Unit 1 Friendship形容词比较级和最高级精讲精练2026-2027 学年译林版英语八年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语译林版八年级上册Unit 1同步练，聚焦形容词比较级和最高级，通过分层设计实现从概念识别到语境应用的知识巩固，适配新授课语言能力与思维品质培养需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|比较级/最高级概念、规则/不规则变化|单项选择（25题），聚焦用法识别（如“the+最高级+范围”“比较级+than”）| |提升层|词形转换、语境应用|单词填空（15题），强化语法转化（如“far→further”“ill→worse”）|

答案解析 一、单项选择（25题） 1. 答案：C。解析：第一空one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最……之一”，填the oldest；第二空标志词than，用比较级longer，故选C。 2. 答案：C。解析：句中有than，需用形容词比较级；popular是多音节词，比较级为more popular，much可修饰比较级，B形式错误，A原级、D最高级均不符合，故选C。 3. 答案：B。解析：people是可数名词复数，更少的人用fewer；things可数名词复数，更多的事用more；less修饰不可数名词，排除A、D，结合句意“省钱就要更少人做更多活”，选B。 4. 答案：B。解析：第一空than提示比较级better；第二空in the world是三者以上范围，用the worst（最高级必须加the），故选B。 5. 答案：C。解析：English, French or Chinese三者对比，要用形容词最高级the most difficult；A原级、B比较级、D名词形式均错误，选C。 6. 答案：D。解析：固定结构one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，beautiful多音节词最高级the most beautiful，缺少the的C错误，选D。 7. 答案：A。解析：much修饰形容词比较级；easy单音节词，比较级easier；B副词比较级不能作表语，C、D变形错误，选A。 8. 答案：C。解析：序数词the second后接形容词最高级，the second largest island意为“第二大岛屿”，选C。 9. 答案：B。解析：语境隐含对比，想要更便宜的蛋糕，用cheap比较级cheaper；A原级、D最高级无对比范围，C变形错误，选B。 10. 答案：B。解析：than提示比较级，问句问Ella是否更高，否定回答说明更矮，short比较级shorter；C最高级、D变形错误，选B。 11. 答案：B。解析：than the other films为两者对比，后文想二刷说明电影更有趣，interesting多音节比较级more interesting，选B。 12. 答案：D。解析：much修饰比较级；busy以辅音+y结尾，变y为i加er，busier；C多了more，语法错误，选D。 13. 答案：B。解析：第一空eldest仅用于家人长幼，eldest sister大姐；第二空than提示比较级older，elder只能修饰名词不能放句末，选B。 14. 答案：A。解析：固定句型The+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……越……”；much比较级more，fat比较级fatter，选A。 15. 答案：B。解析：than提示比较级，hot重读闭音节双写t加er，hotter，选B。 16. 答案：C。解析：固定句型The+比较级，the+比较级；thin双写n比较级thinner，happy变y为i比较级happier，选C。 17. 答案：D。解析：one of the +最高级+名词复数，the biggest cities，A、B、C名词均为单数，结构错误，选D。 18. 答案：D。解析：第一空Yantai or Qinhuangdao两者对比，far比较级farther；第二空无对比对象，the closest表“最近的”，选D。 19. 答案：D。解析：I have ever known是范围，意为“我认识过的所有人里”，三者以上用the nicest最高级，选D。 20. 答案：A。解析：第一空this year限定范围，今年最新款式，the newest最高级；第二空隐含对比，想要更小一件，smaller比较级，选A。 21. 答案：D。解析：第一空in the world三者以上，highest最高级；第二空than any other mountain同范围比较，用比较级higher，选D。 22. 答案：B。解析：高铁和普通交通对比，much修饰比较级faster，选B。 23. 答案：C。解析：单音节形容词“比较级+and+比较级”表越来越……，warm→warmer and warmer，固定结构，选C。 24. 答案：B。解析：two sons两者对比，用比较级the younger，特指两者中更小的那个，youngest用于三者及以上，选B。 25. 答案：B。解析：you or your father两者对比，用比较级taller，最高级需三者及以上，选B。 二、用所给单词适当形式填空（15题） 1. 答案：elder。解析：elder brother固定搭配，哥哥，仅用于家人长幼区分，older只表年龄更大，不能修饰brother表亲属。 2. 答案：highest。解析：in the world三者及以上范围，high最高级highest，the+最高级。 3. 答案：further。解析：further study固定搭配，深造；farther只指实际距离，further可表抽象含义。 4. 答案：least。解析：in her class全班范围内，little最高级least，the least free time最少空闲时间。 5. 答案：closer。解析：标志词than，close比较级closer，much修饰比较级。 6. 答案：more polite。解析：than提示比较级，polite多音节形容词，比较级more polite。 7. 答案：lazier。解析：even修饰形容词比较级，lazy变y为i，lazier。 8. 答案：most useful。解析：one of the +最高级+名词复数，useful多音节，最高级most useful。 9. 答案：more comfortable。解析：than提示比较级，comfortable多音节，比较级more comfortable，and并列faster和more comfortable。 10. 答案：worse。解析：than提示比较级，ill不规则变化比较级worse。 11. 答案：better。解析：much修饰比较级，well（身体好）比较级better。 12. 答案：sadder。解析：even修饰比较级，sad重读闭音节双写d，sadder。 13. 答案：wetter。解析：than usual对比，wet重读闭音节双写t，wetter。 14. 答案：ugliest。解析：of all全部范围，ugly最高级ugliest。 15. 答案：most exciting。解析：in China大范围，修饰事物运动员用exciting，最高级most exciting。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版（新教材）八年级上册Unit 1 Friendship 单元核心语法精讲精练 核心语法：形容词比较级和最高级 一、基础概念 1. 比较级：两者对比，意为“更……、比……更……”，常用标志词 than 例句：My cousin is taller than I am. 我的表哥比我高。 2. 最高级：三者及以上对比，意为“最……”，前面通常加定冠词 the 例句：The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. 长江是中国最长的河流。 发音小提示： 1. 比较级后缀 -er 读 /ə(r)/，最高级后缀 -est 读 /ɪst/；单词末尾不发音的 r，变形后要读出 /r/，例：clear → clearer 2. 以 /ŋ/ 结尾单词（long、young）变形后增加 /g/ 音：long /lɒŋ/ → longer /ˈlɒŋɡə(r)/ 二、形容词比较级和最高级规则变化 分类 变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级 一般情况 在词尾加 -er 或 -est great greater greatest near nearer nearest young younger youngest 以-e结尾的词 在词尾加 -r 或 -st large larger largest late later latest 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节 双写辅音字母，再加 -er 或 -est hot hotter hottest thin thinner thinnest 以辅音字母+y结尾 先变y为i，再加 -er 或 -est early earlier earliest busy busier busiest 部分双音节词和多音节词 在词前加 more 或 most beautiful more beautiful most beautiful careful more careful most careful 三、不规则变化（必背） 原级 比较级 最高级 用法区分 good / well better best good修饰名词，well修饰动作、身体 bad / ill worse worst bad形容事物差，ill指人身体不适 many / much more most many+可数复数，much+不可数名词 little less least 只搭配不可数名词 far farther/further farthest/furthest farther：仅指实际距离 further：表距离/抽象含义（深造） old older/elder oldest/eldest older：通用（年龄、物品新旧） elder：仅家人长幼，只放名词前 四、比较级核心用法 1. 比较级 + than 引出对比对象 This picture is more beautiful than that one. 这幅画比那幅画好看。 2. which/who + 比较级, A or B 两者之间做选择 Which picture is more beautiful, this one or that one? 这幅和那幅画，哪幅更好看？ 3. 比较级前加 a little、much、even、a lot 修饰，表程度 China is much larger than Japan. 中国比日本大得多。 4. 比较级 + and + 比较级 表示“越来越……” 单音节/短双音节词：taller and taller、stronger and stronger 多音节形容词：more and more + 原级（不可重复 more） China is becoming more and more powerful. 中国正变得越来越强大。 五、最高级核心用法 1. the + 最高级 + 比较范围 介词 in 后接地点范围；of / among 后接人 I am the tallest of/among the three. 我是三个人里最高的。 Russia is the largest country in the world. 俄罗斯是世界上面积最大的国家。 2. 形容词性物主代词(my/his/her/our/their)+最高级，此时不加定冠词 the Peter is his oldest son. 彼得是他的大儿子。 3. 序数词修饰最高级：the + 序数词 + 最高级，表示“第几最……” In the USA, the second largest city is Los Angeles. 美国第二大城市是洛杉矶。 4. one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数：最……之一 The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长河流之一。 六、重难点补充：比较级表达最高级含义 不用最高级 the，借助比较级就能表达“在群体中最……”，分两类场景： 1. 同一范围内部对比（主语属于这个整体，要排除自身，加 other） 结构 例句 & 说明 比较级 + than any other + 名词单数 Tom runs faster than any other student in his class.（同班级，排除Tom自己） 比较级 + than the other + 名词复数 Tom runs faster than the other students in his class.（the other + 复数 = 剩下全部同学） 比较级 + than any of the other + 名词复数 Tom runs faster than any of the other students in his class. 语义同上 2. 不同范围 / 同范围不同类别对比（无需加 other） 结构 例句 & 说明 比较级 + than any + 名词单数（主语不在该群体） Tom runs faster than any student in Class Two.（Tom不在二班） 比较级 + than any + 不同类别名词单数 Tom runs faster than any girl in his class.（Tom是男生，和女生不属于同一类） 考点精练 一、单项选择（共25小题） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ( )1．—China is over 5,000 years old. It's one of ________ countries in the world. —Yes. It has a much ________ history than the USA. A．the oldest; the longer B．older; longer C．the oldest; longer D．old; long ( )2．The film A Letter to Grandma is very touching. And it’s ________ than any other film this year. A．popular B．much popular C．more popular D．the most popular ( )3．To save money, we have to ask ________ people to do ________ things. A．less; more B．fewer; more C．more; fewer D．more; less ( )4．—Hey, Jane. I watched the new movie last night. It’s ________ than I expected. —Really? But my brother said it was ________ in the world. A．best; worst B．better; the worst C．better; worse D．best; worse ( )5．Which language is ________, English, French or Chinese? A．difficult B．more difficult C．the most difficult D．more difficulties ( )6．Lake Baikal is one of ________ places in the world. A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful ( )7．Learning will become much _________ if you find the proper way. A．easier B．more easily C．more easy D．more easier ( )8．Hainan Island is a very large island. It’s the second ________ island in China. A．large B．larger C．largest D．most larger ( )9．---The cake is too expensive. Would you like to show me a ___________ one? --- Sure, here you are. A．cheap B．cheaper C．more cheap D．cheapest ( )10．— Is Ella taller than Emma? — No, she is ________ than Emma. A．taller B．shorter C．shortest D．more short ( )11．—Did you watch the film The Volunteers during the holiday? —Yes, of course. It is _________ than the other films, I think. I want to see it again. A．interesting B．more interesting C．less interesting D．the most interesting ( )12．I think my mother is much ________ than my father. A．busy B．very busy C．more busier D．busier ( )13．Since all the adults in my family are quite busy, my_________ sister is always taking care of me, but actually she is only three years_________ than me. A．oldest; older B．eldest; older C．oldest; elder D．eldest; elder ( )14．________ you eat, ________ you will be. A．The more, the fatter B．The much, the fat C．Much, fat D．More, fatter ( )15．The weather in Chongqing is much ______ than that in Guiyang in the summer. A．hot B．hotter C．hottest D．more hot ( )16．Many girls want to be thin. The ________ they are, the________ they will be. A．thin; happy B．thinner; happy C．thinner; happier D．thin; happier ( )17．Paris is one of ________ in the world. A．the biggest city B．the most big city C．the bigger city D．the biggest cities ( )18．—Which city do you think is ________ from Wuxi, Yantai or Qinhuangdao? —Qinhuangdao. And Wuxi is ________ to Shanghai. A．the farthest; closer B．farthest; the more close C．farther; the most close D．farther; the closest ( )19．You are ________ person I have ever known. Everybody wants to be friends with you. A．a nice B．a nicer C．nicest D．the nicest ( )20．—What about this red dress? It’s the ________ style this year. —It looks nice, but I think it’s a little big. Can you show me a ________ one? A．newest；smaller B．newest；smallest C．newer；smallest D．newer；smaller ( )21．— What is the ________ mountain in the world? — Qomolangma. It’s ________ than any other mountain. A．high; high B．higher; higher C．highest; highest D．highest; higher ( )22．Passengers prefer a high-speed train because it is much ________. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest ( )23．Spring is coming. The weather is getting ________. A．warm and warm B．the warmer and the warmer C．warmer and warmer D．the warmest and the warmest ( )24．The old man has two sons. ________ is a doctor. A．The youngest B．The younger C．A younger D．The young ( )25．—Who is ________, you or your father? — It’s hard to say. I seem to be as tall as him this year. A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15小题） 1．Tom and Tim are twins. Tom is Tim’s ________ brother. (old) 2．The ________ mountain in the world is Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰). (high) 3．Maybe going abroad for ________ (far) study is not a wise choice now. 4．The hard-working girl is so busy that she always has the ________ (little) free time in her class. 5．She is much ________ (close) to her father than her mother. 6．“Could you please explain that again?” sounds ________ than saying “What? I don’t understand.” (polite) 7．After a long holiday, some students become even ___________ (lazy). 8．Bamboo is one of the ________ (useful) plants in the world. 9．Travelling by air is faster and ___________（comfortable）than by train. 10．His cold was even ________ (ill) than yesterday. We had to take him to the hospital. 11．The patient (病人) feels much ________ (well) today. 12．What my best friend said during the fight made me even ________ (sad). 13．It has rained much this year, so the south of China is ________ (wet) than usual. 14．The boy didn’t like his toy dog at all, as it was the ________ (ugly) of all. 15．It seems that Quan Hongchan is the ________ player in China. (excite) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $