2025-2026学年高一英语下学期人教版选择性必修第一册 Unit1. People of Achievement 高一升高二暑假作业17

**基本信息** 以词汇-词块-语法-语篇为逻辑主线，语法专项提炼非谓语作主语系统方法，兼顾语言能力与思维品质培养。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇（英/汉译）|64题|无|核心词汇双向互译，夯实语言基础| |词块认读|11题|无|固定搭配情境化理解，衔接词汇与语篇| |语法专项|13题（含3真题）|非谓语作主语用法（形式主语it、被动形式to be done/being done）|从功能表格到真题应用，构建语法规则体系| |七选五/完形|20题|无|语篇逻辑推理与语境词义辨析，提升思维品质|

作业17. （预习）选择性必修一 Unit 1 (1) I. 英译汉Unit 1 (1). 1. 2. physiology n. _________ 3. crucial adj. _____________ 4. malaria n. _____________ 5. vital adj. __________ 6. committed adj. __________ 7. commit v vi. _____________ 8. commit oneself to doing ____________ 9. academy n. ____________ 10. academic adj. _____________ 11. objective n. adj. _________ 12. botanical adj.____________ 13. evaluate vt. ______________ 14. property n. _________ 15. distinct adj. ___________ 16. extract n. vt. ____________ 17. wormwood n. ____________ 18. boil vt. & vi. n ____________ 19. liquid n. adj. _______________ 20. obtain vt. vi. ___________ 21. acknowledge vt. _____________ 22. defeat n. & vt. ______________ 23. analyse vt. _____________ 24. apparently adv _____________ 25. substance n. _____________ 26. insist vi. ＆vt. __________ 27. insist on _____________ 28. scientific adj. _________________ 29. mostly adv ___________ 30. wear and tear _____________ 31. conclusion n. ______________ 32. penicillin n. _________ 33. flee vt. (fled, fled) ______________ 34. circumstance n. [usually pl] _____________ 35. novelist n. __________ 36. novel n. ________________ II. 汉译英Unit 1 (1). 1. 2. ______________ adj. 至关重要的 3. ________________adj. 必不可少的 4. __________________adj. 尽心尽力的 5. ____________ v .vi. 全心全意投入（工作、活动等） 6. ___________________承诺； 7. ______________n. 学会；研究院 8. ________________adj. 学业的；学术的 9. ________________n /adj. 目标； 客观的 10. ________________vt. 评价；评估 11. ________________n. 性质； 12. ________________adj. 不同的, 清楚的 13. ____________vt. ＆vi. /n. （使）沸腾 14. ____________n /adj. 液体 15. _______vt. /vi. 获得；赢得 16. _________vt. 承认；（公开）感谢 17. ____________n/ vt. 失败； 击败 18. ______________vt. 分析 19. _________adv. 显而易见 20. __________________n. 物质； 21. ____________vi. ＆vt. 坚持； 22. __________________坚决要求 23. _________adj. 科学（上）的 24. ____________adv. 主要地 25. _______________磨损 26. _____________n. 结论 27. ________vt.(fled，fled) 迅速离开； 逃跑 28. _____________ n. [usually pl]。条件；环境；状况 29. ________________ n. 小说家 30. ________________ n. （长篇）小说 Ⅲ. 词块认读。 1. commit oneself to finding a crucial new treatment for malaria 致力于找到一种治疗疟疾的重要的新方法 2. a vital substance 至关重要的物质 3. academic objectives 学习目标 4. evaluate the medical properties of the herbs 评估这些草药的药性 5. several distinct methods 几种不同的方法 6. boiling liquid 沸腾的液体 7. obtain knowledge and experience 获得知识和经验 8. acknowledge defeat 承认失败 9. insisting on analyzing the data 坚决要求分析数据 10. apparent wear and tear 明显的磨损 11. draw a scientific conclusion 得出一个科学的结论 IV. 语法专项--非谓语练习（1） 形式 功能 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 补语（vt./介+O+_____） to do P doing P done 语法感悟 To become a doctor/To be admitted into a key medicine college is my dream, but playing Lego is my hobby. It is important to pursue my dream. But when my father says it is no use playing Lego, I disagree with him. Being laughed at about my hobby makes me unhappy. 成为一名医生/被重点医学院校录取是我的梦想，但玩乐高则是我的爱好。追求自己的梦想是很重要的。然而，每当父亲说玩乐高毫无用处时，我都会与他意见相左。因我的爱好而遭人嘲笑让我感到不快。 文中为非谓语作______语，经常位于句首。但有时可以用_____ 做形式主语，将不定式或动词-ing 形式置于句_______。其中，to do 被动形式为________________；doing的被动形式为_________________。 to do/to be done 或doing/being done 作主语时，只表示主动被动，而不表示时间概念。 即学即练 1.______ (protect) wild animals is everyone’s duty. 2.It is meaningful ______ (do) something for the elderly in the community. 3.______ (keep) a balanced diet can prevent many common diseases. 4.It is no use ______ (regret) what you have done in the past. 5.______ (teach) a second language broadens his horizon. 6. It made him proud _____________(admit) into a key university. 7.______ (use) new technology makes our daily life much easier. 8. (2026年浙江首考)Often students come to the classroom believing that ___________(learn) can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world. 9.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 10. （2020北京卷）It takes them hundreds of years __________ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. V. 七选五 List-making, or writing things down on a list, is widely popular. From to-do lists to bucket lists (愿望清单), list-making is everywhere. Every time we finish a task and check it off, we enjoy a little sense of satisfaction. ____1____ It offers some deeper benefits as well. Lists reduce anxiety. There’s a well-known technique called “Worry Time”. Whenever you notice a worry, write it down. Tell yourself you can’t worry about it until Worry Time, and go on to something else. Once a day, set aside 10 or 15 minutes to review your list. ____2____ Lists help us remember and let us forget. Keep a daily or weekly list, a monthly list, or a longer-term yearly list. Short-term lists help keep track of appointments, people to contact, study time, or other small things. ____3____ They can include finding a yoga class, reading a good book, planning a holiday, or something similar. But remember when it’s not time to write or review your list, let it go, believing it’ll be right there when you need it. Lists turn goals into reality. Any goal, short or long-term, is more likely to be achieved once written down. ___4____ Whether on paper or screen, it takes a physical form in the world, and you’re more likely to achieve it. ____5____ Keep a list by your bed. When you wake up worrying, write down your issue, then roll over and go back to sleep, knowing you can handle it the next day. List-making really does work. Whether digitally or by hand, it helps us focus, think, and reflect on what truly matters. So grab a pen and get started. A. Lists even help with sleep issues. B. Lists help you organize your thoughts. C. Longer-term lists focus on bigger goals. D. It is no longer just an idea in your mind. E. List-making has more advantages than this. F. List-making helps you remember daily plans. G. You’ll find this habit simply makes anxieties lighter. VI. 完形填空。 Five months after my husband Steve died, I woke up one morning to the maddening sound of a leaking (漏水的) tap. I knew it needed ___21__ badly, but it hurt me so much just to think of it. All our shared life, I was the “artist”, bringing to our house much ____22____. Steve was the “practical” one. He had a real gift for ____23____ chores, sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs. But how could such a good man ____24____ so suddenly! I had been so sad and angry that I ____25____ ignored the house. That leaky tap somehow ____26____ me to the fact that I now had to face the challenge of getting things fixed. I got a workman named Ahmed. Entering the house, he stopped before a(n) ____27____ of Steve and me. “Doesn’t your husband like this kind of work?” he asked. “He died months ago. When ____28____, he did all repairs wonderfully,” I said quietly. Ahmed looked at me sympathetically (同情地), but didn’t ____29____. He fixed the tap, ____30____ the dishwasher door, and replaced a shower head. Obviously, he was ____31____ as Steve had been. He did an excellent job. I asked him to name his fee. “No ____32____, Ma’am,” he said. “My father died early, and the ____33____ helped my family through.” By fixing a tap, Ahmed ____34____ my soul. Although I would surely ____35____ the pain of loss with me along, Ahmed reminded me of the abundant kindness in the world. 21. A. repairs B. decorations C. measures D. chains 22. A. intention B. imagination C. tension D. mission 23. A. making B. figuring C. addressing D. observing 24. A. cut up B. trip over C. put off D. pass away 25. A. regularly B. completely C. hardly D. occasionally 26. A. awakened B. persuaded C. limited D. warned 27. A. journal B. collection C. envelope D. picture 28. A. determined B. energetic C. alive D. flexible 29. A. doubt B. reply C. complain D. apology 30. A. folded B. tailored C. adjusted D. selected 31. A. generous B. special C. grateful D. gifted 32. A. charge B. excuse C. problem D. wonder 33. A. artists B. servants C. physicians D. neighbors 34. A. gathered B. settled C. mended D. recycled 35. A. attach B. carry C. remove D. permit 作业17. (预习)选择性必修一 Unit 1 (1) 答案 I. 英译汉。 1. 生理学2. 关键的3. 疟疾4. 至关重要的5. 坚定的6. 承诺 7. 全身心投入8. 学院 9. 学术的 10. 客观的11. 植物学的 12. 评估 13. 财产 14. 不同的, 清楚的 15. 提取 16. 艾草 17. 煮沸 18. 液体 19. 获取 20. 承认 21. 击败 22. 分析 23. 显然地 24. 物质 25. 坚持 26. 坚持要求 27. 科学的 28. 主要地 29. 磨损 30. 结论 31. 青霉素 32. 逃离 33. 情况 34. 小说家 35. 小说 II. 汉译英。 1. crucial 2. vital 3. committed 4. commit 5. commit oneself to doing 6. academy 7. academic 8. objective 9. evaluate 10. property 11. distinct 12. boil 13. liquid 14. obtain 15. acknowledge 16. defeat 17. analyse 18. apparently 19. substance 20. insist 21. insist on 22. scientific 23. mostly 24. wear and tear 25. conclusion 26. flee (fled, fled) 27. circumstance 28. novelist 29. novel IV. 语法部分。 主; it; 中；to be done; being done 1. Protecting 2. to do 3. Keeping 4. regretting 5. Being taught/Teaching 6. to be admitted 7. Using 8. learning 9. to walk 10. to be broken V. 【答案】1. E 2. G 3. C 4. D 5. A 【导语】文章主要介绍了列清单的种种益处。 1. 根据前文“List-making, or writing things down on a list, is widely popular. From to-do lists to bucket lists (愿望清单), list-making is everywhere. Every time we finish a task and check it off, we enjoy a little sense of satisfaction.(列清单，也就是把事情写在列表上，是一种非常普遍的行为。从待办事项清单到人生愿望清单，无处不在。每当我们完成一项任务并将其勾选时，都会感到一丝满足感。)”和后文“It offers some deeper benefits as well.(它还带来了一些更深层次的好处。)”可知，此处是指列清单的好处不止前文提到的满足感，所以选项E“List-making has more advantages than this.(列清单的优势不止这一点。)”切合语境。 2. 根据前文“Lists reduce anxiety. … Once a day, set aside 10 or 15 minutes to review your list.(清单能减轻焦虑。有一种被称为“担忧时间”的方法，当你意识到有烦恼时，就把它写下来。告诉自己，在“担忧时间”到来之前，不能为此烦恼，然后继续做别的事情。每天花10到15分钟回顾你的清单。)”可知，此处是指养成列烦恼清单的习惯能够缓解焦虑，所以选项G“You’ll find this habit simply makes anxieties lighter.(你会发现，这种习惯能让你的焦虑感变得轻松一些。)”切合语境。 3. 根据前文“Short-term lists help keep track of appointments, people to contact, study time, or other small things.(短期清单有助于记录约会、需要联系的人、学习时间或其他琐碎事项。)”和后文“They can include finding a yoga class, reading a good book, planning a holiday, or something similar.(它们可能包括参加瑜伽课、读一本好书、计划一次假期，或类似的事情。)”可知，此处是指长期清单用于记录比较大的目标，所以选项C“Longer-term lists focus on bigger goals.(长期清单侧重于更大的目标。)”切合语境。 4. 根据前文“Lists turn goals into reality. Any goal, short or long-term, is more likely to be achieved once written down.(清单能将目标变为现实。无论目标是短期还是长期，一旦写下来，实现的可能性就会大大增加。)”和后文“Whether on paper or screen, it takes a physical form in the world, and you’re more likely to achieve it.(无论是在纸上还是屏幕上，它都会在现实中获得实体形态，而你实现它的可能性也更大。)”可知，此处是指目标一旦写下来，就不再只存在于脑海中，就更有可能实现，所以选项D“It is no longer just an idea in your mind.(这已不再只是你脑海中的一个想法。)”切合语境。 5. 根据后文“Keep a list by your bed. … knowing you can handle it the next day.(在床边备一份清单。当你醒来时感到焦虑，就把问题写下来，然后翻个身继续入睡，心里清楚第二天一定能应对好。)”可知，此处是讲在床边备一份清单可以缓解睡眠问题，所以选项A“Lists even help with sleep issues.(清单甚至有助于改善睡眠问题。)”切合语境。 VI. 完形填空。 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【导语】本文描述了丈夫史蒂夫去世五个月后，作者面对家中漏水的水龙头痛苦不已，因为以前所有修理活都由擅长家务的丈夫包揽。作者请来工人艾哈迈德，他在修好水龙头的同时分文未取，因为他早年丧父时也曾得到邻居的帮助。这次经历不仅修好了水龙头，也治愈了作者的心灵，让她感受到世间依然充满善意。 1. 句意：我知道它急需修理，但光是想想就让我心痛不已。A. repairs修理；B. decorations装饰；C. measures措施；D. chains链条。根据上文“a leaking (漏水的) tap”可知，漏水的水龙头需要修理。 2. 句意：在我们共同生活的日子里，我是“艺术家”，给家里带来了很多想象力。A. intention意图；B. imagination想象力；C. tension紧张；D. mission使命。根据上文“I was the ‘artist’”可知，“艺术家”是富有想象力的。 3. 句意：他真正擅长处理家务琐事，让我免受讨厌的修理工作的困扰。A. making制作；B. figuring计算；C. addressing处理；D. observing观察。根据下文“sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs”可知，丈夫擅长处理家务，我才可以免受琐事困扰。 4. 句意：但这样一个好人怎么会如此突然地去世了呢！A. cut up切碎；B. trip over绊倒；C. put off推迟；D. pass away去世。根据上文“Five months after my husband Steve died”可知，丈夫已经去世。 5. 句意：我如此悲伤和愤怒，以至于完全忽视了房子。A. regularly定期地；B. completely完全地；C. hardly几乎不；D. occasionally偶尔。根据上文“so sad and angry”可知，作者沉浸在悲痛中，完全忽略了房屋的维护。 6. 句意：那个漏水的水龙头以某种方式唤醒了我一个事实：我现在必须面对找人修理东西的挑战。A. awakened唤醒；B. persuaded说服；C. limited限制；D. warned警告。根据下文“I now had to face the challenge of getting things fixed”可知，漏水的事实唤醒了作者，让她意识到自己必须承担起责任。 7. 句意：走进屋子，他在一张我和史蒂夫的合影前停了下来。A. journal日记；B. collection收藏品；C. envelope信封；D. picture照片。根据下文“Doesn’t your husband like this kind of work?”可知，艾哈迈德看到了作者和丈夫的照片。 8. 句意：当他活着的时候，所有的修理他都做得很好。A. determined坚定的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. alive活着的；D. flexible灵活的。根据上文“He died months ago”可知，作者说的是丈夫在世时的情况。 9. 句意：艾哈迈德同情地看着我，却没有回答。A. doubt怀疑；B. reply回答、答复；C. complain抱怨；D. apology道歉。根据下文“He fixed the tap, ____ the dishwasher door, and replaced a shower head.”可知，他直接动手修理，没有过多言语回应作者的悲伤遭遇。 10. 句意：他修好了水龙头，调整了洗碗机的门，还换了一个淋浴喷头。A. folded折叠；B. tailored定制；C. adjusted调整；D. selected选择。根据上文“fixed the tap”和下文“replaced a shower head”可知，艾哈迈德也调整好了洗碗机的门。洗碗机门松动移位属于常见故障，修理工需要对其位置松紧进行调整。 11. 句意：显而易见，他和史蒂夫一样，在维修方面很有天赋、手艺好。A. generous慷慨的；B. special特别的；C. grateful感激的；D. gifted有天赋的，能干的。前文提到史蒂夫“he did all repairs wonderfully”，此处对应说艾哈迈德和史蒂夫一样有天赋、手艺好。 12. 句意：“不收钱，夫人。” 他说道。A. charge收费；B. excuse借口；C. problem问题；D. wonder奇迹。根据下文“My father died early, and the ____ helped my family through”可知，因为接受过别人的热心帮助，艾哈迈德不收费，作为对作者的帮助和理解。 13. 句意：我父亲去世得早，邻居们帮助我们一家渡过了难关。A. artists艺术家；B. servants仆人；C. physicians医生；D. neighbors邻居。根据下文“helped my family through”以及艾哈迈德免费服务的行为可知，他早年丧父时得到了邻居的帮助，因此他现在也想回报善意。 14. 句意：通过修理一个水龙头，艾哈迈德修复了我悲伤的灵魂。A. gathered聚集；B. settled安顿；C. mended修补，修复；D. recycled回收。根据下文“reminded me of the abundant kindness in the world”可知，艾哈迈德的善举修复了作者悲伤的灵魂。 15. 句意：虽然我肯定会一直带着失去的痛苦前行，但艾哈迈德让我想起了这个世界上无处不在的善意。A. attach附上；B. carry携带；C. remove移除；D. permit允许。根据下文“the pain of loss with me along”可知，作者会带着失去亲人的痛苦继续生活。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $