做高考真题，记高频单词DAY 2（议论文阅读）任务单-2027年高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单聚焦议论文阅读高频词汇，以真题语境为引领，按“核心词汇—词形变换—练习应用—语篇翻译—默写巩固”分层构建知识体系，通过选词填空、单词填空等任务驱动，引导学生自主梳理词汇用法及语境应用，形成系统的词汇网络。 亮点在于真题融合与多维度自测设计，如开篇真题再现帮助学生感知词汇考查情境，选词填空、单句语法填空及首字母拼写等分层练习诊断词汇掌握薄弱点，培养学生语言能力与学习能力。核心单词默写环节强化巩固，教师可依据练习结果精准指导，助力个性化复习与因材施教。

高考高频单词 DAY 2（议论文阅读） 板块1 真题再现 Passage 2（2022·全国二卷·高考真题） Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted driving was "only increasing, unfortunately." "Big change requires big ideas." he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. "We need something on the books that can change people's behavior," said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone." 28. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair. 29. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out? A. Where a driver came from. B. Whether a driver used their phone. C. How fast a driver was going. D. When a driver arrived at the scene. 30. What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to? A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. 31. What is a suitable title for the text? A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers D. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer 板块2 核心词汇（30个） 做高考真题，记高频单词 A genius is the person who repeats the most times! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ban /bæn/ vt. 禁止，取缔 text /tekst/ v. 发短信 driver /ˈdraɪvə(r)/ n. 驾驶员，司机 campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ n. 运动，活动 persuade /pəˈsweɪd/ vt. 说服，劝服 behind the wheel 在驾驶，开车 measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ n. 措施，标准 appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ vi. 似乎，出现 get worse 变得更糟，恶化 network /ˈnetwɜːk/ n. 网络，系统 road accident 交通事故 rise /raɪz/ vi. 上升，增长 sharply /ˈʃɑːpli/ adv. 急剧地，大幅度地 partly /ˈpɑːtli/ adv. 部分地，在一定程度上 chief /tʃiːf/ n. 首领，长官 distracted /dɪˈstræktɪd/ adj. 分心的，注意力分散的 improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ vt. 改善，提高 road safety 道路安全 behavior /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ n. 行为，举止 lawmaker /ˈlɔːmeɪkə(r)/ n. 立法者，议员 reach back to 追溯到，求助于 approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ n. 方法，途径 treat /triːt/ vt. 对待，处理 drunk /drʌŋk/ adj. 喝醉的 device /dɪˈvaɪs/ n. 设备，装置 scene /siːn/ n. 现场，场面 crash /kræʃ/ n. 碰撞，车祸 operating system 操作系统 determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ vt. 确定，查明 bill /bɪl/ n. 法案，议案 板块3 词形变换 1. ban /bæn/ vt. 禁止 —— banned /bænd/ adj. 被禁止的 —— banning /ˈbænɪŋ/ n. 禁止 2. text /tekst/ v. 发短信 —— texting /ˈtekstɪŋ/ n. 发短信 3. persuade /pəˈsweɪd/ vt. 说服 —— persuasion /pəˈsweɪʒn/ n. 说服 —— persuasive /pəˈsweɪsɪv/ adj. 有说服力的 4. measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ n. 措施 —— measurable /ˈmeʒərəbl/ adj. 可测量的 5. appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ vi. 似乎 —— appearance /əˈpɪərəns/ n. 外貌，出现 6. network /ˈnetwɜːk/ n. 网络 —— networking /ˈnetwɜːkɪŋ/ n. 联网，社交 7. rise /raɪz/ vi. 上升 —— raise /reɪz/ vt. 提高（注意形似） 8. sharp /ʃɑːp/ adj. 急剧的 —— sharply /ˈʃɑːpli/ adv. 急剧地 —— sharpen /ˈʃɑːpən/ vt. 使尖锐 9. distract /dɪˈstrækt/ vt. 使分心 —— distraction /dɪˈstrækʃn/ n. 分心 —— distracted /dɪˈstræktɪd/ adj. 分心的 10. improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ vt. 改善 —— improvement /ɪmˈpruːvmənt/ n. 改善 11. behave /bɪˈheɪv/ vi. 表现 —— behavior /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/ n. 行为 12. determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ vt. 确定 —— determination /dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 决心 —— determined /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ adj. 坚定的 板块4 选词填空 第一组（用所给词汇的正确形式填空，每词限用一次） ban text driver campaign persuade measure appear network accident rise 1. The government has launched a public ________ to reduce the number of road accidents. 2. It is difficult to ________ young people not to use their phones while driving. 3. The number of cars on the road has continued to ________ over the past decade. 4. The new ________ against using mobile phones while driving came into effect last month. 5. Many ________ are still unaware of the dangers of distracted driving. 6. The two cities are connected by an extensive railway ________. 7. She ________ to be very calm after the car crash, but inside she was terrified. 8. Safety ________ must be taken to prevent such accidents from happening again. 9. He was fined for ________ while driving on the highway. 10. The road ________ occurred at the crossroads due to the driver's carelessness. 第二组（用所给词汇的正确形式填空，每词限用一次） distracted improve behavior lawmaker approach treat drunk device determine bill 11. The government is expected to pass a new ________ to regulate the use of electronic devices in cars. 12. Many ________ are calling for stricter laws against distracted driving. 13. The new ________ is designed to help police check whether drivers have been using their phones. 14. We need a different ________ to solving the problem of road safety. 15. Research shows that ________ driving is as dangerous as drunk driving. 16. The police are trying to ________ the cause of the accident by examining the phone records. 17. Drivers who are caught ________ will lose their license immediately. 18. The school has taken steps to improve students' ________ in the classroom. 19. The government should ________ the problem of traffic congestion as a top priority. 20. The city has made great efforts to ________ its public transport system. 板块5 单词填空 类型一：单句语法填空（用括号内所给词的正确形式填空） 21. The new policy aims at ________ (reduce) the number of traffic accidents caused by distracted driving. 22. Many drivers are unaware of the ________ (danger) of texting while driving. 23. The police officer used the device to check the phone's operating system for recent ________ (active). 24. The ________ (propose) law has received strong support from road safety organizations. 25. The number of road accidents has been ________ (sharp) increasing over the past few years. 26. It is ________ (legal) to use a hand-held phone while driving in many countries. 27. The government's ________ (persuade) efforts seem to have had little effect on drivers' behavior. 28. The driver was found ________ (text) at the time of the accident. 29. The new device could help ________ (determination) whether a driver was using their phone. 30. The lawmakers reached back to an old ________ (approach) to deal with the modern problem. 类型二：首字母单词拼写（根据首字母及句意补全单词） 31. The government has b________ the use of mobile phones while driving to reduce accidents. 32. Despite various c________, many people still text while driving. 33. The number of road accidents is r________ sharply, which concerns the public. 34. The police officer arrived at the s________ of the crash within minutes. 35. The new d________ can check whether a driver has recently used their phone. 36. To improve road s________, strict laws must be enforced. 37. The lawmakers are pushing for a new b________ that would allow police to check drivers' phones. 38. The chief of the safety administration said d________ driving is on the rise. 39. Many p________ are still not convinced by the public service advertisements. 40. The court will d________ whether the driver was responsible for the accident. 板块6 语篇翻译（英译汉，核心单词或短语用黑体标出） Passage A Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Passage B That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted driving was "only increasing, unfortunately." So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. Passage C An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. 板块7 参考译文 在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止了司机发短信，公共服务运动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化。美国人仍然在开车时发短信、使用社交网络和拍照。多年来一直下降的道路交通事故，现在却在急剧增加。 部分原因是人们开车更多了，但美国国家公路交通安全管理局局长马克·罗斯金德表示，分心驾驶"不幸地只增不减"。"巨大的变化需要巨大的想法，"他在上个月的一次演讲中说，广泛地提到了改善道路安全的必要性。因此，为了改变一种明显的现代行为，立法者和公共卫生专家正在求助于一种古老的方法：他们想把分心驾驶视为酒后驾驶。 纽约立法者提出的一个想法是给警察一种名为"短信分析仪"的新设备。它的工作原理是这样的：到达事故现场的警察可以要求司机交出手机，并使用短信分析仪检查操作系统中的近期活动。这项技术可以确定司机是否刚刚发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的任何其他事情。 "我们需要一些能改变人们行为的法律条文，"推动该州2001年禁止司机手持设备法案的费利克斯·W·奥尔蒂斯说。他说，如果短信分析仪法案成为法律，"人们会更加害怕把手机拿在手里。" 板块8 核心单词默写 ban ________ text ________ driver ________ campaign ________ persuade ________ behind the wheel ________ measure ________ appear ________ get worse ________ network ________ road accident ________ rise ________ sharply ________ partly ________ chief ________ distracted ________ improve ________ road safety ________ behavior ________ lawmaker ________ reach back to ________ approach ________ treat ________ drunk ________ device ________ scene ________ crash ________ operating system ________ determine ________ bill ________ 【参考答案】 板块1 真题再现 答案 28．A 29．B 30．D 31. B 【导语】本文为议论文，介绍美国多数州已立法禁止司机开车发短信，但分心驾驶问题愈发严重、车祸激增；纽约议员提出新型设备Textalyzer，可现场检测司机手机使用记录，依靠立法威慑减少开车玩手机行为。 【28题详解】A.推理判断题。根据第一段中"Over the last seven years most states have banned texting by drivers and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel."(在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。)以及第二段中Yet the problem,by just about any measure ,appears to be getting worse.(然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化。)可知，大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机，可是情况却越来越糟糕。所以各种方法是无效的。A选项ineffective意为"无效的"，与此相符。A.Ineffective无效的;B.Unnecessary不必要的:C.Inconsistent不一致的;D.Unfair不公平的。故选A。 【29题详解】B.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted,emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.(这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情。)可知，Textalyzer能够确定的是司机是否使用了手机发短信、邮件以及其他驾驶法不允许的行为。故选B。 【30题详解】D.代词指代题。根据句中的We need something on the books that can change people's behavior.(我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西，)可知，something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的If the Textalyzer bill becomes law,he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.(他说，如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，"人们会更害怕拿起手机。)可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。收到法律的约束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机，故something指代的是法律。A.Advice建议:B.Data数据:C.Tests测试;D.Laws法律。故选D。 【31题详解】B.标题判断题。纵观全文，第一段和第二段阐述的是"虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。可是问题却越来越严重"。第三段中That is partly because people are driving more.(部分原因是开车的人越来越多)可知，解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用Textalyzer技术，来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是:相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案由此才能真正的改变人们的行为。故B选项Texting and Driving?Watch Out for the Textalyzer(发短信还是在开车?防范短信监控器。)适合文章的标题。故选B。 板块4 选词填空 答案 第一组： 1. campaign 2. persuade 3. rise 4. ban 5. drivers 6. network 7. appears 8. measures 9. texting 10. accident 第二组： 11. bill 12. lawmakers 13. device 14. approach 15. distracted 16. determine 17. drunk 18. behavior 19. treat 20. improve 板块5 单词填空 答案 类型一（单句语法填空）： 1. reducing 2. dangers 3. activities 4. proposed 5. sharply 6. illegal 7. persuasive 8. texting 9. determine 10. approach 类型二（首字母单词拼写）： 11. banned 12. campaigns 13. rising 14. scene 15. device 16. safety 17. bill 18. distracted 19. people/persons/pedestrians 20. determine 板块6 语篇翻译 答案 Passage A： 在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止了司机发短信，公共服务运动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化。 Passage B： 这部分是因为人们开车更多了，但美国国家公路交通安全管理局局长马克·罗斯金德表示，分心驾驶"不幸地只增不减"。因此，为了改变一种明显的现代行为，立法者和公共卫生专家正在求助于一种古老的方法：他们想把分心驾驶视为酒后驾驶。 Passage C： 纽约立法者提出的一个想法是给警察一种新的设备，叫做"短信分析仪"。它的工作原理是这样的：到达事故 现场的警察可以要求司机交出手机，并使用短信分析仪检查操作系统中的近期活动。这项技术可以确定司机是否刚刚发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的任何其他事情。 板块8 核心单词默写 答案 1. 禁止，取缔 2. 发短信 3. 驾驶员，司机 4. 运动，活动 5. 说服，劝服 6. 在驾驶，开车 7. 措施，标准 8. 似乎，出现 9. 变得更糟，恶化 10. 网络，系统 11. 交通事故 12. 上升，增长 13. 急剧地，大幅度地 14. 部分地，在一定程度上 15. 首领，长官 16. 分心的，注意力分散的 17. 改善，提高 18. 道路安全 19. 行为，举止 20. 立法者，议员 21. 追溯到，求助于 22. 方法，途径 23. 对待，处理 24. 喝醉的 25. 设备，装置 26. 现场，场面 27. 碰撞，车祸 28. 操作系统 29. 确定，查明 30. 法案，议案 $