Unit 3 Famous People单元知识总结及重点易错（专项训练）-2026-2027学年重大版英语五年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦Unit 3核心词汇、句型及语法，以十大易错考点为纲，通过基础-提升-拓展三层训练，系统提炼解题规则，构建从词汇到语法的递进式知识逻辑，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇短语句型|单词5类、短语14个、句型8句|分类记忆法（按人物身份等）|词汇-短语-句型递进，夯实语言基础| |语法汇总|4大语法点（含规则）|语法规则归纳（如一般过去时结构）|规则讲解与考点应用结合，构建语法体系| |十大考点|10考点×9题（基础3+提升3+拓展3）|考点解题规则（如be动词选用规则）|分层训练巩固易错点，提升学习能力|

重大版五年级上册 Unit 3 Famous People · 核心考点与专项训练 重大版五年级上册 Unit 3 Famous People 单元知识总结及重点易错专项训练 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ 说明：本练习紧扣最新教材精选 10 个重点易错考点，每个考点含基础题×3、提升题×3、拓展题×3，共 90 题。 第一部分：重点单词汇总 ■ 一、人物身份类 astronaut 宇航员 scientist 科学家 farmer 农民 inventor 发明家 painter 画家 writer 作家 actor 演员 ■ 二、品质形容词类 brave 勇敢的 creative 有创造力的 curious 好奇的 famous 有名的 hard-working 勤奋的 modest 谦虚的 wise 明智的 ■ 三、动词类 fall 降落 grow 种植 fail 失败 invent 发明 paint 绘画 become 变成 learn 学习 ■ 四、名词/其他类 earth 地球 force 力量 head 头 dream 梦/梦想 life 一生 speech 演讲 college 大学 world 世界 ■ 五、状态/身体类 deaf 聋的 blind 失明的 born 出生 only 只有 true 真实的 other 另外的 第二部分：重点短语汇总 短语 中文释义 come true 实现（梦想） give up 放弃 try to do 努力做…… again and again 一次又一次 be curious about 对……感到好奇 be famous for 因……而闻名 learn from 向……学习 make speeches 发表演讲 grow better rice 种植更好的水稻 ask why 问为什么 in the world 在世界上 have enough to eat 有足够的食物 toiling farmers 辛勤劳作的农民 value food 珍惜粮食 第三部分：重点句型汇总 ★ Who is he / she? → 他/她是谁？ ★ He / She is a famous scientist. → 他/她是一位著名的科学家。 ★ What can we learn from him / her? → 我们能从他/她身上学到什么？ ★ To be brave / curious / hard-working. → 要勇敢/好奇/勤奋。 ★ He had a dream. His dream came true. → 他有一个梦想。他的梦想实现了。 ★ He failed many times, but he never gave up. → 他失败了很多次，但从不放弃。 ★ She was born in 1880. She became deaf and blind. → 她出生于1880年。她变得又聋又盲。 ★ Newton was a scientist. He was curious. → 牛顿是一位科学家。他很好奇。 第四部分：重点语法汇总 ● 一、一般过去时（Simple Past Tense） ▸ 用法：描述过去发生的动作或存在的状态。 ▸ 结构：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。 ▸ be动词变化：am/is → was；are → were。 ▸ 常见时间状语：in 1880, in 1903, last year, ...ago等。 ▸ 否定句：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他。 ▸ 疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ ● 二、动词过去式变化规则 ▸ 规则变化：直接加-ed（work→worked, learn→learned）。 ▸ 以不发音e结尾加-d（live→lived, like→liked）。 ▸ 辅音+y结尾，变y为i加-ed（study→studied）。 ▸ 重读闭音节双写末辅音加-ed（stop→stopped）。 ▸ 不规则变化需记忆（come→came, have→had, go→went, be→was/were）。 ● 三、职业名词构词法 ▸ 动词 + -or → 名词（invent → inventor, act → actor）。 ▸ 动词 + -er → 名词（paint → painter, write → writer, farm → farmer）。 ▸ 表示学科/身份 + -ist（science → scientist, art → artist）。 ● 四、be famous for / learn from 用法 ▸ be famous for + 事物（因……而出名）。 ▸ learn from + 人（向某人学习）。 ▸ learn to do sth.（学习做某事）。 ● 五、come true 与 give up 短语 ▸ come true 仅用于梦想/愿望实现（dream come true）。 ▸ give up + 名词/动名词（give up smoking, give up the plan）。 ▸ never give up 永不放弃（常用励志表达）。 ● 六、感叹句与祈使句 ▸ What + a/an + adj + n!（What a brave man!） ▸ To be + adj.（To be curious. 祈使句表建议） ▸ Don't give up.（否定祈使句） 第五部分：十大易错考点专项训练 🔥 考点一：一般过去时的be动词(was/were)选用 规则：I/he/she/it/单数名词 → was；you/we/they/复数名词 → were。常与in 1880, in 1903, ...ago等过去时间状语连用。 ◇ 【基础题（选择题）】 ◇（ ）1. （ ）Newton ______ a famous scientist in the 17th century. A. is B. was C. are D. were ◇（ ）2. （ ）Olivia and Lily ______ at home yesterday afternoon. A. was B. is C. were D. are ◇（ ）3. （ ）Chen Wei ______ born in 2014. A. is B. was C. are D. were ▷ 【提升题（选择题）】 ▷（ ）1. （ ）Helen Keller ______ deaf and blind after she was two years old. A. become B. becomes C. became D. becoming ▷（ ）2. （ ）The farmers ______ very tired after working in the field all day. A. is B. was C. are D. were ▷（ ）3. （ ）—______ your parents at the farm last weekend? —Yes, they ______. A. Was; was B. Were; were C. Are; are D. Did; did ★ 【拓展题（选择题）】 ★（ ）1. （ ）Zhou Kai told me that he ______ very excited when he met the famous inventor. A. is B. was C. are D. were ★（ ）2. （ ）Bella said the food in Xiamen ______ delicious when she visited there last summer. A. is B. was C. are D. were ★（ ）3. （ ）Neither Zhang Hao nor Jam ______ late for school yesterday. A. was B. were C. is D. are 🔥 考点二：实义动词过去式（规则与不规则变化） 规则变化：直接+ed / e结尾+d / 辅音+y变i+ed。不规则变化：come→came, have→had, go→went, fall→fell, become→became, learn→learned/learnt, fail→failed。 ◇ 【基础题（选择题）】 ◇（ ）1. （ ）Newton ______ under an apple tree and saw an apple fall. A. sit B. sits C. sat D. sitting ◇（ ）2. （ ）Yuan Longping ______ hard to grow better rice. A. work B. works C. worked D. working ◇（ ）3. （ ）Helen Keller ______ to read and write with the help of her teacher. A. learns B. learned C. learn D. learning ▷ 【提升题（选择题）】 ▷（ ）1. （ ）Many people saw apples fall, but only Newton asked ______. A. why B. what C. how D. when ▷（ ）2. （ ）Chen Wei ______ three thousand times before he succeeded in the experiment. A. fail B. fails C. failed D. failing ▷（ ）3. （ ）The word 'fell' is the past tense of '______'. A. fall B. feel C. fill D. full ★ 【拓展题（选择题）】 ★（ ）1. （ ）Olivia told me she ______ a dream that her dream of becoming an astronaut would come true. A. has B. had C. have D. haves ★（ ）2. （ ）Jam said he ______ his homework last night, but his mother found he ______ computer games instead. A. finished; played B. finishes; plays C. finished; plays D. finishes; played ★（ ）3. （ ）Which of the following is NOT a correct past tense form? A. come → came B. grow → grew C. study → studyed D. stop → stopped 🔥 考点三：一般过去时的否定句与疑问句 否定句：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他。疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？回答：Yes, 主语 + did. / No, 主语 + didn't. ◇ 【基础题（选择题）】 ◇（ ）1. （ ）Olivia ______ give up even though she failed many times. A. don't B. doesn't C. didn't D. isn't ◇（ ）2. （ ）—Did Chen Wei learn English last year? —______. A. Yes, he is B. Yes, he did C. Yes, he does D. Yes, he was ◇（ ）3. （ ）Lily and Zhang Hao ______ to the farm yesterday. A. didn't go B. don't go C. doesn't go D. not go ▷ 【提升题（选择题）】 ▷（ ）1. （ ）—______ Newton ______ why the apple fell? —Yes, he did. A. Do; ask B. Does; ask C. Did; asked D. Did; ask ▷（ ）2. （ ）Bella ______ hard at school, so she didn't pass the exam. A. study B. studies C. didn't study D. doesn't study ▷（ ）3. （ ）______ Jam and Zhou Kai visit the science museum last week? A. Do B. Does C. Did D. Are ★ 【拓展题（选择题）】 ★（ ）1. （ ）—______ you ______ what to learn from Helen Keller? —No, I ______. A. Did; decided; didn't B. Do; decide; don't C. Did; decide; didn't D. Does; decide; doesn't ★（ ）2. （ ）Which sentence is correct? A. She didn't went to school. B. She didn't go to school. C. She doesn't went to school. D. She wasn't went to school. ★（ ）3. （ ）—I heard Jam ______ to Kunming last summer. —Really? I ______ he went to Wuhan. A. went; thought B. goes; think C. went; think D. go; thought 🔥 考点四：职业名词构词法（-or / -er / -ist） invent→inventor（发明家）；paint→painter（画家）；write→writer（作家）；farm→farmer（农民）；act→actor（演员）；science→scientist（科学家）；art→artist（艺术家）。 ◇ 【基础题（选择题）】 ◇（ ）1. （ ）Edison was a great ______. He ______ many things. A. invent; invented B. inventor; invented C. inventor; invent D. invent; invents ◇（ ）2. （ ）Van Gogh was a famous ______. He ______ many beautiful pictures. A. paint; painted B. painter; paints C. painter; painted D. painting; painted ◇（ ）3. （ ）Tu Youyou is a ______ who saved many lives. A. science B. scientist C. scientific D. scientifically ▷ 【提升题（选择题）】 ▷（ ）1. （ ）The ______ of the light bulb changed the world. The ______ was Edison. A. invent; invent B. inventor; invention C. invention; inventor D. invent; inventor ▷（ ）2. （ ）Which of the following is NOT formed by adding -er/-or/-ist? A. teacher B. doctor C. brave D. actor ▷（ ）3. （ ）Wang Yaping is a Chinese ______ who went into space. A. astronaut B. astronomer C. astrology D. atmosphere ★ 【拓展题（选择题）】 ★（ ）1. （ ）Complete the sentence: 'A person who grows crops is a ______. A person who creates art is an ______.' A. farm; art B. farmer; artist C. farming; art D. farmer; art ★（ ）2. （ ）The ______ (invent) of the telephone was Alexander Graham Bell. He was a great ______ (invent). A. invention; inventor B. inventor; invention C. invent; inventor D. invented; invention ★（ ）3. （ ）Choose the correct word chain: paint → painter; write → ______; act → ______. A. writer; actor B. writing; action C. wrote; acted D. writer; acting 🔥 考点五：come true / give up / try to do 短语辨析 come true（梦想实现，主语是dream）；give up + n./doing（放弃）；try to do（努力做）；never give up（永不放弃）；again and again（反复地）。 ◇ 【基础题（选择题）】 ◇（ ）1. （ ）Yuan Longping had a dream. At last, his dream ______. A. come true B. comes true C. came true D. coming true ◇（ ）2. （ ）Olivia failed many times, but she never ______. A. gives up B. gave up C. give up D. giving up ◇（ ）3. （ ）We should ______ hard even when things are difficult. A. try to study B. try study C. trying to study D. tried to study ▷ 【提升题（选择题）】 ▷（ ）1. （ ）'Never ______.' This is what we can learn from Yuan Longping. A. give up B. to give up C. giving up D. gave up ▷（ ）2. （ ）The phrase 'come true' is usually used with ______. A. people B. dreams C. food D. books ▷（ ）3. （ ）Chen Wei tried ______ a better plan for the project, but he failed at first. A. make B. making C. to make D. made ★ 【拓展题（选择题）】 ★（ ）1. （ ）Choose the sentence with the correct use of 'give up'. A. She gave up smoking last year. B. She gave up smoke last year. C. She gave up to smoke last year. D. She gave smoking up last year. ★（ ）2. （ ）If your dream doesn't ______ the first time, try again and again until it ______. A. come true; come true B. comes true; comes true C. come true; comes true D. comes true; come true ★（ ）3. （ ）Read and choose: 'He didn't ______ his dream of becoming a scientist.' A. give in B. give up C. give out D. give away 🔥 考点六：Who is he/she? What can we learn from...? 问答句型 Who is he/she? → He/She is a famous... What can we learn from him/her? → To be brave/curious/hard-working/never give up. ◇ 【基础题（选择题）】 ◇（ ）1. （ ）—______ is Newton? —He is a famous scientist. A. What B. Where C. Who D. How ◇（ ）2. （ ）—What can we learn from Helen Keller? —______. A. She was blind B. To never give up C. She wrote books D. She was born in 1880 ◇（ ）3. （ ）We can learn ______ Yuan Longping to be hard-working. A. to B. from C. with D. for ▷ 【提升题（选择题）】 ▷（ ）1. （ ）—Who ______ Wang Yaping? —She is a Chinese astronaut. She is very ______. A. is; brave B. does; bravely C. was; brave D. did; bravely ▷（ ）2. （ ）______ can we learn from brave people like Dong Cunrui? A. When B. Where C. What D. How ▷（ ）3. （ ）Olivia wants to be a scientist. She should learn ______ be curious about the world. A. from B. to C. with D. for ★ 【拓展题（选择题）】 ★（ ）1. （ ）Complete the dialogue: —______ is Tu Youyou famous for? —She is famous for finding a medicine to help sick people. A. Who B. What C. When D. Where ★（ ）2. （ ）Choose the best response: —What did Zhang Hao learn from reading about Newton? —______ A. Newton was a scientist. B. He learned to ask 'why' when things happen. C. Newton lived in England. D. Apples fall from trees. ★（ ）3. （ ）Read the timeline and answer: What can we learn from Helen Keller's life story? A. To be beautiful and young. B. That life is always easy. C. To be strong and never give up, even when life is hard. D. That blind people cannot learn. 🔥 考点七：born / became / died 等过去状态变化词 be born（出生，被动含义用was/were born）；become→became（变成）；die→died（死亡）；begin→began（开始）。注意这些词描述人生阶段或状态变化。 ◇ 【基础题（选择题）】 ◇（ ）1. （ ）Helen Keller was ______ in 1880 in the USA. A. born B. bear C. gave birth D. bore ◇（ ）2. （ ）Newton ______ a famous scientist when he grew up. A. becomes B. became C. become D. becoming ◇（ ）3. （ ）Helen Keller ______ in 1968. She was 88 years old. A. die B. dies C. died D. dead ▷ 【提升题（选择题）】 ▷（ ）1. （ ）Helen Keller became deaf and blind ______ she was only two years old. A. when B. what C. where D. who ▷（ ）2. （ ）Yuan Longping ______ his dream of feeding everyone in the world. A. achieve B. achieves C. achieved D. achieving ▷（ ）3. （ ）The baby panda ______ in the zoo last month. Visitors love it. A. is born B. was born C. were born D. are born ★ 【拓展题（选择题）】 ★（ ）1. （ ）Put the events in correct order: (a) Helen died (b) Helen was born (c) Helen became deaf and blind (d) Helen learned to read A. b→c→d→a B. a→b→c→d C. b→a→c→d D. c→b→d→a ★（ ）2. （ ）Which word CANNOT be used to fill in: 'She ______ a great writer at the age of 30.' A. became B. was C. turned into D. dead ★（ ）3. （ ）Bella's grandmother ______ in 2020. She had ______ for ten years before that. A. died; was ill B. dies; is ill C. died; ill D. dead; was ill 🔥 考点八：be famous for / be good at / be curious about 辨析 be famous for + 事物（因...而出名）；be good at + n./doing（擅长...）；be curious about + 事物（对...好奇）；be brave to do（勇敢做...）。 ◇ 【基础题（选择题）】 ◇（ ）1. （ ）Newton was famous ______ his discovery about gravity. A. at B. for C. in D. with ◇（ ）2. （ ）Chen Wei is good ______ maths. He always gets good grades. A. at B. in C. for D. with ◇（ ）3. （ ）Olivia is curious ______ how planes fly in the sky. A. at B. for C. about D. with ▷ 【提升题（选择题）】 ▷（ ）1. （ ）Read and choose: 'Jam is ______ painting pictures. He wants to be a painter.' A. famous for B. good at C. curious about D. afraid of ▷（ ）2. （ ）Tu Youyou is famous ______ finding artemisinin to treat malaria. A. at B. in C. for D. as ▷（ ）3. （ ）Lily is ______ asking questions in class. Her teacher likes her curiosity. A. good at B. famous for C. curious about D. interested in ★ 【拓展题（选择题）】 ★（ ）1. （ ）Choose the sentence with the CORRECT preposition. A. She is famous in painting. B. She is good in painting. C. She is good at painting. D. She is curious at painting. ★（ ）2. （ ）Complete: 'Zhang Hao wants to be a scientist. He is ______ science and always asks questions.' A. famous for B. good at C. curious about D. Both B and C ★（ ）3. （ ）Which is the best title for a passage about Edison? 'A Boy Who ______'. A. was famous for light B. was good at breaking things C. was curious about how things work D. was afraid of electricity 🔥 考点九：时间状语与过去时态匹配（in+年份/...ago/last...） 过去时间标志词：in 1880, in 1903, ...ago (three years ago), last week/year, yesterday, just now。出现这些词，动词必须用过去式。 ◇ 【基础题（选择题）】 ◇（ ）1. （ ）Helen Keller was born ______ 1880. A. on B. in C. at D. to ◇（ ）2. （ ）Olivia visited the museum ______ Sunday. A. in B. on C. at D. last ◇（ ）3. （ ）Yuan Longping worked hard ______ many years. A. since B. for C. in D. ago ▷ 【提升题（选择题）】 ▷（ ）1. （ ）Jam went to Jinan ______ 2023. He came back last month. A. on B. in C. at D. since ▷（ ）2. （ ）Lily ______ a letter to her friend three days ______. A. write; ago B. wrote; ago C. wrote; before D. writes; ago ▷（ ）3. （ ）Which sentence has a time expression that does NOT match the past tense? A. He went there yesterday. B. She will go there tomorrow. C. They visited us last week. D. I saw him just now. ★ 【拓展题（选择题）】 ★（ ）1. （ ）From 1964 ______ 1973, Yuan Longping tried ______ 3,000 times. A. to; for B. in; in C. from; to D. at; with ★（ ）2. （ ）Put the time words in order from earliest to latest: (a) in 1880 (b) in 1903 (c) in 1968 (d) in 1924 A. a→b→d→c B. c→b→d→a C. a→d→b→c D. b→a→d→c ★（ ）3. （ ）Bella said, 'I ______ to Wuhan two years ago, and I ______ there again next month.' A. go; will go B. went; go C. went; will go D. will go; went 🔥 考点十：情态动词could / can 表示能力（过去与现在） can（现在能力）→ could（过去能力）；could也用于委婉请求。描述过去能做/不能做某事用could/couldn't。 ◇ 【基础题（选择题）】 ◇（ ）1. （ ）Helen Keller couldn't see ______ hear after she was two. A. and B. or C. but D. so ◇（ ）2. （ ）Olivia ______ swim very well when she was six. A. can B. will C. could D. should ◇（ ）3. （ ）Chen Wei is only ten, but he ______ already speak three languages. A. can B. could C. will D. should ▷ 【提升题（选择题）】 ▷（ ）1. （ ）Helen Keller ______ read and write even though she was deaf and blind. A. can B. could C. will D. should ▷（ ）2. （ ）When Jam was young, he ______ run very fast. Now he ______ run even faster. A. can; could B. could; can C. can; can D. could; could ▷（ ）3. （ ）Which sentence means 'She was able to help others'? A. She can help others. B. She could help others. C. She will help others. D. She should help others. ★ 【拓展题（选择题）】 ★（ ）1. （ ）Choose the correct sentence with 'could'. A. She could to read when she was four. B. She could read when she was four. C. She could reading when she was four. D. She could reads when she was four. ★（ ）2. （ ）Lily asked ______ she ______ borrow my book about famous people. A. that; can B. if; could C. what; can D. whether; can ★（ ）3. （ ）Read and choose: 'When Zhou Kai was five, he ______ count to 100. Now he ______ do maths problems that are much harder.' A. can; can B. could; could C. could; can D. can; could 第六部分：参考答案与详细解析 考点一：一般过去时的be动词(was/were)选用 ◇ 1. B → Newton是单数人名，且描述过去的状态，用was。 ◇ 2. C → 主语是复数(Olivia and Lily)，且yesterday是过去时间，用were。 ◇ 3. B → be born用be动词的过去式，Chen Wei是单数，用was。 ▷ 4. C → 描述过去发生的变化，用一般过去时became。 ▷ 5. D → farmers是复数，描述过去的状态（after working暗示过去），用were。 ▷ 6. B → parents是复数，last weekend是过去时间，用Were；回答也用were。 ★ 7. B → 宾语从句中，主句told是过去时，从句也用过去时；he是单数，用was。 ★ 8. B → 间接引语中，visited是过去时，food是不可数名词用单数，用was。 ★ 9. A → neither...nor...就近原则，Jam是单数，yesterday用过去时，用was。 考点二：实义动词过去式（规则与不规则变化） ◇ 1. C → 描述过去动作，sit的过去式是sat。 ◇ 2. C → 描述袁隆平的过去事迹，work的过去式worked。 ◇ 3. B → 描述海伦·凯勒过去学会读写，learn的过去式learned。 ▷ 4. A → 课文原文：only Newton asked why。注意why本身不是过去式考点，但asked是。 ▷ 5. C → before从句暗示过去时间，fail的过去式failed。 ▷ 6. A → fall的过去式是fell，这是不规则变化。 ★ 7. B → told是过去时，从句用过去时had（have的过去式）。 ★ 8. A → said和last night都是过去时间，两个动作都用过去式finished和played。 ★ 9. C → study以辅音+y结尾，应变y为i再加ed→studied，不是studyed。 考点三：一般过去时的否定句与疑问句 ◇ 1. C → even though从句暗示过去，主语Olivia是第三人称但否定用didn't+动词原形give。 ◇ 2. B → Did提问用did回答，Yes, he did. ◇ 3. A → yesterday是过去时间，否定用didn't go。 ▷ 4. D → Did提问，后面动词用原形ask，不是asked。 ▷ 5. C → didn't pass暗示过去否定，用didn't study。 ▷ 6. C → last week是过去时间，visit是动词原形，用Did提问。 ★ 7. C → 过去语境，Did+主语+动词原形decide；否定回答didn't。 ★ 8. B → didn't后面必须用动词原形go，不能用went。 ★ 9. A → last summer用went；heard和went暗示过去，think的过去式thought。 考点四：职业名词构词法（-or / -er / -ist） ◇ 1. B → 第一空需要名词'inventor'；第二空描述过去，用invented。 ◇ 2. C → painter是画家（名词），painted是paint的过去式。 ◇ 3. B → scientist是科学家（人），science是科学（学科）。 ▷ 4. C → invention是发明物，inventor是发明者。灯泡的发明改变世界，发明者是爱迪生。 ▷ 5. C → brave是形容词'勇敢的'，不是职业名词。teacher/doctor/actor都是职业名词。 ▷ 6. A → astronaut是宇航员，astronomer是天文学家（不进入太空）。课文提到Wang Yaping是astronaut。 ★ 7. B → farm→farmer（农民），art→artist（艺术家）。注意冠词a/an的区别。 ★ 8. A → 第一空需要名词'invention'（发明物），第二空'inventor'（发明者）。 ★ 9. A → write→writer（作家），act→actor（演员），都是人+er/or形式。 考点五：come true / give up / try to do 短语辨析 ◇ 1. C → 描述过去事件，come的过去式came，用came true。 ◇ 2. B → failed是过去式，前后时态一致，用gave up。 ◇ 3. A → should后面用动词原形try，try to do sth.是固定搭配。 ▷ 4. A → Never give up是祈使句，用动词原形give up。 ▷ 5. c → come true专指梦想或愿望实现 ▷ 6. C → try to do sth.表示'努力做某事'，用to make。 ★ 7. A → give up + doing sth.，smoke的动名词是smoking。give up smoking戒烟。 ★ 8. B → 第一空主语dream是单数，用comes true；第二空until引导的从句主语it也是单数，用comes true。 ★ 9. B → give up放弃；give in屈服；give out分发/耗尽；give away赠送。根据语境选give up。 考点六：Who is he/she? What can we learn from...? 问答句型 ◇ 1. C → 询问人物身份用Who。 ◇ 2. B → What can we learn...?回答用To be...或To never give up等表示学习品质。 ◇ 3. B → learn from sb.是固定搭配，向某人学习。 ▷ 4. A → Who is...询问身份，用is；brave是形容词作表语，bravely是副词不能作表语。 ▷ 5. C → What can we learn...?是固定句型，问能从某人身上学到什么。 ▷ 6. B → learn to do sth.学习做某事。learn to be curious学会保持好奇。 ★ 7. B → be famous for表示因...出名，问'因什么而出名'用What...famous for。 ★ 8. B → What did he learn?应回答学到的品质或道理，B最符合语境。 ★ 9. C → 海伦·凯勒又聋又盲却取得巨大成就，启示我们要坚强、永不放弃。 考点七：born / became / died 等过去状态变化词 ◇ 1. A → be born是固定用法，表示出生，born是过去分词。 ◇ 2. B → 描述过去状态变化，become的过去式became。 ◇ 3. C → 描述过去事件，die的过去式died。注意dead是形容词不能作谓语。 ▷ 4. A → when引导时间状语从句，表示'当...时候'。became deaf and blind when she was two. ▷ 5. C → 描述袁隆平过去实现梦想，achieve的过去式achieved。 ▷ 6. B → baby panda是单数，last month是过去时间，用was born。 ★ 7. A → 课文时间线：1880 born → 1882 deaf & blind → 1887 learned to read → 1968 died。 ★ 8. D → dead是形容词，不能作谓语动词。became/was/turned into都可以表示'成为'。 ★ 9. A → died是谓语动词（过去式）；was ill是系表结构表示过去状态。had been ill也正确但选项中是was ill。 考点八：be famous for / be good at / be curious about 辨析 ◇ 1. B → be famous for因...而出名，固定搭配。 ◇ 2. A → be good at擅长...，固定搭配。 ◇ 3. C → be curious about对...好奇，固定搭配。 ▷ 4. B → Jam擅长画画，想成为画家，用be good at。 ▷ 5. C → 因发现青蒿素而出名，be famous for finding... ▷ 6. C → ask questions体现好奇心，be curious about符合语境。 ★ 7. C → good at正确；famous for（不是in）；curious about（不是at）。 ★ 8. D → 想当科学家+爱问问题=既good at又curious about科学，两者都对。 ★ 9. C → 爱迪生最好奇事物如何运作，这符合他成为发明家的品质。 考点九：时间状语与过去时态匹配（in+年份/...ago/last...） ◇ 1. B → 年份前用in，in 1880。 ◇ 2. D → last Sunday是固定表达'上周日'，不加介词。如果只说Sunday用on Sunday。 ◇ 3. B → for + 时间段（for many years），表示持续了多年。 ▷ 4. B → 2023是年份，前面用in。went是过去式与in 2023匹配。 ▷ 5. B → three days ago是过去时间，write的过去式wrote。 ▷ 6. B → will go是将来时，tomorrow是将来时间，与其他过去时+过去时间不一致。 ★ 7. A → from...to...从...到...；try for尝试（for表示目的）。课文：From 1964 to 1973, he failed about 3,000 times. ★ 8. A → 时间顺序：1880→1903→1924→1968，对应海伦·凯勒出生→写书→演讲→去世。 ★ 9. C → two years ago用过去式went；next month用将来时will go。 考点十：情态动词could / can 表示能力（过去与现在） ◇ 1. B → 否定句中并列用or，couldn't see or hear。 ◇ 2. C → when she was six是过去时间，用could表示过去的能力。 ◇ 3. A → is提示现在时，用can表示现在的能力。 ▷ 4. B → 描述海伦·凯勒过去的能力（尽管聋盲但能读写），用could。 ▷ 5. B → when...was young用could；Now用can。 ▷ 6. B → was able to = could，表示过去有能力帮助别人。 ★ 7. B → could后面跟动词原形read，不用to/ing/s。 ★ 8. B → asked是过去时，间接引语用if/whether引导，could代替can表示委婉请求。 ★ 9. C → when he was five用could；Now用can，体现从过去到现在的能力变化。 — 第 页 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $