many 修饰可数名词；much 修饰不可数名词 little less least 修饰不可数名词，表 “更少的” far farther / further farthest / furthest farther 侧重距离更远；further 侧重程度 “进一步的” old older / elder oldest / eldest older 侧重年龄大小；elder 侧重长幼辈分（如 elder sister 姐姐） （三）核心用法详解 1. 形容词比较级的核心用法 （1）基本句型：两者比较 结构：A + be 动词 / 系动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B 表示 “A 比 B 更……”，是本单元最核心的句型。 · Betty's hair is longer than mine. 贝蒂的头发比我的长。 · Max is more humorous than his classmates. 马克斯比他的同学们更幽默。 · I think friends are more important than money. 我认为朋友比金钱更重要。 （2）比较级的修饰词 比较级前可以加修饰词来加强或减弱语气，常见修饰词： · 表 “…… 得多”：much, a lot, far · 表 “一点儿”：a little, a bit · 表 “甚至、更”：even, still （3）特殊句型 ① 比较级 + and + 比较级：表示 “越来越……” 例：Our friendship is getting better and better. 我们的友谊越来越好。 · 多音节词结构：more and more + 原级 例：Making friends is becoming more and more important for teenagers. 交朋友对青少年来说越来越重要。 ② the + 比较级，the + 比较级：表示 “越……，就越……” 例：The more you share with friends, the happier you will feel. 你和朋友分享得越多，就会越开心。 （4）两者选择疑问句 结构：Who/Which + be 动词 + 比较级，A or B? 例：Who is more helpful, Betty or Max? 谁更乐于助人，贝蒂还是马克斯？ 2. 形容词最高级的核心用法 （1）基本句型：三者及以上比较 结构：A + be 动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + 范围（in/of...） 例：Betty is the most trustworthy person in my life. 贝蒂是我生命中最值得信赖的人。 （2）范围的表达 · in + 场所 / 团体：表示 “在…… 之内”（整体范围） in our class /in the school /in China · of + 同类人 / 事物：表示 “在…… 当中”（同类比较） of the six students /of all my friends （3）高频拓展句型 ① one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 表示 “最…… 的…… 之一”，后面名词必须用复数。 ② 序数词 + 形容词最高级 表示 “第几最…… 的”。 3. 原级比较（基础补充） · 肯定结构：as + 形容词原级 + as，表示 “和…… 一样” · 否定结构：not as/so + 形容词原级 + as，表示 “不如……” （四）高频易错点总结 1. 比较对象不一致：切忌将人和物、不同类事物进行比较，需用名词性物主代词（mine, yours 等）避免重复。 2. 最高级漏加 the：除物主代词 / 所有格修饰的情况外，最高级前必须有 the。 3. 双写规则误用：只有 “重读闭音节 + 辅元辅结尾” 才双写，如 slow, new 等词无需双写。 4. 不规则变化混淆：禁止出现 gooder, badder 等错误形式。 · 能力提升精练 基础过关篇（夯实核心规则） 一、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级 1. tall _________ _________ 2. nice _________ _________ 3. big _________ _________ 4. happy _________ _________ 5. interesting _________ _________ 6. good _________ _________ 7. bad _________ _________ 8. much _________ _________ 9. little _________ _________ 10. thin _________ _________ 二、用括号内形容词的适当形式填空 1. Betty is _________ (helpful) than any other student in our group. 2. Max is the _________ (tall) boy in our class. 3. This story is _________ (funny) than that one. 4. I think friendship is _________ (important) than money. 5. Who is _________ (good) at English, Amy or Kitty? 6. Winter is the _________ (cold) season of a year. 7. My sister is a little _________ (shy) than me. 8. This is the _________ (beautiful) dress in the shop. 9. He feels even _________ (bad) today than yesterday. 10. Our school is becoming _________ and _________ (beautiful). 三、单项选择 1. — Who is _________, Tom or Mike? — Tom is. A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. the tallest 2. Betty is one of _________ girls in our class. A. kind B. kinder C. the kindest D. kindest 3. This book is _________ than that one. A. much interesting B. more much interesting C. much more interesting D. most interesting 4. The Yellow River is the second _________ river in China. A. long B. longer C. longest D. the longest 5. — Is your best friend as _________ as you? — No, she is more outgoing. A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. most outgoing D. the most outgoing 能力提升篇（灵活运用句型） 一、句型转换（每空一词） 1. Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.（改为同义句） Tom is _________ _________ boy in his class. 2. This film is more interesting than that one.（改为同义句） That film isn't _________ _________ _________ this one. 3. Betty is kind. Max is kinder.（合并为一句） Max is _________ _________ Betty. 4. The girl is my best friend. She has big eyes.（合并为一句） The girl _________ big eyes is my _________ friend. 5. I think English is important. Maths is more important.（合并为一句） I think Maths is _________ _________ _________ English. 二、单句改错（每句仅有一处错误） 1. My room is bigger than her. 2. He is tallest boy in our school. 3. This story is funnier than one. 4. The more you read, the wise you will be. 5. She is more taller than her deskmate. 三、汉译英 1. 贝蒂比我们班其他任何女生都乐于助人。 2. 马克斯是我认识的最幽默的人。 3. 真正的朋友会在你难过的时候让你变得更开心。 4. 我认为诚实是一个好朋友最重要的品质之一。 5. 我们的友谊变得越来越深厚了。 拓展拔高篇（综合语境运用） 一、完形填空 阅读短文，从每题所给选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 What makes a good friend? Different people have different answers. For me, a good friend should be honest first. I think honesty is 1 quality than any other one. If a friend always lies to you, you will never trust him. Second, a good friend should be humorous. My best friend Jack is 2 person I know. He always tells funny jokes and makes me laugh. I never feel bored with him. He is also 3 than most of my classmates. He often plays basketball with me after school. Third, a true friend should be helpful. When I have problems with my study, he is always there to help me. He is 4 than me at math, so he often helps me with my math homework. I feel very lucky to have such a good friend. I think a good friend makes our life 5 and more colourful. 1. A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important 2. A. funny B. funnier C. the funniest D. funniest 3. A. energetic B. more energetic C. most energetic D. the most energetic 4. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 5. A. happy B. happier C. happiest D. the happiest 二、书面表达小练笔 请以 “My Best Friend” 为题，写一篇 60 词左右的短文，介绍你最好的朋友。 要求：1. 包含外貌和性格品质；2. 至少使用 3 处形容词比较级或最高级。 参考答案 基础过关篇 一、写出比较级和最高级 1. taller; tallest 2. nicer; nicest 3. bigger; biggest 4. happier; happiest 5. more interesting; most interesting 6. better; best 7. worse; worst 8. more; most 9. less; least 10. thinner; thinnest 二、适当形式填空 1. more helpful 2. tallest 3. funnier 4. more important 5. better 6. coldest 7. shyer 8. most beautiful 9. worse 10. more; more beautiful 三、单项选择 1-5 B C C C A 能力提升篇 一、句型转换 1. the tallest 2. as/so interesting as 3. kinder than 4. with; best 5. more important than 二、单句改错 1. her → hers 2. tallest 前加 the 3. one 前加 that 4. wise → wiser 5. 去掉 more 或将 more 改为 much 三、汉译英 1. Betty is more helpful than any other girl in our class. 2. Max is the most humorous person I know. 3. A true friend can make you happier when you are sad. 4. I think honesty is one of the most important qualities of a good friend. 5. Our friendship is getting deeper and deeper. 拓展拔高篇 一、完形填空 1-5 B C B B B 二、书面表达参考范文 My Best Friend My best friend is Lisa. I first met her three years ago in primary school. She is taller than me and has big bright eyes. She is the most hard-working student in our class, so she always gets good grades. She is also more patient than most of my classmates. When I have difficulty with my study, she always helps me patiently. I'm so lucky to have such a wonderful friend. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $