09-高考阅读理解专题 -2027年高三英语二轮复习专项

**基本信息** 高中英语二轮阅读理解专项训练，以“定位-分析-推理”三阶解题法为核心，融合语言能力与思维品质培养，覆盖细节理解、推理判断及七选五题型。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |A篇（沙漠治理）|4题|定位原文关键句（如windbreaks作用）；排除绝对化选项（如“任何环境”）|环境问题→解决方案→效益与挑战的逻辑链| |B篇（AI与中医）|4题|作者态度分析（如“not replace but assistant”）；概念辨析（如“qi”的量化争议）|技术应用→优势→局限的辩证思维| |C篇（习惯养成）|5题|七选五逻辑衔接（如环境设计与行为改变的因果关系）|习惯形成原理→策略（替代/环境/问责）→实践指导|

Branch 09 高考阅读理解专题 （建议用时：35 min） 一、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Taklimakan Desert, known as the "Sea of Death," stretches across the Tarim Basin in northwest China. For decades, this vast expanse of sand has posed a serious threat to surrounding communities, with sandstorms frequently sweeping across farmlands and cities, damaging crops and endangering public health. However, a large-scale ecological project has been underway since the 1970s, aiming to transform this barren landscape into a greener, more habitable region. The project, often referred to as the "Green Great Wall," involves planting a network of trees and shrubs along the desert's edges. These plants serve as windbreaks, slowing the wind and trapping sand particles before they can be carried into populated areas. Scientists carefully selected species that could survive the harsh conditions, including drought-resistant saxaul trees and salt-tolerant tamarisk. Over the years, the survival rate has gradually improved as researchers adjust planting techniques to local soil and climate conditions. The ecological benefits have been remarkable. Satellite data shows that the area of desertified land has decreased significantly, while vegetation cover has increased. The reduction in sandstorms has improved air quality in cities like Beijing and Xi'an, which were once frequently hit by yellow dust. Moreover, the restored land has created new economic opportunities. Local farmers now cultivate medicinal herbs and fruits between the shelterbelts, generating income while protecting the environment. This integrated approach combines ecological restoration with poverty alleviation, earning the project international recognition. Despite these successes, challenges remain. Climate change has brought unpredictable weather patterns, including periods of extreme drought that weaken young trees. Additionally, maintaining the planted areas requires continuous investment in irrigation and monitoring. Some experts argue that the project's long-term sustainability depends on adopting more advanced water-saving technologies and involving local communities more deeply in management decisions. Nevertheless, the Taklimakan greening project stands as a powerful example of human determination to fight environmental degradation. It demonstrates that with scientific planning and persistent effort, even the most hostile environments can be reclaimed. 1.What is the main purpose of the "Green Great Wall" project? A. To provide wood for local construction. B. To create a tourist attraction in the desert. C. To prevent sandstorms from reaching populated areas. D. To study the climate patterns of the Taklimakan Desert. 2.Why did scientists choose saxaul and tamarisk trees for the project? A. These trees grow very quickly in any environment. B. These trees can survive the desert's extreme conditions. C. These trees are easy to transport from other regions. D. These trees produce valuable fruits for sale. 3.What economic benefit has the project brought to local farmers? A. They can sell the trees for high prices. B. They can grow profitable crops between the trees. C. They can work as tour guides in the desert. D. They can receive government salaries for planting. 4.What challenge does the project currently face according to the passage? A. The local government has stopped funding the project. B. The trees are being cut down by local residents. C. Climate change is causing droughts that harm young trees. D. The project has already achieved all its goals. B Artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming industries worldwide, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is no exception. While some purists worry that technology might depersonalize this ancient healing practice, others see AI as a powerful tool that can enhance diagnosis, improve treatment accuracy, and make TCM more accessible to a global audience. The integration of AI into TCM represents a fascinating fusion of ancient wisdom and modern innovation. One of the most promising applications is in herbal prescription. TCM practitioners typically rely on years of experience to combine multiple herbs into complex formulas tailored to individual patients. AI systems can now analyze thousands of historical prescriptions and clinical records to identify effective herb combinations for specific symptoms. This not only saves time but also helps less experienced practitioners avoid common errors. In clinical trials, AI-assisted prescriptions have shown comparable effectiveness to those created by senior experts. AI is also improving the accuracy of pulse diagnosis, a traditional technique that requires years of training to master. Wearable sensors can now capture pulse signals with high precision, and machine learning algorithms interpret these signals to detect subtle patterns that may indicate early-stage diseases. This technology is particularly valuable in rural areas where access to experienced TCM doctors is limited. Patients can receive preliminary assessments remotely and then decide whether to seek further treatment. However, the adoption of AI in TCM faces significant obstacles. Critics argue that TCM is based on holistic principles that cannot be fully captured by data-driven algorithms. The concept of "qi" or vital energy, for instance, is central to TCM but difficult to quantify. Moreover, there are concerns about data privacy and the ownership of digital health records. Some practitioners worry that over-reliance on AI might undermine the intuitive skills that are traditionally developed through decades of hands-on experience. Despite these debates, the trend towards AI integration seems unavoidable. Proponents believe that AI will not replace TCM practitioners but will instead act as a valuable assistant, enabling them to spend more time on direct patient care and less on routine analysis. This collaboration could usher in a new era of personalized, efficient, and scientifically validated traditional medicine. 5.What is one benefit of using AI for herbal prescriptions in TCM? A. It eliminates the need for human practitioners. B. It helps identify effective herb combinations more efficiently. C. It makes all prescriptions exactly the same for every patient. D. It reduces the cost of herbs significantly. 6.How does AI help with pulse diagnosis in rural areas? A. By providing free wearable sensors to all patients. B. By replacing the need for any human doctor. C. By offering remote preliminary assessments. D. By teaching local doctors how to take pulses. 7.What concern do critics have about using AI in TCM? A. AI systems are too expensive for most clinics. B. AI cannot fully understand holistic concepts like "qi." C. AI prescriptions are less effective than traditional ones. D. AI will make all doctors lose their jobs. 8.What is the author's overall attitude towards the use of AI in TCM? A. Strongly opposed. B. Completely indifferent. C. Cautiously optimistic. D. Highly skeptical. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 C We all have habits we wish we could change—whether it's procrastinating on important tasks, checking our phones too frequently, or reaching for unhealthy snacks. The science of habit formation reveals that behaviors become automatic through repeated practice in stable contexts. Understanding this process is the first step towards transforming our daily routines. The habit loop consists of three components: a cue, a routine, and a reward. The cue triggers the behavior, the routine is the behavior itself, and the reward is the positive feeling that reinforces the habit. To change a bad habit, you must identify the cue and reward while substituting a new routine. For example, if stress triggers you to eat sweets, you might instead take a short walk when you feel stressed. (9) ______ Over time, this new behavior will become as automatic as the old one. One common mistake is trying to change too many things at once. Experts recommend focusing on one habit at a time, starting with a small, manageable change. (10) ______ Once that change becomes stable, you can gradually add more. This approach prevents feelings of being overwhelmed and increases your chances of long-term success. Another effective strategy is to design your environment for success. If you want to read more, place a book on your pillow every morning. If you want to exercise, lay out your sports clothes the night before. (11) ______ These small adjustments reduce the mental effort required to act, making it easier to stick to your new routine. Accountability can also significantly boost your commitment. Share your goals with a friend or join a group of people with similar objectives. (12) ______ Regular check-ins create a sense of responsibility and provide motivation when your own willpower wanes. Finally, be kind to yourself when you slip up. Relapses are a normal part of the change process, not a sign of failure. (13) ______ Allow yourself to learn from mistakes and continue moving forward. 选项（A-G）： A. This may be the most effective way to build lasting change. B. The key is to ensure the new routine still satisfies the same need. C. Instead of feeling discouraged, view each setback as valuable feedback. D. These environmental changes can make a surprising difference. E. Knowing that others are watching can keep you on track. F. The best time to start building a new habit is in the morning. G. This small victory will give you confidence to tackle bigger challenges. 参考答案与解析 阅读理解 A篇 第1题 答案：C 解析：第二段明确指出这些植物"serve as windbreaks, slowing the wind and trapping sand particles before they can be carried into populated areas"，即防止沙尘暴到达人口密集区。A项"提供木材"、B项"创建旅游景点"、D项"研究气候模式"均不是主要目的。 第2题 答案：B 解析：第二段提到科学家选择了能够"survive the harsh conditions"的树种，包括耐旱的梭梭树和耐盐的柽柳。A项"在任何环境中都快速生长"过于绝对；C项"容易运输"未提及；D项"结出有价值的水果"与事实不符。 第3题 答案：B 解析：第三段提到"Local farmers now cultivate medicinal herbs and fruits between the shelterbelts, generating income"，即在树间种植药材和水果创收。A项"卖树高价"、C项"当导游"、D项"领政府工资"均未提及。 第4题 答案：C 解析：第四段指出"climate change has brought unpredictable weather patterns, including periods of extreme drought that weaken young trees"。A项"政府停止资助"与"需要持续投资"相反；B项"居民砍树"未提及；D项"已达成所有目标"与"挑战仍存"矛盾。 阅读理解 B篇 第5题 答案：B 解析：第二段提到AI可以"analyze thousands of historical prescriptions and clinical records to identify effective herb combinations"，即帮助更高效地识别有效草药组合。A项"消除人类从业者需要"过于极端；C项"使所有处方相同"与"个性化"目标相反；D项"显著降低草药成本"未提及。 第6题 答案：C 解析：第三段提到"Patients can receive preliminary assessments remotely and then decide whether to seek further treatment"，即提供远程初步评估。A项"免费提供传感器"、B项"取代人类医生"、D项"教当地医生"均未提及。 第7题 答案：B 解析：第四段指出批评者认为"TCM is based on holistic principles that cannot be fully captured by data-driven algorithms"，并举"气"为例。A项"AI太贵"、C项"AI处方效果更差"（文中说"效果相当"）、D项"所有医生失业"（文中仅提"可能削弱直觉技能"）均不正确。 第8题 答案：C 解析：全文既肯定了AI的优势（提高诊断准确性、辅助开方），也承认了挑战（数据隐私、整体性原则的量化困难），最后一段指出"AI will not replace TCM practitioners but will instead act as a valuable assistant"，体现了谨慎乐观的态度。 阅读理解 C篇（七选五） 第9题 答案：B 解析：前文举例"如果压力触发你吃甜食，可以用散步代替"，后文"新行为会逐渐变得自动化"。B项"关键是确保新行为仍能满足同样的需求"解释了替代行为能够成功的核心条件，此处承上启下。 第10题 答案：G 解析：前文建议"一次只改一个习惯，从小处着手"，后文"一旦稳定后再逐步增加"。G项"这个小胜利会给你信心去应对更大挑战"说明小改变成功带来的心理激励作用。 第11题 答案：D 解析：前文举例"在枕头上放书、提前准备好运动服"等环境设计，D项"这些环境改变能产生惊人效果"是对这些行为的总括评价，引出后文"减少行动的心理努力"。 第12题 答案：E 解析：前文提到"与朋友分享目标或加入有相似目标的群体"，E项"知道有人在关注你能让你不偏离轨道"解释了社交问责机制的作用，后文"定期检查创造责任感"进一步印证。 第13题 答案：C 解析：前文"对自己宽容，复发是正常过程"，后文"从错误中学习，继续前进"。C项"不要气馁，把每次挫折看作宝贵的反馈"与"学习"相呼应，同时与"不是失败"的观点一致。A项"这可能是建立持久改变最有效的方法"缺乏明确指代对象；F项"开始培养新习惯的最佳时间是早晨"在文中完全没有相关语境支持。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $