高中英语分层教学之尖子生每日小任务 DAY 13（续写高级词汇）任务单-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语学习任务单系统覆盖高考续写高级词汇考点，以9个核心词汇为基础，通过词形变换、常用短语、语境应用等模块构建“词汇-词形-运用”递进知识网络，借助任务驱动设计引导学生自主梳理词汇联系，形成结构化词汇体系。 亮点在于多维度自测诊断与语境化应用结合，如选词填空、句子翻译等练习帮助学生自主诊断词汇掌握情况，美文欣赏通过修复古董故事实现词汇语境化运用，培养语言能力和思维品质。任务单支持学生个性化复习，教师可通过学情精准指导，提升备考实效。

高中英语分层教学 A genius is the person who repeats the most times! 尖子生每日小任务 DAY 13（续写高级词汇） 1. 核心词汇 本日学习文档最后9个核心词汇（第122-130号），至此全部130个词汇学习完毕。 1. permeate /ˈpɜːmieɪt/ 弥漫；渗透 The smell of coffee permeated the whole house. 2. soak /səʊk/ 浸泡；吸收 He soaked the dirty clothes in soapy water. 3. erase /ɪˈreɪz/ 擦掉；删除 Time cannot erase the beautiful memories we shared. 4. scratch /skrætʃ/ 划伤；抓挠 The cat scratched the sofa with its claws. 5. polish /ˈpɒlɪʃ/ 擦亮；改进 He polished his speech until every word was perfect. 6. sharpen /ˈʃɑːpən/ 削尖；使敏锐 Travel sharpens your understanding of different cultures. 7. harden /ˈhɑːdn/ 变硬；使坚强 His heart hardened after years of disappointment. 8. soften /ˈsɒfən/ 软化；使温和 Her apology softened his anger. 9. summon /ˈsʌmən/ 召唤；鼓起（勇气） He summoned all his courage and asked for a raise. 2. 美文欣赏 The Art of Restoration In a small workshop tucked away in the old quarter, master restorer Chen worked his magic on damaged antiques. The scent of wood oil and varnish permeated every corner, a fragrance that seemed to soak into the very walls. His latest project was a 17th-century lacquer screen, its surface covered with deep scratches and faded colours. With painstaking care, Chen began to erase the signs of neglect, gently polishing away decades of grime. Each stroke of his cloth seemed to sharpen the screen's hidden beauty, revealing intricate patterns of birds and blossoms. Yet, Chen knew that restoration was not merely about fixing the surface; it required patience to soften the hardened layers of dirt and courage to harden his resolve when the work grew tedious. One afternoon, as rain soaked the streets outside, Chen paused to examine a stubborn stain. He summoned all his expertise, mixing a special solution that slowly permeated the damaged area, lifting the discolouration without harming the original paint. When the screen was finally complete, it gleamed with renewed life. Chen's work had breathed new life into the ancient piece, and the owner's grateful tears melted the restorer's weary heart. His craft stood as a testament to the belief that even the most battered objects can be cherished anew, their stories not erased but soaked in the care of those who understand their value. Every scratch, he often said, tells a tale; and every polish is a conversation with history. 全文中文翻译： 修复的艺术 在老城区一个不起眼的小作坊里，修复大师陈先生施展着他的魔法，修复受损的古董。木油和清漆的气味弥漫在每一个角落，一种仿佛要渗入墙壁的芬芳。他最新的项目是一面17世纪的漆屏风，表面布满深深的划痕和褪色的色彩。陈先生以极大的耐心开始擦去岁月留下的痕迹，轻轻擦亮几十年的尘垢。他的每一抹布料似乎都在使屏风隐藏的美变得鲜明，揭示出鸟与花的复杂图案。然而，陈知道，修复不仅仅是修补表面；它需要耐心去软化变硬的污垢层，也需要勇气在繁琐的工作中坚定决心。一天下午，雨水浸透了外面的街道，陈停下工作，仔细检查一处顽固的污渍。他召唤出所有的专业知识，调配了一种特殊的溶液，缓慢地渗透受损区域，去除了变色而不伤害原始漆面。当屏风最终完成时，它焕发着新的生命。陈的工作为这件古老的物件注入了新的活力，主人感激的泪水融化了修复者疲惫的心。他的技艺作为一个信念的证明：即使最残破的物品也能被重新珍视，它们的故事没有被抹去，而是浸透在那些懂得其价值的人的关怀中。每一道划痕，他常说，都有一个故事；每一次擦拭，都是与历史的对话。 3. 词形变换 permeate — permeation /ˌpɜːmiˈeɪʃən/ 渗透，弥漫 — permeable /ˈpɜːmiəbl/ 可渗透的 — permeating (adj.) soak — soak (n. 浸泡) — soaking (adj. 湿透的) — soaked (adj. 湿透的) erase — erasure /ɪˈreɪʒə/ 擦除 — eraser /ɪˈreɪzə/ 橡皮擦 — erasable (adj. 可擦除的) scratch — scratch (n. 划痕) — scratching (adj. 刮擦的) — scratchy (adj. 粗糙的，刺耳的) polish — polish (n. 抛光剂) — polished (adj. 擦亮的，优雅的) — polishing (n.) sharpen — sharp (adj. 锋利的) — sharpener /ˈʃɑːpənə/ 磨刀器 — sharply (adv. 锐利地) harden — hard (adj. 坚硬的) — hardness (n. 硬度) — hardened (adj. 变硬的，坚定的) soften — soft (adj. 柔软的) — softness (n. 柔软) — softener (n. 柔软剂) summon — summon (n. 召唤) — summoner (n. 召唤者) — summons (n. 传票) 4. 常用短语 （本日短语继续回流前几日常用短语，并加入新提取的短语） breathe new life into 给……注入新的活力（回流 Day 1） stand as a testament to 作为……的证明（回流 Day 2） cherish anew 重新珍视（回流 Day 9） tucked away in 隐藏在 with painstaking care 以极大的耐心 lift the discolouration 去除变色 a conversation with history 与历史的对话 5. 选词填空 备选词汇： permeate, soak, erase, scratch, polish, sharpen, harden, soften, summon, breathe new life into, stand as a testament to, tucked away in 1. The delicious aroma of freshly baked bread ______________ the entire house. 2. You should ______________ the dirty dishes in warm water before washing them. 3. Time cannot ______________ the beautiful memories we shared together. 4. Be careful not to ______________ the new table with your keys. 5. He spent hours ______________ his shoes until they shone like mirrors. 6. Regular exercise can ______________ your mental focus and concentration. 7. Years of hardship had ______________ his heart, making him less trusting. 8. Her kind words ______________ his anger, and they reconciled at last. 9. He ______________ all his strength and lifted the heavy box. 10. The new park has ______________ the old industrial district. 11. The ancient temple ______________ the skill of its builders. 12. The small café is ______________ a quiet alley, away from the busy street. 6. 单词填空 A. 单句语法填空 请用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。 13. The ______________ (permeate) of the toxic gas into the building forced an immediate evacuation. 14. After the rain, his clothes were ______________ (soak) through, and he shivered in the cold wind. 15. The ______________ (erase) of the old files caused a major data loss for the company. 16. The cat's constant ______________ (scratch) on the door annoyed the neighbours. 17. With years of practice, his manners became increasingly ______________ (polish) and refined. 18. The ______________ (sharpen) of the knife made it much easier to cut through the tough meat. 19. The ______________ (harden) of his attitude surprised everyone who had known him as a gentle person. 20. A fabric ______________ (soften) is often added to laundry to make clothes more comfortable. B. 首字母单词拼写 请根据句意及首字母提示，写出正确的单词形式。 21. The smell of coffee p_____________ the whole room, waking everyone up. 22. She s_____________ the injured foot in cold water to reduce swelling. 23. The artist e_____________ the mistakes and started the painting again. 24. The sharp stone s_____________ the car's paint, leaving an ugly mark. 25. He p_____________ his shoes until they reflected his face. 26. Travelling abroad can s_____________ your understanding of other cultures. 27. His heart h_____________ after years of betrayals. 28. Her gentle voice s_____________ his anger and he calmed down. 29. The king s_____________ his knights to defend the kingdom. 30. The rain s_____________ the ground, turning it into mud. 7. 句子翻译 31. 烤面包的香味弥漫了整个房子，让我们感到温暖和舒适。 32. 你应该把脏盘子浸泡在热水里，这样更容易清洗。 33. 即使时间流逝，我们也不能抹去那些珍贵的回忆。 34. 小心不要让猫抓伤沙发的表面。 35. 他花了整个下午擦亮皮鞋，为面试做准备。 36. 这段经历将磨练你的判断力，让你变得更加敏锐。 37. 多年的艰辛使他对人变得冷漠，不愿轻易相信他人。 38. 她的道歉缓和了紧张的气氛，大家又重新开始交谈。 39. 他鼓起全部勇气，向心爱的女孩表白了。 40. 这个小村庄隐藏在群山之中，保留着原始的宁静与美丽。 8. 单词默写 弥漫；渗透（v.）______________ 浸泡；吸收（v.）______________ 擦掉；删除（v.）______________ 划伤；抓挠（v.）______________ 擦亮；改进（v.）______________ 削尖；使敏锐（v.）______________ 变硬；使坚强（v.）______________ 软化；使温和（v.）______________ 召唤；鼓起（勇气）（v.）______________ 9. 词形变换默写 permeate — ______________（n. 渗透，弥漫） soak — ______________（adj. 湿透的） erase — ______________（n. 擦除） scratch — ______________（adj. 粗糙的，刺耳的） polish — ______________（adj. 擦亮的，优雅的） sharpen — ______________（n. 磨刀器） harden — ______________（adj. 变硬的，坚定的） soften — ______________（n. 柔软） summon — ______________（n. 召唤，与动词同形，可填 summon） 参考答案 板块5 选词填空 permeated soak erase scratch polishing sharpen hardened softened summoned breathed new life into stands as a testament to tucked away in 板块6A 单句语法填空 permeation soaked erasure scratching polished sharpening hardening softener 板块6B 首字母单词拼写 permeated soaked erased scratched polished sharpen hardened softened summoned soaked 板块7 句子翻译（参考译文） The smell of freshly baked bread permeated the whole house, making us feel warm and cosy. You should soak the dirty dishes in hot water so that they are easier to wash. Even as time passes, we cannot erase those precious memories. Be careful not to let the cat scratch the surface of the sofa. He spent the whole afternoon polishing his leather shoes to prepare for the interview. This experience will sharpen your judgment and make you more perceptive. Years of hardship had hardened his heart, making him unwilling to trust others easily. Her apology softened the tense atmosphere, and everyone resumed talking. He summoned all his courage and confessed his love to the girl of his heart. The small village is tucked away in the mountains, preserving its original tranquillity and beauty. 板块8 单词默写 permeate soak erase scratch polish sharpen harden soften summon 板块9 词形变换默写 permeation soaked erasure scratchy polished sharpener hardened softness summon 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $