Unit 2 Beyond Earth 语法填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材鲁教版五四学制九年级全一册

**基本信息** 以“航空航天”主题统领语法填空专项训练，通过真实情境分层设题，系统覆盖初中核心语法点，兼顾基础巩固与能力拔高。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |巩固基础·专项突破|8篇（含全国单元测试、地方期末题）|基础语法综合考查，聚焦代词、时态、语态等基础点|从简单语境到稍复杂语篇，语法点由单一应用向组合运用过渡| |培优拔高·挑战攻坚|6篇（含中考真题、模拟题）|复杂语境语法运用，涉及非谓语、从句、词性转换等难点|结合航天科技进展，语法点与主题深度融合，考查语篇理解与语法迁移能力|

Unit 2 Beyond Earth 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与自然——航空航天） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 （26-27九年级上·全国·单元测试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What is the solar system? It is our sun and other planets that travel around it. The sun is in the center of it and its shape looks 1 an egg. Our solar system is 2 (mystery) and it includes the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. To explore these planets, scientists have launched a 3 (rover) to Mars—Zhurong, which drives across the red 4 (planet) surface to collect soil and rock samples. For deeper exploration, 5 (man) spaceflights (with human astronauts) are being planned, and advanced technology will 6 (use) to solve key challenges. In space, astronauts experience a 7 (weigh) environment, where even simple tasks like eating feel 8 (complete) different from those on Earth. Working in space also means astronauts must cooperate 9 each other closely, as mistakes can lead to dangerous consequences. Unlike Earth’s 10 (crowd) cities, most planets in the solar system have empty, quiet surfaces—making them both lonely and fascinating for exploration. 【答案】 1．like 2．mysterious 3．rover 4．planet’s 5．manned 6．be used 7．weightless 8．completely 9．with 10．crowded 【导语】本文介绍了太阳系的构成及人类对其中一个行星——火星的探测情况。 【详解】1．句意：太阳位于它的中心，它的形状看起来像一个鸡蛋。“look like”是固定短语，意为“看起来像”，后接名词或代词作宾语，所以这里用like。 2．句意：我们的太阳系是神秘的，它包括太阳、水星、金星、地球、火星、木星、土星、天王星和海王星。此处作表语，说明主语“solar system”的特征，应用形容词mysterious，意为“神秘的”。 3．句意：为了探索这些行星，科学家们已经向火星发射了一辆火星车——祝融号。根据“a”可知，此处应用可数名词单数形式，rover本身为单数，意为“巡视器；火星车”，所以直接填rover。 4．句意：它驶过这颗红色行星的表面，收集土壤和岩石样本。根据“surface”可知，此处表示“行星的”表面，应用名词所有格形式，planet的所有格是planet’s，意为“行星的”。 5．句意：为了更深入的探索，载人航天飞行（搭载人类宇航员）正在计划中。此处修饰名词“spaceflights”，表示“载人的”，应用形容词manned，意为“载人的；有人驾驶的”。 6．句意：先进技术将被用来解决关键挑战。主语“advanced technology”与动词“use”之间是被动关系，且“will”后接动词原形，所以应用“be used”构成一般将来时的被动语态，意为“被使用”。 7．句意：在太空中，宇航员体验到一个失重的环境。此处修饰名词“environment”，表示“失重的”，应用形容词weightless，意为“失重的；无重量的”。 8．句意：即使像吃饭这样简单的任务也感觉与在地球上完全不同。此处修饰形容词“different”，应用副词形式，complete的副词是completely，意为“完全地”。 9．句意：在太空中工作也意味着宇航员必须彼此密切合作。“cooperate with”是固定短语，意为“与……合作”，所以这里用with。 10．句意：与地球上拥挤的城市不同，太阳系中的大多数行星表面空旷而安静。此处修饰名词“cities”，表示“拥挤的”，应用形容词crowded，意为“拥挤的”。 Passage 2 （2025·四川南充·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。 The astronauts of Shenzhou-20—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie — worked for about eight hours and 1 (complete) the first space walk on May 22nd. What is the life like in space? After a long day at work, astronauts will have dinners. In space, some foods can 2 (eat) in their natural forms, such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require an oven to heat. After dinner, astronauts have a rest, brush teeth 3 go to bed, just like on the earth. When going to sleep, they have to tie 4 (they), so they don’t float (漂浮) around or hit their bodies 5 something. They usually use sleeping bags that are put in a small cabin. Generally, astronauts have 6 eight-hour sleep each day after they finish their task. Exercise is also an important part of every astronaut’s daily life. 7 (keep) healthy, on average, they exercise two hours every day. Lifting 200 8 (pound) may be a lot of work on the earth. But lifting that same object in space would be much 9 (easy). That means sports equipment needs to be 10 (special) designed. Therefore, astronauts can receive the exercise needed. 【答案】 1．completed 2．be eaten 3．and 4．themselves 5．against/on 6．an 7．To keep 8．pounds 9．easier 0．specially 【导语】本文主要介绍了太空生活是什么样子的。 【详解】1．句意：神舟20号的宇航员——陈冬、陈忠锐和王洁——工作了大约八个小时，并于5月22日完成了首次太空行走。根据“worked”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式completed“完成”。故填completed。 2．句意：在太空中，有些食物可以以自然形态食用，比如巧克力蛋糕和水果。主语some foods和动词eat之间是被动关系，故此处用含有情态动词的被动语态can be done。故填be eaten。 3．句意：晚餐后，宇航员们会休息一下，刷牙，然后睡觉，就像在地球上一样。前后几个动作是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 4．句意：睡觉时，他们需要把自己绑起来，以免漂浮起来或者撞到东西。主语和宾语是同一个人，用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。 5．句意：睡觉时，他们需要把自己绑起来，以免漂浮起来或者撞到东西。根据“hit their bodies...something”可知是身体撞到某物，用介词against/on。故填against/on。 6．句意：一般来说，宇航员们在完成任务后每天会睡八个小时。此处表示泛指，eight以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 7．句意：为了保持健康，他们平均每天锻炼两个小时。“保持健康”是目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To keep。 8．句意：在地球上，举起200磅可能是一项很费力的工作。200后加可数名词复数pounds“磅”。故填pounds。 9．句意：但在太空中，举起同样的物体要容易得多。much修饰比较级easier。故填easier。 10．句意：这意味着运动器材需要特别设计。此处修饰动词用副词specially“特别地”。故填specially。 Passage 3 （25-26九年级上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On October 31, 2025, at 23:44, China’s Shenzhou XXI manned spacecraft (载人飞船) was sent into the sky, carrying commander (指令长) Zhang Lu and his 1 (teammate), Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang, into space. After the spaceship docked (对接) with the Tiangong space station, Zhang Lu and his team 2 (welcome) by the three astronauts already on board. During their six-month stay, Zhang Lu is supposed 3 (perform) many important tasks, such as doing scientific experiments and giving science lessons to students back on Earth. This is the second time that Zhang Lu has entered the space station. He 4 (dream) of going to space since he was a child. His journey to becoming an astronaut was long and full of hard work. Zhang Lu comes from Hanshou County, Changde City, Hunan Province. After years of difficult training, he 5 (successful) became an astronaut in 2010. 6 , he didn’t fly to space until November 2022, when he made his first trip to the Tiangong space station and lived and worked there 7 six months. He deeply realized that the 8 (hard) he trained, the more confident he would be in facing space challenges. During that first mission (太空飞行任务), besides his scientific work, Zhang Lu showed his 9 (expect) personal talents. He played the harmonica (口琴) and read poems in paper books. Now, as the commander of this new mission, Zhang Lu takes on a great sense of responsibility. He is responsible for the success of the mission and the team’s safety. Zhang Lu’s story shows us that with hard work and 10 loving heart, common people can also achieve great things. His journey encourages all of us to study hard, build strong character, and be ready to make our nation stronger when our time comes, and this spirit has been spread among young people. 【答案】 1．teammates 2．were welcomed 3．to perform 4．has dreamed 5．successfully 6．However 7．for 8．harder 9．unexpected 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了神舟二十一号指令长张陆的航天经历，包括他的梦想、训练、首次任务及个人才艺，展现了航天员的奋斗精神。 【详解】1．句意：2025年10月31日23时44分，中国神舟二十一号载人飞船升空，搭载指令长张陆和他的队友吴菲、张洪章进入太空。teammate意为“队友”，是可数名词，根据后文“Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang”可知，有两位队友，此处应用teammate的复数形式teammates。 2．句意：张陆和他的团队受到了已经在空间站的三名航天员的欢迎。welcome意为“欢迎”，是动词，和主语之间具有被动关系，句子用被动语态，根据“On October 31, 2025”可知，句子陈述的是过去的事情，句子是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were+动词的过去分词”，主语为复数，用were；welcome的过去分词是welcomed。 3．句意：张陆应该执行许多重要任务，比如做科学实验，给地球上的学生上科学课。perform意为“执行”，是动词，be supposed to do sth.是固定短语，意为“应该做某事”，因此，此处用动词不定式to perform。 4．句意：他从小就梦想着去太空。根据时间状语“since he was a child”可知，句子应用现在完成时，其结构是“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语He是第三人称单数，助动词用has，dream的过去分词是dreamed。 5．句意：经过多年艰苦的训练，他在2010年成功成为一名宇航员。successful意为“成功的”，是形容词，此处修饰动词became，需用successful的副词形式successfully，意为“成功地”。 6．句意：然而，直到2022年11月他才首次飞向太空。前文“became an astronaut in 2010”提到在2010年成为航天员，此处“he didn’t fly to space until November 2022”提到2022年才飞入太空，前后存在转折关系，且和后面的句子中间有逗号，用however“然而”表示转折，句首单词的首字母要大写。 7．句意：然而，他直到2022年11月才飞上太空，当时他第一次前往天宫空间站，并在那里生活和工作了六个月。空后的“six months”是一段时间，其前用介词for。 8．句意：他深刻地意识到，他训练得越努力，面对太空挑战就越有信心。hard意为“刻苦；努力”，是副词，此处考查固定句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……” ，因此，此处用hard的比较级harder。 9．句意：在第一次执行任务期间，除了科学工作外，张陆还展示了他出乎意料的个人才能。expect意为“预期；预料”，根据“besides his scientific work, Zhang Lu showed his _____ (expect) personal talents”可知，此处是表达展示出了“出乎意料的”才能，用形容词unexpected“出乎意料的”符合语境。 10．句意：张陆的故事告诉我们，只要努力工作，有一颗爱心，普通人也能取得伟大的成就。heart“心”是可数名词单数，其前要加不定冠词，loving以辅音音素开头，其前需用不定冠词a。 Passage 4 （26-27九年级上·全国·单元测试） Chinese scientists are working on a special project: making “moon bricks (砖头)” from moon soil. It is 1 (difficult) than building on Earth because of the extreme (极端) environment. There is no air, and the temperature changes a lot from very hot to very cold. These conditions make building on the moon very hard. Since carrying materials into space costs too much, using local soil is 2 wise choice. Moon soil can be turned into strong bricks, which may help solve this problem. Two months ago, the first “moon brick” 3 (produce) in a lab. This was an important achievement. 4 (scientist) believe these bricks will be used to build houses for future astronauts. These houses may help protect astronauts from danger and give them a safe place to live. They hope the moon will become our 5 (two) home one day. 6 (luck), the new bricks can stand high pressure. They can handle big temperature changes. The team is now trying 7 (improve) the design. They want to make the bricks lighter and easier to carry. This project is not just about science, 8 also about human dreams. People have always looked at the moon and wondered about it. 9 the help of these bricks, we might live on the moon in the future. It will take many years of hard work. I believe the 10 (succeed) of this project will surprise the whole world. One day, we might all be neighbors on the moon. 【答案】 1．more difficult 2．a 3．was produced 4．Scientists 5．second 6．Luckily 7．to improve 8．but 9．With 10．success 【导语】本文介绍了中国科学家利用月壤制作“月壤砖”以解决月球建筑难题的研究进展和未来展望。 【详解】1．句意：由于极端环境，这比在地球上建造更困难。句中有“than”提示用比较级，difficult的比较级为more difficult。 2．句意：使用当地土壤是一个明智的选择。泛指“一个”选择，wise以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 3．句意：两个月前，第一块“月壤砖”在实验室中被制造出来。主语“brick”与“produce”为被动关系，且时间状语“Two months ago”为过去的时间，主语为单数，故填was produced。 4．句意：科学家们相信这些砖块将用于为未来的宇航员建造房屋。谓语动词“believe”提示主语为复数，空处句首，首字母大写，故填Scientists。 5．句意：他们希望月球有一天能成为我们的第二个家。表示“第二个”，用序数词second。 6．句意：幸运的是，这种新砖能够承受高压。空处修饰整个句子，表示“幸运的是”，用副词，句首首字母大写，故填Luckily。 7．句意：团队现在正试图改进设计。“try to do sth.”意为“试图做某事”，故填to improve。 8．句意：这个项目不仅仅是关于科学，也是关于人类的梦想。“not only...but also...”为固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，故填but。 9．句意：在这些砖块的帮助下，我们将来可能生活在月球上。“with the help of”为固定搭配，意为“在……的帮助下”，句首首字母大写，故填With。 10．句意：我相信这个项目的成功将震惊整个世界。此处指“这个项目的成功”，空处填名词，succeed的名词形式为success。 Passage 5 （25-26九年级上·河北保定·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Yan Hongsen is a student from Zhejiang Province. He 1 (be) a space lover since he was four. And after he entered primary school, he even gave 2 lesson about rockets at an opening ceremony (仪式). Because of that, he 3 (call) “rocket boy” by all of his friends.   In 2022, Yan pointed out that a rocket was wrongly named in an educational video shown to 4 (visitor) at a planetarium (天文馆) in Lhasa. The planetarium corrected the mistake at once 5 thanked him. In the same year, Yan decided 6 (build) his own rocket. It 7 (take) him ten months to do research. He 8 (final) created his first rocket.   That rocket only traveled 200 meters 9 the air and then began to fall, and didn’t open 10 (it) parachute (降落伞) at the highest point. That day, Yan was 11 (excite) but unsatisfied. He researched the reason why he failed. He made 12 (change) in his choice of materials. Later, he launched his 13 (two) rocket successfully. According to Yan’s father, Yan is busy 14 his schoolwork like other kids. His father 15 (believe) that parents should leave more space for children to achieve their dreams. Meanwhile, parents should give them enough support. 【答案】 1．has been 2．a 3．was called 4．visitors 5．and 6．to build 7．took 8．finally 9．in 10．its 11．excited 12．changes 13．second 14．with 15．believes 【导语】本文讲述了来自浙江的学生颜宏森从小热爱太空，通过不断努力成功发射自制火箭的故事，并分享了其父亲对于孩子实现梦想的看法。 1．句意：自从四岁起，他就一直是一个太空爱好者。根据“since he was four”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语为第三人称单数“he”，助动词用has，be的过去分词为been。故填has been。 2．句意：进入小学后，他甚至在一次开学典礼上上了一堂关于火箭的课。根据“lesson”可知，此处表示泛指一堂课，且lesson以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词“a”修饰。故填a。 3．句意：因此，他被所有朋友称为“火箭男孩”。根据“Because of that”可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，且主语“he”与“call”之间是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态“was called”。故填was called。 4．句意：2022年，颜指出拉萨天文馆向游客展示的教育视频中火箭命名错误。根据“shown to”可知，此处表示向游客展示，且游客不止一个，因此用复数形式“visitors”。故填visitors。 5．句意：天文馆立即纠正了错误并感谢了他。根据“corrected the mistake at once”和“thanked him”可知，前后两个动作是顺承关系，因此用连词“and”连接。故填and。 6．句意：同年，颜决定建造自己的火箭。根据“decided”可知，此处考查固定搭配“decide to do sth.”，意为“决定做某事”，因此用动词不定式“to build”。故填to build。 7．句意：他花了十个月的时间进行研究。根据“It...him ten months to do research.”可知，此处考查固定句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”，意为“某人花费多长时间做某事”，且句子描述的是过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时，take的过去式为took。故填took。 8．句意：他最终创造了自己的第一枚火箭。根据“created”可知，此处需要用副词修饰动词，final的副词形式为finally，意为“最终”。故填finally。 9．句意：那枚火箭只在空中飞行了200米，然后开始下落。根据“the air”可知，此处表示在空中，因此用介词“in”。故填in。 10．句意：并且在最高点没有打开它的降落伞。根据“parachute”可知，此处表示它的降落伞，因此用形容词性物主代词“its”修饰名词。故填its。 11．句意：那天，颜很兴奋但不满意。根据“Yan was”可知，此处表示颜很兴奋，因此用形容词“excited”作表语，修饰人。故填excited。 12．句意：他改变了材料的选择。根据“made”可知，此处考查固定搭配“make changes”，意为“做出改变”，因此用复数形式“changes”。故填changes。 13．句意：后来，他成功地发射了他的第二枚火箭。根据“rocket”可知，此处表示第二枚火箭，因此用序数词“second”修饰名词。故填second。 14．句意：据颜的父亲说，颜和其他孩子一样忙于学业。根据“busy”可知，此处考查固定搭配“be busy with sth.”，意为“忙于某事”，因此用介词“with”。故填with。 15．句意：他的父亲相信父母应该给孩子更多的空间来实现他们的梦想。根据“His father”可知，主语为第三人称单数，且句子描述的是一般事实，因此用一般现在时，believe的第三人称单数形式为believes。故填believes。 Passage 6 （25-26八年级下·辽宁大连·阶段检测）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 A successful failure On 13 April 1970, everything was looking good for the astronauts on Apollo13. Two days earlier, James Lovell, John Swigert, and Fred Haise 1 (leave) the earth to go to the moon. They rode in their spaceship’s command module (令). Suddenly, there was 2 loud noise. Part of their spaceship blew up. Oxygen escaped rapidly from the command module. They could not live 3 enough oxygen. They also needed oxygen to help power the command module. Without enough oxygen and power, there’s no way to return home. Yet, they were not alone. Engineers on earth began working on 4 (they) problems. With the 5 (engineer) help, the three men closed down the command module and went to the lunar module. The lunar module had plenty of oxygen, but not enough power, so the engineers found ways to help them 6 (save) power. Then, their increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the air became an issue. The engineers tried hard 7 discovered how to solve the problem. Finally, the engineers helped them get power to the command module so they could 8 (go) back to earth in it. After the three men on Apollo 13 came back to earth, their journey 9 (call) “a successful failure” by NASA．It was a failure because they didn’t set foot on the moon. But it was also a success since all of the men came home 10 (safe)—because of the excellent work of the whole team. 【答案】 1．left 2．a 3．without 4．their 5．engineers’ 6．save/to save 7．and 8．go 9．was called 10．safely 【导语】本文讲述了阿波罗 13 号登月任务突发故障，在地面工程师的全力帮助下，宇航员虽未能登月却全部平安返航，被称作一次成功的失败。 【详解】1．句意：两天前，詹姆斯・洛弗尔、约翰・斯威格特和弗雷德・海斯离开地球前往月球。根据时间状语“Two days earlier”以及全文过去的故事背景，时态为一般过去时，leave的过去式为left。 2．句意：突然，传来一声巨响。noise为可数名词单数，loud以辅音音素开头，此处表示泛指“一声”，用不定冠词a。 3．句意：没有充足的氧气，他们无法生存。结合前文氧气泄漏的语境，此处表达“没有氧气就不能存活”，介词without意为“没有”。 4．句意：地球上的工程师开始着手解决他们的难题。空后有名词problems，需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，they的形容词性物主代词是their。 5．句意：在工程师们的帮助下，这三名宇航员关闭了指挥舱。固定搭配with one’s help，此处表示多名工程师，先变复数engineers，再变为名词所有格engineers’。 6．句意：工程师们找到方法帮助他们节约能源。固定句型help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，此处填(to) save。 7．句意：工程师们努力尝试并且找到了解决问题的办法。前后两个动作“努力尝试”与“找到办法”是并列顺承关系，用并列连词and。 8．句意：最终工程师为指挥舱供能，让他们可以乘坐指挥舱返回地球。情态动词could后接动词原形go。 9．句意：阿波罗13号的三名宇航员返回地球后，他们的旅程被美国国家航空航天局称作“一次成功的失败”。主语journey和动词call是被动关系，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态was called。 10．句意：但这也是一次成功，因为所有人都安全回到了家。此处修饰动词短语came home，需要用副词，safe的副词形式是safely。 Passage 7 （25-26八年级上·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The idea of space travel is not new, but space tourism for ordinary people is a recent development. Dennis Tito became the 1 (one) space tourist in 2001. He 2 (go) to the International Space Station, which was a real milestone in space exploration. This important trip showed that ordinary people could also travel to space one day. Today, several companies are working 3 (make) space travel more accessible (可获得的). For them, this is not just a business. It is a way 4 us to see our planet from different views. A short trip to the edge of space is now possible, 5 it is still very expensive. However, many people believe that this experience is much 6 (good) than any holiday on Earth. The journey itself is quite amazing. After 7 unforgettable rocket launch, passengers can unbuckle (解开扣子) and float freely inside the cabin. They experience weightlessness, which feels 8 (strange) peaceful. From the window, the Earth looks like one of the most beautiful 9 (planet) in the universe. Of course, safety during the flight requires everyone to follow strict rules. All passengers must complete special training and wear protective suits throughout the journey. This 10 (make) sure that everyone can enjoy this incredible adventure while staying safe. 【答案】 1．first 2．went 3．to make 4．for 5．but 6．better 7．an 8．strangely 9．planets 10．makes 【导语】本文介绍太空旅游的发展，提及首位太空游客及相关公司的努力，描述太空旅行的体验与安全要求。 1．句意：丹尼斯·蒂托于2001年成为第一位太空游客。根据定冠词the可知，此处用序数词表示顺序，one的序数词是first。故填first。 2．句意：他前往了国际空间站，这是太空探索史上的一个真正里程碑。根据时间状语in 2001可知，句子用一般过去时，go的过去式是went。故填went。 3．句意：如今，有几家公司正致力于使太空旅行变得更容易实现。根据“Today, several companies are working...space travel more accessible (可获得的).”可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to make。 4．句意：这是我们从不同视角看地球的一种方式。根据固定搭配“It is a way for sb. to do sth.”可知，此处填介词for。故填for。 5．句意：现在去太空边缘的短途旅行已经成为可能，但它仍然非常昂贵。根据前后句的转折关系可知，此处填连词but。故填but。 6．句意：然而，许多人认为这种体验比地球上的任何假期都要好得多。根据“this experience is much...than”可知，此处用形容词的比较级，good的比较级是better。故填better。 7．句意：在一次令人难忘的火箭发射之后，乘客们可以解开安全带，在舱内自由漂浮。unforgettable是以元音音素开头的单词，此处用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。 8．句意：他们体验失重状态，这种感觉异常平静。此处用副词修饰形容词peaceful，strange的副词形式是strangely。故填strangely。 9．句意：从窗户向外看，地球看起来像是宇宙中最美丽的行星之一。根据“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”的结构可知，此处填planet的复数形式planets。故填planets。 10．句意：这确保了每个人都能在保证安全的同时享受这场不可思议的冒险。句子描述的是客观情况，用一般现在时，主语This是第三人称单数，谓语动词make用第三人称单数形式makes。故填makes。 Passage 8 （25-26九年级下·江苏南通·阶段检测）请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式，使短文通顺、连贯。 China has made great progress in space exploration. The dream of sending Chinese astronauts to the moon is getting 1 (far) away from just a dream—it is becoming reality. On February 11,2026, China successfully performed a key flight test for its manned lunar exploration program at the Wenchang Space Launch Site. When facing the 2 (possible) of danger at the moment of greatest pressure on the rocket, the escape system worked without any problem. The return capsule (返回舱) separated from the rocket as planned. After about 470 seconds, both the first stage of the rocket and the return capsule 3 (fall) into the sea safely in the planned area. This test marked the first flight of the Long March-10 in its prototype form (原型状态). Astronauts 4 (choose) carefully for such important missions. This success helps with the 5 (develop) of future flight models. If any part of the system 6 (fail), the result will be dangerous, but this time everything worked as it should. The interest in space among young people is growing. More students are learning about science and hoping to become astronauts. Space exploration also helps us understand how to protect our 7 (pollute) Earth better. 8 (day) efforts of the scientists and engineers made this success a reality. Their hard work is often 9 (know) to the public, but it is truly valuable. The goal is 10 (serve) the country’s dream of exploring space and to inspire future generations. This important success brings China closer to its goal of sending astronauts to the moon before 2030. The journey continues, and the future is full of hope. 【答案】 1．further 2．possibility 3．fell 4．are chosen 5．development 6．fails 7．polluted 8．Daily 9．unknown 10．to serve 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了2026年2月11日中国载人月球探测工程的关键飞行测试取得成功，以及此次成功对中国航天事业的意义。 1．句意：将中国宇航员送上月球的梦想正在变得越来越不像一个梦想——它正在成为现实。根据句意，此处表达更远，“getting”后接比较级，表示“越来越远”，此处为抽象意义，故填further。 2．句意：当在火箭压力最大的时刻面临可能的危险时，逃逸系统毫无问题地工作了。“the”后接名词，possible的名词形式为possibility，表示“可能性”。 3．句意：大约470秒后，火箭的一级和返回舱都按计划安全落入海中。描述过去发生的动作，需用一般过去时，fall的过去式为fell。 4．句意：对于如此重要的任务，宇航员会被仔细挑选。主语“Astronauts”与choose之间为被动关系，且描述一般事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are chosen。 5．句意：这一成功有助于未来飞行型号的研制。“the”后接名词，develop的名词形式为development，表示“发展、研制”。 6．句意：如果系统的任何一部分出现故障，结果将是危险的，但这次一切正常。条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，主语“any part”为单数，故填fails。 7．句意：太空探索也帮助我们更好地了解如何保护我们被污染的地球。此处需用形容词修饰名词“Earth”，pollute的过去分词polluted作定语，表示“被污染的”，故填polluted。 8．句意：科学家和工程师们的日常努力使这一成功成为现实。此处需用形容词修饰名词“efforts”，day的形容词为daily，且位于句首首字母大写，故填Daily。 9．句意：他们的辛勤工作往往不为公众所知，但确实很有价值。根据句意，此处表达“不为人知”，know的否定形式是unknown，be unknown to表示“不为……所知”，故填unknown。 10．句意：目标是服务于国家探索太空的梦想，并激励后代。此处需用不定式作表语，与后面的“to inspire”并列，serve的不定式为to serve。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 （2026·四川南充·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。 China’s space classroom has become very popular among students. On October 12th, the astronauts of Shenzhou held the 1 (four) space classroom session. Thousands of students from all over the country watched the live broadcast. In the space classroom, astronauts showed students how to do experiments in space. They showed the effect of 2 (weight) on water, plants and even small animals. The experiments were so interesting that students 3 (excite) asked many questions. Astronauts also shared 4 (they) daily life in space. They talked about how they sleep, eat and exercise. To keep healthy, astronauts exercise for two hours every day. They use special exercise equipment to prevent muscle loss. The space classroom is not only 5 (educate) but also inspiring. It helps students learn scientific knowledge in a fun way 6 encourages them to pursue their dreams of exploring space. Many students say that they want to be astronauts or scientists when they grow up. Since 2013, China 7 (hold) several space classes. Each class has different themes and experiments. The next class 8 (plan) to be held next year, and it will focus on space agriculture. The space classroom connects students on Earth 9 the mysterious space. It opens a window for young people to explore the universe and helps them develop 10 interest in science. 【答案】 1．fourth 2．weightlessness 3．excitedly 4．their 5．educational 6．and 7．has held 8．is planned/has been planned 9．with 10．an 【导语】本文介绍了中国空间课堂的开展情况，包括航天员展示太空实验、分享太空生活及其对学生的教育意义和激励作用。 【详解】1．句意：神舟航天员举办了第四期空间课堂。表示“第四”，需用序数词。four的序数词为fourth。 2．句意：他们展示了失重对水、植物甚至小动物的影响。名词“effect”前需用名词作定语。“weight”的名词形式为“weight”，其形容词形式“weightless”意为“失重的”，此处需用“weightlessness”表示“失重状态”。 3．句意：这些实验如此有趣，以至于学生们兴奋地问了许多问题。修饰动词“asked”，需用副词形式作状语。“excite”的副词形式为“excitedly”，意为“兴奋地”。 4．句意：航天员还分享了他们在太空的日常生活。修饰名词“daily life”，需用形容词性物主代词。“they”的形容词性物主代词为“their”。 5．句意：空间课堂不仅具有教育意义，而且鼓舞人心。系动词“is”后需接形容词作表语。“educate”的形容词形式为“educational”，意为“有教育意义的”。 6．句意：它帮助学生以有趣的方式学习科学知识，并鼓励他们追求探索太空的梦想。“helps”和“encourages”为并列谓语动词，表示两个并列的动作，需用连词“and”。 7．句意：自2013年以来，中国已经举办了多次空间课堂。时间状语“Since 2013”是现在完成时的标志词，表示动作从过去持续到现在。主语“China”为第三人称单数，谓语结构需用“has + 过去分词”。“hold”的过去分词为“held”。 8．句意：下一节课计划于明年举行。主语“The next class”与动词“plan”之间为被动关系，时间状语“next year”表示将来。可用一般现在时的被动语态“is planned”表示按计划安排；也可用现在完成时的被动语态“has been planned”表示已经计划好。两种时态在语境中均可接受。 9．句意：空间课堂将地球上的学生与神秘的太空连接起来。“connect...with...”是固定搭配，意为“将……与……连接起来”，需用介词“with”。 10．句意：它为年轻人探索宇宙打开了一扇窗，并帮助他们培养对科学的兴趣。“develop an interest in”是固定搭配，意为“培养对……的兴趣”，且“interest”以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词“an”。 Passage 2 （2025·贵州贵阳·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (酒泉卫星发射中心) became very bright on April 24, 2025. The Long March-2F rocket (长征二号F运载火箭) took the Shenzhou-20 manned spacecraft into the sky. It 1 (fly) fast towards the big universe. This day is very special. It’s the 10th “China Space Day” and also the 55th birthday of the “Dongfanghong-1” satellite’s launch. Fifty-five years ago, on April 24, 1970, China sent 2 (it) first man-made satellite, “Dongfanghong-1”, into space. At that time, things were hard. 3 Chinese scientists didn’t give up. They worked very hard and solved many problems. They wanted people to see the satellite, so a big “skirt” 4 (put) on the rocket. The “Dongfanghong-1” played the song Dongfanghong in space. It started China’s space journey. Now, 55 years later, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft flies again. There are three astronauts in this mission (使命). Chen Dong is the 5 (lead). He has been into space twice. Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie are new astronauts. This is their 6 (one) space trip. From “Dongfanghong-1” 7 “Shenzhou-20”, China’s space science has developed a lot. In the past, we just sent satellites into space. Now, we build space stations and do science experiments there. The Shenzhou-20 has new technology. It can meet and join with the space station quickly. The batteries in it are improved. It makes the spacecraft lighter and work 8 (well). But one thing never changes. That is 9 special spirit of Chinese space scientists. They love their country and work hard. In the past, they made great things happen with few tools. Today young scientists keep 10 (work) hard, too. China’s space science will go further and make more great achievements. 【答案】 1．flew 2．its 3．But 4．was put 5．leader 6．first 7．to 8．better 9．the/a 10．working 【导语】本文介绍了中国航天事业的发展历程，从1970年发射“东方红一号”卫星到2025年发射神舟二十号载人飞船，展示了中国航天科技的进步和航天科学家的不懈努力。 【详解】1．句意：它快速飞向广阔的宇宙。根据“It...fast towards the big universe.”可知，句子描述火箭飞向宇宙的动作，用一般过去时，“fly”的过去式是“flew”。故填flew。 2．句意：55年前，1970年4月24日，中国将它的第一颗人造卫星“东方红一号”送入太空。根据“Fifty-five years ago, on April 24,1970, China sent...first man-made satellite,‘Dongfanghong-1’, into space.”可知，这里需要一个词来表示所属关系，即“中国的”，修饰“first man-made satellite”。“its”是“it”的形容词性物主代词，意为“它的”，符合句子中表达中国拥有第一颗人造卫星的所属关系。故填its。 3．句意：当时，情况很艰难，但中国科学家没有放弃。根据“At that time, things were hard...Chinese scientists didn’t give up.”可知，此处前后两个句子之间存在明显的逻辑关系。前一句描述了当时艰难的状况，后一句表明科学家们的态度是不放弃，这种转折关系需要用“but”来连接，“but”表示“但是”，用于引出与前文相反的情况，位于句首，首字母大写。故填But。 4．句意：他们希望人们能看到卫星，所以在火箭上安装了一个大“裙子”。根据“They wanted people to see the satellite, so a big ‘skirt’...on the rocket.” 可知，句子强调“裙子”和“火箭”之间的动作关系。“a big skirt”是动作“put”的承受者，它们之间是被动关系，即“裙子被安装在火箭上”。又因为事情发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were+过去分词”。“a big skirt”是单数，所以用“was put”。故填was put。 5．句意：陈冬是领队。根据“Chen Dong is the...”可知，这里需要一个名词来描述陈冬在这次任务中的角色。“lead”是动词，意为“领导”，而“leader”是名词，意为“领导者，领队”，符合句子中描述陈冬是此次任务中领导人物的意思。故填leader。 6．句意：这是他们的第一次太空之旅。根据“This is their...space trip.”可知，句子要表达这是他们首次进行太空旅行的意思。“one”是基数词，用于表示数量“一”，而这里需要用序数词来表示顺序“第一”，“first”是“one”的序数词形式，符合句子语境。故填first。 7．句意：从“东方红一号”到“神舟二十号”，中国的空间科学有了很大的发展。根据“From ‘Dongfanghong-1’...“Shenzhou-20”, China’s space science has developed a lot.”可知，这里是在描述一个范围或过程，从一个事物到另一个事物。“from...to...”是固定搭配，用于表示“从……到……”，在这个句子中用于连接“东方红一号”和“神舟二十号”，表示中国空间科学发展历程中的两个标志性事物。故填to。 8．句意：它（新技术）使宇宙飞船更轻，运行得更好。根据“It makes the spacecraft lighter and work...”可知，这里是在比较改进后的情况与之前的情况。“well”是副词，意为“好地”，其比较级是“better”，表示“更好地”。句子中提到电池得到改进，所以宇宙飞船运行得比以前更好，用比较级符合语境。故填better。 9．句意：那就是中国航天科学家的那种特殊精神。根据“That is...special spirit of Chinese space scientists.”可知，此处是特指某一种精神或者表示泛指“一种精神”。定冠词“the”用于特指某个特定的人、事物或群体，在这里特指中国航天科学家所具有的特殊精神，使用定冠词“the”；表示泛指“一种精神”，使用不定冠词“a”。故填the/a。 10．句意：今天，年轻的科学家们也在继续努力工作。根据“Today young scientists keep...hard, too.”可知。“keep doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”，表示持续进行某个动作。所以“work”要用动名词形式“working”，表示年轻科学家们持续努力工作的状态。故填working。 Passage 3 （2026·山东青岛·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s first 8K movie filmed in space, named Blue Planet Outside the Window, was shown all over the country on September 5,2025. The movie uses videos taken 1 Shenzhou-13 astronauts. And it is 2 important step in the cooperation between space and film. According to China Media Group, the story is about the 3 (team) six-month space journey in China’s space station. The movie 4 (tell) mainly from Wang’s point of view. It shows amazing space views that people have never seen, and provides a 5 (close) look at the life on the space station than before. As China’s first space movie project, it was filmed with 8K super clear cameras, 6 these cameras were fully developed in China. The 7 (create) team worked with space engineers and overcame many big challenges. These included rocket shake tests, space environment tests, and adapting the equipment (调整设备) so that it could be 8 (safe) charged (充电) and stored on the space station. The special filming equipment was sent to the space station by the Tianzhou cargo spaceship in 2021. On October 16, 2021, the Shenzhou-13 task sent three Chinese astronauts to the core module (核心舱) of China’s space station 9 (complete) their scientific research and filming work. During their task, the team performed two spacewalks and also showed 10 people live and work in space. This task marked the completion of testing for all the key technologies of China’s space station. 【答案】 1．by 2．an 3．team’s 4．is told 5．closer 6．and 7．creative 8．safely 9．to complete 10．how 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国首部太空拍摄的8K电影《窗外是蓝星》的拍摄背景、技术细节以及神舟十三号宇航员在空间站的科研与拍摄工作。 【详解】1．句意：这部电影使用了神舟十三号宇航员拍摄的视频。根据“videos taken”可知，表示“被……拍摄”，应用介词“by”。故填by。 2．句意：这是太空与电影合作中的重要一步。“step”为可数名词，“important”以元音音素开头，故填an。 3．句意：故事讲述了该团队在中国空间站为期六个月的太空之旅。表示“团队的”，应用名词所有格 team’s。故填team’s。 4．句意：这部电影主要从王亚平的角度讲述。描述一般事实，主语“movie”为第三人称单数，且电影是被讲述。故填is told。 5．句意：它提供了比以前更近距离观察空间站生活的视角。由“than”可知应用比较级，“close”的比较级为 closer。故填closer。 6．句意：它是用8K超清摄像机拍摄的，并且这些摄像机完全在中国研发。前后为并列关系，故填 and。 7．句意：创作团队与太空工程师合作，克服了许多重大挑战。修饰名词“team”，用形容词creative，意为“有创造力的”。故填creative。 8．句意：以便它能够安全地在空间站充电和存储。修饰动词“charged”和“stored”，用副词 safely。故填safely。 9．句意：将三名中国宇航员送入中国空间站核心舱，以完成他们的科研和拍摄工作。用不定式表示目的，故填to complete。 10．句意：还展示了人们在太空如何生活和工作。引导宾语从句，表示方式，故填 how。 Passage 4 （2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 Deng Qingming is one of the three Chinese astronauts carrying out China’s Shenzhou-15 spaceship mission. He 1 (final) got the chance to go to space after nearly 25 years of preparation. Deng was born in a village in Jiangxi Province in 1966. As his 2 (parent) both worked in the fields, he had to look after his younger brothers and sisters. At that time, his dream was to go to college and find a job 3 (support) his family. Deng 4 (be) a member of the PLA Air Force (空军) since 1984. When he left his village that year, his friends came to say goodbye to him. He was deeply touched and decided to work hard. Years of hard 5 (train) made him an excellent pilot, and he was chosen as one of the 6 (one) group of Chinese astronauts in 1998. For a long time, Deng served as a backup (后备) astronaut. His road to space was 7 (long) than that of his teammates. He spent almost all of his time preparing and waiting and he 8 (give) the chance to travel to space in the end. Besides that, Deng’s wife supported him a lot. She 9 (take) care of the whole family and never complained. “You’ve set an example to 10 (we) daughter and we are proud of you,” she told him. After a long wait, he flew into space by Shenzhou-15 spaceship in November 2022 at last. Twenty-five years was quite a long time, but Deng never gave up. Whenever the nation needs him, he is always waiting there, ready to take on any challenge. 【答案】 1．finally 2．parents 3．to support 4．has been 5．training 6．first 7．longer 8．was given 9．took 10．our 【导语】句意：本文主要介绍了宇航员邓清明的经历。 1．句意：经过近25年的准备，他终于有机会进入太空。此处用副词修饰动词，final的副词形式finally，意为“最终”。故填finally。 2．句意：由于他的父母都在地里干活，他不得不照顾弟弟妹妹。根据“both”可知此处用复数形式parents。故填parents。 3．句意：那时，他的梦想是上大学，找份工作养家。养家是找工作的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to support。 4．句意：邓自1984年以来一直是中国人民解放军空军的一员。根据“since 1984”可知用现在完成时，区域“Deng”后接助动词has，be的过去分词形式been。故填has been。 5．句意：多年的艰苦训练使他成为一名优秀的飞行员，并于1998年被选为中国首批宇航员之一。hard是形容词，其后接名词，train的名词形式training，意为“训练”，不可数名词。故填training。 6．句意：多年的艰苦训练使他成为一名优秀的飞行员，并于1998年被选为中国首批宇航员之一。定冠词the后接one的序数词形式first，意为“第一”。故填first。 7．句意：他的太空之路比他的队友要长。than前用形容词比较级longer表示“更长的”。故填longer。 8．句意：他几乎把所有的时间都花在准备和等待上，最终他得到了去太空旅行的机会。主语“he”与动词give之间是动宾关系，结合“spent”可知用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done，主语he后用be动词was，give的过去分词given。故填was given。 9．句意：她照顾全家，从不抱怨。根据“complained”可知用一般过去时，take的过去式took。故填took。 10．句意：“你为我们的女儿树立了榜样，我们为你感到骄傲，”她告诉他。daughter前用we的形容词性物主代词our表示“我们的”。故填our。 Passage 5 （2025·江苏南通·一模）请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Flying to the moon has been a Chinese dream for thousands of years. Professor Ye Shuhua is one of the key scientists who 1 (work) at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory for nearly half a century. To her, China’s lunar (月球的) project is 2 (excite) news for the country’s space industry. “For our astronomers, the moon is an ideal place 3 (go),” Ye said. Dreams of 4 (fly) to the moon have deep roots in Chinese culture. According to an ancient story, Chang’e was a fairy who 5 (take) a special drink that gave her the ability to fly to the moon. The dream has already come 6 (truly) for the US astronauts. But it will take China at 7 (little) ten years to land astronauts there. The project has developed public understanding of the space programme and people’s knowledge of the moon— 8 (especial) among the young people. A visitor said, “The moon is a satellite of the earth. There are millions of pits (深坑) on its surface.” Another visitor said, “The moon is beautiful, and it’s the nearest heavenly body to the earth. That’s why people want to land on it.” Naturally, the children enjoy learning about science. But for scientists like Ye Shuhua, the lunar project is only the 9 (begin). “Landing on the moon will be a project for 10 (today) young people, not for me. But I hope that on the day our astronauts land on the moon, I can watch your news reports,” Ye said. 【答案】 1．has worked 2．exciting 3．to go 4．flying 5．took 6．true 7．least 8．especially 9．beginning 10．today’s 【导语】本文主要讲述了叶叔华教授等科学家与中国探月工程相关的内容。 【详解】1．句意：叶树华教授是在上海天文台工作了近半个世纪的重要科学家之一。根据“for nearly half a century”可知，句子时态要用现在完成时，主语是Professor Ye Shuhua，要用“has+过去分词”结构，work的过去分词为worked。故填has worked。 2．句意：对她来说，中国的月球计划对中国的航天工业来说是一个振奋人心的消息。根据“China’s lunar (月球的) project is ... news”可知，此处修饰名词news，要用形容词，修饰物要用excite的形容词exciting“令人兴奋的”。故填exciting。 3．句意：叶说：“对我们天文学家来说，月球是一个理想的去处。”a place to do sth.“一个做某事的地方”，固定搭配，要用go的不定式to go。故填to go。 4．句意：飞向月球的梦想深深植根于中国文化。of是介词，后接动名词形式，fly的动名词形式为flying。故填flying。 5．句意：根据一个古老的故事，嫦娥是一位仙女，她喝了一种特殊的饮料，这种饮料赋予了她飞向月球的能力。根据“Chang’e was a fairy ...”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，take的过去式是took。故填took。 6．句意：对于美国宇航员来说，这个梦想已经实现了。come true“实现”，固定搭配，要用truely的形容词形式true。故填true。 7．句意：但中国至少需要十年时间才能将宇航员送到那里。at least“至少”，固定搭配，要用little的最高级形式least。故填least。 8．句意：该项目提高了公众对太空计划的理解和对月球的认识，尤其是在年轻人中。根据“among the young people”可知，此处修饰介词短语，要用especial的副词形式especially“尤其”。故填especially。 9．句意：但对于叶淑华这样的科学家来说，登月计划只是开始。the后接名词，begin的名词形式是beginning。故填beginning。 10．句意：登上月球将是当今年轻人的一个项目，而不是我的。根据“Landing on the moon will be a project for ... young people”可知，此处表示“当今的年轻人”，要用today的名词所有格today’s。故填today’s。 Passage 6 （2026·山东济南·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s Space Oven: Hot Meals in Space! China’s Tiangong Space Station has recently introduced a cool new tool —a special space oven! Astronauts on the Shenzhou-20 and Shenzhou-21 missions became the first to use it in outer space. Now they can enjoy hot, freshly cooked food hundreds of kilometers 1 the Earth. In the past, space food was 2 (most) pre-made. Astronauts just heated it up or ate it straight from the package. The taste and choices were very limited. But with this new oven, things 3 (change)! The menu in space is now much 4 (rich) and more enjoyable. Members of the team have successfully cooked popular dishes like Orleans chicken wings and black pepper beef. Footage (连续镜头) from the station shows astronauts carefully placing the wings into the special oven. After exactly 28 minutes, the wings came out soft and delicious, and everyone on board 5 (give) them warm praise. Yet cooking in space 6 (bring) special difficulties that do not exist on the Earth. Liu Weibo, an expert in space life support systems, pointed out that smoke and oil produced during baking are major concerns, as they can pollute the air inside the station. To solve this problem, the oven 7 (fit) with advanced technology to clean the air and collect extra oil. It is also strong and dependable, designed to work safely for at least 500 uses to support long-term space tasks. This oven is only one part of China’s efforts 8 (create) better living conditions in space. Today, the space station provides more than 190 kinds of food, with the menu changing every 10 days to keep meals balanced and healthy. In addition, astronauts have managed to grow fresh vegetables such as lettuce and cherry tomatoes in the 9 (station) small “space garden”, making their diet even healthier. “Spending months in a small, enclosed space can be challenging,” Liu added. “Tasty, warm food doesn’t just fill astronauts’ 10 (stomach)—it also calms their minds and improves their mood.” No matter how far away from Earth, a delicious hot meal remains one of the simplest and greatest comforts in space. 【答案】 1．from 2．mostly 3．have changed 4．richer 5．gave 6．brings 7．is fitted 8．to create 9．station’s 10．stomachs 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国天宫空间站的新型太空烤箱，它让宇航员能吃上热食，还能改善其饮食与心理状态。 【详解】1．句意：现在，它们可以在距离地球数百公里的地方享用新鲜烹制的热食。空后为the Earth“地球”，前面是距离hundreds of kilometers“数百公里”，表示“距离某地……远”，用介词from“离；从”。 2．句意：在过去，太空食品大多是预制的。宇航员只是将其加热或直接从包装中取出食用。most“大多数的”，此处用其副词形式mostly“通常；主要地”修饰整个句子。 3．句意：但有了这款新型烤箱，一切都变了！上文描述过去的事情，此处表示现在的变化结果，用现在完成时“have/has+过去分词”，主语things为复数，助动词用have，change“改变”的过去分词为changed。 4．句意：太空中的菜单现在更加丰富和更合胃口。rich“丰富的”，much修饰形容词比较级，rich的比较级为richer，和more enjoyable并列。 5．句意：整整28分钟后，鸡翅变得软糯美味，在轨的每位航天员都对此赞不绝口。根据“the wings came out soft and delicious”可知，时态为一般过去时，此处用give“给”的过去式gave。 6．句意：然而，在太空烹饪带来了地球上没有的特殊困难。bring“带来”，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，动名词cooking作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式brings。 7．句意：为了解决这个问题，烤箱配备了先进的技术来清洁空气和收集多余的油。fit“安置，安装”，描述客观事实，用一般现在时；“烤箱”是“被装配技术”，用一般现在时的被动语态“is/am/are+过去分词”，主语the oven为第三人称单数，be动词用is，fit的过去分词为fitted。 8．句意：这个烤箱只是中国为改善太空生活条件所做努力的一部分。create“创造”，此处用其不定式形式to create作后置定语，efforts to do sth“做某事的努力”。 9．句意：此外，宇航员还设法在空间站的小“太空花园”里种植了生菜和樱桃番茄等新鲜蔬菜，使他们的饮食更加健康。station“空间站”，此处修饰名词短语“space garden”，用名词所有格station’s。 10．句意：美味、温暖的食物不仅能填饱宇航员的胃，还能让他们平静下来，改善心情。astronauts是复数，所修饰的名词stomach“胃”也用复数stomachs。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Beyond Earth 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与自然——航空航天） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 （26-27九年级上·全国·单元测试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What is the solar system? It is our sun and other planets that travel around it. The sun is in the center of it and its shape looks 1 an egg. Our solar system is 2 (mystery) and it includes the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. To explore these planets, scientists have launched a 3 (rover) to Mars—Zhurong, which drives across the red 4 (planet) surface to collect soil and rock samples. For deeper exploration, 5 (man) spaceflights (with human astronauts) are being planned, and advanced technology will 6 (use) to solve key challenges. In space, astronauts experience a 7 (weigh) environment, where even simple tasks like eating feel 8 (complete) different from those on Earth. Working in space also means astronauts must cooperate 9 each other closely, as mistakes can lead to dangerous consequences. Unlike Earth’s 10 (crowd) cities, most planets in the solar system have empty, quiet surfaces—making them both lonely and fascinating for exploration. Passage 2 （2025·四川南充·中考真题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。 The astronauts of Shenzhou-20—Chen Dong, Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie — worked for about eight hours and 1 (complete) the first space walk on May 22nd. What is the life like in space? After a long day at work, astronauts will have dinners. In space, some foods can 2 (eat) in their natural forms, such as chocolate cakes and fruits. Other foods require an oven to heat. After dinner, astronauts have a rest, brush teeth 3 go to bed, just like on the earth. When going to sleep, they have to tie 4 (they), so they don’t float (漂浮) around or hit their bodies 5 something. They usually use sleeping bags that are put in a small cabin. Generally, astronauts have 6 eight-hour sleep each day after they finish their task. Exercise is also an important part of every astronaut’s daily life. 7 (keep) healthy, on average, they exercise two hours every day. Lifting 200 8 (pound) may be a lot of work on the earth. But lifting that same object in space would be much 9 (easy). That means sports equipment needs to be 10 (special) designed. Therefore, astronauts can receive the exercise needed. Passage 3 （25-26九年级上·湖南长沙·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On October 31, 2025, at 23:44, China’s Shenzhou XXI manned spacecraft (载人飞船) was sent into the sky, carrying commander (指令长) Zhang Lu and his 1 (teammate), Wu Fei and Zhang Hongzhang, into space. After the spaceship docked (对接) with the Tiangong space station, Zhang Lu and his team 2 (welcome) by the three astronauts already on board. During their six-month stay, Zhang Lu is supposed 3 (perform) many important tasks, such as doing scientific experiments and giving science lessons to students back on Earth. This is the second time that Zhang Lu has entered the space station. He 4 (dream) of going to space since he was a child. His journey to becoming an astronaut was long and full of hard work. Zhang Lu comes from Hanshou County, Changde City, Hunan Province. After years of difficult training, he 5 (successful) became an astronaut in 2010. 6 , he didn’t fly to space until November 2022, when he made his first trip to the Tiangong space station and lived and worked there 7 six months. He deeply realized that the 8 (hard) he trained, the more confident he would be in facing space challenges. During that first mission (太空飞行任务), besides his scientific work, Zhang Lu showed his 9 (expect) personal talents. He played the harmonica (口琴) and read poems in paper books. Now, as the commander of this new mission, Zhang Lu takes on a great sense of responsibility. He is responsible for the success of the mission and the team’s safety. Zhang Lu’s story shows us that with hard work and 10 loving heart, common people can also achieve great things. His journey encourages all of us to study hard, build strong character, and be ready to make our nation stronger when our time comes, and this spirit has been spread among young people. Passage 4 （26-27九年级上·全国·单元测试） Chinese scientists are working on a special project: making “moon bricks (砖头)” from moon soil. It is 1 (difficult) than building on Earth because of the extreme (极端) environment. There is no air, and the temperature changes a lot from very hot to very cold. These conditions make building on the moon very hard. Since carrying materials into space costs too much, using local soil is 2 wise choice. Moon soil can be turned into strong bricks, which may help solve this problem. Two months ago, the first “moon brick” 3 (produce) in a lab. This was an important achievement. 4 (scientist) believe these bricks will be used to build houses for future astronauts. These houses may help protect astronauts from danger and give them a safe place to live. They hope the moon will become our 5 (two) home one day. 6 (luck), the new bricks can stand high pressure. They can handle big temperature changes. The team is now trying 7 (improve) the design. They want to make the bricks lighter and easier to carry. This project is not just about science, 8 also about human dreams. People have always looked at the moon and wondered about it. 9 the help of these bricks, we might live on the moon in the future. It will take many years of hard work. I believe the 10 (succeed) of this project will surprise the whole world. One day, we might all be neighbors on the moon. Passage 5 （25-26九年级上·河北保定·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Yan Hongsen is a student from Zhejiang Province. He 1 (be) a space lover since he was four. And after he entered primary school, he even gave 2 lesson about rockets at an opening ceremony (仪式). Because of that, he 3 (call) “rocket boy” by all of his friends.   In 2022, Yan pointed out that a rocket was wrongly named in an educational video shown to 4 (visitor) at a planetarium (天文馆) in Lhasa. The planetarium corrected the mistake at once 5 thanked him. In the same year, Yan decided 6 (build) his own rocket. It 7 (take) him ten months to do research. He 8 (final) created his first rocket.   That rocket only traveled 200 meters 9 the air and then began to fall, and didn’t open 10 (it) parachute (降落伞) at the highest point. That day, Yan was 11 (excite) but unsatisfied. He researched the reason why he failed. He made 12 (change) in his choice of materials. Later, he launched his 13 (two) rocket successfully. According to Yan’s father, Yan is busy 14 his schoolwork like other kids. His father 15 (believe) that parents should leave more space for children to achieve their dreams. Meanwhile, parents should give them enough support. Passage 6 （25-26八年级下·辽宁大连·阶段检测）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 A successful failure On 13 April 1970, everything was looking good for the astronauts on Apollo13. Two days earlier, James Lovell, John Swigert, and Fred Haise 1 (leave) the earth to go to the moon. They rode in their spaceship’s command module (令). Suddenly, there was 2 loud noise. Part of their spaceship blew up. Oxygen escaped rapidly from the command module. They could not live 3 enough oxygen. They also needed oxygen to help power the command module. Without enough oxygen and power, there’s no way to return home. Yet, they were not alone. Engineers on earth began working on 4 (they) problems. With the 5 (engineer) help, the three men closed down the command module and went to the lunar module. The lunar module had plenty of oxygen, but not enough power, so the engineers found ways to help them 6 (save) power. Then, their increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the air became an issue. The engineers tried hard 7 discovered how to solve the problem. Finally, the engineers helped them get power to the command module so they could 8 (go) back to earth in it. After the three men on Apollo 13 came back to earth, their journey 9 (call) “a successful failure” by NASA．It was a failure because they didn’t set foot on the moon. But it was also a success since all of the men came home 10 (safe)—because of the excellent work of the whole team. Passage 7 （25-26八年级上·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The idea of space travel is not new, but space tourism for ordinary people is a recent development. Dennis Tito became the 1 (one) space tourist in 2001. He 2 (go) to the International Space Station, which was a real milestone in space exploration. This important trip showed that ordinary people could also travel to space one day. Today, several companies are working 3 (make) space travel more accessible (可获得的). For them, this is not just a business. It is a way 4 us to see our planet from different views. A short trip to the edge of space is now possible, 5 it is still very expensive. However, many people believe that this experience is much 6 (good) than any holiday on Earth. The journey itself is quite amazing. After 7 unforgettable rocket launch, passengers can unbuckle (解开扣子) and float freely inside the cabin. They experience weightlessness, which feels 8 (strange) peaceful. From the window, the Earth looks like one of the most beautiful 9 (planet) in the universe. Of course, safety during the flight requires everyone to follow strict rules. All passengers must complete special training and wear protective suits throughout the journey. This 10 (make) sure that everyone can enjoy this incredible adventure while staying safe. Passage 8 （25-26九年级下·江苏南通·阶段检测）请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式，使短文通顺、连贯。 China has made great progress in space exploration. The dream of sending Chinese astronauts to the moon is getting 1 (far) away from just a dream—it is becoming reality. On February 11,2026, China successfully performed a key flight test for its manned lunar exploration program at the Wenchang Space Launch Site. When facing the 2 (possible) of danger at the moment of greatest pressure on the rocket, the escape system worked without any problem. The return capsule (返回舱) separated from the rocket as planned. After about 470 seconds, both the first stage of the rocket and the return capsule 3 (fall) into the sea safely in the planned area. This test marked the first flight of the Long March-10 in its prototype form (原型状态). Astronauts 4 (choose) carefully for such important missions. This success helps with the 5 (develop) of future flight models. If any part of the system 6 (fail), the result will be dangerous, but this time everything worked as it should. The interest in space among young people is growing. More students are learning about science and hoping to become astronauts. Space exploration also helps us understand how to protect our 7 (pollute) Earth better. 8 (day) efforts of the scientists and engineers made this success a reality. Their hard work is often 9 (know) to the public, but it is truly valuable. The goal is 10 (serve) the country’s dream of exploring space and to inspire future generations. This important success brings China closer to its goal of sending astronauts to the moon before 2030. The journey continues, and the future is full of hope. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 （2026·四川南充·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。 China’s space classroom has become very popular among students. On October 12th, the astronauts of Shenzhou held the 1 (four) space classroom session. Thousands of students from all over the country watched the live broadcast. In the space classroom, astronauts showed students how to do experiments in space. They showed the effect of 2 (weight) on water, plants and even small animals. The experiments were so interesting that students 3 (excite) asked many questions. Astronauts also shared 4 (they) daily life in space. They talked about how they sleep, eat and exercise. To keep healthy, astronauts exercise for two hours every day. They use special exercise equipment to prevent muscle loss. The space classroom is not only 5 (educate) but also inspiring. It helps students learn scientific knowledge in a fun way 6 encourages them to pursue their dreams of exploring space. Many students say that they want to be astronauts or scientists when they grow up. Since 2013, China 7 (hold) several space classes. Each class has different themes and experiments. The next class 8 (plan) to be held next year, and it will focus on space agriculture. The space classroom connects students on Earth 9 the mysterious space. It opens a window for young people to explore the universe and helps them develop 10 interest in science. Passage 2 （2025·贵州贵阳·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (酒泉卫星发射中心) became very bright on April 24, 2025. The Long March-2F rocket (长征二号F运载火箭) took the Shenzhou-20 manned spacecraft into the sky. It 1 (fly) fast towards the big universe. This day is very special. It’s the 10th “China Space Day” and also the 55th birthday of the “Dongfanghong-1” satellite’s launch. Fifty-five years ago, on April 24, 1970, China sent 2 (it) first man-made satellite, “Dongfanghong-1”, into space. At that time, things were hard. 3 Chinese scientists didn’t give up. They worked very hard and solved many problems. They wanted people to see the satellite, so a big “skirt” 4 (put) on the rocket. The “Dongfanghong-1” played the song Dongfanghong in space. It started China’s space journey. Now, 55 years later, the Shenzhou-20 spacecraft flies again. There are three astronauts in this mission (使命). Chen Dong is the 5 (lead). He has been into space twice. Chen Zhongrui and Wang Jie are new astronauts. This is their 6 (one) space trip. From “Dongfanghong-1” 7 “Shenzhou-20”, China’s space science has developed a lot. In the past, we just sent satellites into space. Now, we build space stations and do science experiments there. The Shenzhou-20 has new technology. It can meet and join with the space station quickly. The batteries in it are improved. It makes the spacecraft lighter and work 8 (well). But one thing never changes. That is 9 special spirit of Chinese space scientists. They love their country and work hard. In the past, they made great things happen with few tools. Today young scientists keep 10 (work) hard, too. China’s space science will go further and make more great achievements. Passage 3 （2026·山东青岛·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s first 8K movie filmed in space, named Blue Planet Outside the Window, was shown all over the country on September 5,2025. The movie uses videos taken 1 Shenzhou-13 astronauts. And it is 2 important step in the cooperation between space and film. According to China Media Group, the story is about the 3 (team) six-month space journey in China’s space station. The movie 4 (tell) mainly from Wang’s point of view. It shows amazing space views that people have never seen, and provides a 5 (close) look at the life on the space station than before. As China’s first space movie project, it was filmed with 8K super clear cameras, 6 these cameras were fully developed in China. The 7 (create) team worked with space engineers and overcame many big challenges. These included rocket shake tests, space environment tests, and adapting the equipment (调整设备) so that it could be 8 (safe) charged (充电) and stored on the space station. The special filming equipment was sent to the space station by the Tianzhou cargo spaceship in 2021. On October 16, 2021, the Shenzhou-13 task sent three Chinese astronauts to the core module (核心舱) of China’s space station 9 (complete) their scientific research and filming work. During their task, the team performed two spacewalks and also showed 10 people live and work in space. This task marked the completion of testing for all the key technologies of China’s space station. Passage 4 （2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 Deng Qingming is one of the three Chinese astronauts carrying out China’s Shenzhou-15 spaceship mission. He 1 (final) got the chance to go to space after nearly 25 years of preparation. Deng was born in a village in Jiangxi Province in 1966. As his 2 (parent) both worked in the fields, he had to look after his younger brothers and sisters. At that time, his dream was to go to college and find a job 3 (support) his family. Deng 4 (be) a member of the PLA Air Force (空军) since 1984. When he left his village that year, his friends came to say goodbye to him. He was deeply touched and decided to work hard. Years of hard 5 (train) made him an excellent pilot, and he was chosen as one of the 6 (one) group of Chinese astronauts in 1998. For a long time, Deng served as a backup (后备) astronaut. His road to space was 7 (long) than that of his teammates. He spent almost all of his time preparing and waiting and he 8 (give) the chance to travel to space in the end. Besides that, Deng’s wife supported him a lot. She 9 (take) care of the whole family and never complained. “You’ve set an example to 10 (we) daughter and we are proud of you,” she told him. After a long wait, he flew into space by Shenzhou-15 spaceship in November 2022 at last. Twenty-five years was quite a long time, but Deng never gave up. Whenever the nation needs him, he is always waiting there, ready to take on any challenge. Passage 5 （2025·江苏南通·一模）请认真阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或时态，使短文通顺、连贯。 Flying to the moon has been a Chinese dream for thousands of years. Professor Ye Shuhua is one of the key scientists who 1 (work) at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory for nearly half a century. To her, China’s lunar (月球的) project is 2 (excite) news for the country’s space industry. “For our astronomers, the moon is an ideal place 3 (go),” Ye said. Dreams of 4 (fly) to the moon have deep roots in Chinese culture. According to an ancient story, Chang’e was a fairy who 5 (take) a special drink that gave her the ability to fly to the moon. The dream has already come 6 (truly) for the US astronauts. But it will take China at 7 (little) ten years to land astronauts there. The project has developed public understanding of the space programme and people’s knowledge of the moon— 8 (especial) among the young people. A visitor said, “The moon is a satellite of the earth. There are millions of pits (深坑) on its surface.” Another visitor said, “The moon is beautiful, and it’s the nearest heavenly body to the earth. That’s why people want to land on it.” Naturally, the children enjoy learning about science. But for scientists like Ye Shuhua, the lunar project is only the 9 (begin). “Landing on the moon will be a project for 10 (today) young people, not for me. But I hope that on the day our astronauts land on the moon, I can watch your news reports,” Ye said. Passage 6 （2026·山东济南·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s Space Oven: Hot Meals in Space! China’s Tiangong Space Station has recently introduced a cool new tool —a special space oven! Astronauts on the Shenzhou-20 and Shenzhou-21 missions became the first to use it in outer space. Now they can enjoy hot, freshly cooked food hundreds of kilometers 1 the Earth. In the past, space food was 2 (most) pre-made. Astronauts just heated it up or ate it straight from the package. The taste and choices were very limited. But with this new oven, things 3 (change)! The menu in space is now much 4 (rich) and more enjoyable. Members of the team have successfully cooked popular dishes like Orleans chicken wings and black pepper beef. Footage (连续镜头) from the station shows astronauts carefully placing the wings into the special oven. After exactly 28 minutes, the wings came out soft and delicious, and everyone on board 5 (give) them warm praise. Yet cooking in space 6 (bring) special difficulties that do not exist on the Earth. Liu Weibo, an expert in space life support systems, pointed out that smoke and oil produced during baking are major concerns, as they can pollute the air inside the station. To solve this problem, the oven 7 (fit) with advanced technology to clean the air and collect extra oil. It is also strong and dependable, designed to work safely for at least 500 uses to support long-term space tasks. This oven is only one part of China’s efforts 8 (create) better living conditions in space. Today, the space station provides more than 190 kinds of food, with the menu changing every 10 days to keep meals balanced and healthy. In addition, astronauts have managed to grow fresh vegetables such as lettuce and cherry tomatoes in the 9 (station) small “space garden”, making their diet even healthier. “Spending months in a small, enclosed space can be challenging,” Liu added. “Tasty, warm food doesn’t just fill astronauts’ 10 (stomach)—it also calms their minds and improves their mood.” No matter how far away from Earth, a delicious hot meal remains one of the simplest and greatest comforts in space. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Beyond Earth 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与自然——航空航天） 参考答案 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1．like 2．mysterious 3．rover 4．planet’s 5．manned 6．be used 7．weightless 8．completely 9．with 10．crowded Passage 2 1．completed 2．be eaten 3．and 4．themselves 5．against/on 6．an 7．To keep 8．pounds 9．easier 0．specially Passage 3 1．teammates 2．were welcomed 3．to perform 4．has dreamed 5．successfully 6．However 7．for 8．harder 9．unexpected 10．a Passage 4 1．more difficult 2．a 3．was produced 4．Scientists 5．second 6．Luckily 7．to improve 8．but 9．With 10．success Passage 5 1．has been 2．a 3．was called 4．visitors 5．and 6．to build 7．took 8．finally 9．in 10．its 11．excited 12．changes 13．second 14．with 15．believes Passage 6 1．left 2．a 3．without 4．their 5．engineers’ 6．save/to save 7．and 8．go 9．was called 10．safely Passage 7 1．first 2．went 3．to make 4．for 5．but 6．better 7．an 8．strangely 9．planets 10．makes Passage 8 1．further 2．possibility 3．fell 4．are chosen 5．development 6．fails 7．polluted 8．Daily 9．unknown 10．to serve 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 1．fourth 2．weightlessness 3．excitedly 4．their 5．educational 6．and 7．has held 8．is planned/has been planned 9．with 10．an Passage 2 1．flew 2．its 3．But 4．was put 5．leader 6．first 7．to 8．better 9．the/a 10．working Passage 3 1．by 2．an 3．team’s 4．is told 5．closer 6．and 7．creative 8．safely 9．to complete 10．how Passage 4 1．finally 2．parents 3．to support 4．has been 5．training 6．first 7．longer 8．was given 9．took 10．our Passage 5 1．has worked 2．exciting 3．to go 4．flying 5．took 6．true 7．least 8．especially 9．beginning 10．today’s Passage 6 1．from 2．mostly 3．have changed 4．richer 5．gave 6．brings 7．is fitted 8．to create 9．station’s 10．stomachs 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $