31-高考核心688词汇 任务单-2027年高三英语二轮复习专项

**基本信息** 以核心词汇为枢纽，构建"记忆-辨析-语篇应用-语法转换-翻译输出"的递进训练体系，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |Section A|20词（含音标、词性词义）|单词默背（双轮检测）|基础词汇记忆，建立音形义联结| |Section B|20词（每题1-3小题）|词义选择（一词多义辨析）|巩固词汇语境含义，提升词义判断能力| |Section C|1篇完形（20空）|语篇填空（词义辨析、逻辑推理）|词汇在语篇中的综合应用，培养语篇思维| |Section D|2段填空（约20空）|语法填空（词形转换）|词汇语法属性迁移，强化语法应用能力| |Section E|5句互译|中英互译（词汇综合运用）|词汇跨语境转换，提升语言表达与理解能力|

Leaf 31 Section A 单词背诵 Section B 词义巩固 Section C 完形填空 Section D 语法填空 Section E 中英互译 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 reward[ri'wɔ:d] v. 奖赏；报答；n. 报酬；赏金；奖励 £ £ £ £ £ £ transform[træns'fɔ:m] v. 转换；改变；改造 £ £ £ £ £ £ legend['ledʒənd] n. 传奇；传说；传奇人物 £ £ £ £ £ £ temptation[temp'teiʃn] n. 诱惑；引诱；诱惑物 £ £ £ £ £ £ faithfully['feiθfəli] adv. 忠实地；诚心诚意地 £ £ £ £ £ £ sympathy['simpəθi] n. 同情；赞同；慰问 £ £ £ £ £ £ fetch[fetʃ] v. 取来；拿来；售得 £ £ £ £ £ £ satisfy['sætisfai] v. 使满意；满足（要求） £ £ £ £ £ £ democratic[ˌdemə'krætik] adj. 民主的；民主党的；大众的 £ £ £ £ £ £ astronaut['æstrənɔ:t] n. 宇航员；航天员 £ £ £ £ £ £ convenient[kən'vi:njənt] adj. 方便的；便利的 £ £ £ £ £ £ protect[prə'tekt] v. 保护；防卫 £ £ £ £ £ £ accuse[ə'kju:z] v. 控告 (of)，指责；指控 £ £ £ £ £ £ concert['kɔnsət] n. 音乐会；一致；和谐 £ £ £ £ £ £ minor['mainə] adj. 较小的，次要的；未成年的；n. 未成年人；辅修科目 £ £ £ £ £ £ abnormal[æb'nɔ:məl] adj. 不正常的；反常的；变态的 £ £ £ £ £ £ cause[kɔ:z] v. 引起，导致；n. 原因；事业；目标 £ £ £ £ £ £ brief[bri:f] adj. 短暂的，简短的；简洁的；n. 摘要；v. 简要介绍 £ £ £ £ £ £ perform[pə'fɔ:m] v. 执行；表演；运转 £ £ £ £ £ £ damage['dæmidʒ] v. 损害；毁坏；n. 损害；赔偿金 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） reward 【A】v. 奖赏；报答 【B】n. 报酬；赏金；奖励 [rɪˈwɔːd] ①（ ）The company gave him a big reward for his hard work. ②（ ）Parents reward children for good behaviour. fetch 【A】v. 取来；拿来 【B】v. 售得 [fetʃ] ①（ ）Fetch me a glass of water, please. ②（ ）The old painting fetched a high price at the auction. cause 【A】v. 引起，导致 【B】n. 原因 【C】n. 事业；目标 [kɔːz] ①（ ）Many people devote themselves to a worthy cause. ②（ ）Carelessness causes many traffic accidents. ③（ ）No one knows the real cause of the fire. brief 【A】adj. 短暂的，简短的；简洁的 【B】n. 摘要 【C】v. 简要介绍 [briːf] ①（ ）The manager briefed the team on today's task. ②（ ）He gave a brief speech at the meeting. ③（ ）Read the brief before studying the full report. damage 【A】v. 损害；毁坏 【B】n. 损害；赔偿金 [ˈdæmɪdʒ] ①（ ）Strong winds damaged many trees in the park. ②（ ）He paid a large sum of money as damage. transform 【A】v. 转换；改变；改造 [trænsˈfɔːm] ①（ ）Hard work transformed his whole life. legend 【A】n. 传奇；传说；传奇人物 [ˈledʒənd] ①（ ）The old story is a famous local legend. temptation 【A】n. 诱惑；引诱；诱惑物 [tempˈteɪʃn] ①（ ）He could not resist the temptation of delicious food. faithfully 【A】adv. 忠实地；诚心诚意地 [ˈfeɪθfəli] ①（ ）The dog faithfully waited for its owner every day. sympathy 【A】n. 同情；赞同；慰问 [ˈsɪmpəθi] ①（ ）We have deep sympathy for people in trouble. satisfy 【A】v. 使满意；满足（要求） [ˈsætɪsfaɪ] ①（ ）The result did not satisfy everyone. democratic 【A】adj. 民主的；民主党的；大众的 [ˌdeməˈkrætɪk] ①（ ）We encourage democratic discussion in class. astronaut 【A】n. 宇航员；航天员 [ˈæstrənɔːt] ①（ ）The astronaut returned safely to the earth. convenient 【A】adj. 方便的；便利的 [kənˈviːnjənt] ①（ ）Online shopping is very convenient for busy people. protect 【A】v. 保护；防卫 [prəˈtekt] ①（ ）We must protect wild animals. accuse 【A】v. 控告(of)，指责；指控 [əˈkjuːz] ①（ ）They accused him of breaking the rule. concert 【A】n. 音乐会；一致；和谐 [ˈkɒnsət] ①（ ）We are going to attend a concert this weekend. minor 【A】adj. 较小的，次要的；未成年的；n. 未成年人；辅修科目 [ˈmaɪnə] ①（ ）This is just a minor problem. abnormal 【A】adj. 不正常的；反常的；变态的 [æbˈnɔːməl] ①（ ）The doctor found some abnormal signs. perform 【A】v. 执行；表演；运转 [pəˈfɔːm] ①（ ）The machine performs well in cold weather. reward：①【B】②【A】 fetch：①【A】②【B】 cause：①【C】②【A】③【B】 brief：①【C】②【A】③【B】 damage：①【A】②【B】 transform：①【A】 legend：①【A】 temptation：①【A】 faithfully：①【A】 sympathy：①【A】 satisfy：①【A】 democratic：①【A】 astronaut：①【A】 convenient：①【A】 protect：①【A】 accuse：①【A】 concert：①【A】 minor：①【A】 abnormal：①【A】 perform：①【A】 Section C 完形填空 （阅读下面短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。考察词义辨析、固定搭配、一词多义、语篇逻辑推理。） Throughout world history, numerous remarkable figures have left eternal marks and become eternal ___1___ of human civilization. They devoted their lives to noble causes, chose to stick to their ideals firmly and ___2___, and refused to yield to worldly ___3___. Their extraordinary deeds have deeply ___4___ ordinary people’s spiritual needs and won wide public respect. Many historical pioneers committed themselves to promoting ___5___ systems and social equality. They dared to reform outdated systems, ___6___ unreasonable social rules, and ___7___ the vulnerable groups from unfair treatment. Instead of seeking personal gains or material ___8___, they endured countless hardships to pursue public welfare. Even facing public doubt and deliberate ___9___, they never abandoned their original aspirations. These great figures never follow ___10___ or twisted values. They are good at spotting potential factors that may ___11___ social chaos or public ___12___ in advance. With ___13___ judgment and clear thinking, they take decisive actions to avoid social unrest. Unlike those obsessed with trivial and ___14___ personal gains, they focus on long-term social progress. Many of them also ___15___ public duties perfectly. In ___16___ public activities or social campaigns, they always put public interests first. Their efforts greatly ___17___ outdated social structures and brought positive changes to humanity. Though their life spans might be ___18___, their spirits are immortal. They teach us to hold ___19___ for the weak, stick to kindness, and create a more ___20___ and just world for future generations. 1. A. legends B. conventions C. pioneers D. exploits 2. A. rigidly B. faithfully C. boldly D. steadily 3. A. bias B. welfare C. temptation D. discrimination 4. A. satisfy B. stimulate C. enrich D. refine 5. A. democratic B. refined C. structured D. progressive 6. A. overturn B. condemn C. undermine D. neglect 7. A. protect B. shield C. safeguard D. secure 8. A. profit B. reward C. subsidy D. gain 9. A. accusation B. disapproval C. resistance D. conflict 10. A. abnormal B. absurd C. extreme D. false 11. A. trigger B. cause C. induce D. spark 12. A. crisis B. loss C. harm D. turmoil 13. A. concise B. accurate C. rational D. comprehensive 14. A. petty B. minor C. narrow D. superficial 15. A. perform B. undertake C. fulfill D. complete 16. A. routine B. public C. official D. collective 17. A. reshape B. transform C. overhaul D. renovate 18. A. temporary B. limited C. fleeting D. transient 19. A. sympathy B. leniency C. tolerance D. compassion 20. A. inclusive B. egalitarian C. equitable D. civilized 解析： 1. 应填：A. legends。分析：句子意为“成为人类文明的永恒‘传奇’”，legends表示“传奇”，强调伟大人物的事迹被传颂。语法上legends为可数名词复数，作become的宾语。排除：B.conventions（惯例，强调常规）；C.pioneers（先驱，虽可搭配但更强调开拓者）；D.exploits（功绩，强调具体成就）。 2. 应填：B. faithfully。分析：句子意为“坚定且‘忠实地’坚持自己的理想”，faithfully表示“忠实地”，强调忠诚不渝。语法上faithfully为副词修饰stick。排除：A.rigidly（僵化地，强调死板）；C.boldly（大胆地，强调勇敢）；D.steadily（稳定地，强调持续平稳）。 3. 应填：C. temptation。分析：句子意为“拒绝向世俗的‘诱惑’屈服”，worldly temptation表示“世俗诱惑”，强调外界引诱。语法上temptation为名词，作yield to的宾语。排除：A.bias（偏见，强调不公正）；B.welfare（福利，强调福祉）；D.discrimination（歧视，强调区别对待）。 4. 应填：A. satisfy。分析：句子意为“深深‘满足’了普通人的精神需求”，satisfy needs表示“满足需求”，强调使满意。语法上satisfy为及物动词，后接needs。排除：B.stimulate（刺激，强调激发）；C.enrich（丰富，强调提升质量）；D.refine（精炼，强调完善）。 5. 应填：A. democratic。分析：句子意为“致力于推动‘民主的’制度和社会平等”，democratic systems表示“民主制度”，强调人民主权。语法上democratic为形容词修饰systems。排除：B.refined（精炼的，强调优雅）；C.structured（结构化的，强调组织）；D.progressive（进步的，强调先进）。 6. 应填：C. undermine。分析：句子意为“‘破坏’不合理的社会规则”，undermine rules表示“破坏规则”，强调暗中削弱。语法上undermine为及物动词，后接rules。排除：A.overturn（推翻，强调彻底颠倒）；B.condemn（谴责，强调批评）；D.neglect（忽视，强调不注意）。 7. 应填：A. protect。分析：句子意为“‘保护’弱势群体免受不公待遇”，protect from表示“保护免受”，强调防御。语法上protect为及物动词，后接groups。排除：B.shield（庇护，强调遮挡）；C.safeguard（保卫，强调保障）；D.secure（获得，强调确保安全）。 8. 应填：B. reward。分析：句子意为“不追求个人利益或物质‘回报’”，material reward表示“物质回报”，强调奖赏。语法上reward为名词，作seeking的宾语。排除：A.profit（利润，多指金钱收益）；C.subsidy（补贴，强调政府补助）；D.gain（收获，强调获得）。 9. 应填：A. accusation。分析：句子意为“即使面对公众质疑和蓄意‘指责’”，deliberate accusation表示“蓄意指责”，强调被诬陷。语法上accusation为名词，作facing的宾语。排除：B.disapproval（不赞同，强调反对）；C.resistance（抵抗，强调反抗）；D.conflict（冲突，强调对抗）。 10. 应填：A. abnormal。分析：句子意为“这些伟大人物从不追随‘反常的’或扭曲的价值观”，abnormal values表示“反常价值观”，强调偏离正常。语法上abnormal为形容词修饰values。排除：B.absurd（荒谬的，强调不合理）；C.extreme（极端的，强调过度）；D.false（虚假的，强调不真实）。 11. 应填：B. cause。分析：句子意为“可能‘导致’社会混乱或公众……的因素”，cause chaos表示“导致混乱”，强调直接引起。语法上cause为及物动词，后接chaos。排除：A.trigger（触发，多指突发事件）；C.induce（引发，多指间接）；D.spark（激起，多指瞬间引发）。 12. 应填：C. harm。分析：句子意为“导致社会混乱或公众‘伤害’”，public harm表示“公众伤害”，强调损害。语法上harm为名词，作cause的宾语。排除：A.crisis（危机，强调转折点）；B.loss（损失，强调失去）；D.turmoil（动荡，强调混乱状态）。 13. 应填：A. concise。分析：句子意为“以‘简洁的’判断和清晰的思维”，concise judgment表示“简洁判断”，强调简明扼要。语法上concise为形容词修饰judgment。排除：B.accurate（准确的，强调精确）；C.rational（理性的，强调合理）；D.comprehensive（全面的，强调综合）。 14. 应填：B. minor。分析：句子意为“不同于那些沉迷于琐碎和‘微小的’个人利益的人”，minor gains表示“微小利益”，强调不重要。语法上minor为形容词修饰gains。排除：A.petty（琐碎的，强调小气）；C.narrow（狭窄的，强调局限）；D.superficial（表面的，强调浅层）。 15. 应填：A. perform。分析：句子意为“完美地‘履行’公共职责”，perform duties表示“履行职责”，强调执行。语法上perform为及物动词，后接duties。排除：B.undertake（承担，强调接受任务）；C.fulfill（履行，强调完成）；D.complete（完成，强调结束）。 16. 应填：B. public。分析：句子意为“在‘公共’活动或社会运动中”，public activities表示“公共活动”，强调面向社会。语法上public为形容词修饰activities。排除：A.routine（常规的，强调日常）；C.official（官方的，强调正式）；D.collective（集体的，强调共同）。 17. 应填：B. transform。分析：句子意为“极大地‘转变’了过时的社会结构”，transform structures表示“转变结构”，强调根本改变。语法上transform为及物动词，后接structures。排除：A.reshape（重塑，强调重新塑造）；C.overhaul（检修，强调彻底检查）；D.renovate（翻新，强调更新）。 18. 应填：C. fleeting。分析：句子意为“尽管他们的寿命可能是‘短暂的’”，fleeting life spans表示“短暂寿命”，强调转瞬即逝。语法上fleeting为形容词修饰spans。排除：A.temporary（暂时的，强调临时）；B.limited（有限的，强调限制）；D.transient（短暂的，与fleeting近义但更强调过客性）。 19. 应填：A. sympathy。分析：句子意为“教导我们对弱者怀有‘同情’”，hold sympathy for表示“对……怀有同情”，强调理解他人困境。语法上sympathy为名词，作hold的宾语。排除：B.leniency（宽大，强调宽容）；C.tolerance（容忍，强调忍受）；D.compassion（怜悯，虽可搭配但更强调慈爱）。 20. 应填：B. egalitarian。分析：句子意为“创造一个更加‘平等主义的’世界”，egalitarian world表示“平等主义世界”，强调人人平等。语法上egalitarian为形容词修饰world。排除：A.inclusive（包容的，强调涵盖）；C.equitable（公平的，强调公正）；D.civilized（文明的，强调进步）。 Section D 语法填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） Inner growth is the greatest ____________ (reward) that can ____________ (transform) our life. Ancient ____________ (legend) warn teenagers against ____________ (temptation). Those who ____________ (faithfully) stick to principles deserve our ____________ (sympathy) and respect. I ____________ (fetch) strength from stories ____________ (satisfy) my pursuit of goodness. In a ____________ (democratic) society, both ____________ (astronaut) and ordinary citizens enjoy ____________ (convenient) public services. We ____________ (protect) the weak and never ____________ (accuse) others without evidence. At the charity ____________ (concert), we spotted some ____________ (minor) and ____________ (abnormal) acts that may ____________ (cause) trouble. Volunteers ____________ (perform) duties well in a ____________ (brief) speech and avoid actions that ____________ (damage) public order. 解析： 1. 应填：reward。分析：句子意为“内在成长是最大的‘回报’”。形容词greatest后接名词，reward为可数名词单数，表示“回报、奖赏”。排除：rewards（复数形式，与定冠词the和单数谓语is不搭配）。 2. 应填：transform。分析：句子意为“能够‘转变’我们的生活”。情态动词can后接动词原形，transform为及物动词，表示“彻底改变”。排除：transforms（第三人称单数，不符合can后接原形规则）；transformed（过去式，不符合）。 3. 应填：legends。分析：句子意为“古老的‘传说’警告青少年”。形容词Ancient后接名词，legends为可数名词复数，表示“传说、传奇故事”。排除：legend（单数形式，与后文“warn teenagers”不匹配）。 4. 应填：temptation。分析：句子意为“警告青少年防范‘诱惑’”。介词against后接名词，temptation为不可数名词，表示“诱惑、引诱”。排除：temptations（复数形式，此处泛指，用单数更自然）。 5. 应填：faithfully。分析：句子意为“那些‘忠实地’坚持原则的人”。副词faithfully修饰动词stick，表示“忠实地、忠诚地”。排除：faithful（形容词，不修饰动词）。 6. 应填：sympathy。分析：句子意为“值得我们的‘同情’和尊重”。形容词性物主代词our后接名词，sympathy为不可数名词，表示“同情”。排除：sympathies（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 7. 应填：fetch。分析：句子意为“我从故事中‘汲取’力量”。主语I为第一人称单数，一般现在时用fetch，表示“获取、汲取”。排除：fetches（第三人称单数，与I不匹配）；fetched（过去式，时态与前后文不一致）。 8. 应填：satisfy。分析：句子意为“满足我对善的追求”。此处为不定式作目的状语，to后接动词原形satisfy，表示“满足”。排除：satisfies（第三人称单数，不符合不定式结构）；satisfying（现在分词，不构成不定式）。 9. 应填：democratic。分析：句子意为“在一个‘民主的’社会中”。形容词democratic修饰society，表示“民主的”。排除：democracy（名词，不修饰名词）。 10. 应填：astronauts。分析：句子意为“无论是‘宇航员’还是普通公民”。astronauts为可数名词复数，表示“宇航员”，与后文“ordinary citizens”并列。排除：astronaut（单数形式，与citizens不并列）。 11. 应填：convenient。分析：句子意为“享受‘便利的’公共服务”。形容词convenient修饰public services，表示“便利的”。排除：convenience（名词，不修饰名词）。 12. 应填：protect。分析：句子意为“我们‘保护’弱者”。主语we为复数，一般现在时用protect，表示“保护”。排除：protects（第三人称单数，与we不匹配）。 13. 应填：accuse。分析：句子意为“从不无证据地‘指控’他人”。never后接动词原形，accuse为及物动词，表示“指控”，搭配accuse sb. of sth.。排除：accuses（第三人称单数，与we不匹配）。 14. 应填：concert。分析：句子意为“在慈善‘音乐会’上”。at the charity后接名词concert，表示“音乐会”。排除：concerts（复数形式，与定冠词the和单数语境不符）。 15. 应填：minor。分析：句子意为“发现了一些‘次要的/轻微的’和异常的行为”。形容词minor修饰acts，表示“次要的、轻微的”。排除：minors（名词，不修饰名词）。 16. 应填：abnormal。分析：句子意为“发现了一些轻微和‘异常的’行为”。形容词abnormal修饰acts，表示“异常的、不正常的”。排除：abnormally（副词，不修饰名词）。 17. 应填：cause。分析：句子意为“可能‘引起’麻烦”。情态动词may后接动词原形，cause为及物动词，表示“引起、导致”。排除：causes（第三人称单数，不符合may后接原形规则）；caused（过去式，不符合）。 18. 应填：perform。分析：句子意为“志愿者‘履行’职责”。主语Volunteers为复数，一般现在时用perform，表示“执行、履行”。排除：performs（第三人称单数，与Volunteers不匹配）。 19. 应填：brief。分析：句子意为“在一次‘简短的’演讲中”。形容词brief修饰speech，表示“简短的”。排除：briefly（副词，不修饰名词）。 20. 应填：damage。分析：句子意为“避免那些‘破坏’公共秩序的行为”。that引导定语从句，先行词actions为复数，谓语动词用原形damage，表示“破坏”。排除：damages（第三人称单数，与先行词复数不匹配）。 Section E 中英互译 1. Brief reports transform old management models and protect minor groups from abnormal accusations during the public concert. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Astronauts faithfully carry out tasks and fetch data to satisfy public curiosity about how external factors cause equipment damage. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 传奇人物能够抵制诱惑，心怀共情，用持续的行动收获应有的回报。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 民主氛围便于倾听多元声音，有助于防止片面决策给长远发展带来损害。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 演出过程中一旦出现突发状况，我们要冷静排查诱因，快速采取应对措施。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 1.简短报告革新老旧管理模式，在公开音乐会期间保护弱势群体免遭无端指责。 2.宇航员忠实执行任务，取回各类数据，满足大众对于外界因素如何造成设备损毁的好奇。 3.Legends can resist temptation, show sympathy for others and gain deserved rewards through continuous efforts. 4.A democratic atmosphere makes it convenient to listen to diverse voices and helps prevent one-sided decisions from damaging long-term development. 5.Once unexpected situations appear while performing, we should check the causes calmly and take countermeasures rapidly. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Leaf 31 Section A 单词背诵 Section B 词义巩固 Section C 完形填空 Section D 语法填空 Section E 中英互译 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 reward[ri'wɔ:d] v. 奖赏；报答；n. 报酬；赏金；奖励 £ £ £ £ £ £ transform[træns'fɔ:m] v. 转换；改变；改造 £ £ £ £ £ £ legend['ledʒənd] n. 传奇；传说；传奇人物 £ £ £ £ £ £ temptation[temp'teiʃn] n. 诱惑；引诱；诱惑物 £ £ £ £ £ £ faithfully['feiθfəli] adv. 忠实地；诚心诚意地 £ £ £ £ £ £ sympathy['simpəθi] n. 同情；赞同；慰问 £ £ £ £ £ £ fetch[fetʃ] v. 取来；拿来；售得 £ £ £ £ £ £ satisfy['sætisfai] v. 使满意；满足（要求） £ £ £ £ £ £ democratic[ˌdemə'krætik] adj. 民主的；民主党的；大众的 £ £ £ £ £ £ astronaut['æstrənɔ:t] n. 宇航员；航天员 £ £ £ £ £ £ convenient[kən'vi:njənt] adj. 方便的；便利的 £ £ £ £ £ £ protect[prə'tekt] v. 保护；防卫 £ £ £ £ £ £ accuse[ə'kju:z] v. 控告 (of)，指责；指控 £ £ £ £ £ £ concert['kɔnsət] n. 音乐会；一致；和谐 £ £ £ £ £ £ minor['mainə] adj. 较小的，次要的；未成年的；n. 未成年人；辅修科目 £ £ £ £ £ £ abnormal[æb'nɔ:məl] adj. 不正常的；反常的；变态的 £ £ £ £ £ £ cause[kɔ:z] v. 引起，导致；n. 原因；事业；目标 £ £ £ £ £ £ brief[bri:f] adj. 短暂的，简短的；简洁的；n. 摘要；v. 简要介绍 £ £ £ £ £ £ perform[pə'fɔ:m] v. 执行；表演；运转 £ £ £ £ £ £ damage['dæmidʒ] v. 损害；毁坏；n. 损害；赔偿金 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） reward 【A】v. 奖赏；报答 【B】n. 报酬；赏金；奖励 [rɪˈwɔːd] ①（ ）The company gave him a big reward for his hard work. ②（ ）Parents reward children for good behaviour. fetch 【A】v. 取来；拿来 【B】v. 售得 [fetʃ] ①（ ）Fetch me a glass of water, please. ②（ ）The old painting fetched a high price at the auction. cause 【A】v. 引起，导致 【B】n. 原因 【C】n. 事业；目标 [kɔːz] ①（ ）Many people devote themselves to a worthy cause. ②（ ）Carelessness causes many traffic accidents. ③（ ）No one knows the real cause of the fire. brief 【A】adj. 短暂的，简短的；简洁的 【B】n. 摘要 【C】v. 简要介绍 [briːf] ①（ ）The manager briefed the team on today's task. ②（ ）He gave a brief speech at the meeting. ③（ ）Read the brief before studying the full report. damage 【A】v. 损害；毁坏 【B】n. 损害；赔偿金 [ˈdæmɪdʒ] ①（ ）Strong winds damaged many trees in the park. ②（ ）He paid a large sum of money as damage. transform 【A】v. 转换；改变；改造 [trænsˈfɔːm] ①（ ）Hard work transformed his whole life. legend 【A】n. 传奇；传说；传奇人物 [ˈledʒənd] ①（ ）The old story is a famous local legend. temptation 【A】n. 诱惑；引诱；诱惑物 [tempˈteɪʃn] ①（ ）He could not resist the temptation of delicious food. faithfully 【A】adv. 忠实地；诚心诚意地 [ˈfeɪθfəli] ①（ ）The dog faithfully waited for its owner every day. sympathy 【A】n. 同情；赞同；慰问 [ˈsɪmpəθi] ①（ ）We have deep sympathy for people in trouble. satisfy 【A】v. 使满意；满足（要求） [ˈsætɪsfaɪ] ①（ ）The result did not satisfy everyone. democratic 【A】adj. 民主的；民主党的；大众的 [ˌdeməˈkrætɪk] ①（ ）We encourage democratic discussion in class. astronaut 【A】n. 宇航员；航天员 [ˈæstrənɔːt] ①（ ）The astronaut returned safely to the earth. convenient 【A】adj. 方便的；便利的 [kənˈviːnjənt] ①（ ）Online shopping is very convenient for busy people. protect 【A】v. 保护；防卫 [prəˈtekt] ①（ ）We must protect wild animals. accuse 【A】v. 控告(of)，指责；指控 [əˈkjuːz] ①（ ）They accused him of breaking the rule. concert 【A】n. 音乐会；一致；和谐 [ˈkɒnsət] ①（ ）We are going to attend a concert this weekend. minor 【A】adj. 较小的，次要的；未成年的；n. 未成年人；辅修科目 [ˈmaɪnə] ①（ ）This is just a minor problem. abnormal 【A】adj. 不正常的；反常的；变态的 [æbˈnɔːməl] ①（ ）The doctor found some abnormal signs. perform 【A】v. 执行；表演；运转 [pəˈfɔːm] ①（ ）The machine performs well in cold weather. Section C 完形填空 （阅读下面短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。考察词义辨析、固定搭配、一词多义、语篇逻辑推理。） Throughout world history, numerous remarkable figures have left eternal marks and become eternal ___1___ of human civilization. They devoted their lives to noble causes, chose to stick to their ideals firmly and ___2___, and refused to yield to worldly ___3___. Their extraordinary deeds have deeply ___4___ ordinary people’s spiritual needs and won wide public respect. Many historical pioneers committed themselves to promoting ___5___ systems and social equality. They dared to reform outdated systems, ___6___ unreasonable social rules, and ___7___ the vulnerable groups from unfair treatment. Instead of seeking personal gains or material ___8___, they endured countless hardships to pursue public welfare. Even facing public doubt and deliberate ___9___, they never abandoned their original aspirations. These great figures never follow ___10___ or twisted values. They are good at spotting potential factors that may ___11___ social chaos or public ___12___ in advance. With ___13___ judgment and clear thinking, they take decisive actions to avoid social unrest. Unlike those obsessed with trivial and ___14___ personal gains, they focus on long-term social progress. Many of them also ___15___ public duties perfectly. In ___16___ public activities or social campaigns, they always put public interests first. Their efforts greatly ___17___ outdated social structures and brought positive changes to humanity. Though their life spans might be ___18___, their spirits are immortal. They teach us to hold ___19___ for the weak, stick to kindness, and create a more ___20___ and just world for future generations. 1. A. legends B. conventions C. pioneers D. exploits 2. A. rigidly B. faithfully C. boldly D. steadily 3. A. bias B. welfare C. temptation D. discrimination 4. A. satisfy B. stimulate C. enrich D. refine 5. A. democratic B. refined C. structured D. progressive 6. A. overturn B. condemn C. undermine D. neglect 7. A. protect B. shield C. safeguard D. secure 8. A. profit B. reward C. subsidy D. gain 9. A. accusation B. disapproval C. resistance D. conflict 10. A. abnormal B. absurd C. extreme D. false 11. A. trigger B. cause C. induce D. spark 12. A. crisis B. loss C. harm D. turmoil 13. A. concise B. accurate C. rational D. comprehensive 14. A. petty B. minor C. narrow D. superficial 15. A. perform B. undertake C. fulfill D. complete 16. A. routine B. public C. official D. collective 17. A. reshape B. transform C. overhaul D. renovate 18. A. temporary B. limited C. fleeting D. transient 19. A. sympathy B. leniency C. tolerance D. compassion 20. A. inclusive B. egalitarian C. equitable D. civilized Section D 语法填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） Inner growth is the greatest ____________ (reward) that can ____________ (transform) our life. Ancient ____________ (legend) warn teenagers against ____________ (temptation). Those who ____________ (faithfully) stick to principles deserve our ____________ (sympathy) and respect. I ____________ (fetch) strength from stories ____________ (satisfy) my pursuit of goodness. In a ____________ (democratic) society, both ____________ (astronaut) and ordinary citizens enjoy ____________ (convenient) public services. We ____________ (protect) the weak and never ____________ (accuse) others without evidence. At the charity ____________ (concert), we spotted some ____________ (minor) and ____________ (abnormal) acts that may ____________ (cause) trouble. Volunteers ____________ (perform) duties well in a ____________ (brief) speech and avoid actions that ____________ (damage) public order. Section E 中英互译 1. Brief reports transform old management models and protect minor groups from abnormal accusations during the public concert. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Astronauts faithfully carry out tasks and fetch data to satisfy public curiosity about how external factors cause equipment damage. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 传奇人物能够抵制诱惑，心怀共情，用持续的行动收获应有的回报。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 民主氛围便于倾听多元声音，有助于防止片面决策给长远发展带来损害。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 演出过程中一旦出现突发状况，我们要冷静排查诱因，快速采取应对措施。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $