30-高考核心688词汇 任务单-2027年高三英语二轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单系统覆盖词汇（多义、搭配）、语法、完形填空（逻辑推理）、中英互译等核心考点，以"基础巩固-综合应用"为架构，将20个高频词通过Section A默背打勾、Section B词义辨析任务串联，引导学生自主建立"词汇-语境-语用"知识网络，体现考点梳理的系统性与层次性。 亮点在于自主诊断与个性化复习设计，如Section A的默背双栏勾记（自测工具）帮助学生精准定位未掌握词汇，Section C完形填空聚焦一词多义与语篇逻辑推理（思维品质），Section D语法填空强化词形转换（语言能力）。通过分层任务培养学生自主学习能力，教师可依据学生勾记与错题情况实施针对性指导，有效提升备考实效。

Leaf 30 Section A 单词背诵 Section B 词义巩固 Section C 完形填空 Section D 语法填空 Section E 中英互译 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 relate[ri'leit] v. 有关联 (to)；陈述；使联系 £ £ £ £ £ £ decrease['di:kri:s] v. 降低；减少；n. 下降量；减少 £ £ £ £ £ £ shrink[ʃriŋk] v. 缩水，收缩；退缩；减少 £ £ £ £ £ £ breakthrough['breik,θru:] n. 突破；突破性进展 £ £ £ £ £ £ deed[di:d] n. 行为；事迹；契约 £ £ £ £ £ £ sustainable[sə'steinəbl] adj. 可持续的；养得起的；可忍受的 £ £ £ £ £ £ personal['pə:sənl] adj. 私人的；个人的；亲自的 £ £ £ £ £ £ accessible[ək'sesəbl] adj. 易接近的；可得到的；易理解的 £ £ £ £ £ £ correspond[kɔris'pɔnd] v. 对应 (to)；符合；通信 £ £ £ £ £ £ offence[ə'fens] n. 冒犯，犯罪；过错；触怒 £ £ £ £ £ £ sharp[ʃɑ:p] adj. 锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的；清晰的；adv. 整点；锐利地 £ £ £ £ £ £ consider[kən'sidə] v. 考虑；认为；体谅 £ £ £ £ £ £ host[həust] n. 主人；主持人；东道主；大量；v. 主办，主持 £ £ £ £ £ £ conduct[kən'dʌkt] v. 实施；指挥；传导；引导；n. 行为；举止 £ £ £ £ £ £ cherish['tʃeriʃ] v. 珍爱；珍视；怀有 £ £ £ £ £ £ remind[ri'maind] v. 提醒 (of)；使想起 £ £ £ £ £ £ priority[prai'ɔriti] n. 优先；优先权；优先考虑的事 £ £ £ £ £ £ stick[stɪk] v. 粘贴；卡住；坚持 (to)；刺；n. 棍子；手杖 £ £ £ £ £ £ charge[tʃɑ:dʒ] n. 费用；指控；主管；电荷；v. 要价 (for)；指控；充电；冲锋 £ £ £ £ £ £ awful['ɔ:ful] adj. 糟糕的；可怕的；非常的 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） decrease 【A】 v. 降低；减少 【B】n. 下降量；减少 [dɪˈkriːs] ①（ ）There has been a sharp decrease in temperature. ②（ ）We must decrease pollution to protect the environment. shrink 【A】v. 缩水，收缩 【B】v. 退缩；减少 [ʃrɪŋk] ①（ ）Wool clothes may shrink in hot water. ②（ ）Don't shrink from facing your mistakes. sharp 【A】adj. 锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的；清晰的 【B】adv. 整点；锐利地 [ʃɑːp] ①（ ）The meeting starts at 8 o'clock sharp. ②（ ）The car made a sharp turn on the road. host 【A】n. 主人；主持人；东道主；大量 【B】v. 主办，主持 [həʊst] ①（ ）The city will host the national sports meeting. ②（ ）A host of students took part in the activity. conduct 【A】v. 实施；指挥；传导；引导【B】n. 行为；举止 [kənˈdʌkt] ①（ ）His conduct at school won praise from teachers. ②（ ）Scientists conduct experiments day after day. stick 【A】v. 粘贴；卡住；坚持(to)；刺 【B】n. 棍子；手杖 [stɪk] ①（ ）He walks with a stick because of his leg injury. ②（ ）Stick to your dream and never give up. charge 【A】n. 费用；指控；主管；电荷 [tʃɑːdʒ] ①（ ）The hotel charges 300 yuan for one night. ②（ ）Who will take charge of the group? relate 【A】v. 有关联(to)；陈述；使联系 [rɪˈleɪt] 【A】v. 有关联(to)；陈述；使联系 ①（ ）The report relates pollution to human activities. breakthrough 【A】n. 突破；突破性进展 [ˈbreɪkθruː] ①（ ）Scientists have made a major medical breakthrough. deed 【A】n. 行为；事迹；契约 [diːd] ①（ ）Good words are better than good deeds? No, deeds matter more. sustainable 【A】adj. 可持续的；养得起的；可忍受的 [səˈsteɪnəbl] ①（ ）We should develop sustainable development. personal 【A】adj. 私人的；个人的；亲自的 [ˈpɜːsənl] ①（ ）Please do not read others' personal letters. accessible 【A】adj. 易接近的；可得到的；易理解的 [əkˈsesəbl] ①（ ）The library is accessible to all citizens. correspond 【A】v. 对应(to)；符合；通信 [ˌkɒrɪˈspɒnd] ①（ ）His actions do not correspond with his words. offence 【A】n. 冒犯，犯罪；过错；触怒 [əˈfens] ①（ ）It is an offence to drive after drinking. consider 【A】v. 考虑；认为；体谅 [kənˈsɪdə] ①（ ）We must consider the feelings of other people. cherish 【A】v. 珍爱；珍视；怀有 [ˈtʃerɪʃ] ①（ ）We should cherish every minute of our youth. remind 【A】v. 提醒(of)；使想起 [rɪˈmaɪnd] ①（ ）This photo reminds me of my childhood. priority 【A】n. 优先；优先权；优先考虑的事 [praɪˈɒrəti] ①（ ）Safety should always be our first priority. awful 【A】adj. 糟糕的；可怕的；非常的 [ˈɔːfʊl] ①（ ）What awful weather! It rains all day. Section C 完形填空 （阅读下面短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。考察词义辨析、固定搭配、一词多义、语篇逻辑推理。） The US economy, as a key part of the global economic system, is closely ___1___ to international trade, market demand and policy adjustments. In recent years, it has experienced ___2___ ups and downs. Multiple factors have caused the economy to ___3___ and even ___4___ in growth in certain periods, bringing ___5___ impacts on public life. Many economists ___6___ various data and market phenomena to analyze economic trends. They ___7___ professional research and regularly release reports that ___8___ with real market changes. They firmly ___9___ to the view that long-term economic development must be ___10___ instead of pursuing short-term profits blindly. Economic stability should be put as the top ___11___ of national regulation. Some local economic policies fail to fully ___12___ public interests and bring unexpected troubles. Unreasonable market ___13___ and improper industrial layout may trigger market ___14___, discouraging investors. Meanwhile, rising living costs ___15___ citizens that economic prosperity cannot be achieved by casual good ___16___. People begin to ___17___ stable employment and rational consumption concepts. To reverse the downturn, the government plans to ___18___ reasonable fees for inefficient industries and optimize resource allocation. It also strives to make economic policies more open and ___19___ to the public, aiming to achieve technological ___20___ and inject lasting vitality into economic recovery. 1. A. related B. adjusted C. linked D. reacted 2. A. mild B. sharp C. subtle D. consistent 3. A. boom B. shrink C. expand D. rebound 4. A. decrease B. surge C. accelerate D. stabilize 5. A. tremendous B. awful C. negligible D. insignificant 6. A. neglect B. analyze C. disregard D. streamline 7. A. conduct B. discard C. halt D. delay 8. A. clash B. correspond C. differ D. rival 9. A. stick B. oppose C. submit D. plead 10. A. temporary B. sustainable C. immediate D. random 11. A. priority B. obstacle C. burden D. restriction 12. A. favor B. safeguard C. accommodate D. satisfy 13. A. moves B. deeds C. routines D. rituals 14. A. offence B. harmony C. imbalance D. disorder 15. A. remind B. alert C. convince D. enlighten 16. A. fortune B. deed C. option D. endeavor 17. A. abandon B. cherish C. reject D. substitute 18. A. charge B. eliminate C. refund D. exempt 19. A. accessible B. transparent C. flexible D. rigid 20. A. breakthrough B. flaw C. collapse D. outbreak Section D 语法填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） Environmental issues closely ____________ (relate) to daily behaviour. We hope pollution will ____________ (decrease) and waste volume ____________ (shrink). Every small ____________ (deed) can create a ____________ (breakthrough) toward ____________ (sustainable) development. We respect ____________ (personal) rights while making resources ____________ (accessible) to everyone. Our actions ____________ (correspond) to social rules. Avoid any ____________ (offence) against nature. We need ____________ (consider) ____________ (sharp) conflicts when we ____________ (host) and ____________ (conduct) eco activities. ____________ (cherish) natural resources always ranks as top ____________ (priority). We ____________ (stick) to green habits and oppose being ____________ (charge) unfair fees in ____________ (awful) polluted zones. Section E 中英互译 1. Researchers consider how to decrease waste and seek a breakthrough to build a sustainable system with accessible public resources. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Sharp conflicts relate to repeated offences; managers must correspond with teams and shrink risks before hosting large activities. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 请时刻提醒自己珍惜每一次机遇，分清主次，坚守底线，拒绝糟糕的处事方式。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我们开展各项行动时，应当兼顾集体利益，不能一味看重个人得失。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 美好的行动值得铭记，它能够敦促我们持续反思，承担起相应责任。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Leaf 30 Section A 单词背诵 Section B 词义巩固 Section C 完形填空 Section D 语法填空 Section E 中英互译 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 relate[ri'leit] v. 有关联 (to)；陈述；使联系 £ £ £ £ £ £ decrease['di:kri:s] v. 降低；减少；n. 下降量；减少 £ £ £ £ £ £ shrink[ʃriŋk] v. 缩水，收缩；退缩；减少 £ £ £ £ £ £ breakthrough['breik,θru:] n. 突破；突破性进展 £ £ £ £ £ £ deed[di:d] n. 行为；事迹；契约 £ £ £ £ £ £ sustainable[sə'steinəbl] adj. 可持续的；养得起的；可忍受的 £ £ £ £ £ £ personal['pə:sənl] adj. 私人的；个人的；亲自的 £ £ £ £ £ £ accessible[ək'sesəbl] adj. 易接近的；可得到的；易理解的 £ £ £ £ £ £ correspond[kɔris'pɔnd] v. 对应 (to)；符合；通信 £ £ £ £ £ £ offence[ə'fens] n. 冒犯，犯罪；过错；触怒 £ £ £ £ £ £ sharp[ʃɑ:p] adj. 锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的；清晰的；adv. 整点；锐利地 £ £ £ £ £ £ consider[kən'sidə] v. 考虑；认为；体谅 £ £ £ £ £ £ host[həust] n. 主人；主持人；东道主；大量；v. 主办，主持 £ £ £ £ £ £ conduct[kən'dʌkt] v. 实施；指挥；传导；引导；n. 行为；举止 £ £ £ £ £ £ cherish['tʃeriʃ] v. 珍爱；珍视；怀有 £ £ £ £ £ £ remind[ri'maind] v. 提醒 (of)；使想起 £ £ £ £ £ £ priority[prai'ɔriti] n. 优先；优先权；优先考虑的事 £ £ £ £ £ £ stick[stɪk] v. 粘贴；卡住；坚持 (to)；刺；n. 棍子；手杖 £ £ £ £ £ £ charge[tʃɑ:dʒ] n. 费用；指控；主管；电荷；v. 要价 (for)；指控；充电；冲锋 £ £ £ £ £ £ awful['ɔ:ful] adj. 糟糕的；可怕的；非常的 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） decrease 【A】 v. 降低；减少 【B】n. 下降量；减少 [dɪˈkriːs] ①（ ）There has been a sharp decrease in temperature. ②（ ）We must decrease pollution to protect the environment. shrink 【A】v. 缩水，收缩 【B】v. 退缩；减少 [ʃrɪŋk] ①（ ）Wool clothes may shrink in hot water. ②（ ）Don't shrink from facing your mistakes. sharp 【A】adj. 锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的；清晰的 【B】adv. 整点；锐利地 [ʃɑːp] ①（ ）The meeting starts at 8 o'clock sharp. ②（ ）The car made a sharp turn on the road. host 【A】n. 主人；主持人；东道主；大量 【B】v. 主办，主持 [həʊst] ①（ ）The city will host the national sports meeting. ②（ ）A host of students took part in the activity. conduct 【A】v. 实施；指挥；传导；引导【B】n. 行为；举止 [kənˈdʌkt] ①（ ）His conduct at school won praise from teachers. ②（ ）Scientists conduct experiments day after day. stick 【A】v. 粘贴；卡住；坚持(to)；刺 【B】n. 棍子；手杖 [stɪk] ①（ ）He walks with a stick because of his leg injury. ②（ ）Stick to your dream and never give up. charge 【A】n. 费用；指控；主管；电荷 [tʃɑːdʒ] ①（ ）The hotel charges 300 yuan for one night. ②（ ）Who will take charge of the group? relate 【A】v. 有关联(to)；陈述；使联系 [rɪˈleɪt] 【A】v. 有关联(to)；陈述；使联系 ①（ ）The report relates pollution to human activities. breakthrough 【A】n. 突破；突破性进展 [ˈbreɪkθruː] ①（ ）Scientists have made a major medical breakthrough. deed 【A】n. 行为；事迹；契约 [diːd] ①（ ）Good words are better than good deeds? No, deeds matter more. sustainable 【A】adj. 可持续的；养得起的；可忍受的 [səˈsteɪnəbl] ①（ ）We should develop sustainable development. personal 【A】adj. 私人的；个人的；亲自的 [ˈpɜːsənl] ①（ ）Please do not read others' personal letters. accessible 【A】adj. 易接近的；可得到的；易理解的 [əkˈsesəbl] ①（ ）The library is accessible to all citizens. correspond 【A】v. 对应(to)；符合；通信 [ˌkɒrɪˈspɒnd] ①（ ）His actions do not correspond with his words. offence 【A】n. 冒犯，犯罪；过错；触怒 [əˈfens] ①（ ）It is an offence to drive after drinking. consider 【A】v. 考虑；认为；体谅 [kənˈsɪdə] ①（ ）We must consider the feelings of other people. cherish 【A】v. 珍爱；珍视；怀有 [ˈtʃerɪʃ] ①（ ）We should cherish every minute of our youth. remind 【A】v. 提醒(of)；使想起 [rɪˈmaɪnd] ①（ ）This photo reminds me of my childhood. priority 【A】n. 优先；优先权；优先考虑的事 [praɪˈɒrəti] ①（ ）Safety should always be our first priority. awful 【A】adj. 糟糕的；可怕的；非常的 [ˈɔːfʊl] ①（ ）What awful weather! It rains all day. decrease：①【B】②【A】 shrink：①【A】②【B】 sharp：①【B】②【A】 host：①【B】②【A】 conduct：①【B】②【A】 stick：①【B】②【A】 charge：①【A】②【B】 relate：①【A】 breakthrough：①【A】 deed：①【A】 sustainable：①【A】 personal：①【A】 accessible：①【A】 correspond：①【A】 offence：①【A】 consider：①【A】 cherish：①【A】 remind：①【A】 priority：①【A】 awful：①【A】 Section C 完形填空 （阅读下面短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。考察词义辨析、固定搭配、一词多义、语篇逻辑推理。） The US economy, as a key part of the global economic system, is closely ___1___ to international trade, market demand and policy adjustments. In recent years, it has experienced ___2___ ups and downs. Multiple factors have caused the economy to ___3___ and even ___4___ in growth in certain periods, bringing ___5___ impacts on public life. Many economists ___6___ various data and market phenomena to analyze economic trends. They ___7___ professional research and regularly release reports that ___8___ with real market changes. They firmly ___9___ to the view that long-term economic development must be ___10___ instead of pursuing short-term profits blindly. Economic stability should be put as the top ___11___ of national regulation. Some local economic policies fail to fully ___12___ public interests and bring unexpected troubles. Unreasonable market ___13___ and improper industrial layout may trigger market ___14___, discouraging investors. Meanwhile, rising living costs ___15___ citizens that economic prosperity cannot be achieved by casual good ___16___. People begin to ___17___ stable employment and rational consumption concepts. To reverse the downturn, the government plans to ___18___ reasonable fees for inefficient industries and optimize resource allocation. It also strives to make economic policies more open and ___19___ to the public, aiming to achieve technological ___20___ and inject lasting vitality into economic recovery. 1. A. related B. adjusted C. linked D. reacted 2. A. mild B. sharp C. subtle D. consistent 3. A. boom B. shrink C. expand D. rebound 4. A. decrease B. surge C. accelerate D. stabilize 5. A. tremendous B. awful C. negligible D. insignificant 6. A. neglect B. analyze C. disregard D. streamline 7. A. conduct B. discard C. halt D. delay 8. A. clash B. correspond C. differ D. rival 9. A. stick B. oppose C. submit D. plead 10. A. temporary B. sustainable C. immediate D. random 11. A. priority B. obstacle C. burden D. restriction 12. A. favor B. safeguard C. accommodate D. satisfy 13. A. moves B. deeds C. routines D. rituals 14. A. offence B. harmony C. imbalance D. disorder 15. A. remind B. alert C. convince D. enlighten 16. A. fortune B. deed C. option D. endeavor 17. A. abandon B. cherish C. reject D. substitute 18. A. charge B. eliminate C. refund D. exempt 19. A. accessible B. transparent C. flexible D. rigid 20. A. breakthrough B. flaw C. collapse D. outbreak 解析： 1. 应填：A. related。分析：句子意为“美国经济与国际贸易、市场需求和政策调整‘密切相关’”，be related to表示“与……相关”，强调关联性。语法上related为形容词，与to搭配。排除：B.adjusted（调整的，强调适应）；C.linked（联系的，虽可搭配但与to连用多指物理连接）；D.reacted（反应的，强调回应）。 2. 应填：B. sharp。分析：句子意为“近年来经历了‘剧烈的’起伏”，sharp ups and downs表示“剧烈起伏”，强调变化幅度大。语法上sharp为形容词修饰ups and downs。排除：A.mild（温和的，强调不剧烈）；C.subtle（微妙的，强调难以察觉）；D.consistent（一致的，强调稳定不变）。 3. 应填：B. shrink。分析：句子意为“多种因素导致经济‘萎缩’”，shrink表示“萎缩、收缩”，强调规模减小。语法上shrink为不及物动词。排除：A.boom（繁荣，强调增长）；C.expand（扩张，强调扩大）；D.rebound（反弹，强调恢复）。 4. 应填：A. decrease。分析：句子意为“甚至在某些时期增长‘下降’”，decrease in growth表示“增长下降”，强调数值减少。语法上decrease为不及物动词，后接in。排除：B.surge（激增，强调猛增）；C.accelerate（加速，强调加快）；D.stabilize（稳定，强调平稳）。 5. 应填：B. awful。分析：句子意为“给公众生活带来‘糟糕的’影响”，awful impacts表示“糟糕影响”，强调负面严重。语法上awful为形容词修饰impacts。排除：A.tremendous（巨大的，强调规模大但不一定负面）；C.negligible（微不足道的，强调不重要）；D.insignificant（无意义的，强调不重要）。 6. 应填：B. analyze。分析：句子意为“许多经济学家‘分析’各种数据和市场现象”，analyze data表示“分析数据”，强调研究。语法上analyze为及物动词，后接data。排除：A.neglect（忽视，强调忽略）；C.disregard（漠视，强调不理会）；D.streamline（精简，强调优化）。 7. 应填：A. conduct。分析：句子意为“他们‘进行’专业研究”，conduct research表示“进行研究”，强调实施。语法上conduct为及物动词，后接research。排除：B.discard（丢弃，强调扔掉）；C.halt（停止，强调中止）；D.delay（延迟，强调推迟）。 8. 应填：B. correspond。分析：句子意为“发布的报告与真实市场变化‘相符’”，correspond with表示“与……相符”，强调一致。语法上correspond为不及物动词，后接with。排除：A.clash（冲突，强调矛盾）；C.differ（不同，强调差异）；D.rival（竞争，强调对抗）。 9. 应填：A. stick。分析：句子意为“他们坚定‘坚持’这一观点”，stick to表示“坚持”，强调不改变。语法上stick为不及物动词，后接to。排除：B.oppose（反对，强调对抗）；C.submit（服从，强调顺从）；D.plead（恳求，强调请求）。 10. 应填：B. sustainable。分析：句子意为“长期经济发展必须是‘可持续的’”，sustainable development表示“可持续发展”，强调长期性。语法上sustainable为形容词作表语。排除：A.temporary（暂时的，强调短期）；C.immediate（立即的，强调即刻）；D.random（随机的，强调偶然）。 11. 应填：A. priority。分析：句子意为“应将经济稳定作为国家调控的‘首要任务’”，top priority表示“首要任务”，强调优先。语法上priority为名词，作as的宾语。排除：B.obstacle（障碍，强调阻碍）；C.burden（负担，强调压力）；D.restriction（限制，强调约束）。 12. 应填：C. accommodate。分析：句子意为“未能充分‘顾及’公众利益”，accommodate interests表示“顾及利益”，强调考虑并满足。语法上accommodate为及物动词，后接interests。排除：A.favor（偏袒，强调偏向）；B.safeguard（保护，强调保障）；D.satisfy（满足，强调使满意）。 13. 应填：B. deeds。分析：句子意为“不合理的市场‘行为’”，market deeds表示“市场行为”，强调具体行动。语法上deeds为可数名词复数，作主语。排除：A.moves（举动，多指策略性行动）；C.routines（常规，强调惯例）；D.rituals（仪式，强调形式化）。 14. 应填：D.disorder。分析：不合理的市场行为和不当产业布局会引发市场混乱，A.offence错误，offence意为冒犯、违法行为，不符合此处语境。 15. 应填：A. remind。分析：句子意为“生活成本上升‘提醒’公民”，remind sb. that表示“提醒某人”，强调使想起。语法上remind为及物动词，后接citizens。排除：B.alert（使警觉，强调警告）；C.convince（使确信，强调说服）；D.enlighten（启发，强调启迪）。 16. 应填：A.fortune。分析：原句语义为生活成本上升提醒人们经济繁荣无法依靠偶然的好运气实现，此处应选A.fortune。 17. 应填：B. cherish。分析：句子意为“人们开始‘珍视’稳定就业和理性消费观念”，cherish employment表示“珍视就业”，强调重视。语法上cherish为及物动词，后接employment。排除：A.abandon（放弃，强调抛弃）；C.reject（拒绝，强调不接受）；D.substitute（替代，强调替换）。 18. 应填：A. charge。分析：句子意为“计划对低效产业‘收取’合理费用”，charge fees表示“收取费用”，强调收费。语法上charge为及物动词，后接fees。排除：B.eliminate（消除，强调消灭）；C.refund（退款，强调退还）；D.exempt（豁免，强调免除）。 19. 应填：A. accessible。分析：句子意为“使经济政策更‘易懂的’”，accessible to the public表示“对公众易懂”，强调可理解。语法上accessible为形容词，与to搭配。排除：B.transparent（透明的，强调公开）；C.flexible（灵活的，强调可变）；D.rigid（僵化的，强调死板）。 20. 应填：A. breakthrough。分析：句子意为“旨在实现技术‘突破’”，technological breakthrough表示“技术突破”，强调重大进展。语法上breakthrough为名词，作achieve的宾语。排除：B.flaw（缺陷，强调缺点）；C.collapse（崩溃，强调倒塌）；D.outbreak（爆发，强调突然发生）。 Section D 语法填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） Environmental issues closely ____________ (relate) to daily behaviour. We hope pollution will ____________ (decrease) and waste volume ____________ (shrink). Every small ____________ (deed) can create a ____________ (breakthrough) toward ____________ (sustainable) development. We respect ____________ (personal) rights while making resources ____________ (accessible) to everyone. Our actions ____________ (correspond) to social rules. Avoid any ____________ (offence) against nature. We need ____________ (consider) ____________ (sharp) conflicts when we ____________ (host) and ____________ (conduct) eco activities. ____________ (cherish) natural resources always ranks as top ____________ (priority). We ____________ (stick) to green habits and oppose being ____________ (charge) unfair fees in ____________ (awful) polluted zones. 解析： 1. 应填：are related。分析：句子意为“环境问题与日常行为紧密‘相关’”。时态为一般现在时，主语“Environmental issues”为复数，故用are related，表示被动关系。排除：relate（主动形式，应用被动语态）。 2. 应填：decrease。分析：句子意为“我们希望污染将‘减少’”。情态动词will后接动词原形，decrease为不及物动词，表示数量下降。排除：decreased（过去式或过去分词，不符合will后接原形的规则）。 3. 应填：will shrink。分析：句子意为“废物量‘将缩减’”。主语“waste volume”为单数，时态与will decrease并列，故用will shrink表示将来缩减。排除：shrink（缺少will，时态不一致）。 4. 应填：deed。分析：句子意为“每一个微小的‘行为’”。形容词small后接名词单数deed，表示具体行动。排除：deeds（复数形式，与every搭配时应用单数）。 5. 应填：breakthrough。分析：句子意为“能够创造‘突破’”。冠词a后接可数名词单数breakthrough，表示重大进展。排除：breakthroughs（复数形式，与a不搭配）。 6. 应填：sustainable。分析：句子意为“朝向‘可持续的’发展”。名词development前需用形容词sustainable修饰，表示可长期维持的。排除：sustain（动词形式，不修饰名词）。 7. 应填：personal。分析：句子意为“我们尊重‘个人的’权利”。名词rights前需用形容词personal修饰，表示个体的。排除：person（名词形式，不修饰名词）。 8. 应填：accessible。分析：句子意为“使资源对每个人‘可获得的’”。形容词accessible作宾语补足语，表示“可获得的、可使用的”。排除：access（名词或动词形式，不符合形容词位置）。 9. 应填：correspond。分析：句子意为“我们的行为‘符合’社会规则”。主语“Our actions”为复数，一般现在时用correspond，与to搭配表示“与……一致”。排除：corresponds（单数形式，与复数主语不匹配）。 10. 应填：offence。分析：句子意为“避免任何对自然的‘冒犯’”。形容词any后接名词offence，表示冒犯、违规行为。排除：offensive（形容词，不符合名词位置）。 11. 应填：consider。分析：句子意为“我们需要‘考虑’尖锐冲突”。need to后接动词原形consider，表示思考权衡。排除：considering（动名词，不符合need to结构）。 12. 应填：sharp。分析：句子意为“考虑‘尖锐的’冲突”。形容词sharp修饰conflicts，表示激烈的、明显的。排除：sharply（副词，不修饰名词）。 13. 应填：host。分析：句子意为“当我们‘主办’生态活动时”。主语we为复数，一般现在时用host，表示主办。排除：hosts（单数形式，与we不匹配）。 14. 应填：conduct。分析：句子意为“‘开展’生态活动”。与host并列，主语we为复数，用conduct表示组织进行。排除：conducts（单数形式，与we不匹配）。 15. 应填：Cherishing。分析：句子意为“‘珍惜’自然资源始终是首要任务”。动名词Cherishing作主语，表示珍惜的行为。排除：Cherish（动词原形不能作主语）。 16. 应填：priority。分析：句子意为“作为首要‘优先事项’”。形容词top后接名词priority，表示优先考虑的事。排除：priorities（复数形式，与top单数搭配不自然）。 17. 应填：stick。分析：句子意为“我们‘坚持’绿色习惯”。主语we为复数，一般现在时用stick，与to搭配表示坚持。排除：sticks（单数形式，与we不匹配）。 18. 应填：charged。分析：句子意为“反对被‘收取’不公平费用”。being后接过去分词charged，表示被动“被收费”。排除：charging（现在分词，不表示被动）。 19. 应填：awfully。分析：句子意为“在‘严重’污染的区域”。此处需要修饰形容词polluted，应该使用副词awfully。 Section E 中英互译 1. Researchers consider how to decrease waste and seek a breakthrough to build a sustainable system with accessible public resources. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Sharp conflicts relate to repeated offences; managers must correspond with teams and shrink risks before hosting large activities. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 请时刻提醒自己珍惜每一次机遇，分清主次，坚守底线，拒绝糟糕的处事方式。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我们开展各项行动时，应当兼顾集体利益，不能一味看重个人得失。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 美好的行动值得铭记，它能够敦促我们持续反思，承担起相应责任。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 1.研究者思考如何减少废弃物，并寻求突破，搭建公共资源可便捷利用的可持续体系。 2.尖锐冲突与屡次违规行为息息相关；主办方必须和各团队对接，在举办大型活动前缩减风险。 3.Remind yourself constantly to cherish every opportunity, set clear priorities, stick to principles and avoid awful manners. 4.When we conduct various actions, we should take collective interests into consideration instead of focusing merely on personal gains and losses. 5.Good deeds deserve to be remembered. They can urge us to reflect continuously and take corresponding responsibilities. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $