2027届高考英语一轮复习语法填空-动词-词形转换-谓语动词专题讲义

该高中英语语法填空谓语动词专题讲义，聚焦时态（一般式、进行式、完成式）、语态、主谓一致核心考点，按“知识讲解-真题精讲-过关检测”逻辑架构，通过解题步骤指导（判断谓语、定时态语态、主谓一致）和真题实例分析，帮助学生系统突破语法填空难点，体现复习教学的系统性与针对性。 资料融合高考真题与名校模拟题，设置分层练习（一般式到完成式过关检测，巩固练习分真题和模拟），采用对比分析策略（如现在完成时与一般过去时用法对比）培养学生思维品质，通过“考点-方法-训练”闭环提升语言能力，为教师提供精准复习节奏把控依据，助力学生高效提升应考能力。

2027届高考英语一轮复习：语法填空-动词-词形转换-谓语动词专题讲义 一、知识讲解 谓语动词是英语句子的核心成分，表示主语的动作或状态。在语法填空中主要从三个维度进行考查：时态、语态和主谓一致。 1. 时态表示动作发生的时间，英语共有16种时态，高考重点考查以下几类： (1) 一般式：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时 (2) 进行式：现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时 (3) 完成式：现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时 2. 语态分为主动语态和被动语态。判断语态的关键在于主语与动词之间的关系：主语是动作的执行者用主动，主语是动作的承受者用被动。 3. 主谓一致：确保谓语动词的单复数形式与主语保持一致。 解题步骤： 1. 判断句子是否缺谓语 2. 确定时态（根据时间状语、上下文时态、语境） 3. 确定语态（主谓关系） 4. 注意主谓一致。 （一）一般式 一般式包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和过去将来时，是最基础的时态形式。 1. 一般现在时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are + done 【用法要点】 (1) 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与 always, usually, often, sometimes, every day 等连用。例：She usually gets up at six in the morning. (2) 表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然规律。例：The earth goes around the sun. (3) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时（主将从现）。例：I will tell him the news when he comes back. (4) 表示按计划或时刻表将要发生的动作（限于 come, go, leave, start, arrive 等动词）。例：The train leaves at 8:00 tomorrow morning. 【精讲真题】 As it ___________ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream. 【出处】2021年北京卷 【答案】connects 【解析】考查谓语动词时态及主谓一致。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语，应与本段整体时态一致，故用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填connects。句意：当它将事物联系起来时，你的大脑会把它们变成一个故事，然后你就会做个梦。 B篇是记叙文，文章讲述了在一个寒冷的夜晚山姆帮助一位老妇人回家的故事。 高考主谓一致易错提醒： (1) 形单意单：不定代词（everyone等）、不可数名词、主语从句作主语时，谓语用单数。 (2) 倒装错位：Here/There等倒装句中，谓语单复数由位于动词后的真正主语决定。 (3) 从句挂靠：定语从句谓语与先行词一致。 (4) 特殊原则：牢记“就远原则”（as well as）和“就近原则”（either...or...）。 2. 一般过去时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般过去时 did (V-ed/不规则) was/were + done 【用法要点】 (1) 表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与 yesterday, last week, in 2020, ago 等连用。例：He visited the museum last Sunday. (2) 表示过去一段时间内反复发生的动作。例：When I was a child, I often played in the park. (3) 在叙事文体中，一般过去时是最主要的叙事时态。 【精讲真题】 In cities, however, the gain ___________ (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. 【出处】2021年浙江卷 【答案】was 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。 句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3， 男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。 【高考易错提醒】 (1) 注意不规则动词的过去式形式，如 go→went, catch→caught, throw→threw 等。 (2) 区分一般过去时和现在完成时：一般过去时强调过去的动作本身，现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响。 (3) 被动语态中注意 was/were 的选择要与主语一致。 3. 一般将来时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般将来时 will/shall + do will/shall + be + done 【用法要点】 (1) 表示将来某一时间会发生的动作或状态。例：The conference will start next Monday. (2) be going to 结构表示计划或迹象表明将要发生的事。例：Look at those dark clouds. It is going to rain. 【高考易错提醒】 (1) 在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时（主将从现原则）。 (2) 一般将来时的被动语态 will be done 在高考语法填空中偶有出现，注意完整形式。 一般式过关检测 1. It ____________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 【出处】2021年全国甲卷 【答案】was built 【解析】考查谓语动词时态语态。句意：它最初是在唐代为保护这座城市而建的，现在已经完全修复。build和句子主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为it，故填was built。 2. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____________ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 【出处】2024年新高考I卷 【答案】walks 【解析】本题考查谓语动词的一般式。分析句子可知，主句缺少谓语，故空格处应填谓语动词；描述情况为客观事 实，故时态应为一般现在时；walk 此处译为陪伴，与主语构成主动关系，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数， 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。因此，答案填walks。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过 一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。 3. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____________ (be) Alaska Airlines. 【出处】2021年新高考II卷 【答案】was 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是阿拉斯加航空公司。分析句子可知，I wrote to是名词companies后的定语从句，由于从句缺少宾语，所以定语从句连词省略，因此可以判断出设空处是主句的谓语动词。根据定语从句的谓语动词"wrote" 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；在one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，故填was。 4. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ____________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 【出处】2023年全国甲卷 【答案】be employed 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的文学形式已经流传了几个世纪，今天仍然可以用来引起人们对重要事实的注意。and连接两个谓语动词，主语a simple literary form和并列谓语employ之间是被动关系，使用被动语态，空前是情态动词，所以be使用原形，故填be employed。 5. The mission, scheduled for launch in 2028, aims to bring Martian samples back to Earth, where advanced laboratory instruments ___________ (employ) to conduct comprehensive analyses, seeking to determine whether life ever existed — or may still exist — on Mars. 【出处】湖南长沙市雅礼中学2026届高三下学期年级月考英语试卷（八） 【答案】will be employed 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：这项任务计划于2028年发射，旨在将火星样本带回地球，地球上先进的实验室设备将被投入使用，开展全面分析，力求探明火星上是否曾经存在生命，或是如今仍有生命存在。instruments和employ是被动关系，且此处表示将要发生的事情，使用一般将来时的被动语态will be employed。 （二）进行式 进行式表示动作正在进行中，强调动作的持续性和未完成性。高考重点考查现在进行时和过去进行时。 1. 现在进行时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 现在进行时 am/is/are + doing am/is/are + being + done 【用法要点】 （1） 表示说话时正在进行的动作，常与 now, at the moment, look, listen 等连用。例：Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. （2） 表示现阶段正在进行但不一定在说话时刻发生的动作。例：I am reading a very interesting book these days. （3） 表示逐渐变化的过程，常与 get, become, grow, turn, change 等连用。例：The weather is getting warmer and warmer. （4） 与 always, constantly 等连用，表示反复出现的动作，带有感情色彩。例：He is always complaining about the food. 【精讲例题】 With uncertainty in the cultural and creative industries and job prospects being reshaped by AI, many ___________ (turn) to practical, hands-on skills. 【出处】2025年江苏省无锡市2025-2026学年高三上学期期末模拟 【答案】are turning 【解析】考查时态。句意：由于文化产业存在不确定性，且人工智能正在重塑就业前景，许多人开始注重培养实用的、实践性的技能。表当前正在发生的变化用现在进行时，主语为 many，谓语用复数。故填 are turning。 【高考易错提醒】 （1）注意区分现在进行时和一般现在时：进行时强调正在进行，一般时强调经常性或客观事实。 （2）某些动词一般不用于进行时，如 know, believe, want, need, like, love, hate 等表示心理状态的动词。 2. 过去进行时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 过去进行时 was/were + doing was/were + being + done 【用法要点】 （1） 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。例：At 8 o’clock last night, I was watching TV. （2） 过去进行时常与一般过去时配合使用，表示一个动作正在进行时另一个动作发生。例：While I was walking along the street, I met an old friend. 【精讲例题】 Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. 【出处】2022年新高考II卷 【答案】was fixing 【解析】考查谓语动词之过去进行时。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 【高考易错提醒】 (1) when 引导的时间状语从句中，如果从句动作是短暂的，用一般过去时；主句用过去进行时表示持续的动作。 (2) while 引导的从句通常用进行时态。 进行式过关检测 1. Some travelers ___________ (hurry) on their way in the thin fog, presenting a typical picture of the Qingming Festival. 【出处】2026届安徽省合肥一六八中学高三一模考试 【答案】are hurrying 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：一些旅客在薄雾中匆匆赶路，这正是清明节时常见的景象。空处为句子的谓语动词，画作《清明上河图》捕捉的是瞬间的动态画面 —— “旅客在薄雾中赶路”，因此用现在进行时。且主语 travelers 为复数，be 动词为 are。故填 are hurrying。 2. And instead of missing the child version of him, I saw the adult he (10) ___________ (become). 【出处】四川成都石室中学高2026届2025-2026学年度高三下期专项练习一 【答案】was becoming 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：我不再怀念儿时的他，而是看见了正在成长为大人的他。空处作谓语，强调当时 “正在逐渐成长为大人” 的过程，所以使用过去进行时，且主语为第三人称单数，所以 be 动词为 was。 3. Despite this, many Americans struggle just to put healthy food, or any food at all, on the table every day. One might think that a food shortage ___________ (happen) in America, but this is not the case. 【出处】2024届上海市杨浦区高三上学期一模 【答案】is happening 【解析】本题考查谓语动词的进行式。分析句子可知，空处为本句谓语动词，根据句子结构和上下文，happen是宾语 从句谓语动词，表示“现在正在发生”的事情，用现在进行时，从句主语a food shortage，从句谓语单数形 式。因此，答案填is happening。句意：有人可能会认为美国正在发生食物短缺，但事实并非如此。 （三）完成式 完成式表示动作在某一时间之前已经完成，或对某一时间产生影响。高考重点考查现在完成时和过去完成时，现在完成进行时也有涉及。 1. 现在完成时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 现在完成时 has/have + done has/have + been + done 【用法要点】 (1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与 already, yet, just, ever, never 等连用。例：I have already finished my homework. (2) 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与 for, since, so far, up to now 等连用。例：She has lived here since 2010. (3) 在 it is/has been + 时间段 + since... 句型中，主句用现在完成时。例：It has been three years since we graduated from high school. 【精讲例题】 Up to now, China ____________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【出处】2023年北京卷 【答案】has established 【解析】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now (到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 【高考易错提醒】 （1）现在完成时 vs 一般过去时：现在完成时强调对现在的影响，一般过去时只叙述过去的事。比较：I have lost my key.（现在还没找到）vs I lost my key yesterday.（只说昨天丢了） （2）注意 have been to（去过，已回来）和 have gone to（去了，未回来）的区别。 （3）since 和 for 的区别：since + 时间点，for + 时间段。 2. 过去完成时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 过去完成时 had + done had + been + done 【用法要点】 （1）表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。例：By the time I arrived, the meeting had already started. （2）常与 by, before, by the time, by the end of 等引导的过去时间状语连用。例：She had learned 2,000 English words by the end of last year. （3）在宾语从句中，如果主句是一般过去时，从句表示“过去的过去”要用过去完成时。 【精讲例题】 Years later, having moved to France, I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest ____________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【出处】2023年北京卷 【答案】arrived/had arrived 【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态arrived。也可以理解为find是过去发现，arrive发生在find之前，所以是过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填arrived/had arrived. 【高考易错提醒】 （1）过去完成时必须有一个明确的过去时间参照点，否则应使用一般过去时。 （2）had better do, would rather do 等固定结构不要误认为过去完成时。 3. 现在完成进行时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 现在完成进行时 has/have + been + doing has/have + been + being + done 【用法要点】 （1）表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，强调动作的持续性，可能仍在进行。例：I have been waiting for you for two hours. （2）与现在完成时的区别：现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性和未完成性，现在完成时强调结果。例：I have been reading this book.（还在读）vs I have read this book.（已读完） 【高考易错提醒】 （1）现在完成进行时在高考中出现频率较低，但需要注意与现在完成时的区分。 （2）常与 for, since, all day, all the time 等时间状语连用。 完成式过关检测 1. By then, I ___________ (find) my dream job already. 【出处】2026届北京西城区高三模拟测试 【答案】had found 【解析】考查时态。句意：到那时，我已经找到了自己理想的工作。此处 by then 表示 “到公司面临危机的那个时候”，公司面临危机 (company had a major crisis) 是过去的事情，找到工作发生在该动作之前，表示 “过去的过去” 用过去完成时 had found。 2. Since the beginning of this year, the district office ___________ (seek) to offer a cash voucher to residents aged 39 and below, who have received alopecia treatment. 【出处】2025届云南省丽江市高中毕业生复习统一检测（12月） 【答案】has sought/has been seeking 【解析】考查时态。句意：自今年年初以来，区厅一直在寻求向接受脱发治疗的 39 岁及以下居民提供现金券。这里考查谓语动词，根据Since the beginning of this year可知，此处用现在完成时，强调动作对现在的影响，或者用现在完成进行时，强调动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，且主语the district office是单数，与seek为主动关系。故填has sought或has been seeking。 3. We do not think that it ever happened before 1859, and we know that it ___________ (not happen) since then. 【出处】2022年上海卷 【答案】has not happened 【解析】考查现在完成时的否定结构。句意：我们不认为这种情况在 1859 年以前发生过，我们知道从那以后也没有发生过。此处的宾语从句缺谓语动词，结合“since”可知此处的时态为现在完成时，主语it表示单数意义，故填has not happened。 4. Roughly 200 academics — many of them climate scientists ___________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 【出处】2022年浙江卷1月 【答案】have promised 【解析】考查时态。句意：自两年前这项行动启动以来，大约200名学者 —— 其中许多是气候科学家 —— 已经承诺尽量减少乘坐飞机出行。promise“承诺”。根据时间状语“since the effort started two years ago”可知，强调动作从过去开始持续到现在，时态用现在完成时；主语200 academics为复数，助动词用have。故填have promised。 5. Smart technologies ___________ (add) to every aspect of the event so far. 【出处】T8联考2025-2026学年高三12月检测训练 【答案】have been added 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，智能技术已经渗透到活动的方方面面。根据时间状语so far可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态；主语 Smart technologies 是复数概念，与add之间是被动关系，所以空处需用现在完成时态的被动语态：have been done。故填have been added。 6. Yet by the Northern Song Dynasty, well-watered rice fields ___________ (carve) into slopes as steep as 40 degrees. 【出处】2026届云南省西南名校联考考前模拟 【答案】had been carved 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：但到北宋时期，人们已经在坡度高达 40 度的山坡上开凿出水源充足的稻田。根据时间状语 “Yet by the Northern Song Dynasty,” 可知，使用过去完成时，well-watered rice fields 和 carve 为被动关系，需用被动语态，空处需填 had been carved。 二、巩固练习 （一）高考真题 1. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___________ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. 【出处】2024年新高考II卷 【答案】was built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 2. We ___________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 【出处】2021年全国甲卷 【答案】hired 【解析】考查谓语动词时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填hired。 3. There ___________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 【出处】2021年北京卷 【答案】has been 【解析】考查谓语动词时态语态。本句为there be句式，根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知应用现在完成时，主语a dramatic rise为单数名词，故填has been。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，在过去20年中，极端天气事件的数量急剧上升，这主要是由全球气温上升引起的。 4. They ___________ (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 【出处】2024年全国甲卷 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 5. Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ___________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 【出处】2023年全国乙卷 【答案】was amazed 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。空格处为本句谓语动词，根据下文"how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing."可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 6. As a little girl, I ___________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 【出处】2023年新高考II卷 【答案】wished 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。 7. It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ___________ (consider) healthy. 【出处】2021年浙江卷 【答案】is considered 【解析】考查动词被动语态。 句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重（公斤）除以身高（米）的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填is considered. 8. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ___________ (feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars (柱子). 【出处】2023年浙江卷 【答案】featured 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这些高官和富商的大四合院通常以雕刻精美、彩绘精美的屋顶梁柱为特色。结合句意和并列连词后的painted可知，句子用一般过去时，需将提示词feature变成过去式，故填featured。 9. In the last five years, Cao ___________(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 【出处】2022年全国甲卷 【答案】has walked 【解析】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：在过去的五年里，曹步行穿越了六大洲的34个国家。本句时间状语是In the last five years，谓语动词应使用现在完成时，主语是Cao，是第三人称单数形式，故填has walked。 10. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___________ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. 【出处】2024年新高考II卷 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 11. Citizens of higher social classes ___________ (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. 【出处】2023年浙江卷 【答案】were permitted 【解析】考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：更高社会阶层的公民被允许居住在离圈子中心更近的地方。结合句意可知，此处在讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。分析句子，可知，主语为Citizens，是一个复数概念，因此谓语动词需用复数形式，且与permit之间是被动关系，故填were permitted。 12. When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___________ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 【出处】2024年北京卷 【答案】gives 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。 13. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ___________ (be) one of them. 【出处】2025年新高考II卷 【答案】is 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。 14. You can't help wondering how hard it ___________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 【出处】2021年新高考I卷 【答案】was 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：你不禁要问，当时的人们要把这些石头放好有多难，根据时间状语then，可知描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为it，故填was。 15. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— ___________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 【出处】2020年新高考I卷 【答案】touched 【解析】本题考查谓语动词的一般式。句意：无人探测器“嫦娥四号”——这一名字的灵感来源于中国古代的一位月亮女神——上周在（月球的）南极-艾特肯盆地着陆了。分析句子结构，全句的主语是The unmanned Chang'e-4 probe，设空处是句子的谓语，touch down（降落，着陆）与主语构成普通的主动关系，根据时间状语last week（上周）可知此处应使用一般过去时，综上，故填touched。 16. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 【出处】2022年新高考I卷 【答案】were 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量此前未受保护的区域，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入统一管理，以提高保护效率并减少管理上的不一致。that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 areas（复数），从句描述的是过去未被保护的状态，用一般过去时，be 动词用复数形式 were。故填 were。 17. What should ___________ (do) with such a beautiful place? 【出处】2024年全国甲卷 【答案】be done 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 18. Gas naturally ___________ (have) no recognisable smell. 【出处】2022年北京卷 【答案】has 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：煤气天然没有可识别的气味。描述客观事实，所以用一般现在时态，主语为不可数名词，故填has。 19. “The players’ personalities ___________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 【出处】2025年新高考I卷 【答案】are revealed 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players' personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 20. He quickly ___________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 【出处】2022年新高考II卷 【答案】threw 【解析】考查谓语动词之一般过去时。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并列结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去式为threw。故填threw。 21. Eventually, the man ___________ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 【出处】2022年北京卷 【答案】caught 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！描述过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时，故填caught。 22. To celebrate the festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___________ (address) the opening ceremony. 【出处】2022年全国乙卷 【答案】addressed 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上发言致辞。根据前文内容“a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday”可知，这里是陈述过去事情，所以用一般过去时。故填addressed。 23. Unexpectedly, a man ______ (step) forward, handed his card to the cashier and said, “Let me help pay for it.” 【出处】2026北京卷 【答案】stepped 【解析】考查时态。此空与handed和said由and连接，作并列谓语，三个动作表顺承关系，都发生在过去，要用一般过去时，step的过去式是stepped。 24. As transportation and communication ___________ (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily necessities. 【出处】2026年新高考I卷 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：由于当时交通和通讯都不发达，家家户户很难买到日常必需品。提示词作谓语，时间状语“In the old days”表明用一般过去时态，主语“transportation and communication”为复数概念，谓语用复数形式were。 25. The GPNP ___________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, (6) leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. 【出处】2022年新高考I卷 【答案】is designed 【解析】考查谓语动词时态语态。句子缺少谓语动词，GPNP与design之间是被动关系，且描述事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。主语GPNP为单数形式，故填is designed。句意：GPNP旨在体现"保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产"的指导原则。 26. The use of those plastics ___________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. 【出处】2022年北京卷 【答案】has increased 【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自2019年以来，这些塑料的使用增加了300%。since常和现在完成时态连用，主语the use为单数概念，故填has increased。 27. But Cobb and others ___________ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and changing their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. 【出处】2022年浙江卷1月 【答案】are 【解析】本题考查谓语动词的一般式。分析句子可知，空处为本句谓语动词，根据时间标志词now可知，此处也应使 用现在进行时，主语为复数，因此，答案填are。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议 提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。 28. Now, I ______ (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 【出处】2026年新高考II卷 【答案】am supposed 【解析】考查固定搭配和时态。固定搭配be supposed to do"应该做某事"，主语为I，描述现在的状态，用一般现在时，be动词用am。 （二）名校模拟 1. However, in recent years, performers in some modern troupes ___________ (commit) themselves to creating special martial arts robot performances with technological aid, which requires significant investment and patience. 【出处】浙江宁波市镇海中学2025-2026学年高三上学期模拟预测 【答案】have committed 【解析】考查时态。句意：然而，近年来，一些现代表演团的表演者致力于借助科技打造特色武术机器人表演，这需要大量的投入与耐心。根据时间状语 in recent years 可知，句子用现在完成时，主语 performers 为复数，空处需填 have committed。 2. Since decades ago, the government ___________ (advocate) green buildings, promoting environmentally- friendly practice. 【出处】2024届广东省广州市高三一模考试 【答案】has been advocating / has advocated 【解析】本题考查谓语动词。解题步骤：1. 判断词性及考点。提示词为动词, 考虑谓语动词/非谓语动词/词性变化。2. 判断词形。本句中除空格外没有谓语动词，因此空格处应填谓语动词，考虑时态/语态/主谓一致。句意：从几十年前开始，政府就提倡绿色建筑，提倡环保的做法。根据前文的时间词Since decades ago可知时态为现在完成时，主语the government为单数，和动词advocate (拥护；提倡) 之间是主动关系，综合得出动词用has done的形式，故填has advocated。 3. Our school has a tradition of organizing annual Labor Day, a day that ___________ (devote) to teaching us the value of physical work. 【出处】福建省厦门外国语学校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 【答案】is devoted 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：我们学校有这样一个传统，每年都会举办劳动节活动，这一天旨在教导我们重视体力劳动的价值。be devoted to意为“致力于”，先行词a day为单数，且句子描述的是学校的常规传统，用一般现在时，be动词用is。故填is devoted。 4. Many years later, I am certain that the memory I had thought long buried — the same memory of her stained hands and her whisper about beauty, which I had so often tried to suppress from my conscious mind — sprang back that cold December evening, bringing her smile and the smell of wet wool, as if no time ___________ (pass) at all. 【出处】2026届湖北黄冈中学高三年级5月第三次模拟考试 【答案】had passed 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：直译：多年以后，我确信，那段我以为早已尘封的回忆 —— 那些关于她沾着污渍的双手、以及她对美的低语的片段，我曾无数次试图将其从脑海中抹去 —— 在那个寒冷的冬夜再度浮现，伴着她的笑容与潮湿毛料的气息，仿佛岁月从未流逝。此处为谓语动词，pass 的动作发生在主句动作 sprang back 之前，属于过去的过去，要用过去完成时，结构为 “had + 过去分词”，所以用 had passed。 5. I ___________ (look) for a sign for the cafeteria when my eye was caught by an oil painting. 【出处】2026届湖南长沙市第一中学高三第十次月考英语试卷 【答案】was looking 【解析】考查时态。句意：我正在寻找餐厅的指示牌，这时我的目光被一幅油画吸引住了。此处为句型 sb. be doing sth. when…，结合后文 when my eye was caught by an oil painting 可知应用过去进行时，主语为 I，谓语用单数。 6. Despite the early start, the air was already hot and soupy, which my son used as an excuse to head straight for a convenience store and buy one of the many drinks he ___________ (remember) from all those years before. 【出处】四川成都石室中学高2026届2025-2026学年度高三下期专项练习一 【答案】had remembered 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：尽管出发得很早，空气却早已闷热潮湿，儿子就以此为借口，径直走进便利店，买了一瓶他多年前就记着的众多饮品之一。空处作谓语，根据时间状语 from all those years before 可知，此处表示 “过去的过去”，所以使用过去完成时。故填 had remembered。 7. Durian is a typical tropical crop that grows in warm, humid environments, with a suitable growth temperature usually between 25℃ and 30℃, and ___________ (have) strict requirements for water, soil, and sunlight. 【出处】2026届四川省成都市高中第一次诊断性检测英语试题 【答案】has 【解析】考查时态。句意：榴莲是一种典型的热带作物，它生长在温暖潮湿的环境中，适宜的生长温度通常在25℃至30℃之间，并且对水分、土壤和阳光有着严格的要求。根据上文is可知为一般现在时，主语为Durian，谓语用三单形式。故填has。 8. The description of objects in Chinese paintings is by no means accurate because few painters ___________ (concern) about their exact size or shape. 【出处】2024届江苏省泰州市高三下学期调研测试（一模） 【答案】are concerned 【解析】本题考查谓语动词的一般式。分析句子可知，空处为本句谓语动词，be concerned about 意为“关心、挂念”。根据语境描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为复数，故填 are concerned。 9. Nowadays, with the cost of living rising, young people ___________ (suffer) from greater loneliness and pressure. 【出处】2020年北京海淀区一模 【答案】are suffering 【解析】本题考查谓语动词的进行式。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应填动词；其主语为young people，二者之间为主动关系，应用主动语态；根据时间状语Nowadays和语境可知，此处指中国年轻人正在承受着更大的孤独和压力，所以用现在进行时am/is/are doing结构；主语young people是复数，故谓语也用复数。因此，答案填are suffering。句意：如今，随着生活成本的上升，年轻人正遭受着更大的孤独和压力。 10. What excites the organizing committee is that The Peony Pavilion ___________ (attract) a growing young audience since its first performance in Beijing. 【出处】2024届广东省河源中学高三上学期一调考试 【答案】has attracted / has been attracting 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：令组委会兴奋的是，《牡丹亭》自首次在北京演出以来，吸引了越来越多的年轻观众。根据时间状语since its first performance in Beijing可知，谓语动词attract应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时；从句主语The Peony Pavilion为第三人称单数，助动词使用has。故填has attracted或has been attracting。 11. In recent times, tanghulu makers ___________ (add) variety to this traditional snack by using other fruits such as cherries, strawberries, pineapples or grapes. 【出处】2024届江苏省南通等六市高三第一次模拟考试 【答案】have added 【解析】本题考查谓语动词的完成式。分析句子可知，空处为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语In recent times可知用现在完成时，主语是复数且与add构成主动关系。因此，答案填have added。句意：近年来，糖葫芦制造者通过使用樱桃、草莓、菠萝或葡萄等其他水果为这一传统小吃增添了多样性。 12. It is said that since January, goods with dragon-themed elements, such as daily necessities, alcohol and gold jewelry, ___________ (prefer) by consumers. 【出处】2024届山东省青岛市高三一模考试 【答案】have been preferred 【解析】本题考查谓语动词的完成式。分析句子可知，空处为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“since January”可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语goods和prefer为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，助动词使用have。因此，答案填have been preferred。句意：据说，自1月份以来，带有龙主题元素的商品，如日用品、酒类和黄金首饰，受到了消费者的青睐。 13. Since 1994, when the MRCTCM was established by the Chinese and Maltese governments, more than 200,000 Maltese patients ___________ (provide) TCM treatment by 18 Chinese medical teams composed of over 100 physicians. 【出处】湖南省长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 【答案】have been provided 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：自 1994 年中国和马耳他两国政府共同建立马耳他 - 中国传统医学中心以来，已有超过 20 万名马耳他患者接受了由中国 18 支医疗团队提供的中医治疗，这些医疗团队由 100 多名医生组成。主语 more than 200,000 Maltese patients 与谓语动词 provide 之间是被动关系，即病人被提供治疗。Since 1994 是现在完成时的典型标志，表示动作从过去某一时间点开始，持续到现在并强调其对现在的影响或结果。所以此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，故填 have been provided。 14. The autonomous bus, part of a pilot program by Jinan Public Transport Group, ___________ (undergo) tests on a 6.4-kilometer route by the middle of 2025. 【出处】山东省名校联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 【答案】had undergone 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这款自动驾驶巴士是济南公共交通集团试点项目的一部分，到 2025 年年中，已经在 6.4 公里的路线上进行了测试。空处作句子的谓语，根据 “by the middle of 2025” 可知，句子描述在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，应用过去完成时。故填 had undergone。 15. Over the past decade, Wiggin ___________ (publish) hundreds of vlogs on social media platforms, sharing genuine and objective perspectives on China to promote cultural exchange and deepen global understanding of the country. 【出处】湖北省十一校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月质量检测 【答案】has published 【解析】考查时态。句意：在过去十年里，威金在社交媒体平台上发布了数百个视频博客，分享了关于中国的真实且客观的观点，以促进文化交流并加深全球对这个国家的了解。根据时间状语 over the past decade 可知为现在完成时，主语为 Wiggin，助动词用 has。故填 has published。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027届高考英语一轮复习：语法填空-动词-词形转换-谓语动词专题讲义 一、知识讲解 谓语动词是英语句子的核心成分，表示主语的动作或状态。在语法填空中主要从三个维度进行考查：时态、语态和主谓一致。 1. 时态表示动作发生的时间，英语共有16种时态，高考重点考查以下几类： (1) 一般式：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时 (2) 进行式：现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时 (3) 完成式：现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时 2. 语态分为主动语态和被动语态。判断语态的关键在于主语与动词之间的关系：主语是动作的执行者用主动，主语是动作的承受者用被动。 3. 主谓一致：确保谓语动词的单复数形式与主语保持一致。 解题步骤： 1. 判断句子是否缺谓语 2. 确定时态（根据时间状语、上下文时态、语境） 3. 确定语态（主谓关系） 4. 注意主谓一致。 （一）一般式 一般式包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和过去将来时，是最基础的时态形式。 1. 一般现在时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are + done 【用法要点】 (1) 表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与 always, usually, often, sometimes, every day 等连用。例：She usually gets up at six in the morning. (2) 表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然规律。例：The earth goes around the sun. (3) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时（主将从现）。例：I will tell him the news when he comes back. (4) 表示按计划或时刻表将要发生的动作（限于 come, go, leave, start, arrive 等动词）。例：The train leaves at 8:00 tomorrow morning. 【精讲真题】 As it ___________ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream. 【出处】2021年北京卷 高考主谓一致易错提醒： (1) 形单意单：不定代词（everyone等）、不可数名词、主语从句作主语时，谓语用单数。 (2) 倒装错位：Here/There等倒装句中，谓语单复数由位于动词后的真正主语决定。 (3) 从句挂靠：定语从句谓语与先行词一致。 (4) 特殊原则：牢记“就远原则”（as well as）和“就近原则”（either...or...）。 2. 一般过去时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般过去时 did (V-ed/不规则) was/were + done 【用法要点】 (1) 表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与 yesterday, last week, in 2020, ago 等连用。例：He visited the museum last Sunday. (2) 表示过去一段时间内反复发生的动作。例：When I was a child, I often played in the park. (3) 在叙事文体中，一般过去时是最主要的叙事时态。 【精讲真题】 In cities, however, the gain ___________ (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. 【出处】2021年浙江卷 【高考易错提醒】 (1) 注意不规则动词的过去式形式，如 go→went, catch→caught, throw→threw 等。 (2) 区分一般过去时和现在完成时：一般过去时强调过去的动作本身，现在完成时强调过去动作对现在的影响。 (3) 被动语态中注意 was/were 的选择要与主语一致。 3. 一般将来时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般将来时 will/shall + do will/shall + be + done 【用法要点】 (1) 表示将来某一时间会发生的动作或状态。例：The conference will start next Monday. (2) be going to 结构表示计划或迹象表明将要发生的事。例：Look at those dark clouds. It is going to rain. 【高考易错提醒】 (1) 在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时（主将从现原则）。 (2) 一般将来时的被动语态 will be done 在高考语法填空中偶有出现，注意完整形式。 一般式过关检测 1. It ____________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 【出处】2021年全国甲卷 2. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____________ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 【出处】2024年新高考I卷 3. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ____________ (be) Alaska Airlines. 【出处】2021年新高考II卷 4. Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ____________ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 【出处】2023年全国甲卷 5. The mission, scheduled for launch in 2028, aims to bring Martian samples back to Earth, where advanced laboratory instruments ___________ (employ) to conduct comprehensive analyses, seeking to determine whether life ever existed — or may still exist — on Mars. 【出处】湖南长沙市雅礼中学2026届高三下学期年级月考英语试卷（八） （二）进行式 进行式表示动作正在进行中，强调动作的持续性和未完成性。高考重点考查现在进行时和过去进行时。 1. 现在进行时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 现在进行时 am/is/are + doing am/is/are + being + done 【用法要点】 （1） 表示说话时正在进行的动作，常与 now, at the moment, look, listen 等连用。例：Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. （2） 表示现阶段正在进行但不一定在说话时刻发生的动作。例：I am reading a very interesting book these days. （3） 表示逐渐变化的过程，常与 get, become, grow, turn, change 等连用。例：The weather is getting warmer and warmer. （4） 与 always, constantly 等连用，表示反复出现的动作，带有感情色彩。例：He is always complaining about the food. 【精讲例题】 With uncertainty in the cultural and creative industries and job prospects being reshaped by AI, many ___________ (turn) to practical, hands-on skills. 【出处】2025年江苏省无锡市2025-2026学年高三上学期期末模拟 【高考易错提醒】 （1）注意区分现在进行时和一般现在时：进行时强调正在进行，一般时强调经常性或客观事实。 （2）某些动词一般不用于进行时，如 know, believe, want, need, like, love, hate 等表示心理状态的动词。 2. 过去进行时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 过去进行时 was/were + doing was/were + being + done 【用法要点】 （1） 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。例：At 8 o’clock last night, I was watching TV. （2） 过去进行时常与一般过去时配合使用，表示一个动作正在进行时另一个动作发生。例：While I was walking along the street, I met an old friend. 【精讲例题】 Henry ____________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. 【出处】2022年新高考II卷 【高考易错提醒】 (1) when 引导的时间状语从句中，如果从句动作是短暂的，用一般过去时；主句用过去进行时表示持续的动作。 (2) while 引导的从句通常用进行时态。 进行式过关检测 1. Some travelers ___________ (hurry) on their way in the thin fog, presenting a typical picture of the Qingming Festival. 【出处】2026届安徽省合肥一六八中学高三一模考试 2. And instead of missing the child version of him, I saw the adult he (10) ___________ (become). 【出处】四川成都石室中学高2026届2025-2026学年度高三下期专项练习一 3. Despite this, many Americans struggle just to put healthy food, or any food at all, on the table every day. One might think that a food shortage ___________ (happen) in America, but this is not the case. 【出处】2024届上海市杨浦区高三上学期一模 （三）完成式 完成式表示动作在某一时间之前已经完成，或对某一时间产生影响。高考重点考查现在完成时和过去完成时，现在完成进行时也有涉及。 1. 现在完成时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 现在完成时 has/have + done has/have + been + done 【用法要点】 (1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与 already, yet, just, ever, never 等连用。例：I have already finished my homework. (2) 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与 for, since, so far, up to now 等连用。例：She has lived here since 2010. (3) 在 it is/has been + 时间段 + since... 句型中，主句用现在完成时。例：It has been three years since we graduated from high school. 【精讲例题】 Up to now, China ____________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【出处】2023年北京卷 【高考易错提醒】 （1）现在完成时 vs 一般过去时：现在完成时强调对现在的影响，一般过去时只叙述过去的事。比较：I have lost my key.（现在还没找到）vs I lost my key yesterday.（只说昨天丢了） （2）注意 have been to（去过，已回来）和 have gone to（去了，未回来）的区别。 （3）since 和 for 的区别：since + 时间点，for + 时间段。 2. 过去完成时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 过去完成时 had + done had + been + done 【用法要点】 （1）表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。例：By the time I arrived, the meeting had already started. （2）常与 by, before, by the time, by the end of 等引导的过去时间状语连用。例：She had learned 2,000 English words by the end of last year. （3）在宾语从句中，如果主句是一般过去时，从句表示“过去的过去”要用过去完成时。 【精讲例题】 Years later, having moved to France, I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest ____________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【出处】2023年北京卷 【高考易错提醒】 （1）过去完成时必须有一个明确的过去时间参照点，否则应使用一般过去时。 （2）had better do, would rather do 等固定结构不要误认为过去完成时。 3. 现在完成进行时 时态 主动语态 被动语态 现在完成进行时 has/have + been + doing has/have + been + being + done 【用法要点】 （1）表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，强调动作的持续性，可能仍在进行。例：I have been waiting for you for two hours. （2）与现在完成时的区别：现在完成进行时强调动作的持续性和未完成性，现在完成时强调结果。例：I have been reading this book.（还在读）vs I have read this book.（已读完） 【高考易错提醒】 （1）现在完成进行时在高考中出现频率较低，但需要注意与现在完成时的区分。 （2）常与 for, since, all day, all the time 等时间状语连用。 完成式过关检测 1. By then, I ___________ (find) my dream job already. 【出处】2026届北京西城区高三模拟测试 2. Since the beginning of this year, the district office ___________ (seek) to offer a cash voucher to residents aged 39 and below, who have received alopecia treatment. 【出处】2025届云南省丽江市高中毕业生复习统一检测（12月） 3. We do not think that it ever happened before 1859, and we know that it ___________ (not happen) since then. 【出处】2022年上海卷 4. Roughly 200 academics — many of them climate scientists ___________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 【出处】2022年浙江卷1月 5. Smart technologies ___________ (add) to every aspect of the event so far. 【出处】T8联考2025-2026学年高三12月检测训练 6. Yet by the Northern Song Dynasty, well-watered rice fields ___________ (carve) into slopes as steep as 40 degrees. 【出处】2026届云南省西南名校联考考前模拟 二、巩固练习 （一）高考真题 1. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___________ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. 【出处】2024年新高考II卷 2. We ___________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 【出处】2021年全国甲卷 3. There ___________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 【出处】2021年北京卷 4. They ___________ (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 【出处】2024年全国甲卷 5. Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ___________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 【出处】2023年全国乙卷 6. As a little girl, I ___________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 【出处】2023年新高考II卷 7. It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ___________ (consider) healthy. 【出处】2021年浙江卷 8. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ___________ (feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars (柱子). 【出处】2023年浙江卷 9. In the last five years, Cao ___________(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 【出处】2022年全国甲卷 10. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___________ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. 【出处】2024年新高考II卷 11. Citizens of higher social classes ___________ (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. 【出处】2023年浙江卷 12. When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___________ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. 【出处】2024年北京卷 13. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ___________ (be) one of them. 【出处】2025年新高考II卷 14. You can’t help wondering how hard it ___________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 【出处】2021年新高考I卷 15. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) — the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— ___________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 【出处】2020年新高考I卷 16. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 【出处】2022年新高考I卷 17. What should ___________ (do) with such a beautiful place? 【出处】2024年全国甲卷 18. Gas naturally ___________ (have) no recognisable smell. 【出处】2022年北京卷 19. “The players’ personalities ___________ (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. 【出处】2025年新高考I卷 20. He quickly ___________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 【出处】2022年新高考II卷 21. Eventually, the man ___________ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 【出处】2022年北京卷 22. To celebrate the festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___________ (address) the opening ceremony. 【出处】2022年全国乙卷 23. Unexpectedly, a man ______ (step) forward, handed his card to the cashier and said, “Let me help pay for it.” 【出处】2026北京卷 24. As transportation and communication ___________ (be) underdeveloped at that time, it was very difficult for households to obtain daily necessities. 【出处】2026年新高考I卷 25. The GPNP ___________ (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, (6) leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. 【出处】2022年新高考I卷 26. The use of those plastics ___________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. 【出处】2022年北京卷 27. But Cobb and others ___________ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and changing their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. 【出处】2022年浙江卷1月 28. Now, I ______ (suppose) to feel the weight on my legs and sink my dan tian. 【出处】2026年新高考II卷 （二）名校模拟 1. However, in recent years, performers in some modern troupes ___________ (commit) themselves to creating special martial arts robot performances with technological aid, which requires significant investment and patience. 【出处】浙江宁波市镇海中学2025-2026学年高三上学期模拟预测 2. Since decades ago, the government ___________ (advocate) green buildings, promoting environmentally- friendly practice. 【出处】2024届广东省广州市高三一模考试 3. Our school has a tradition of organizing annual Labor Day, a day that ___________ (devote) to teaching us the value of physical work. 【出处】福建省厦门外国语学校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 4. Many years later, I am certain that the memory I had thought long buried — the same memory of her stained hands and her whisper about beauty, which I had so often tried to suppress from my conscious mind — sprang back that cold December evening, bringing her smile and the smell of wet wool, as if no time ___________ (pass) at all. 【出处】2026届湖北黄冈中学高三年级5月第三次模拟考试 5. I ___________ (look) for a sign for the cafeteria when my eye was caught by an oil painting. 【出处】2026届湖南长沙市第一中学高三第十次月考英语试卷 6. Despite the early start, the air was already hot and soupy, which my son used as an excuse to head straight for a convenience store and buy one of the many drinks he ___________ (remember) from all those years before. 【出处】四川成都石室中学高2026届2025-2026学年度高三下期专项练习一 7. Durian is a typical tropical crop that grows in warm, humid environments, with a suitable growth temperature usually between 25℃ and 30℃, and ___________ (have) strict requirements for water, soil, and sunlight. 【出处】2026届四川省成都市高中第一次诊断性检测英语试题 8. The description of objects in Chinese paintings is by no means accurate because few painters ___________ (concern) about their exact size or shape. 【出处】2024届江苏省泰州市高三下学期调研测试（一模） 9. Nowadays, with the cost of living rising, young people ___________ (suffer) from greater loneliness and pressure. 【出处】2020年北京海淀区一模 10. What excites the organizing committee is that The Peony Pavilion ___________ (attract) a growing young audience since its first performance in Beijing. 【出处】2024届广东省河源中学高三上学期一调考试 11. In recent times, tanghulu makers ___________ (add) variety to this traditional snack by using other fruits such as cherries, strawberries, pineapples or grapes. 【出处】2024届江苏省南通等六市高三第一次模拟考试 12. It is said that since January, goods with dragon-themed elements, such as daily necessities, alcohol and gold jewelry, ___________ (prefer) by consumers. 【出处】2024届山东省青岛市高三一模考试 13. Since 1994, when the MRCTCM was established by the Chinese and Maltese governments, more than 200,000 Maltese patients ___________ (provide) TCM treatment by 18 Chinese medical teams composed of over 100 physicians. 【出处】湖南省长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 14. The autonomous bus, part of a pilot program by Jinan Public Transport Group, ___________ (undergo) tests on a 6.4-kilometer route by the middle of 2025. 【出处】山东省名校联盟2025-2026学年高三上学期12月月考 15. Over the past decade, Wiggin ___________ (publish) hundreds of vlogs on social media platforms, sharing genuine and objective perspectives on China to promote cultural exchange and deepen global understanding of the country. 【出处】湖北省十一校2025-2026学年高三上学期12月质量检测 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $