内容正文:
八上英语语法专题:U8 safe and sound过去进行时
暑期预习讲义
知识点:新译林版八上Unit 8 过去进行时 + when / while / as 预习
一、过去进行时(Past Continuous Tense)
1. 含义:表示过去某个时刻/一段时间内,正在发生的动作。 强调:动作持续、进行中;不侧重动作结束。
2. 结构
肯定:主语 + was / were + doing 否定:主语 + was/were + not + doing
疑问:Was/Were + 主语 + doing…?
> be动词选择口诀: 单数主语(I/he/she/it) → was 复数主语(we/you/they) → were
3. 常用时间标志词
at 8 o’clock last night at that time / at this time yesterday from 7 to 9 yesterday evening
then all morning yesterday
✅例句:I was reading at 9 p.m. yesterday. 昨晚九点我正在看书。
4. 对比:一般过去时 VS 过去进行时(必考)
1. 一般过去时:过去完整发生、已经结束的动作(短暂动作)
例句1:He wrote an email.(写完了)
2. 过去进行时:过去正在进行、未结束
例句2:He was writing an email.(当时正在写)
二、when / while / as 三大连词辨析(本单元重难点)
核心框架:短暂性动词 → 只能用 when
延续性动词 → when / while / as 均可
while 从句只能接延续性动作
【词汇分类先理清】:
✅延续性动词(可持续):read, wait, work, sleep, study, rain
✅短暂性动词(瞬间完成):arrive, stop, see, leave, knock, begin
1. when含义:当……时候——万能选手,适用范围最广
✅两种用法:① 从句短暂动作(最常见):when + 一般过去时
② 从句延续动作:when + 过去进行时
例句:I was taking a shower when the telephone rang.(rang短暂动词,不能用while)
2. while含义:在……期间
⚠️硬性规则:while后面只能接延续性动作
结构:while + 过去进行时,经常表示两个动作同时持续进行
例句:My mum was cooking while I was doing homework.
3. as含义:一边……一边;随着(侧重同步伴随)
多用于两个同步发生、同时进展的动作,书面语气更强
as + 延续性动词(过去进行时)
例句:She sang as she walked home. 她一边走回家一边唱歌。
三、黄金句型模板(八上必考经典结构)
句型1:长动作(进行中)+ when + 短动作(突然发生)
主语 + was/were doing … when + 主语 + 一般过去时
翻译:某人正在做某事,这时突然……
例:We were watching TV when a stranger came in.我们正在看电视时,一个陌生人走了进来。
这个句子描述的是:一个长动作(看电视)正在进行的过程中,突然被一个短动作(陌生人进来)打断。
"看电视" 是持续性的背景动作
"走进来" 是瞬间发生的动作
when 在这里强调"就在那一刻",有"突然"的意味
句型2:while连接两个同时持续的长动作
主语A was doing … while 主语B was doing …
例:He was playing football while his sister was reading.他正在踢足球,而他妹妹正在看书。
这个句子描述的是:两个持续性动作在同一个时间段内同时发生,且互不干扰。
"踢足球" 和 "看书" 都是长动作,都在持续进行中
while 在这里强调两个动作 并行同步,有"与此同时"或"而"的对比意味
本句也可以理解为在对比两个不同的人正在做不同的事情
句型3:as 表一边……一边
As + sb was doing…, sb was doing…
例句:As I was walking along the river, I was thinking about my future.(当我正沿着河边散步时,我正想着我的未来。)
as 强调"伴随" 比 while 更强调动作的 伴随感 和 同步性,有画面感
【简单记忆】:
as → 两个长动作同步进行,像"背景音乐"一样伴随
while → 一个长动作作为"背景",另一个动作(长或短)在这个背景中发生
四、对比表格
| when | 延续/短暂都可以 | 可接一般过去时 / 过去进行时 |
| while | 只能延续 | 通常搭配过去进行时 |
| as | 只能延续 | 强调动作同步伴随,一边…一边 |
五、高频易错陷阱(预习重点标出)
1. ❌ While the bell rang…
✅ When the bell rang…
(ring是短暂动词,不能用while)
2. 两个动作都是延续,优先while; 一个长、一个短,只能用when
3. 翻译区分:
when = 这时/当……时 while = 在……这段时间里 as = 一边……一边
4. 时态误区:while从句很少用一般过去时!考试出现基本是错误选项
01基础巩固
一、过去进行时
1. I ___________ a book at 8 p.m. last night.
A. read B. was reading C. will read D. am reading
2. He ___________ to Nanjing tomorrow morning.
A. travels B. travelled C. will travel D. was travelling
3. My father ___________ home just now.
A. arrives B. arrived C. was arriving D. will arrive
4. We ___________ TV when the light suddenly went out.
A. watched B. watch C. were watching D. will watch
5. —What ___________ you ___________ at nine yesterday evening?
—I was doing my homework.
A. do; do B. did; do C. will; do D. were; doing
6. Look at the dark clouds. It ___________.
A. rains B. rained C. is going to rain D. was raining
7. While my sister ___________, I was writing a letter.
A. sleeps B. slept C. was sleeping D. will sleep
8. Tom ___________ basketball with his friends yesterday afternoon. (动作已结束)
A. plays B. played C. was playing D. will play
9. I ___________ call you as soon as(一旦) I get to Shanghai.
A. am B. was C. will D. am going
10. The boy ___________ across the street when a car hit him.
A. walked B. was walking C. walks D. will walk
11. —When ___________ you ___________ the film?
—Last Sunday.
A. will; see B. did; see C. were; seeing D. are; seeing
12. Don’t make noise. Grandma ___________ at this time yesterday.
A. slept B. sleeps C. was sleeping D. will sleep
13. There ___________ a football match this coming Saturday.
A. is going to be B. was C. were D. are
14. She ___________ her keys on the way home yesterday.
A. loses B. lost C. was losing D. will lose
15. ___________ I was cooking dinner, my brother was playing computer games.
A. When B. While C. What D. Where
16. We ___________ not go hiking if it rains tomorrow.
A. are B. will C. were D. did
17. He ___________ in the library from 3 to 5 yesterday afternoon.
A. reads B. read C. was reading D. will read
18. I ___________ you at the school gate tomorrow.
A. meet B. met C. was meeting D. am going to meet
19. —Why didn’t you answer my phone?
—I ___________ a shower then.
A. took B. take C. was taking D. will take
20. The little girl ___________ happily when she heard the good news.
A. dances B. danced C. was dancing D. will dance
21. ___________ the teacher came in, we were talking loudly.
A. While B. When C. Since D. As soon as
22. They ___________ a trip to Xi’an next month.
A. plan B. planned C. were planning D. are going to plan
23. My uncle ___________ to Beijing and he will come back in three days.
A. flies B. flew C. has flown D. will fly
24. While they ___________, it began to rain.
A. walked B. were walking C. walk D. will walk
25. She usually gets up early, but she ___________ late yesterday.
A. gets B. got C. was getting D. will get
26. I think our team ___________ the game next week.
A. wins B. won C. will win D. was winning
27. What ___________ your brother ___________ at 7 o’clock yesterday morning?
A. do; do B. did; do C. will; do D. was; doing
28. I ___________ my homework when my mother came back.
A. did B. do C. was doing D. will do
29. —Where were you at 10 a.m. last Sunday? —I ___________ in the park.
A. run B. ran C. was running D. will run
30. We ___________ some new furniture soon.
A. buy B. bought C. were buying D. will buy
二、when,while,as辨析
1. My mother was cooking ____________ my father came back home from work.
A. while B. as C. when
2. ____________ Jenny was reading a book, her sister was watching TV.
A. When B. While C. As
3. The telephone rang ____________ we were having dinner.
A. while B. as C. when
4. ____________ I get older, I become more interested in history.
A. while B. As C. When
5. Please don't talk ____________ you are eating. It's not polite.
A. while B. when C. as
6. I was doing my homework ____________ the light suddenly went out.
A. when B. while C. as
7. ____________ we were walking in the park, we saw a beautiful rainbow.
A. When B. While C. As
8. He always sings ____________ he takes a shower.
A. while B. when C. as
9. ____________ time goes by, we will understand our parents better.
A. While B. When C. As
10. She was writing a letter ____________ I called her yesterday.
A. while B. when C. as
11. ____________ the students were discussing the problem, the teacher came in.
A. When B. While C. As
12. I saw Jim ____________ I was getting off the bus.
A. while B. as C. when
13. ____________ a child, he lived in a small village by the sea.
A. While B. When C. As
14. My dad fell asleep ____________ he was watching the football match.
A. while B. when C. as
15. ____________ we drove along the country road, we enjoyed the beautiful views.
A. When B. While C. As
16. I always feel nervous ____________ I have to give a speech in public.
A. while B. when C. as
17. ____________ the sun was rising, we started our journey to the mountain.
A. When B. While C. As
18. The little girl hurt her knee ____________ she was playing in the garden.
A. while B. when C. as
19. ____________ we were waiting for the bus, it began to rain heavily.
A. When B. While C. As
20. Please turn off the lights ____________ you leave the room.
A. while B. when C. as
02提优拔高
请用适当的连词(when / while / as)和所给动词的正确形式填空,使句子完整、通顺。
1. ___________ I___________ (do) my homework, my brother turned on the TV loudly.
2. My mother ___________ (cook) dinner ___________ my father came back from work.
3. ___________ the students ___________ (talk) noisily, the teacher walked into the classroom.
4. She___________ (fall) asleep ___________ she was reading a fairy tale in bed.
5. ___________ time ___________ (go) by, we understand each other better.
6. I ___________ (see) a cute dog ___________ I was walking in the park yesterday.
7. ___________ my aunt ___________ (watch) TV, my uncle was playing the guitar in the next room.
8. Please don't make any noise ___________ your baby sister ___________ (sleep) now.
9. He ___________ (break) his left arm ___________ he was playing basketball last Friday.
10. ___________ we ___________ (drive) along the coastal road, we enjoyed the beautiful sunset.
11. __________ we __________ (wait) for the bus, we saw an old friend.
12. My sister ___________ (practice) the piano ___________ I knocked at the door.
13. ___________ the baby ___________ (cry) loudly, her mother came to pick her up.
14. He ___________ (read) a newspaper ___________ his wife was cleaning the room.
15. ___________ I ___________ (get) off the train, I dropped my phone.
16. Please be quiet ___________ the teacher ___________ (explain) the math problem to us.
17. We ___________ (have) a picnic in the park ___________ it suddenly started to rain.
18. ___________ the children ___________ (play) in the yard, it began to get dark.
19. My father ___________ (repair) his bike ___________ he hurt his finger.
20. ___________ we ___________ (climb) the mountain, we felt more and more tired.
21. She often listens to music ___________ she ___________ (do) her housework.
22. I ___________ (notice) a small bird __________ I was looking out of the window.
23. ___________ my grandpa ___________ (water) the flowers, my grandma was reading a book.
24. The lights___________ (go) out ___________ we were having a birthday party.
25. ___________ years ___________ (pass), we will look back on these happy days with a smile.
二、句型转换:按要求改写下列句子,每空一词。
1. I was doing my homework when my brother came in.(改为一般疑问句)
→ ___________ you ___________ your homework when your brother came in?
2. The students were talking while the teacher was writing on the blackboard.(改为否定句)
→ The students ___________ ___________ while the teacher was writing on the blackboard.
3. My mother was cooking dinner when I got home.(对划线部分提问)
→ ___________ ___________ cooking dinner when you got home?
4. He was reading a newspaper when the phone rang.(改为否定句)
→ He ___________ ___________ a newspaper when the phone rang.
5. They were having a picnic when it started to rain.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
→ ___________ they ___________ a picnic when it started to rain? Yes, ___________ ___________.
6. She was watching TV while her brother was doing his homework.(改为否定句)
→ She ___________ ___________ TV while her brother was doing his homework.
7. We were waiting for the bus when we saw an accident.(对划线部分提问)
→ ___________ ___________ you ___________ when you were waiting for the bus?
8. My father was repairing his car when he hurt his finger.(改为一般疑问句,并作否定回答)
→ ___________ your father ___________ his car when he hurt his finger? No, ___________ ___________.
9. The baby was crying loudly when her mother came in.(改为否定句)
→ The baby ___________ ___________ loudly when her mother came in.
10. I was getting off the train when I dropped my phone.(对划线部分提问)
→ ___________ ___________ getting off the train when you dropped your phone?
11. While we were climbing the mountain, we felt very tired.(改为一般疑问句)
→ ___________ you ___________ very tired while you were climbing the mountain?
12. My grandpa was watering the flowers while my grandma was reading.(改为否定句)
→ My grandpa ___________ ___________ the flowers while my grandma was reading.
13. She fell asleep when she was reading a story.(对划线部分提问)
→ ___________ ___________ she ___________ when she fell asleep?
14. The lights went out while we were having a birthday party.(改为一般疑问句)
→ ___________ the lights ___________ out while you were having a birthday party?
15. Please close the window when you leave the room.(改为否定祈使句)
→ ___________ ___________ the window when you leave the room.
参考答案
1. B at 8 p.m. last night 过去具体时刻,过去进行时
2. C tomorrow morning 一般将来时
3. B just now 刚才,一般过去时
4. C 长动作进行时,突然发生短动作,过去进行时
5. D 答句使用过去进行时,问句对应
6. C 根据迹象预判,be going to
7. C while后接延续性动作,过去进行时
8. B yesterday afternoon,完整结束动作,一般过去时
9. C as soon as引导将来时主句 will
10. B was walking…when… 正在做某事突然……
11. B last Sunday,一般过去时疑问句
12. C at this time yesterday 昨天此刻,过去进行时
13. A this coming Saturday,there be将来结构 there is going to be
14. B yesterday,丢失钥匙是一次性短暂动作,一般过去时
15. B while 从句延续动作,过去进行时
16. B if条件状语从句,主将从现
17. C from 3 to 5 yesterday 过去一段时间持续动作
18. D tomorrow,be going to 将来时
19. C then 当时,过去正在进行
20. B 听到消息后开心跳舞,动作完成,一般过去时
21. B when +短暂动作(came in)
22. D next month,一般将来时
23. D will come back提示将要飞去北京
24. B while +过去进行时
25. B yesterday,一般过去时
26. C next week,一般将来时
27. D 过去具体时刻询问正在做的事
28. C was doing … when… 经典句型
29. C 过去具体时间点,过去进行时
30. D soon 不久,一般将来时
二、when,while,as辨析
1. 正确答案:C
解析:此题考查“当……的时候”且强调一个动作发生的同时,另一个动作突然发生。主句“was cooking”是持续性动作,从句“came back”是短暂性动作。when 既可以接短暂性动词也可以接延续性动词,这里强调“回来”这个时间点。while 后通常接延续性动词,不接“came back”这样的短暂动词。as 强调伴随变化或“一边……一边”,此处不合适。
2. 正确答案:B
解析:两个动作“was reading”和“was watching”都是正在进行的持续性动作,且同时发生,表示“在……期间”,最常用 while 来连接。when 和 as 虽然也可以,但在强调两个长动作并行时,while 是最佳选择。
3. 正确答案:C
解析:主句“were having”是长动作,从句“rang”是短动作(电话铃响只是一瞬间)。用 when 表示在吃晚饭这个长动作进行的过程中,突然发生了“响”这个短动作。while 不能接“rang”这类短暂动词。
4. 正确答案:B
解析:此题表示“随着……(时间推移)”,强调两个事件或情况同时发生且相互影响。“As I get older”表示“随着年龄增长”,这是一个渐进的变化过程。As 有“随着”这层含义,而 when 和 while 不具备此意。
5. 正确答案:A
解析:强调在“吃饭”这个持续的动作期间不要说话。while 后接持续性动作“eating”,表示“在吃饭的整个过程中”。when 强调时间点,不如 while 精确;as 侧重伴随,这里单纯指时间段。
6. 正确答案:A
解析:主句“was doing”是长动作,从句“went out”是瞬间动作(灯灭是一下子的事)。用 when 连接,表示在做作业的过程中,突然灯灭了。while 不能接短暂动词“went out”。
7. 正确答案:B
解析:两个动作“were walking”和“saw”中,走路是持续的长动作,看见是短暂动作,但此题更侧重于“在散步期间”这个时间段,且走路是背景动作。While 很好地强调了在散步的这段时间里发生了看见彩虹的事。如果强调“看见”的瞬间,用 when 也可,但这里 while 更侧重背景时段。
8. 正确答案:A
解析:表示“在洗澡期间”总是唱歌,强调两个动作同时持续。while 后接“takes a shower”这个延续性动作,表示“趁着洗澡的时候”。when 侧重时间点,as 侧重伴随,此处 while 最自然。
9. 正确答案:C
解析:表示“随着时间的流逝”,是一种伴随的变化。As 在这里意为“随着”,这是它的标志性用法。while 和 when 没有“随着”的含义。
10. 正确答案:B
解析:主句“was writing”是长动作,从句“called”是短暂动作。表示“在我打电话那一刻”她正在写信。when 在此处强调“打电话”这个时间点打断了写信的过程。
11. 正确答案:B
解析:主句“came in”是短暂动作,从句“were discussing”是持续动作。表示在学生们正在讨论的过程中,老师进来了。While 引导的从句强调“讨论”这个持续的背景动作。
12. 正确答案:B
解析:表示“正在下车的时候”看见了吉姆。“was getting off”是持续动作,“saw”是短暂动作。as 可以表示“正当……的时候”,强调两个动作几乎同时发生,且下车是一个渐进过程,as 用在这里有画面感。when 也可,但 as 更强调“一边下一边看见”的伴随感。此题中 while 不适合接短暂动作,故排除。注意此题与第7题的区别:第7题强调“散步期间”,而此题强调“下车的那一瞬间/过程”,as 更佳。
13. 正确答案:B
解析:此题意为“当他是个孩子的时候”。When 可以接名词短语或表示年龄、状态的词,如“When a child... / When young...”。While 和 As 在此结构中不如 when 常用和自然。
14. 正确答案:A
解析:表示“在看足球比赛期间”睡着了。看比赛是持续动作,睡着是短暂动作,但这里强调的是在“观看比赛”这个持续的过程中发生了睡着这件事,while 引导持续性的“watching”很合适。when 也可接进行时,但 while 更强调“在……期间”。
15. 正确答案:C
解析:表示“一边沿着乡间小路开车,一边欣赏美景”,两个动作同时发生且伴随进行。as 强调“一边……一边……”或“随着”的意味,比 while 更强调动作的伴随性和渐进性(车在动,景色在变)。
16. 正确答案:B
解析:表示“每当”我必须做公共演讲时,都会紧张。这里表示一种习惯性的情况,条件意味较强。When 可以表示“每当”,而 while 强调“在……期间”,as 强调“随着”,此处 when 最贴切。
17. 正确答案:C
解析:表示“随着太阳升起”或“正当太阳升起时”,我们开始了旅程。太阳升起是一个渐进的过程,as 恰当地表达了这种“在……的过程中”和“一边……一边……”的感觉。
18. 正确答案:A
解析:表示“在花园玩的时候”弄伤了膝盖。玩耍是持续动作,弄伤是短暂结果。用 while 强调“在玩耍期间”发生了这件事。虽然 when 也可以,但 while 更强调这个时间段背景。
19. 正确答案:B
解析:表示“在等车期间”开始下大雨。等车是持续动作,开始下雨是短暂动作。While 引导的从句强调“等待”这个持续的背景动作,主句的短动作发生在这个背景中。
20. 正确答案:B
解析:表示“当你离开房间的时候”请关灯。这里的“离开”是一个短暂动作,表示在“离开”这个时间点上或之后。When 后接短暂动词“leave”很合适。While 不接短暂动词,as 虽有“正当”之意,但此处表示“在……时/之后”,用 when 最标准。
02提优拔高
第1题
答案:(1)While / When (2)was doing
解析:
- 连词:主句“turned on”是短暂动作,从句“do my homework”是持续性动作。强调“在我做作业的期间”发生了开电视的事,可用 While(侧重时间段)或 When(也可接进行时,表示“当……时”)。但此处更强调背景时间,While 最自然。
- 时态:从句动作“做作业”发生在过去某个时刻正在持续,且被主句短暂动作打断,所以用 过去进行时 `was doing`(主语I,用was)。
第2题
答案:(1)when (2)was cooking
解析:
- 连词:主句“came back”是短暂动作,从句“cook”是持续性动作。表示“在爸爸回来那一刻”妈妈正在做饭,强调时间点,用 when(while不能接短暂动词came)。
- 时态:做饭是过去正在进行的动作,用 过去进行时 `was cooking`(主语my mother,单数,用was)。
第3题
答案:(1)While (2)were talking
解析:
- 连词:从句“talk”是持续性动作,主句“walked in”是短暂动作。强调“在学生们大声讨论的期间”老师进来了,用 While 引导背景动作。
- 时态:讨论是过去某个时刻正在进行的持续动作,主语是复数students,用 过去进行时 `were talking`。
第4题
答案:(1)when (2)fell
解析:
- 连词:从句“was reading”是长动作,主句“fall asleep”是短暂瞬间动作(睡着是一下子的事)。表示“在她读书的时候她睡着了”,强调“睡着”这个点发生,用 when。
- 时态:“fall asleep”是过去发生的短暂动作,用 一般过去时 `fell`(fall的过去式)。注意这里不能用过去进行时,因为“睡着”不是持续状态。
第5题
答案:(1)As (2)goes
解析:
- 连词:表示“随着时间的流逝”,强调一种伴随变化或渐进过程,只能用 as(意为“随着”)。
- 时态:此处表达客观真理或一般性事实,用 一般现在时 `goes`(主语time是单数)。虽然“go by”也可用一般现在时表示规律性。
第6题
答案:(1)when / as (2)saw
解析:
- 连词:主句“saw”是短暂动作,从句“was walking”是长动作。表示“正在散步的时候看见”,强调“看见”的瞬间,可用 when;若强调“一边走一边看见”的伴随感,也可用 as。 while 通常不接短暂动词saw,所以不选。
- 时态:“看见”是过去发生的短暂动作,用 一般过去时 `saw`。
第7题
答案:(1)While (2)was watching
解析:
- 连词:主句和从句都是持续性动作(watch TV 和 play the guitar),且同时进行,表示“在……期间”,用 While 连接两个并行的长动作。
- 时态:两个动作都是过去正在发生,都用过去进行时。从句主语my aunt是单数,用 `was watching`。
第8题
答案:(1)while (2)is sleeping
解析:
- 连词:祈使句“请不要吵闹”发生在“妹妹睡觉”的整个时间段内,强调持续期间,用 while。
- 时态:句末有“now”,表示当前正在进行的动作,用 现在进行时 `is sleeping`(主语your baby sister单数,用is)。
第9题
答案:(1)when / while (2)broke
解析:
- 连词:主句“broke”是短暂动作,从句“was playing”是长动作。表示“在打篮球时摔断了胳膊”,强调“摔断”这个点,可用 when;若强调“在整个打球期间”发生了这件事,也可用 while(while后接进行时)。两者皆可。
- 时态:“摔断”是过去发生的短暂动作,用 一般过去时 `broke`。
第10题
答案:(1)As / While (2)were driving
解析:
- 连词:主句“enjoyed”和从句“drove”都是持续性动作,且同时进行。若强调“一边开车一边欣赏”的伴随感,用 as;若强调“在开车期间”,也可用 while。两者均可。
- 时态:开车和欣赏都是过去正在进行的持续动作,用 过去进行时 `were driving`(主语we,复数,用were)。
第11题
答案:(1)While / When (2)were waiting
解析:
- 连词:从句“wait”是持续动作,主句“saw”是短暂动作。强调“在等车期间”看见老朋友,用 While 最自然(侧重时间段);若强调“看见”的瞬间,用 When 也可,但此处更侧重背景时段,While 更佳。
- 时态:等车是过去某个时刻正在进行的持续动作,主语we为复数,用 过去进行时 `were waiting`。
第12题
答案:(1)when (2)was practicing
解析:
- 连词:从句“knocked”是短暂动作,主句“practice”是持续动作。表示“在我敲门的那一刻”姐姐正在练琴,强调时间点,用 when(while不能接短暂动词knocked)。
- 时态:练琴是过去正在进行的动作,主语my sister为单数,用 过去进行时 `was practicing`。
第13题
答案:(1)While / When (2)was crying
解析:
- 连词:从句“cry”是持续动作,主句“came”是短暂动作。强调“在婴儿大哭的期间”妈妈过来了,用 While 侧重时间段;用 When 也可接进行时,表示“当正在哭的时候”。两者均可。
- 时态:哭泣是过去正在进行的动作,主语the baby为单数,用 过去进行时 `was crying`。
第14题
答案:(1)while (2)was reading
解析:
- 连词:主句“was reading”和从句“was cleaning”都是持续性动作,且同时进行,表示“一个正在读报,另一个正在打扫”,两个长动作并行,用 while。
- 时态:两个动作都是过去正在发生,主句主语he为单数,用 过去进行时 `was reading`。
第15题
答案:(1)As / When (2)was getting
解析:
- 连词:“get off”是渐进性动作(下车有一个过程),主句“dropped”是短暂动作。用 As 强调“正当下车的过程中”手机掉了,有伴随感;用 When 也可表示“在下车时”。While 不接渐进短暂动作,故不推荐。
- 时态:下车是过去正在进行的动作,主语I为单数,用 过去进行时 `was getting`。
第16题
答案:(1)while (2)is explaining
解析:
- 连词:祈使句“请安静”发生在“老师讲解”的整个持续期间,强调时间段,用 while。
- 时态:句中没有明确过去时间标志,结合语境表示“现在正在讲解”,用 现在进行时 `is explaining`(主语the teacher为单数,用is)。
第17题
答案:(1)when (2)were having
解析:
- 连词:主句“were having”是长动作,从句“started”是短暂动作。表示“正在野餐的时候,突然开始下雨”,强调“开始下雨”这个突然发生的点,用 when。
- 时态:野餐是过去正在进行的持续动作,主语we为复数,用 过去进行时 `were having`。
第18题
答案:(1)While / As (2)were playing
解析:
- 连词:从句“play”是持续动作,主句“began”是短暂动作。强调“在孩子们玩耍期间”天变黑了,用 While 侧重时间段;若强调“随着玩耍进行,天渐渐变黑”的渐进感,用 As 也可。
- 时态:玩耍是过去正在进行的动作,主语children为复数,用 过去进行时 `were playing`。
第19题
答案:(1)when / while (2)was repairing
解析:
- 连词:从句“was repairing”是长动作,主句“hurt”是短暂动作。表示“修车时弄伤了手指”,强调“弄伤”的点,用 when;若强调“在整个修车期间”发生了这事,用 while 也可(while后接进行时)。两者皆可。
- 时态:修车是过去正在进行的动作,主语he为单数,用 过去进行时 `was repairing`。
第20题
答案:(1)As (2)were climbing
解析:
- 连词:表示“随着爬得越来越高,感觉越来越累”,强调渐进变化的过程,有“一边……一边……”和“越来越……”的伴随意味,只能用 as。
- 时态:爬山是过去正在进行的动作,主语we为复数,用 过去进行时 `were climbing`。
第21题
答案:(1)while / when (2)is doing / does
解析:
- 连词:表示习惯性动作“经常在做家务时听音乐”。强调“在做家务期间”,用 while 很合适;用 when 表示“每当做家务时”也可。两者均可。
- 时态:此句表达一般性习惯,可用 现在进行时 `is doing`(强调“正在做家务时”)或 一般现在时 `does`(强调“每次做家务时”)。两者皆可,建议用现在进行时更符合语境。
第22题
答案:(1)when / as (2)noticed
解析:
- 连词:主句“noticed”是短暂动作,从句“was looking”是长动作。表示“正在向窗外看时注意到”,强调“注意到”的瞬间,用 when;若强调“一边看一边注意到”的伴随感,用 as 也可。
- 时态:“注意到”是过去发生的短暂动作,用 一般过去时 `noticed`。
第23题
答案:(1)While (2)was watering
解析:
- 连词:主句“was reading”和从句“was watering”都是持续性动作,同时进行,表示两个长动作并行,用 while。
- 时态:两个动作都是过去正在发生,从句主语my grandpa为单数,用 过去进行时 `was watering`。
第24题
答案:(1)when (2)went
解析:
- 连词:主句“were having”是长动作,从句“went out”是短暂动作。表示“正在开生日派对时,灯突然灭了”,强调“灭”这个突然发生的点,用 when(while不能接短暂动词went)。
- 时态:“灯灭了”是过去发生的短暂动作,用 一般过去时 `went`(go的过去式)。
第25题
答案:(1)As (2)pass
解析:
- 连词:表示“随着岁月流逝”,强调时间推移的渐进变化,只能用 as(意为“随着”)。
- 时态:此处表达对未来的展望或一般性规律,用 一般现在时 `pass`(主语years为复数,动词用原形)。虽然是指将来,但在as引导的时间状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来。
二、句型转换
第1题
答案:Were;doing
解析:
- 考点:过去进行时的一般疑问句。
- 结构:原句是过去进行时(was doing),改为一般疑问句时,将助动词 was/were 提到主语前。原句主语是I,用was,改为you时需用 were(you对应were)。
- 注意:动词 `doing` 保持原形不变,不要改成do或did。
第2题
答案:were;not(或 weren't)
解析:
- 考点:过去进行时的否定句。
- 结构:原句是过去进行时(were talking),改为否定句时,在助动词 were 后面加 not(可缩写为 weren't)。
- 注意:动词 `talking` 保持现在分词形式不变。本空为两空,填 were 和 not。
第3题
答案:Who;was
解析:
- 考点:对“人”(主语)提问的特殊疑问句。
- 结构:划线部分是“My mother”(人),作主语。对人提问用 Who,然后将原句剩余部分变为一般疑问句语序。
- 注意:Who 在句中作主语,后面的动词用单数 was,不需要再加助动词。答案第一空填Who,第二空填was。
第4题
答案:was;not(或 wasn't)
解析:
- 考点:过去进行时的否定句。
- 结构:原句是过去进行时(was reading),改为否定句时,在助动词 was 后面加 not(可缩写为 wasn't)。
- 注意:动词 `reading` 保持现在分词形式不变。本空为两空,填 was 和 not。
第5题
答案:Were;having;they;were
解析:
- 考点:过去进行时的一般疑问句及肯定回答。
- 结构:改为一般疑问句时,将助动词 were 提到主语they前,动词 `having` 保持原形。肯定回答用 `Yes, 主语 + were`,主语they对应were。
- 注意:前两空填 `Were` 和 `having`,后两空填 `they` 和 `were`。
第6题
答案:was;not(或 wasn't)
解析:
- 考点:过去进行时的否定句。
- 结构:原句是过去进行时(was watching),改为否定句时,在助动词 was 后面加 not(可缩写为 wasn't)。
- 注意:本句while引导的从句不受影响,只改主句。动词 `watching` 保持原形。
第7题
答案:What;did;see
解析:
- 考点:对“物”(宾语)提问的特殊疑问句,且主句是一般过去时。
- 结构:划线部分是“an accident”(事物),作saw的宾语。对物提问用 What,然后将原句剩余部分变为一般疑问句语序。原句是 `we saw`,变为一般疑问句需加助动词 did,动词 `saw` 恢复原形 see。
- 注意:when引导的时间状语从句保持不变,不影响主句疑问语序。
第8题
答案:Was;repairing;he;wasn't
解析:
- 考点:过去进行时的一般疑问句及否定回答。
- 结构:改为一般疑问句时,将助动词 Was 提到主语your father前,动词 `repairing` 保持原形。否定回答用 `No, 主语 + wasn't`,主语your father 改为 he(代词),对应 wasn't。
- 注意:前两空填 `Was` 和 `repairing`,后两空填 `he` 和 `wasn't`。
第9题
答案:was;not(或 wasn't)
解析:
- 考点:过去进行时的否定句。
- 结构:原句是过去进行时(was crying),改为否定句时,在助动词 was 后面加 not(可缩写为 wasn't)。
- 注意:when引导的从句不受影响,动词 `crying` 保持原形。本空为两空,填 was 和 not。
第10题
答案:Who;was
解析:
- 考点:对“人”(主语)提问的特殊疑问句。
- 结构:划线部分是“I”(人),作主语。对人提问用 Who,然后将原句剩余部分变为一般疑问句语序。原句是 `I was getting`,变为疑问语序时,Who 作主语,后面的动词用 was(第三人称单数形式),不再用I。
- 注意:答案第一空填Who,第二空填was。`getting off` 保持不变。
第11题
答案:Did;feel
解析:
- 考点:一般过去时(felt)的一般疑问句。
- 结构:原句主句 `we felt` 是一般过去时(felt是feel的过去式)。改为一般疑问句时,需加助动词 Did,动词 `felt` 恢复原形 feel。
- 注意:while引导的从句不变。不要用Were提问,因为 `felt` 不是进行时。
第12题
答案:was;not(或 wasn't)
解析:
- 考点:过去进行时的否定句。
- 结构:原句是过去进行时(was watering),改为否定句时,在助动词 was 后面加 not(可缩写为 wasn't)。
- 注意:while引导的从句不受影响,动词 `watering` 保持原形。本空为两空,填 was 和 not。
第13题
答案:What;was;doing
解析:
- 考点:对“动作/内容”(doing的宾语)提问的特殊疑问句。
- 结构:划线部分是 `reading a story`(正在做的事情),对动作内容提问用 What,然后用 `was + 主语 + doing` 的结构,即 `What was she doing`。
- 注意:when引导的时间状语从句 `when she fell asleep` 放在句末保持不变。答案依次为 What、was、doing。
第14题
答案:Did;go
解析:
- 考点:一般过去时(went)的一般疑问句。
- 结构:原句主句 `The lights went out` 是一般过去时(went是go的过去式)。改为一般疑问句时,需加助动词 Did,动词 `went` 恢复原形 go。
- 注意:while引导的从句不变。不要用Were提问,因为 `went out` 是短暂动作,不是进行时。
第15题
答案:Don't;close
解析:
- 考点:祈使句的否定形式。
- 结构:原句是肯定祈使句“Please close...”,改为否定祈使句时,在句首加 Don't,后面动词用原形 close。
- 注意:否定祈使句结构为 `Don't + 动词原形 + ...`,when引导的时间状语从句放在句末保持不变。
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