精品解析：湖南桃江县第一中学2025-2026学年第二学期高二学科知识测试英语试题卷

2025学年第二学期高二学科知识测试 英语试题卷 本试题卷共12页，时间为120分钟，满分为150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．What is the woman busy doing? A．Looking after a pet. B．Hunting for a flat. C．Discussing with her landlady. 2．What does the man want to improve in his English? A．Communication skills. B．Business English. C．His accent. 3．What did the woman leave behind? A．Her wallet. B．Her passport. C．Her charger. 4．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a laundry room. B．In a snack bar. C．In a dental clinic. 5．What does the man suggest Susan do? A．Find academic partners. B．Present research results. C．Seek university funding. 第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．Why does the man want the remote control? A．To watch a live game. B．To turn down the TV. C．To skip the advertisements. 7．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Coach and player. C．Host and audience. 听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。 8．What are the speakers planning? A．A birthday party. B．A graduation ceremony. C．A housewarming gathering. 9．How does the man find the community center? A．Budget-friendly. B．Well-decorated. C．Out-dated. 10．How will they send out invitations? A．Make phone calls. B．Send emails. C．Give paper invitations. 听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。 11．What is the exhibition mainly about? A．Modern artworks. B．Ancient objects. C．Contemporary items. 12．How did the museum help visitors understand the paintings? A．By a special translator. B．Through a local guide. C．With a tailored brochure. 13．What might the woman decide to do next? A．Visit the museum. B．Research the objects online. C．Ask for more recommendations. 听第9段材料，回答第14至第17题。 14．Why does the man dislike take-offs? A．It is dangerous. B．It makes him sick. C．It takes a long time. 15．Where are the speakers going? A．Spain. B．America. C．Greece. 16．What attracts the man most? A．The villages. B．The museums. C．The beaches. 17．How does the man feel in the end? A．Nervous. B．Relieved. C．Impatient. 听第10段材料，回答第18至第20题。 18．What is Replika? A．A digital companion. B．A chat-based website. C．A social networking app. 19．How should AI success be measured according to the speaker? A．By its emotional diversity. B．By its impact on users’ emotions. C．By screen time and user engagement. 20．Why does the speaker give the talk? A．To introduce the latest technology behind AI. B．To explore the role of AI in social connections. C．To discuss the benefits and risks of AI friends. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A VitaCare Immune Support Gummies Product Information Sheet Boost your daily wellness with VitaCare Immune Support Gummies. Formulated with essential vitamins and minerals, these tasty gummies help fill nutritional gaps in your diet, supporting your immune system and overall energy levels. Enjoy the natural orange flavor as part of a balanced lifestyle. Active Ingredients Key Benefits (Per 2 Gummies Serving) Ingredient Amount Daily Value＊ Key Function Vitamin C 90 mg 100% Supports immune defense and protects cells. Vitamin D3 20 mcg (800 IU) 100% Aids calcium absorption for bone health. Zinc 5mg 45% Contributes to normal immune function. Elderberry Extract 50 mg + A traditional herbal supplement. ＊Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000-calorie diet. +Daily Value not established. Directions for Use Adults and children (12 years and above): Take 2 gummies daily. Chew thoroughly. Best taken with a meal. Do not exceed the recommended daily intake. Important Notes Storage: Keep the bottle tightly closed in a cool, dry place. Avoid direct sunlight Warning: Keep out of reach of children. This product is not intended for children under 12. Consult your doctor before use if you are pregnant, nursing, taking other medications, or have a known medical condition. Note: These gummies are a dietary supplement and should not replace a varied diet and healthy lifestyle. Net Contents: 60 gummies Expiry Date Batch No.: See bottom of bottle. Do not use if the safety seal is broken or after the expiry date. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. 1. What is the main purpose of this product? A. To replace daily meals for weight loss. B. To provide medicinal treatment for the flu. C. To supplement the diet with specific nutrients. D. To improve the taste of food. 2. According to the table, which ingredient provides 100% of the Daily Value for bone health support? A. Vitamin C. B. Zinc. C. Elderberry Extract. D. Vitamin D3. 3. How long will one bottle last if taken as directed? A. 15 days. B. 30 days. C. 60 days. D. 90 days. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了一款用特定的营养素补充饮食的软糖产品。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Boost your daily wellness with VitaCare Immune Support Gummies. Formulated with essential vitamins and minerals, these tasty gummies help fill nutritional gaps in your diet, supporting your immune system and overall energy levels.(用VitaCare免疫支持软糖增强你的日常健康。这些美味的软糖含有必需的维生素和矿物质，有助于填补饮食中的营养缺口，支持你的免疫系统和整体能量水平)”可知，这款产品的目的是用特定的营养素补充饮食，故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中Vitamin D3一栏内容“100%”以及“Aids calcium absorption for bone health.(促进钙吸收，促进骨骼健康)”可知，维生素D3能为骨骼健康支持提供每日参考值的100%，故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Directions for Use部分中“Adults and children (12 years and above): Take 2 gummies daily.(成人和儿童（12岁及以上）：每天2粒)”和Important Notes部分中“Net Contents: 60 gummies(净含量：60个软糖)”可知，指导用量为每天2粒，净含量是60粒，可服用60÷2=30天，故选B。 B Since 2019, our institute, the Institute of Biology and Chemistry of Proteins in Lyon, has reduced its carbon footprint by about 13% through changes in lab practices. For me, however, this transformation started with a sense of discomfort rather than with numbers. At the time, I was an early-career researcher focusing on publications and productivity. So when about a dozen volunteer scientists began raising concerns about the environmental impact of our work, I hesitated. Any measure that might affect productivity seemed risky. I worried that raising freezer temperatures could damage samples, that reducing cleaning cycles might slow experiments, and that changing long-standing procedures could hurt my publication record. One question in particular changed the way I think. Audrey Sabbagh, an associate professor at Paris City University, once asked, “Can we consider research that is not ethical from an environmental point of view to be excellent?” That question stayed with me. I realized that I had long separated excellence from responsibility. My colleagues and I then joined the Labos 1.5 program, a collective of around 600 researchers who believe science should lead by example in reducing society’s carbon footprint. The collective has developed a free online tool that any researcher can use to compute their lab’s carbon footprint. The results showed that more than half of the emissions (排放) in laboratories like ours came from the production, transport, and technical services linked to lab supplies and equipment. These emissions were far greater than those from conference travel, commuting, or heating buildings. That finding forced me to rethink both our assumptions and our practices. We began testing simple changes. After confirming sample safety, we carefully raised freezer temperatures, reduced consumables, encouraged equipment repair, and extended the lifespan of computer hardware. We also replaced short-distance flights with train travel whenever possible. These were small but practical steps. Over time, I came to see that sustainability requires careful balancing. It is challenging, but essential for the future of science. 4. Which of the following contributed to the author’s initial hesitation? A. Fear of their research being affected. B. Discomfort of a new working environment. C. Doubts about being a capable young scientist. D. Worries about tough working conditions in the lab. 5. What does Audrey Sabbagh imply in paragraph 3? A. Research comes out of a change in thinking. B. Good research cannot harm the environment. C. Research should be aimed at improving life. D. Excellence and responsibility cannot coexist. 6. What did the results of the Labos 1.5 tool calculation suggest? A. The lab’s carbon footprint was less serious than expected. B. The previous assumptions and practices were largely accurate. C. Lab supplies and equipment were the main source of lab emissions. D. Travelling and heating accounted for the majority of the pollution. 7. What did the author finally come to realize? A. Safety always comes first in science. B. Scientific work requires practical skills. C. Success in science needs careful action. D. Small changes can promote sustainability. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了作者所在研究所通过调整实验室举措减少碳足迹。作者起初因担心科研效率受影响而犹豫，后受一个环保伦理问题启发，加入科研环保项目，并认识到微小改变对科研可持续发展的重要意义。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“Any measure that might affect productivity seemed risky.(任何可能影响科研效率的措施似乎都存在风险。)” 可知，作者起初犹豫是担心他们的科研工作受到影响。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第三段“Audrey Sabbagh, ... once asked, “Can we consider research that is not ethical from an environmental point of view to be excellent?”(Audrey Sabbagh，……曾发问：“从环境角度来看，我们能否将不符合道德规范的研究视作优秀研究？”) ” 可知，Audrey Sabbagh的话暗示了优质的科学研究不能以破坏环境为代价。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第四段“The results showed that more than half of the emissions in laboratories like ours came from the production, transport, and technical services linked to lab supplies and equipment.(结果显示，像我们这样的实验室，超过一半的排放来自实验物资和设备的生产、运输及相关技术服务。)” 可知，实验物资和设备是实验室排放的主要来源。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文第五段“These were small but practical steps. Over time, I came to see that sustainability requires careful balancing.(这些都是微小却实用的举措。久而久之，我逐渐明白可持续发展需要用心权衡、兼顾各方。)” 可知，作者意识到细微的改变能够助力实现科研领域的可持续发展。 C If the joy of seeing butterflies seems increasingly rare these days, it isn’t a false impression. From 2000 to 2020, the number of butterflies fell by 22% across the continental United States. That’s 1 in 5 butterflies lost. Overall, nearly one-third of the 342 butterfly species we were able to study declined by more than half. Twenty-two species fell by more than 90%. Some species’ numbers are dropping faster than others. The West Coast Lady, a fairly widespread species across the western U.S., dropped by 80% in 20 years. Butterflies are beautiful. They inspire people, from art to literature and poetry. They deserve to exist. They are also important for ecosystem function. Butterflies are pollinators (传花粉者), picking up pollen on their legs and bodies as they feed on nectar (花蜜) from one flower and carrying it to the next. In their earlier stage, they also play an important role in keeping plant growth in check. Butterflies can also serve as an indicator species that can warn of threats and trends in other insects. Butterfly populations can decline for a number of reasons. Habitat loss, insecticides, rising temperatures and drying landscapes can all harm these delicate insects. A study published in 2024found that a change in insecticide use was a major factor in driving butterfly declines in the Midwest over 17 years. Some butterfly species can have multiple generations per year, and depending on the environmental conditions, the number of generations can vary between years. This brings a bit of hope when it comes to butterfly conservation. Because they have such short generation times, even small conservation steps can make a big difference and we can see populations bounce back. The size and rate of biodiversity loss in the world right now can make one feel helpless. But while national and international efforts are needed to address the crisis, you can also take small actions that can have quick benefits, starting in your own backyard. 8. Why are the numbers in paragraph 2 mentioned? A. To show the loss of habitat for butterflies. B. To list the difficulty in protecting butterflies. C. To describe the distribution of butterflies in the U. S. D. To emphasize the sharp decline in butterfly population. 9. What is the third paragraph mainly about? A. The benefits of butterflies. B. The diversity of butterflies. C. The survival skills of butterflies in nature. D. The effects of butterflies on other insects. 10. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 5 refer to? A. Reducing threats to butterflies. B. Butterfly species’ variety. C. Butterflies’ high reproductive potential. D. Better environmental conditions. 11. What would be probably talked about in the following paragraphs? A. Individual effort to make a difference. B. Main reasons for the loss of butterflies. C. Government policies on butterfly conservation. D. International cooperation in protecting butterflies. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如今蝴蝶数量急剧减少的现象，阐述了蝴蝶的重要性、数量减少的原因，同时提到因其繁殖周期短，保护蝴蝶仍有希望，并鼓励人们从自家后院开始采取行动保护蝴蝶。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“From 2000 to 2020, the number of butterflies fell by 22% across the continental United States. That’s 1 in 5 butterflies lost. Overall, nearly one-third of the 342 butterfly species we were able to study declined by more than half.(从2000年到2020年，美国大陆的蝴蝶数量下降了22%，也就是每5只蝴蝶就消失1只。总体而言，我们研究的342种蝴蝶中，有近三分之一的数量减少了一半以上。)”可知，文中列举这些数据是为了强调蝴蝶数量的急剧下降。故选D项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Butterflies are beautiful. They inspire people, from art to literature and poetry. They deserve to exist. They are also important for ecosystem function. Butterflies are pollinators (传花粉者), picking up pollen on their legs and bodies as they feed on nectar (花蜜) from one flower and carrying it to the next. In their earlier stage, they also play an important role in keeping plant growth in check. Butterflies can also serve as an indicator species that can warn of threats and trends in other insects.(蝴蝶很美丽。它们从艺术到文学和诗歌都激励着人们。它们值得存在。它们对生态系统功能也很重要。蝴蝶是传粉者，当它们从一朵花上吸取花蜜时，会在腿和身体上沾上花粉，然后将其带到下一朵花上。在它们的早期阶段，它们在控制植物生长方面也发挥着重要作用。蝴蝶还可以作为一种指示物种，警示其他昆虫面临的威胁和趋势。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了蝴蝶的益处。故选A项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Some butterfly species can have multiple generations per year, and depending on the environmental conditions, the number of generations can vary between years. This brings a bit of hope when it comes to butterfly conservation.(有些蝴蝶种类一年可以繁殖多代，根据环境条件，每年的繁殖世代数会有所不同。这给蝴蝶保护带来了一些希望。)”可知，This指代的是蝴蝶一年能繁殖多代的高繁殖潜力。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But while national and international efforts are needed to address the crisis, you can also take small actions that can have quick benefits, starting in your own backyard.(尽管应对这场危机需要国家和国际层面的努力，但你也可以从自己的后院开始，采取一些能快速见效的微小行动。)”可推断，接下来文章可能会谈论个人能为保护蝴蝶做出的努力。故选A项。 D Nitrogen fertiliser (氮肥) is essential for modern agriculture but carries a heavy environmental price, contributing to water pollution and soil degradation. However, simply reducing its use is not a solution. Crops typically respond to nitrogen shortage by investing more in root growth to search for nutrients, often at the expense of shoot (茎叶) development and grain production. While adaptive in the wild, this root-shoot trade-off limits agricultural productivity. For decades, the gene behind this trade-off has been unknown. In a new study, researchers from Nanjing Agricultural University, the University of Oxford, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences not only identified the gene responsible, but demonstrated that modifying it in rice can ensure stable shoot growth and yields even when nitrogen levels are low. The breakthrough could ultimately reduce dependence on artificial fertilisers. In experiments, the team found that a gene in rice called WRINKLED1a has distinct roles in the shoot and root. In the shoot, it switches on NGR5, a key gene that promotes branching. In the roots, WRINKLED1a supports nitrogen uptake, but also prevents the formation of a protein complex that would otherwise limit root growth. Interestingly, WRINKLED1a does not prevent this protein complex in the shoot, showing that its roles are tissue-specific. From over 3,000 rice varieties, the team identified a naturally stronger version of the gene and used traditional plant breeding (育种) to cross it into varieties carrying a weaker form. Over three field trials in Hainan and Anhui provinces, China, rice plants with this improved version maintained a more stable root-to-shoot balance across different nitrogen conditions, resulting in a 23.7% yield increase under low fertiliser use and a 19.9% increase under high fertiliser use. Lead author Dr. Shan Li noted that WRINKLED1a helps rice avoid the usual “more roots, less shoot” situation under nitrogen limitation, supporting stable yields with lower nitrogen inputs. “The next step is to investigate whether similar genes in other crops, such as wheat and corn, can be used to achieve the same outcomes,” she added. 12. Which aspect of the root-shoot trade-off does the new study focus on? A. Its economic cost. B. Its nutritional demand. C. Its genetic mechanism. D. Its environmental impact. 13. What can we learn about WRINKLED1a? A. Its function varies in different tissues. B. Its effect is restricted to the shoot. C. It promotes protein complex formation. D. It reduces nitrogen levels in the roots. 14. What might the study help to do according to the text? A. Contribute to food diversity. B. Facilitate sustainable farming. C. Justify nitrogen fertiliser use. D. Advance rice breeding methods. 15. What do Dr. Shan Li’s words suggest? A. The limitation of the research. B. A challenge in applying the findings. C. The need to test the outcomes. D. A possible direction for further study. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕农作物在缺氮环境下的根冠权衡现象展开，介绍科研团队成功锁定调控该现象的关键基因，改良水稻品种实现减肥增产，并展望该研究在其他农作物上的后续应用前景。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“For decades, the gene behind this trade-off has been unknown. In a new study, researchers not only identified the gene responsible, but demonstrated that modifying it in rice can ensure stable shoot growth and yields even when nitrogen levels are low. (几十年来，控制这种根冠权衡的基因一直不为人知。在一项新研究中，研究人员不仅找到了关键基因，还证实改良水稻中的该基因，能让水稻在低氮环境下依旧维持茎叶正常生长与产量稳定。)”可知，这项新研究聚焦根冠权衡背后的基因运作机制。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Interestingly, WRINKLED1a does not prevent this protein complex in the shoot, showing that its roles are tissue-specific. (有趣的是，WRINKLED1a基因不会在茎叶组织中抑制该蛋白质复合体的形成，这表明它的功能具有组织特异性。)”可知，该基因在不同植物组织中作用不同。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The breakthrough could ultimately reduce dependence on artificial fertilisers. (这一突破最终有望减少农业对人工化肥的依赖。)”以及第四段“Over three field trials in Hainan and Anhui provinces, China, rice plants with this improved version maintained a more stable root-to-shoot balance across different nitrogen conditions, resulting in a 23.7% yield increase under low fertiliser use and a 19.9% increase under high fertiliser use.(在中国海南省和安徽省的三次田间试验中，使用这种改进版本的水稻在不同的氮肥条件下保持了更稳定的根冠平衡，在低化肥使用下产量增加了23.7%，在高化肥使用下增加了19.9%。)”可知，该研究能够减少化肥使用、兼顾增产与生态保护，助力可持续农业发展。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The next step is to investigate whether similar genes in other crops, such as wheat and corn, can be used to achieve the same outcomes. (下一步我们将研究小麦、玉米等其他农作物中是否存在同类基因，能否复刻相同的增产效果。)”可知，Shan Li博士的话指明了后续进一步研究的发展方向。 第二节 七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I put on a headset, and within seconds I am somewhere else. Ice sheets float on dark water. Wind brushes past my ears, sharp and restless. In the distance, mountains glow (发光) under the moonlight. Moments later, I find myself inside a museum, leaning close to a painting I have never seen in real life. ___16___ This is the promise of virtual reality (VR): a world delivered to us without leaving home. There is much to appreciate in this form of travel. ___17___ There is no need to consider weather conditions, health issues or financial pressure. You may enter distant places at any moment and leave just as freely. For those restricted by schedule, health, or income, VR quietly removes barriers that traditional travel often sets in place. ___18___ Travelers wander through unfamiliar streets, sample local dishes, and engage face-to-face with people shaped by different traditions. Such encounters awaken the senses and create lasting memories. More importantly, they change how places feel to us, not just how we understand them. This distinction is clear, because learning about a destination is not the same as being there. Virtual travel offers designed scenes and programmed sensations, but it remains carefully controlled. Real travel, by contrast, is shaped by unpredictability. ___19___ In those unplanned moments, understanding becomes lived rather than recorded. Virtual reality will undoubtedly continue to evolve, enriching how we preview journeys and imagine distant worlds. Still, it cannot replace actual presence. Travel is not simply about seeing farther; it is also about feeling where you stand. ___20___ A. I am not moving, yet I am traveling. B. Yet real travel leaves a deeper mark. C. My feet ache as my journey stretches across the day. D. Virtual journeys are convenient, time-saving, and widely accessible. E. Some knowledge, it seems, only arrives when your feet are on the ground. F. It demands choices, adaptation, and constant awareness of the unexpected. G. But the convenience may gradually weaken our desire to explore the real world. 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 19. F 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过作者的虚拟现实体验引入，探讨了虚拟旅行与现实旅行的区别，指出虚拟现实无法替代真实旅行所带来的感官体验和情感联结。 【16题详解】 前文“I put on a headset, and within seconds I am somewhere else. (我戴上头戴设备，几秒钟后就置身于别处。)”为接下来的虚拟现实旅游做好准备，继而描述作者在虚拟现实中的沉浸体验。后文“This is the promise of virtual reality (VR): a world delivered to us without leaving home. (这就是虚拟现实（VR）的愿景：一个无需离家便能抵达的世界。)”是对前文的概括总结，A选项“我没有移动，却正在旅行”概括了前文的虚拟旅行体验，又引出后文要讨论的核心内容，承接上文并点明主题。故选A。 【17题详解】 根据前文“There is much to appreciate in this form of travel. (这种旅行方式有很多值得欣赏的地方。)”可知，接下来应说明虚拟旅行的优点。D选项“虚拟旅行方便、省时且易于实现。”具体阐述了虚拟旅行的优势，与上文形成顺承关系。故选D。 【18题详解】 空处为本段第一句，应起总起作用。后文“Travelers wander through unfamiliar streets, sample local dishes, and engage face-to-face with people shaped by different traditions. Such encounters awaken the senses and create lasting memories. More importantly, they change how places feel to us, not just how we understand them. (旅行者漫步在陌生的街道上，品尝当地美食，与来自不同传统背景的人面对面交流。这些体验唤醒感官，创造持久的记忆。更重要的是，它们改变了我们对一个地方的情感认知，而不仅仅是理性理解。)”描述了真实旅行的独特体验和深刻影响，B选项“然而真实的旅行留下更深的印记。”引出对真实旅行的进一步阐述。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据前文“Real travel, by contrast, is shaped by unpredictability. (相比之下，真实旅行充满不可预测性。)”可知，本空应进一步说明这种不可预测性带来的影响。F选项“它要求人们做出选择、不断适应，并时刻留意突发情况。”具体解释了真实旅行中不可预测性所带来的挑战与体验，与前文形成解释关系。故选F。 【20题详解】 前文“Travel is not simply about seeing farther; it is also about feeling where you stand. (旅行不仅仅是看得更远，更是感受你所在的地方。)”强调真实旅行中的情感体验与身体在场的重要性，E选项“有些知识似乎只有当你脚踏实地时才能获得。”是前文内容的升华，点明真实旅行不可替代的价值。故选E。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完型填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Despite my successful career, performance anxiety has been my constant companion. It first struck during an exam at university. For thirty minutes, my mind went completely blank, unable to ____21____ a single word from the paper. Although I ____22____ recovered and achieved a decent result, the regret remained: what if I hadn’t ____23____? Years later, as a professional, I frequently gave ____24____. Usually, a few deep breaths would calm my nerves. However, one day, while heading to address students on how to improve learning efficiency, I ____25____ the subway exit. The mistake ____26____ me precious time, and I rushed into the hall just five minutes before the start. Seeing the audience already ____27____, I felt a wave of terror washing over me. This time, the breathing technique ____28____. When I finally began to speak, my voice shook uncontrollably. In that ____29____ moment, I made a sudden decision. I admitted my fear to the students. Immediately, their eyes filled with ____30____ instead of judgment. For the next ten minutes, I shared my story, explaining that everyone has weaknesses that may never be fully ____31____. I told them that no one is perfect, but ____32____ ourselves can make us better. The two-hour session ended with unexpected warmth. Later, a friend mentioned how ____33____ the students were to try the methods I shared. I explained that the success lay in my ____34____ interaction. Sometimes, what truly touches hearts is not a perfect speech, but the ____35____ to share our real selves. 21. A. take in B. bring up C. look for D. send out 22. A. actually B. eventually C. quickly D. suddenly 23. A. passed B. recovered C. panicked D. finished 24. A. advice B. feedback C. lectures D. performances 25. A. forgot B. found C. changed D. misjudged 26. A. cost B. won C. bought D. spared 27. A. bored B. seated C. chatting D. leaving 28. A. helped B. mattered C. responded D. failed 29. A. surprising B. desperate C. magical D. unforgettable 30. A. anger B. doubt C. curiosity D. sympathy 31. A. overcome B. forgiven C. understood D. neglected 32. A. behaving B. describing C. accepting D. loving 33. A. eager B. hesitant C. proud D. confused 34. A. meaningful B. inspiring C. casual D. honest 35. A. motivation B. courage C. technique D. determination 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者从大学考试时因紧张大脑空白无法理解试卷文字，到职业生涯中一次演讲因紧张失误后选择坦诚分享自身弱点，最终赢得听众共鸣与尊重的经历，揭示了接纳不完美、真诚面对自我的力量。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：整整三十分钟里，我的大脑一片空白，根本无法从试卷上读取一个字。A. take in吸收、理解；B. bring up提出、抚养、使想起；C. look for寻找；D. send out发送、发出。根据前文“my mind went completely blank,”及后文“from the paper.”可知，此处描述作者面对试卷上的文字却无法理解其含义，信息输入环节出现障碍。take in有“理解、领会”之意，couldn’t take in a single word为地道表达，意为“一个字也看不进去”。 【22题详解】 考查副词。句意：尽管最终我恢复了过来，并取得了不错的成绩，但那种遗憾依然存在：要是我当时没有惊慌失措会怎样呢？A. actually实际上；B. eventually最终；C. quickly快速地；D. suddenly突然地。前文“For thirty minutes, my mind went completely blank,”提到作者考试时前30分钟大脑空白无法理解试卷，后文“recovered and achieved a decent result”说恢复状态并取得不错成绩，这需要一个过程，强调经过一段时间后“最终”恢复，eventually符合时间逻辑。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：尽管最终我恢复了过来，并取得了不错的成绩，但那种遗憾依然存在：要是我当时没有惊慌失措会怎样呢？A. passed通过；B. recovered恢复；C. panicked惊慌失措；D. finished完成。第一段“Despite my successful career, performance anxiety has been my constant companion.”描述作者在考场上大脑空白的状态正是表现焦虑发作的表现，此处表达作者事后的遗憾：如果当时我没有惊慌失措该多好。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：多年以后，作为一名专业人士，我经常进行演讲。A. advice建议；B. feedback反馈；C. lectures讲座、演讲；D. performances表演、演出。根据后文“However, one day, while heading to address students on how to improve learning efficiency,”可知，作者作为专业人士经常进行演讲或讲座。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，有一天，在前往给学生们讲解如何提高学习效率的路上，我误判了地铁出口的位置。A. forgot忘记；B. found找到；C. changed改变；D. misjudged误判、判断错误。根据后文“rushed into the hall just five minutes before the start”可知，作者开场前五分钟才冲进大厅，结合语境应是在地铁出口处判断错了方向或位置，导致耽误时间。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：这个错误让我浪费了宝贵的时间，我在开始演讲的五分钟前才匆匆走进会场。A. cost花费、使付出代价；B. won赢得；C. bought买；D. spared抽出、饶恕。根据后文“and I rushed into the hall just five minutes before the start.”可知，这个错误耽误了作者的宝贵时间。cost sb. precious time“使某人付出宝贵时间的代价”是常见搭配。 【27题详解】 考查动词和形容词。句意：看到听众已经就座，我感到一阵恐惧袭来。A. bored感到无聊的；B. seated就座的、坐好的；C. chatting聊天；D. leaving离开。根据前文“and I rushed into the hall just five minutes before the start.”可知，作者冲进大厅时演讲即将开始，观众理应已经就座等候。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：这一次，呼吸技巧不再奏效。A. helped帮助、起作用；B. mattered要紧；C. responded回应；D. failed失败、不起作用。根据前文“Usually, a few deep breaths would calm my nerves”和后文描述“my voice shook uncontrollably”可知，作者声音控制不住地颤抖，可见这次呼吸技巧不起作用了。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在那个绝望的时刻，我突然做出了一个决定。A. surprising令人惊讶的；B. desperate绝望的、孤注一掷的；C. magical神奇的；D. unforgettable难忘的。根据前文“my voice shook uncontrollably”可知，作者极度紧张恐惧，声音颤抖，在这个绝望的时刻他做了一个突然的决定。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：立刻，他们的目光中充满了同情，而不是评判。A. anger愤怒；B. doubt怀疑；C. curiosity好奇；D. sympathy同情、理解。根据后文“instead of judgment.”可知，作者向学生承认自己的恐惧后，学生眼中流露出的不是评判而是理解与同情。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：接下来的十分钟里，我分享了自己的故事，解释说每个人都有可能永远无法完全克服的弱点。A. overcome克服；B. forgiven原谅；C. understood理解；D. neglected忽视。根据前文“I shared my story, explaining that everyone has weaknesses”可知，作者告诉学生人人都有弱点，有些弱点可能永远无法被完全克服。 【32题详解】 考查动名词。句意：我告诉他们，没有人是完美的，但接纳自己能够让我们变得更好。A. behaving表现；B. describing描述；C. accepting接受；D. loving爱。根据前文“I shared my story, explaining that everyone has weaknesses that may never be fully  ____ . ”可知，作者认为要接纳不完美的自己。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：后来，一位朋友提到学生们是多么渴望尝试我所分享的方法。A. eager渴望的、热切的；B. hesitant犹豫的；C. proud骄傲的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“the students were to try the methods I shared”和“I explained that the success”可知，学生们非常热切地去尝试作者分享的方法。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我解释说成功在于我真诚的交流。A. meaningful有意义的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. casual随意的；D. honest诚实的。根据前文“I admitted my fear to the students.”可知，作者将演讲成功归因于自己坦诚的互动，因为他在台上诚实地分享了自己的恐惧与弱点。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：有时候，真正触动人心的并非完美的演讲，而是敢于展现真实自我的勇气。A. motivation动力；B. courage勇气；C. technique技巧；D. determination决心。根据前文“I admitted my fear to the students.”可知，承认自己的弱点需要勇气，这正是作者成功的所在。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lhamo Yudron was born into a family of embroiderers. She gained a reputation in the village for her exceptional needlework skills, with many soon-to-be brides turning to her for ____36____ (assist) in creating their dowries. However, she found that most local crafts were passed down by the older generation. Driven by an ambition ____37____ (carve) out a new path for the art, she woke up at 4 am every day to study embroidery theory. In 2009, Lhamo Yudron set up an embroidery company in her hometown and____38____ (transfer) the patterns from Tibetan costumes onto canvas, ____39____ (display) natural landscapes and wildlife through the art. Her artistic presentation combines legacies from the two ethnic groups____40____ is flexible in creating new patterns. In 2014, her distinct embroidery products began to gain global reputation. Over the past decade, Lhamo Yudron ____41____ (cooperate) with the Van Gogh Museum. Over a dozen established brands want to purchase the copyright of her design ____42____ a high price. She attributes the popularity of her work to the unique charm of Chinese ethnic culture. Today, Lhamo Yudron remains ____43____ (commit) to her mission, ensuring that this ancient art continues to evolve. “ ____44____ is traditional can become fashionable. The key is that we must learn to innovate because that is the best form of inheritance and the best way to give the past ____45____future,” she says. 【答案】36. assistance 37. to carve 38. transferred 39. displaying 40. and 41. has cooperated##has been cooperating 42. at 43. committed 44. What 45. a 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了藏族刺绣传承人拉毛叶忠如何凭借精湛技艺和创新精神，推动传统刺绣艺术走向世界的故事。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：她因出色的刺绣技艺在村里赢得了声誉，许多准新娘都向她寻求帮助，以制作自己的嫁妆。空前为介词for，空处需要填入名词作宾语，所给动词assist的名词形式为assistance，意为“帮助”。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：怀着为这门艺术开辟新道路的雄心，她每天早上4点起床学习刺绣理论。句中有谓语动词woke up，空处需填入非谓语动词。空前为名词ambition，其后应用不定式作后置定语。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：2009年，拉毛叶忠在家乡创办了一家刺绣公司，并将藏族服饰上的纹样复刻到画布之上，以刺绣艺术展现自然风光与野生动植物风貌。空处与set up为并列的句子谓语动词，且根据时间状语In 2009可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，transfer的过去式为transferred。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2009年，拉毛叶忠在家乡创办了一家刺绣公司，并将藏族服饰上的纹样复刻到画布之上，以刺绣艺术展现自然风光与野生动植物风貌。本句已有谓语动词set up和transferred，空处需要填入非谓语动词。所给词display与逻辑主语Lhamo Yudron之间为主动关系，应用现在分词displaying作状语。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：她的艺术表现形式融合了两个民族的遗产，并且在创造新图案方面具有灵活性。句中combines与空后的is是并列的谓语，应用并列连词and连接。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，拉毛叶忠一直与梵高博物馆合作。时间状语Over the past decade提示动作从过去持续到现在，可能仍在进行，可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时来表示。主语Lhamo Yudron为第三人称单数，现在完成时为has cooperated，现在完成进行时为has been cooperating。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：十多个知名品牌想要以高价购买她设计的版权。表示“以……的价格”时，介词应用at，at a high price为固定用法，意为“以高价”。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如今，拉毛叶忠仍然致力于自己的使命，确保这门古老的艺术继续发展。空前remains为系动词，空处需要填入形容词作表语。所给动词commit的形容词形式为committed，意为“致力于……”。 【44题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：传统的东西也可以变得时尚。空处引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语，此时应用连接代词what引导主语从句，且在句首，what首字母需大写。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：她说，“关键在于我们必须学会创新，因为这是最好的传承形式，也是给过去一个未来的最佳方式。”空后future为可数名词，此处泛指“一个未来”，且future以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，上周末你和同学们前往附近乡镇，拍摄并制作以乡村振兴为主题的短视频。请你给英国笔友Chris写一封邮件进行分享。内容包括： 1. 拍摄内容； 2. 你的收获。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, I’m writing to share with you my experience of shooting a short video on rural revitalization. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Chris, I’m writing to share with you my experience of shooting a short video on rural revitalization. Last weekend, my classmates and I went to a nearby town. We filmed the modern greenhouses where farmers grew organic vegetables, the new rural library full of readers, and the happy faces of villagers as they talked about their better lives. This experience made me realize how much the countryside has changed. I’m proud of the progress rural areas have made, and I’ve also learned the importance of recording and spreading these heartwarming stories. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国笔友Chris写邮件，分享上周末和同学拍摄乡村振兴主题短视频的经历，需包含拍摄内容和个人收获两方面。 【详解】1.词汇积累 附近的：nearby → adjacent 快乐的：happy → merry/joyous 意识到：realize → be aware of/recognize 传播：spread → publicize 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m writing to share with you my experience of shooting a short video on rural revitalization. 拓展句：I’m writing to share with you my experience of shooting a short video on rural revitalization, which has given me a deeper understanding of the topic. 【点睛】[高分句型1] We filmed the modern greenhouses where farmers grew organic vegetables, the new rural library full of readers, and the happy faces of villagers as they talked about their better lives. (运用了where引导的定语从句和as引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] This experience made me realize how much the countryside has changed. (运用了how引导的宾语从句) [高分句型3] I’m proud of the progress rural areas have made, and I’ve also learned the importance of recording and spreading these heartwarming stories. (运用了省略关系代词that的定语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For our long-service leave, my husband and I decided to travel around Tasmania with our camper trailer (野营拖车). We were coming all the way across Western Australia to get there — not exactly a “lap of the map”, but still a big trip. We’d packed our bikes, surfboards and our dog. It was all going beautifully until we got to St Helens in Tasmania. We were looking forward to hitting the bike trails and the beach. But what was meant to be a fun day of mountain biking quickly turned into a stressful, late-night rescue when my husband broke his leg on the trail. Thanks to the incredible local emergency services, he was located, rescued and airlifted to hospital. As I watched him being flown off the mountain by helicopter, relief flooded through me — and then reality hit. I was now solely responsible for the dog, the vehicle and the camper trailer still set up back at the campsite. Packing up the trailer was a two-person job. My family and friends were 4,000 km away in Western Australia. And my dog needed a walk! The next day, new neighbours arrived at the campsite. Exhausted and worried, I managed a small smile as a man named Sam said hello and began setting up with his wife. I wondered what they thought — a solo woman with a dog, no partner in sight, and a camper trailer full of gear (齿轮). Eventually, Sam’s curiosity got the better of him. He asked a few gentle questions and, after two days of silent stress, the whole story poured out. Sam listened patiently, kindly. He nodded, said little, and returned to his own camp. That evening, he and his wife, Hillary, did something extraordinary. With no hesitation, they told me they’d pack everything up for me. “Tasmania has given us a warm hug, “they said. “Now we want to pass that hug on.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next morning, true to their word, they arrived ready to help. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ But their kindness didn’t stop there. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 The next morning, true to their word, they arrived ready to help. And what followed was no small task. My husband, still in a hospital bed, talked us through the process over the phone. It was complex and physically demanding. Piece by piece, with calm and methodical care, Sam worked it all out, while Hillary offered encouragement, guidance and good humour. After two hours, the camper was ready to go. It would have taken me days on my own and, even then, I’m not sure I could have done it. But their kindness didn’t stop there. They invited me to join them for dinner and a seat at their campfire, sharing their food, their warmth and their company. I hadn’t realized how much I needed that simple kindness. It felt like the first deep breath I’d taken in days. I will never forget that holiday. Not just because of the accident, or the brilliance of the emergency services, but because of Sam and Hillary. They gave me a warm Tasmanian hug — just when I needed it most. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，作者和丈夫在塔斯马尼亚州度长期服务假，本打算进行山地骑行和海滩活动，结果丈夫在骑行途中摔断腿，被直升机送往医院。作者独自面对收拾野营拖车等难题，此时新邻居山姆和希拉里到来，作者向他们倾诉了遭遇，山姆和希拉里决定帮助作者。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，他们果然信守诺言，赶来准备帮忙。”可知，第一段续写围绕山姆和希拉里如何帮助作者收拾野营拖车展开。描述收拾过程复杂且费力，在丈夫电话指导下，山姆有条不紊地操作，希拉里给予鼓励和引导，两小时后成功收拾好，若作者独自完成可能需要数天且不一定能做到。 ②由第二段首句内容“但他们的善意并未就此止步”可知，第二段续写体现山姆和希拉里的善良不止于此。他们邀请作者共进晚餐，围坐篝火，分享食物、温暖与陪伴，让作者感受到多日来的首次放松，作者永远难忘这个假期，感激山姆和希拉里在最需要时给予的温暖。 2.续写线索：邻居前来帮忙——复杂工作展开——成功完成任务——邀请作者——作者感受——难忘经历 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①提供：offer /provide ②分享：share/distribute ③意识到：realize /be aware of 情绪类 ①鼓励：encouragement/motivation ②温暖的：warm/cozy 【点睛】[高分句型1] They invited me to join them for dinner and a seat at their campfire, sharing their food, their warmth and their company. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] It felt like the first deep breath I’d taken in days. (运用了省略关系代词的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第二学期高二学科知识测试 英语试题卷 本试题卷共12页，时间为120分钟，满分为150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．What is the woman busy doing? A．Looking after a pet. B．Hunting for a flat. C．Discussing with her landlady. 2．What does the man want to improve in his English? A．Communication skills. B．Business English. C．His accent. 3．What did the woman leave behind? A．Her wallet. B．Her passport. C．Her charger. 4．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a laundry room. B．In a snack bar. C．In a dental clinic. 5．What does the man suggest Susan do? A．Find academic partners. B．Present research results. C．Seek university funding. 第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．Why does the man want the remote control? A．To watch a live game. B．To turn down the TV. C．To skip the advertisements. 7．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Coach and player. C．Host and audience. 听第7段材料，回答第8至第10题。 8．What are the speakers planning? A．A birthday party. B．A graduation ceremony. C．A housewarming gathering. 9．How does the man find the community center? A．Budget-friendly. B．Well-decorated. C．Out-dated. 10．How will they send out invitations? A．Make phone calls. B．Send emails. C．Give paper invitations. 听第8段材料，回答第11至第13题。 11．What is the exhibition mainly about? A．Modern artworks. B．Ancient objects. C．Contemporary items. 12．How did the museum help visitors understand the paintings? A．By a special translator. B．Through a local guide. C．With a tailored brochure. 13．What might the woman decide to do next? A．Visit the museum. B．Research the objects online. C．Ask for more recommendations. 听第9段材料，回答第14至第17题。 14．Why does the man dislike take-offs? A．It is dangerous. B．It makes him sick. C．It takes a long time. 15．Where are the speakers going? A．Spain. B．America. C．Greece. 16．What attracts the man most? A．The villages. B．The museums. C．The beaches. 17．How does the man feel in the end? A．Nervous. B．Relieved. C．Impatient. 听第10段材料，回答第18至第20题。 18．What is Replika? A．A digital companion. B．A chat-based website. C．A social networking app. 19．How should AI success be measured according to the speaker? A．By its emotional diversity. B．By its impact on users’ emotions. C．By screen time and user engagement. 20．Why does the speaker give the talk? A．To introduce the latest technology behind AI. B．To explore the role of AI in social connections. C．To discuss the benefits and risks of AI friends. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 阅读理解(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D 四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A VitaCare Immune Support Gummies Product Information Sheet Boost your daily wellness with VitaCare Immune Support Gummies. Formulated with essential vitamins and minerals, these tasty gummies help fill nutritional gaps in your diet, supporting your immune system and overall energy levels. Enjoy the natural orange flavor as part of a balanced lifestyle. Active Ingredients Key Benefits (Per 2 Gummies Serving) Ingredient Amount Daily Value＊ Key Function Vitamin C 90 mg 100% Supports immune defense and protects cells. Vitamin D3 20 mcg (800 IU) 100% Aids calcium absorption for bone health. Zinc 5mg 45% Contributes to normal immune function. Elderberry Extract 50 mg + A traditional herbal supplement. ＊Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000-calorie diet. +Daily Value not established. Directions for Use Adults and children (12 years and above): Take 2 gummies daily. Chew thoroughly. Best taken with a meal. Do not exceed the recommended daily intake. Important Notes Storage: Keep the bottle tightly closed in a cool, dry place. Avoid direct sunlight Warning: Keep out of reach of children. This product is not intended for children under 12. Consult your doctor before use if you are pregnant, nursing, taking other medications, or have a known medical condition. Note: These gummies are a dietary supplement and should not replace a varied diet and healthy lifestyle. Net Contents: 60 gummies Expiry Date Batch No.: See bottom of bottle. Do not use if the safety seal is broken or after the expiry date. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. 1. What is the main purpose of this product? A. To replace daily meals for weight loss. B. To provide medicinal treatment for the flu. C. To supplement the diet with specific nutrients. D. To improve the taste of food. 2. According to the table, which ingredient provides 100% of the Daily Value for bone health support? A. Vitamin C. B. Zinc. C. Elderberry Extract. D. Vitamin D3. 3. How long will one bottle last if taken as directed? A. 15 days. B. 30 days. C. 60 days. D. 90 days. B Since 2019, our institute, the Institute of Biology and Chemistry of Proteins in Lyon, has reduced its carbon footprint by about 13% through changes in lab practices. For me, however, this transformation started with a sense of discomfort rather than with numbers. At the time, I was an early-career researcher focusing on publications and productivity. So when about a dozen volunteer scientists began raising concerns about the environmental impact of our work, I hesitated. Any measure that might affect productivity seemed risky. I worried that raising freezer temperatures could damage samples, that reducing cleaning cycles might slow experiments, and that changing long-standing procedures could hurt my publication record. One question in particular changed the way I think. Audrey Sabbagh, an associate professor at Paris City University, once asked, “Can we consider research that is not ethical from an environmental point of view to be excellent?” That question stayed with me. I realized that I had long separated excellence from responsibility. My colleagues and I then joined the Labos 1.5 program, a collective of around 600 researchers who believe science should lead by example in reducing society’s carbon footprint. The collective has developed a free online tool that any researcher can use to compute their lab’s carbon footprint. The results showed that more than half of the emissions (排放) in laboratories like ours came from the production, transport, and technical services linked to lab supplies and equipment. These emissions were far greater than those from conference travel, commuting, or heating buildings. That finding forced me to rethink both our assumptions and our practices. We began testing simple changes. After confirming sample safety, we carefully raised freezer temperatures, reduced consumables, encouraged equipment repair, and extended the lifespan of computer hardware. We also replaced short-distance flights with train travel whenever possible. These were small but practical steps. Over time, I came to see that sustainability requires careful balancing. It is challenging, but essential for the future of science. 4. Which of the following contributed to the author’s initial hesitation? A. Fear of their research being affected. B. Discomfort of a new working environment. C. Doubts about being a capable young scientist. D. Worries about tough working conditions in the lab. 5. What does Audrey Sabbagh imply in paragraph 3? A. Research comes out of a change in thinking. B. Good research cannot harm the environment. C. Research should be aimed at improving life. D. Excellence and responsibility cannot coexist. 6. What did the results of the Labos 1.5 tool calculation suggest? A. The lab’s carbon footprint was less serious than expected. B. The previous assumptions and practices were largely accurate. C. Lab supplies and equipment were the main source of lab emissions. D. Travelling and heating accounted for the majority of the pollution. 7. What did the author finally come to realize? A. Safety always comes first in science. B. Scientific work requires practical skills. C. Success in science needs careful action. D. Small changes can promote sustainability. C If the joy of seeing butterflies seems increasingly rare these days, it isn’t a false impression. From 2000 to 2020, the number of butterflies fell by 22% across the continental United States. That’s 1 in 5 butterflies lost. Overall, nearly one-third of the 342 butterfly species we were able to study declined by more than half. Twenty-two species fell by more than 90%. Some species’ numbers are dropping faster than others. The West Coast Lady, a fairly widespread species across the western U.S., dropped by 80% in 20 years. Butterflies are beautiful. They inspire people, from art to literature and poetry. They deserve to exist. They are also important for ecosystem function. Butterflies are pollinators (传花粉者), picking up pollen on their legs and bodies as they feed on nectar (花蜜) from one flower and carrying it to the next. In their earlier stage, they also play an important role in keeping plant growth in check. Butterflies can also serve as an indicator species that can warn of threats and trends in other insects. Butterfly populations can decline for a number of reasons. Habitat loss, insecticides, rising temperatures and drying landscapes can all harm these delicate insects. A study published in 2024found that a change in insecticide use was a major factor in driving butterfly declines in the Midwest over 17 years. Some butterfly species can have multiple generations per year, and depending on the environmental conditions, the number of generations can vary between years. This brings a bit of hope when it comes to butterfly conservation. Because they have such short generation times, even small conservation steps can make a big difference and we can see populations bounce back. The size and rate of biodiversity loss in the world right now can make one feel helpless. But while national and international efforts are needed to address the crisis, you can also take small actions that can have quick benefits, starting in your own backyard. 8. Why are the numbers in paragraph 2 mentioned? A. To show the loss of habitat for butterflies. B. To list the difficulty in protecting butterflies. C. To describe the distribution of butterflies in the U. S. D. To emphasize the sharp decline in butterfly population. 9. What is the third paragraph mainly about? A. The benefits of butterflies. B. The diversity of butterflies. C. The survival skills of butterflies in nature. D. The effects of butterflies on other insects. 10. What does the underlined word “This” in paragraph 5 refer to? A. Reducing threats to butterflies. B. Butterfly species’ variety. C. Butterflies’ high reproductive potential. D. Better environmental conditions. 11. What would be probably talked about in the following paragraphs? A. Individual effort to make a difference. B. Main reasons for the loss of butterflies. C. Government policies on butterfly conservation. D. International cooperation in protecting butterflies. D Nitrogen fertiliser (氮肥) is essential for modern agriculture but carries a heavy environmental price, contributing to water pollution and soil degradation. However, simply reducing its use is not a solution. Crops typically respond to nitrogen shortage by investing more in root growth to search for nutrients, often at the expense of shoot (茎叶) development and grain production. While adaptive in the wild, this root-shoot trade-off limits agricultural productivity. For decades, the gene behind this trade-off has been unknown. In a new study, researchers from Nanjing Agricultural University, the University of Oxford, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences not only identified the gene responsible, but demonstrated that modifying it in rice can ensure stable shoot growth and yields even when nitrogen levels are low. The breakthrough could ultimately reduce dependence on artificial fertilisers. In experiments, the team found that a gene in rice called WRINKLED1a has distinct roles in the shoot and root. In the shoot, it switches on NGR5, a key gene that promotes branching. In the roots, WRINKLED1a supports nitrogen uptake, but also prevents the formation of a protein complex that would otherwise limit root growth. Interestingly, WRINKLED1a does not prevent this protein complex in the shoot, showing that its roles are tissue-specific. From over 3,000 rice varieties, the team identified a naturally stronger version of the gene and used traditional plant breeding (育种) to cross it into varieties carrying a weaker form. Over three field trials in Hainan and Anhui provinces, China, rice plants with this improved version maintained a more stable root-to-shoot balance across different nitrogen conditions, resulting in a 23.7% yield increase under low fertiliser use and a 19.9% increase under high fertiliser use. Lead author Dr. Shan Li noted that WRINKLED1a helps rice avoid the usual “more roots, less shoot” situation under nitrogen limitation, supporting stable yields with lower nitrogen inputs. “The next step is to investigate whether similar genes in other crops, such as wheat and corn, can be used to achieve the same outcomes,” she added. 12. Which aspect of the root-shoot trade-off does the new study focus on? A. Its economic cost. B. Its nutritional demand. C. Its genetic mechanism. D. Its environmental impact. 13. What can we learn about WRINKLED1a? A. Its function varies in different tissues. B. Its effect is restricted to the shoot. C. It promotes protein complex formation. D. It reduces nitrogen levels in the roots. 14. What might the study help to do according to the text? A. Contribute to food diversity. B. Facilitate sustainable farming. C. Justify nitrogen fertiliser use. D. Advance rice breeding methods. 15. What do Dr. Shan Li’s words suggest? A. The limitation of the research. B. A challenge in applying the findings. C. The need to test the outcomes. D. A possible direction for further study. 第二节 七选五阅读(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I put on a headset, and within seconds I am somewhere else. Ice sheets float on dark water. Wind brushes past my ears, sharp and restless. In the distance, mountains glow (发光) under the moonlight. Moments later, I find myself inside a museum, leaning close to a painting I have never seen in real life. ___16___ This is the promise of virtual reality (VR): a world delivered to us without leaving home. There is much to appreciate in this form of travel. ___17___ There is no need to consider weather conditions, health issues or financial pressure. You may enter distant places at any moment and leave just as freely. For those restricted by schedule, health, or income, VR quietly removes barriers that traditional travel often sets in place. ___18___ Travelers wander through unfamiliar streets, sample local dishes, and engage face-to-face with people shaped by different traditions. Such encounters awaken the senses and create lasting memories. More importantly, they change how places feel to us, not just how we understand them. This distinction is clear, because learning about a destination is not the same as being there. Virtual travel offers designed scenes and programmed sensations, but it remains carefully controlled. Real travel, by contrast, is shaped by unpredictability. ___19___ In those unplanned moments, understanding becomes lived rather than recorded. Virtual reality will undoubtedly continue to evolve, enriching how we preview journeys and imagine distant worlds. Still, it cannot replace actual presence. Travel is not simply about seeing farther; it is also about feeling where you stand. ___20___ A. I am not moving, yet I am traveling. B. Yet real travel leaves a deeper mark. C. My feet ache as my journey stretches across the day. D. Virtual journeys are convenient, time-saving, and widely accessible. E. Some knowledge, it seems, only arrives when your feet are on the ground. F. It demands choices, adaptation, and constant awareness of the unexpected. G. But the convenience may gradually weaken our desire to explore the real world. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完型填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Despite my successful career, performance anxiety has been my constant companion. It first struck during an exam at university. For thirty minutes, my mind went completely blank, unable to ____21____ a single word from the paper. Although I ____22____ recovered and achieved a decent result, the regret remained: what if I hadn’t ____23____? Years later, as a professional, I frequently gave ____24____. Usually, a few deep breaths would calm my nerves. However, one day, while heading to address students on how to improve learning efficiency, I ____25____ the subway exit. The mistake ____26____ me precious time, and I rushed into the hall just five minutes before the start. Seeing the audience already ____27____, I felt a wave of terror washing over me. This time, the breathing technique ____28____. When I finally began to speak, my voice shook uncontrollably. In that ____29____ moment, I made a sudden decision. I admitted my fear to the students. Immediately, their eyes filled with ____30____ instead of judgment. For the next ten minutes, I shared my story, explaining that everyone has weaknesses that may never be fully ____31____. I told them that no one is perfect, but ____32____ ourselves can make us better. The two-hour session ended with unexpected warmth. Later, a friend mentioned how ____33____ the students were to try the methods I shared. I explained that the success lay in my ____34____ interaction. Sometimes, what truly touches hearts is not a perfect speech, but the ____35____ to share our real selves. 21. A. take in B. bring up C. look for D. send out 22. A. actually B. eventually C. quickly D. suddenly 23. A. passed B. recovered C. panicked D. finished 24. A. advice B. feedback C. lectures D. performances 25. A. forgot B. found C. changed D. misjudged 26. A. cost B. won C. bought D. spared 27. A. bored B. seated C. chatting D. leaving 28. A. helped B. mattered C. responded D. failed 29. A. surprising B. desperate C. magical D. unforgettable 30. A. anger B. doubt C. curiosity D. sympathy 31. A. overcome B. forgiven C. understood D. neglected 32. A. behaving B. describing C. accepting D. loving 33. A. eager B. hesitant C. proud D. confused 34. A. meaningful B. inspiring C. casual D. honest 35. A. motivation B. courage C. technique D. determination 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lhamo Yudron was born into a family of embroiderers. She gained a reputation in the village for her exceptional needlework skills, with many soon-to-be brides turning to her for ____36____ (assist) in creating their dowries. However, she found that most local crafts were passed down by the older generation. Driven by an ambition ____37____ (carve) out a new path for the art, she woke up at 4 am every day to study embroidery theory. In 2009, Lhamo Yudron set up an embroidery company in her hometown and____38____ (transfer) the patterns from Tibetan costumes onto canvas, ____39____ (display) natural landscapes and wildlife through the art. Her artistic presentation combines legacies from the two ethnic groups____40____ is flexible in creating new patterns. In 2014, her distinct embroidery products began to gain global reputation. Over the past decade, Lhamo Yudron ____41____ (cooperate) with the Van Gogh Museum. Over a dozen established brands want to purchase the copyright of her design ____42____ a high price. She attributes the popularity of her work to the unique charm of Chinese ethnic culture. Today, Lhamo Yudron remains ____43____ (commit) to her mission, ensuring that this ancient art continues to evolve. “ ____44____ is traditional can become fashionable. The key is that we must learn to innovate because that is the best form of inheritance and the best way to give the past ____45____future,” she says. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，上周末你和同学们前往附近乡镇，拍摄并制作以乡村振兴为主题的短视频。请你给英国笔友Chris写一封邮件进行分享。内容包括： 1. 拍摄内容； 2. 你的收获。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, I’m writing to share with you my experience of shooting a short video on rural revitalization. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For our long-service leave, my husband and I decided to travel around Tasmania with our camper trailer (野营拖车). We were coming all the way across Western Australia to get there — not exactly a “lap of the map”, but still a big trip. We’d packed our bikes, surfboards and our dog. It was all going beautifully until we got to St Helens in Tasmania. We were looking forward to hitting the bike trails and the beach. But what was meant to be a fun day of mountain biking quickly turned into a stressful, late-night rescue when my husband broke his leg on the trail. Thanks to the incredible local emergency services, he was located, rescued and airlifted to hospital. As I watched him being flown off the mountain by helicopter, relief flooded through me — and then reality hit. I was now solely responsible for the dog, the vehicle and the camper trailer still set up back at the campsite. Packing up the trailer was a two-person job. My family and friends were 4,000 km away in Western Australia. And my dog needed a walk! The next day, new neighbours arrived at the campsite. Exhausted and worried, I managed a small smile as a man named Sam said hello and began setting up with his wife. I wondered what they thought — a solo woman with a dog, no partner in sight, and a camper trailer full of gear (齿轮). Eventually, Sam’s curiosity got the better of him. He asked a few gentle questions and, after two days of silent stress, the whole story poured out. Sam listened patiently, kindly. He nodded, said little, and returned to his own camp. That evening, he and his wife, Hillary, did something extraordinary. With no hesitation, they told me they’d pack everything up for me. “Tasmania has given us a warm hug, “they said. “Now we want to pass that hug on.” 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next morning, true to their word, they arrived ready to help. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ But their kindness didn’t stop there. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $