23-高考核心688词汇 任务单-2027年高三英语二轮复习专项

该高中英语学习任务单系统覆盖高考核心考点，以词汇为基础（Section A单词背诵、Section B词义巩固），衔接语法应用（Section D语法填空）、语篇理解（Section C完形填空）及翻译能力（Section E中英互译），构建从基础到综合的层级化知识体系。通过任务驱动设计，如单词默背打勾自查、词义语境选择，引导学生自主梳理考点联系，形成完整备考网络。 亮点在于自主学习支持与个性化复习设计，如Section A的默背打勾机制帮助学生精准定位薄弱词汇，Section B通过语境辨析强化一词多义理解，培养语言能力与学习能力。完形填空聚焦语篇逻辑推理，提升思维品质，教师可依据学生自测结果实施针对性指导，有效促进学生自主诊断与提升，实现因材施教。

Leaf 23 Section A 单词背诵 Section B 词义巩固 Section C 完形填空 Section D 语法填空 Section E 中英互译 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 comprehension[.kɔmpri'henʃn] n. 理解；理解力；包含 £ £ £ £ £ £ pursue[pə'sju:] v. 追求；从事；追赶；继续探讨 £ £ £ £ £ £ moderate['mɔdəreit] adj. 适度的；温和的；中等的；v. 节制；变缓和 £ £ £ £ £ £ chain[tʃein] n. 链条，一连串；连锁店；v. 束缚；用链条拴住 £ £ £ £ £ £ ceremony['seriməni] n. 典礼；仪式；礼节 £ £ £ £ £ £ pirate['paiərit] n. 海盗，盗版者；v. 盗版；抢劫 £ £ £ £ £ £ advance[əd'vɑ:ns] n. 前进；进步；预付款；adj. 提前的；预先的；v. 前进；提前；提出 £ £ £ £ £ £ frighten['fraitən] v. 使惊吓；吓唬 £ £ £ £ £ £ citizen['sitizn] n. 市民；公民；居民 £ £ £ £ £ £ precious['preʃəs] adj. 珍贵的；宝贵的；矫揉造作的 £ £ £ £ £ £ reluctant[ri'lʌktənt] adj. 不情愿的，勉强的；厌恶的 £ £ £ £ £ £ courageous[kə'reidʒəs] adj. 勇敢的；有胆量的 £ £ £ £ £ £ awkward['ɔ:kwəd] adj. 尴尬的；笨拙的；棘手的 £ £ £ £ £ £ propose[prə'pəuz] v. 计划，提议；求婚；提名 £ £ £ £ £ £ abundant[ə'bʌndənt] adj. 丰富的；充裕的；盛产的 £ £ £ £ £ £ psychology[sai'kɔlədʒi] n. 心理，心理学；心理状态 £ £ £ £ £ £ volunteer[vɔlən'tiə] n. 志愿者；志愿兵；v.(自愿) 做；adj. 志愿的 £ £ £ £ £ £ pesticide['pestisaid] n. 杀虫剂；农药 £ £ £ £ £ £ grant[ɡrɑ:nt] v. 授予，认为；承认；n. 拨款；授予物 £ £ £ £ £ £ register['redʒistə] v. 注册，登记；挂号；显示；n. 登记；寄存器 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） pursue 【A】v. 追求 【B】v. 从事 【C】v. 追赶 【D】v. 继续探讨 [pəˈsjuː] ①（ ）The police pursued the thief through the street. ②（ ）She decided to pursue a career in education. ③（ ）Many young people pursue their dreams in big cities. ④（ ）We will pursue the matter at the next meeting. moderate 【A】adj. 适度的；温和的；中等的【B】 v. 节制；变缓和 [ˈmɒdərət] ①（ ）Try to moderate your anger and stay calm. ②（ ）Moderate exercise is good for health. chain 【A】n. 链条，一连串 【B】n. 连锁店 【C】v. 束缚；用链条拴住 [tʃeɪn] ①（ ）This supermarket belongs to a large chain. ②（ ）Fear chained him and stopped him from trying new things. ③（ ）A chain of accidents caused the traffic jam. pirate 【A】n. 海盗，盗版者 【B】v. 盗版；抢劫 [ˈpaɪərɪt] ①（ ）It is illegal to pirate films and books. ②（ ）The story is about pirates sailing on the sea. advance 【A】n. 前进；进步 【B】n. 预付款 【C】adj. 提前的；预先的【D】v. 前进；提前；提出 [ədˈvɑːns] ①（ ）You need to make advance booking for the hotel. ②（ ）Scientists have made great advances in medicine. ③（ ）He advanced a new plan at the conference. ④（ ）The worker asked for an advance on salary. volunteer 【A】n. 志愿者；志愿兵 【B】v. (自愿)做 【C】adj. 志愿的 [vɒlənˈtɪə] ①（ ）Many volunteer workers help clean the park. ②（ ）She volunteered to organize the activity. ③（ ）He works as a volunteer in the animal shelter. grant 【A】v. 授予；承认 【B】n. 拨款；授予物 [ɡrɑːnt] ①（ ）The university received a government grant for research. ②（ ）The judge granted him the right to appeal. register 【A】v. 注册，登记；挂号 【B】v. 显示 【C】n. 登记；寄存器 [ˈredʒɪstə] ①（ ）The thermometer registered 35 degrees. ②（ ）Please register before entering the library. ③（ ）The register records all visitors' names. comprehension 【A】n. 理解；理解力 [ˌkɒmpriˈhenʃn] ①（ ）Reading exercises improve your reading comprehension. ceremony 【A】n. 典礼；仪式；礼节 [ˈserɪməni] ①（ ）The graduation ceremony will be held next Friday. frighten 【A】v. 使惊吓；吓唬 [ˈfraɪtən] ①（ ）Don't frighten little children with scary stories. citizen 【A】n. 市民；公民；居民 [ˈsɪtɪzn] ①（ ）Every citizen should obey the law. precious 【A】adj. 珍贵的；宝贵的；矫揉造作的 [ˈpreʃəs] ①（ ）Time is the most precious treasure for young people. reluctant 【A】adj. 不情愿的，勉强的；厌恶的 [rɪˈlʌktənt] ①（ ）He was reluctant to give up his favourite hobby. courageous 【A】adj. 勇敢的；有胆量的 [kəˈreɪdʒəs] ①（ ）It was courageous of her to face the difficulty alone. awkward 【A】adj. 尴尬的；笨拙的；棘手的 [ˈɔːkwəd] ①（ ）An awkward silence fell over the room. propose 【A】v. 计划，提议；求婚；提名 [prəˈpəʊz] ①（ ）He proposed that we start the project earlier. abundant 【A】adj. 丰富的；充裕的；盛产的 [əˈbʌndənt] ①（ ）This area is abundant in natural resources. psychology 【A】n. 心理，心理学；心理状态 [saɪˈkɒlədʒi] ①（ ）He majors in psychology at university. pesticide 【A】n. 杀虫剂；农药 [ˈpestɪsaɪd] ①（ ）Farmers use less pesticide for green food. Section C 完形填空 （阅读下面短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。考察词义辨析、固定搭配、一词多义、语篇逻辑推理。） In recent years, more and more catering ___1___ stores have launched advance payment systems. Customers are required to pay deposits in ___2___ to reserve seats or enjoy exclusive discounts. This new consumption rule has triggered widespread public discussion and different levels of public ___3___. Many ordinary ___4___ hold mixed attitudes towards the system. Some people are ___5___ to accept it, worrying that prepaid fees may cause economic losses or limit their consumption freedom. They feel the new rule creates an ___6___ dining experience and breaks traditional casual dining habits. However, others hold rational ___7___ attitudes. They believe moderate prepayment can help restaurants arrange ingredients reasonably and avoid ___8___ food waste. Restaurant operators ___9___ this system to optimize service efficiency. As the catering industry faces fierce competition, many stores actively ___10___ stable customer sources and long-term development rather than temporary profits. Prepaid rules can effectively regulate customer flow and bring ___11___ and stable benefits for chain restaurants. It takes great ___12___ for the public to accept emerging consumption modes, as people’s consumption ___13___ is hard to change overnight. Experts suggest that businesses should fully respect consumer rights. They should not force prepayment or ___14___ consumers with strict rules. Relevant departments need to supervise the industry strictly and ___15___ standardized management regulations. Only in this way can the catering industry achieve healthy and sustainable development, gain public ___16___, and build a harmonious consumption environment. Rational and ___17___ consumption habits will finally become the mainstream of the catering market. The public should also enhance their risk awareness and distinguish formal platforms to ___18___ their precious consumer rights. Balancing commercial interests and public demands is an essential ___19___ for the sound development of the service industry and deserves widespread social ___20___. 1. A. chain B. boutique C. regional D. independent 2. A. priority B. reserve C. supplement D. substitute 3. A. debate B. comprehension C. feedback D. interaction 4. A. dwellers B. spectators C. customers D. participants 5. A. reluctant B. sluggish C. cautious D. rigid 6. A. cumbersome B. inconvenient C. stiff D. artificial 7. A. moderate B. detached C. impartial D. prudent 8. A. excessive B. idle C. surplus D. extravagant 9. A. propose B. endorse C. inaugurate D. uphold 10. A. pursue B. foster C. dictate D. facilitate 11. A. abundant B. steady C. durable D. continual 12. A. endurance B. tolerance C. time D. perseverance 13. A. temperament B. mindset C. tendency D. awareness 14. A. frighten B. confine C. intimidate D. restrain 15. A. revise B. formulate C. enforce D. institute 16. A. recognition B. credibility C. popularity D. privilege 17. A. modest B. rational C. sensible D. tactical 18. A. preserve B. safeguard C. insulate D. secure 19. A. criterion B. standard C. benchmark D. guideline 20. A. evaluation B. coverage C. concern D. scrutiny Section D 语法填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） Reading improves our ____________ (comprehension) as we ____________ (pursue) knowledge. We kept a ____________ (moderate) pace and broke the ____________ (chain) of ignorance. At the opening ____________ (ceremony), we warned villagers against ____________ (pirate) farm goods. We hoped ____________ (advance) rural education and never ____________ (frighten) local ____________ (citizen). We valued ____________ (precious) farm resources. Some farmers felt ____________ (reluctant) at first, yet ____________ (courageous) volunteers overcame ____________ (awkward) communication barriers. We ____________ (propose) making use of ____________ (abundant) rural wisdom and basic ____________ (psychology) skills. Many teenagers chose ____________ (volunteer). We explained safe use of ____________ (pesticide) and applied for official ____________ (grant). Every participant must ____________ (register) ahead of time. Section E 中英互译 1. Officials advance new rules to fight pirate products and grant funds to citizens who register for environmental volunteer programs. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Farmers learn moderate use of pesticide, gaining better comprehension of how abundant resources form a complete industrial chain. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 勇敢追逐珍贵理想，不要畏惧尴尬处境，敢于主动提出创新方案。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 仪式上不少人心存顾虑，不愿直面困难，错失向前发展的良机。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 心理学研究表明，人们往往不愿改变固有习惯，需要持续引导与耐心沟通。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Leaf 23 Section A 单词背诵 Section B 词义巩固 Section C 完形填空 Section D 语法填空 Section E 中英互译 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 comprehension[.kɔmpri'henʃn] n. 理解；理解力；包含 £ £ £ £ £ £ pursue[pə'sju:] v. 追求；从事；追赶；继续探讨 £ £ £ £ £ £ moderate['mɔdəreit] adj. 适度的；温和的；中等的；v. 节制；变缓和 £ £ £ £ £ £ chain[tʃein] n. 链条，一连串；连锁店；v. 束缚；用链条拴住 £ £ £ £ £ £ ceremony['seriməni] n. 典礼；仪式；礼节 £ £ £ £ £ £ pirate['paiərit] n. 海盗，盗版者；v. 盗版；抢劫 £ £ £ £ £ £ advance[əd'vɑ:ns] n. 前进；进步；预付款；adj. 提前的；预先的；v. 前进；提前；提出 £ £ £ £ £ £ frighten['fraitən] v. 使惊吓；吓唬 £ £ £ £ £ £ citizen['sitizn] n. 市民；公民；居民 £ £ £ £ £ £ precious['preʃəs] adj. 珍贵的；宝贵的；矫揉造作的 £ £ £ £ £ £ reluctant[ri'lʌktənt] adj. 不情愿的，勉强的；厌恶的 £ £ £ £ £ £ courageous[kə'reidʒəs] adj. 勇敢的；有胆量的 £ £ £ £ £ £ awkward['ɔ:kwəd] adj. 尴尬的；笨拙的；棘手的 £ £ £ £ £ £ propose[prə'pəuz] v. 计划，提议；求婚；提名 £ £ £ £ £ £ abundant[ə'bʌndənt] adj. 丰富的；充裕的；盛产的 £ £ £ £ £ £ psychology[sai'kɔlədʒi] n. 心理，心理学；心理状态 £ £ £ £ £ £ volunteer[vɔlən'tiə] n. 志愿者；志愿兵；v.(自愿) 做；adj. 志愿的 £ £ £ £ £ £ pesticide['pestisaid] n. 杀虫剂；农药 £ £ £ £ £ £ grant[ɡrɑ:nt] v. 授予，认为；承认；n. 拨款；授予物 £ £ £ £ £ £ register['redʒistə] v. 注册，登记；挂号；显示；n. 登记；寄存器 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） pursue 【A】v. 追求 【B】v. 从事 【C】v. 追赶 【D】v. 继续探讨 [pəˈsjuː] ①（ ）The police pursued the thief through the street. ②（ ）She decided to pursue a career in education. ③（ ）Many young people pursue their dreams in big cities. ④（ ）We will pursue the matter at the next meeting. moderate 【A】adj. 适度的；温和的；中等的【B】 v. 节制；变缓和 [ˈmɒdərət] ①（ ）Try to moderate your anger and stay calm. ②（ ）Moderate exercise is good for health. chain 【A】n. 链条，一连串 【B】n. 连锁店 【C】v. 束缚；用链条拴住 [tʃeɪn] ①（ ）This supermarket belongs to a large chain. ②（ ）Fear chained him and stopped him from trying new things. ③（ ）A chain of accidents caused the traffic jam. pirate 【A】n. 海盗，盗版者 【B】v. 盗版；抢劫 [ˈpaɪərɪt] ①（ ）It is illegal to pirate films and books. ②（ ）The story is about pirates sailing on the sea. advance 【A】n. 前进；进步 【B】n. 预付款 【C】adj. 提前的；预先的【D】v. 前进；提前；提出 [ədˈvɑːns] ①（ ）You need to make advance booking for the hotel. ②（ ）Scientists have made great advances in medicine. ③（ ）He advanced a new plan at the conference. ④（ ）The worker asked for an advance on salary. volunteer 【A】n. 志愿者；志愿兵 【B】v. (自愿)做 【C】adj. 志愿的 [vɒlənˈtɪə] ①（ ）Many volunteer workers help clean the park. ②（ ）She volunteered to organize the activity. ③（ ）He works as a volunteer in the animal shelter. grant 【A】v. 授予；承认 【B】n. 拨款；授予物 [ɡrɑːnt] ①（ ）The university received a government grant for research. ②（ ）The judge granted him the right to appeal. register 【A】v. 注册，登记；挂号 【B】v. 显示 【C】n. 登记；寄存器 [ˈredʒɪstə] ①（ ）The thermometer registered 35 degrees. ②（ ）Please register before entering the library. ③（ ）The register records all visitors' names. comprehension 【A】n. 理解；理解力 [ˌkɒmpriˈhenʃn] ①（ ）Reading exercises improve your reading comprehension. ceremony 【A】n. 典礼；仪式；礼节 [ˈserɪməni] ①（ ）The graduation ceremony will be held next Friday. frighten 【A】v. 使惊吓；吓唬 [ˈfraɪtən] ①（ ）Don't frighten little children with scary stories. citizen 【A】n. 市民；公民；居民 [ˈsɪtɪzn] ①（ ）Every citizen should obey the law. precious 【A】adj. 珍贵的；宝贵的；矫揉造作的 [ˈpreʃəs] ①（ ）Time is the most precious treasure for young people. reluctant 【A】adj. 不情愿的，勉强的；厌恶的 [rɪˈlʌktənt] ①（ ）He was reluctant to give up his favourite hobby. courageous 【A】adj. 勇敢的；有胆量的 [kəˈreɪdʒəs] ①（ ）It was courageous of her to face the difficulty alone. awkward 【A】adj. 尴尬的；笨拙的；棘手的 [ˈɔːkwəd] ①（ ）An awkward silence fell over the room. propose 【A】v. 计划，提议；求婚；提名 [prəˈpəʊz] ①（ ）He proposed that we start the project earlier. abundant 【A】adj. 丰富的；充裕的；盛产的 [əˈbʌndənt] ①（ ）This area is abundant in natural resources. psychology 【A】n. 心理，心理学；心理状态 [saɪˈkɒlədʒi] ①（ ）He majors in psychology at university. pesticide 【A】n. 杀虫剂；农药 [ˈpestɪsaɪd] ①（ ）Farmers use less pesticide for green food. pursue：①【C】②【B】③【A】④【D】 moderate：①【B】②【A】 chain：①【B】②【C】③【A】 pirate：①【B】②【A】 advance：①【C】②【A】③【D】④【B】 volunteer：①【C】②【B】③【A】 grant：①【B】②【A】 register：①【A】②【B】③【C】 comprehension：①【A】 ceremony：①【A】 frighten：①【A】 citizen：①【A】 precious：①【A】 reluctant：①【A】 courageous：①【A】 awkward：①【A】 propose：①【A】 abundant：①【A】 psychology：①【A】 pesticide：①【A】 Section C 完形填空 （阅读下面短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。考察词义辨析、固定搭配、一词多义、语篇逻辑推理。） In recent years, more and more catering ___1___ stores have launched advance payment systems. Customers are required to pay deposits in ___2___ to reserve seats or enjoy exclusive discounts. This new consumption rule has triggered widespread public discussion and different levels of public ___3___. Many ordinary ___4___ hold mixed attitudes towards the system. Some people are ___5___ to accept it, worrying that prepaid fees may cause economic losses or limit their consumption freedom. They feel the new rule creates an ___6___ dining experience and breaks traditional casual dining habits. However, others hold rational ___7___ attitudes. They believe moderate prepayment can help restaurants arrange ingredients reasonably and avoid ___8___ food waste. Restaurant operators ___9___ this system to optimize service efficiency. As the catering industry faces fierce competition, many stores actively ___10___ stable customer sources and long-term development rather than temporary profits. Prepaid rules can effectively regulate customer flow and bring ___11___ and stable benefits for chain restaurants. It takes great ___12___ for the public to accept emerging consumption modes, as people’s consumption ___13___ is hard to change overnight. Experts suggest that businesses should fully respect consumer rights. They should not force prepayment or ___14___ consumers with strict rules. Relevant departments need to supervise the industry strictly and ___15___ standardized management regulations. Only in this way can the catering industry achieve healthy and sustainable development, gain public ___16___, and build a harmonious consumption environment. Rational and ___17___ consumption habits will finally become the mainstream of the catering market. The public should also enhance their risk awareness and distinguish formal platforms to ___18___ their precious consumer rights. Balancing commercial interests and public demands is an essential ___19___ for the sound development of the service industry and deserves widespread social ___20___. 1. A. chain B. boutique C. regional D. independent 2. A. priority B. reserve C. supplement D. substitute 3. A. debate B. comprehension C. feedback D. interaction 4. A. dwellers B. spectators C. customers D. participants 5. A. reluctant B. sluggish C. cautious D. rigid 6. A. cumbersome B. inconvenient C. stiff D. artificial 7. A. moderate B. detached C. impartial D. prudent 8. A. excessive B. idle C. surplus D. extravagant 9. A. propose B. endorse C. inaugurate D. uphold 10. A. pursue B. foster C. dictate D. facilitate 11. A. abundant B. steady C. durable D. continual 12. A. endurance B. tolerance C. time D. perseverance 13. A. temperament B. mindset C. tendency D. awareness 14. A. frighten B. confine C. intimidate D. restrain 15. A. revise B. formulate C. enforce D. institute 16. A. recognition B. credibility C. popularity D. privilege 17. A. modest B. rational C. sensible D. tactical 18. A. preserve B. safeguard C. insulate D. secure 19. A. criterion B. standard C. benchmark D. guideline 20. A. evaluation B. coverage C. concern D. scrutiny 解析： 1. 应填：A. chain。分析：句子意为“越来越多的‘连锁’餐饮店推出预付系统”，chain stores表示“连锁店”，为常用搭配。语法上chain为名词修饰stores。排除：B.boutique（精品店，强调小而精）；C.regional（区域性的，强调地区性）；D.independent（独立的，强调非连锁）。 2. 应填：B. reserve。分析：句子意为“要求顾客预付定金以‘预订’座位”，in reserve表示“预留、储备”，与reserve seats形成逻辑联系。语法上reserve为名词，作in的宾语。排除：A.priority（优先，强调优先权）；C.supplement（补充，强调附加）；D.substitute（替代，强调替换）。 3. 应填：B. comprehension。分析：句子意为“引发不同程度的公众‘理解’”，public comprehension表示“公众理解”，强调认知层面。语法上comprehension为名词，作of的宾语。排除：A.debate（辩论，强调争论）；C.feedback（反馈，强调意见反馈）；D.interaction（互动，强调双向交流）。 4. 应填：C. customers。分析：句子意为“许多普通‘顾客’对此系统持混合态度”，customers表示“顾客”，与全文消费主题一致。语法上customers为可数名词复数，作主语。排除：A.dwellers（居民，强调居住者）；B.spectators（观众，强调观看者）；D.participants（参与者，强调参与活动）。 5. 应填：A. reluctant。分析：句子意为“一些人‘不愿意’接受它”，reluctant to表示“不愿意”，强调不情愿。语法上reluctant为形容词，后接不定式。排除：B.sluggish（迟缓的，强调行动慢）；C.cautious（谨慎的，强调小心）；D.rigid（僵化的，强调死板）。 6. 应填：B. inconvenient。分析：句子意为“他们认为新规定造成了‘不方便的’用餐体验”，inconvenient dining experience表示“不便的用餐体验”，强调不便利。语法上inconvenient为形容词修饰experience。排除：A.cumbersome（笨重的，强调累赘）；C.stiff（僵硬的，强调不自然）；D.artificial（人工的，强调不自然）。 7. 应填：A. moderate。分析：句子意为“另一些人持理性的‘温和的’态度”，moderate attitudes表示“温和的态度”，强调不过激。语法上moderate为形容词修饰attitudes。排除：B.detached（超然的，强调冷漠）；C.impartial（公正的，强调不偏不倚）；D.prudent（谨慎的，强调小心慎重）。 8. 应填：A. excessive。分析：句子意为“避免‘过度的’食物浪费”，excessive food waste表示“过度食物浪费”，强调超过合理范围。语法上excessive为形容词修饰waste。排除：B.idle（闲置的，强调未使用）；C.surplus（剩余的，强调多余）；D.extravagant（奢侈的，强调浪费挥霍）。 9. 应填：A. propose。分析：句子意为“餐厅经营者‘提出’此系统以优化服务效率”，propose system表示“提出系统”，强调主动建议。语法上propose为及物动词，后接system。排除：B.endorse（赞同，强调支持）；C.inaugurate（开创，强调启动）；D.uphold（维护，强调维持）。 10. 应填：A. pursue。分析：句子意为“许多店铺积极‘追求’稳定客源和长期发展”，pursue sources表示“追求客源”，强调主动寻求。语法上pursue为及物动词，后接sources。排除：B.foster（培养，强调逐步养成）；C.dictate（支配，强调强制规定）；D.facilitate（促进，强调使便利）。 11. 应填：A. abundant。分析：句子意为“为连锁餐厅带来‘丰富的’稳定收益”，abundant benefits表示“丰富收益”，强调数量多。语法上abundant为形容词修饰benefits。排除：B.steady（稳定的，虽可搭配但与后文“stable”重复）；C.durable（持久的，强调耐久性）；D.continual（持续的，强调连续性）。 12. 应填：C. time。分析：句子意为“公众接受新兴消费模式需要‘时间’”，take time表示“需要时间”，为固定搭配。语法上time为名词，作takes的宾语。排除：A.endurance（忍耐力，强调忍受）；B.tolerance（容忍，强调宽容）；D.perseverance（毅力，强调坚持不懈）。 13. 应填：B. mindset。分析：句子意为“人们的消费‘心态’难以一夜改变”，consumption mindset表示“消费心态”，强调思维模式。语法上mindset为名词，作主语。排除：A.temperament（气质，多指性格）；C.tendency（倾向，强调趋势）；D.awareness（意识，强调认知）。 14. 应填：A. frighten。分析：句子意为“不应强迫预付或用严格规定‘吓唬’消费者”，frighten consumers表示“吓唬消费者”，强调恐吓。语法上frighten为及物动词，后接consumers。排除：B.confine（限制，强调约束范围）；C.intimidate（恐吓，虽可搭配但语气过重）；D.restrain（约束，强调控制行为）。 15. 应填：D. institute。分析：句子意为“制定标准化管理规定”，institute regulations表示“制定规定”，强调正式设立。语法上institute为及物动词，后接regulations。排除：A.revise（修订，强调修改已有）；B.formulate（制定，虽可搭配但多指计划）；C.enforce（执行，强调强制执行）。 16. 应填：A. recognition。分析：句子意为“获得公众‘认可’”，gain public recognition表示“获得公众认可”，强调承认和认同。语法上recognition为名词，作gain的宾语。排除：B.credibility（信誉，强调可信度）；C.popularity（流行度，强调受欢迎程度）；D.privilege（特权，强调特殊权利）。 17. 应填：B. rational。分析：句子意为“理性且‘合理的’消费习惯”，rational consumption habits表示“理性消费习惯”，与后文“rational”呼应。语法上rational为形容词修饰habits。排除：A.modest（适度的，强调不过分）；C.sensible（明智的，强调判断力）；D.tactical（策略性的，强调战术）。 18. 应填：A. preserve。分析：句子意为“保护宝贵的消费者权利”，preserve rights表示“保护权利”，强调维护不受损害。语法上preserve为及物动词，后接rights。排除：B.safeguard（保护，虽可搭配但更强调预防风险）；C.insulate（隔离，强调隔绝）；D.secure（获得/保护，强调确保安全）。 19. 应填：B. standard。分析：句子意为“平衡商业利益和公众需求是服务业健康发展的‘标准’”，essential standard表示“基本标准”，强调衡量基准。语法上standard为名词，作主语。排除：A.criterion（标准，与standard近义但更强调评判依据）；C.benchmark（标杆，强调参照点）；D.guideline（指导方针，强调方向指引）。 20. 应填：A. evaluation。分析：句子意为“值得广泛的社会‘评估’”，social evaluation表示“社会评估”，强调评价和审视。语法上evaluation为名词，作deserves的宾语。排除：B.coverage（覆盖范围，强调覆盖面）；C.concern（关切，强调关注）；D.scrutiny（审查，强调仔细检查）。 Section D 语法填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） Reading improves our ____________ (comprehension) as we ____________ (pursue) knowledge. We kept a ____________ (moderate) pace and broke the ____________ (chain) of ignorance. At the opening ____________ (ceremony), we warned villagers against ____________ (pirate) farm goods. We hoped ____________ (advance) rural education and never ____________ (frighten) local ____________ (citizen). We valued ____________ (precious) farm resources. Some farmers felt ____________ (reluctant) at first, yet ____________ (courageous) volunteers overcame ____________ (awkward) communication barriers. We ____________ (propose) making use of ____________ (abundant) rural wisdom and basic ____________ (psychology) skills. Many teenagers chose ____________ (volunteer). We explained safe use of ____________ (pesticide) and applied for official ____________ (grant). Every participant must ____________ (register) ahead of time. 解析： 1. 应填：comprehension。分析：句子意为“阅读提高我们的‘理解力’”。形容词性物主代词our后接名词comprehension，为不可数名词，表示“理解力、理解能力”。排除：comprehensions（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 2. 应填：pursue。分析：句子意为“当我们‘追求’知识时”。主语we为复数，一般现在时用pursue，表示“追求、寻求”。排除：pursues（第三人称单数，与we不匹配）。 3. 应填：moderate。分析：句子意为“我们保持‘适度的’节奏”。形容词moderate修饰pace，表示“适度的、中等的”。排除：moderately（副词，不修饰名词）。 4. 应填：chain。分析：句子意为“打破无知的‘链条’”。冠词the后接名词chain，表示“链条、束缚”。排除：chains（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 5. 应填：ceremony。分析：句子意为“在开幕‘仪式’上”。名词ceremony表示“仪式、典礼”，作at的宾语。排除：ceremonies（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 6. 应填：pirate。分析：句子意为“警告村民不要‘盗用’农产品”。介词against后接动名词pirating，但此处直接作宾语，用名词pirate表示“盗版/盗用行为”。排除：pirates（复数形式，与语境不符）。 7. 应填：advance。分析：句子意为“我们希望‘推进’农村教育”。hoped to后接动词原形advance，表示“推进、促进”。排除：advanced（过去式，不符合to后接原形结构）。 8. 应填：frighten。分析：句子意为“绝不‘吓唬’当地公民”。never后接动词原形frighten，表示“使害怕、吓唬”。排除：frightened（过去式，不符合never后接原形规则）。 9. 应填：citizens。分析：句子意为“当地‘公民’”。形容词local后接可数名词复数citizens，表示“公民、市民”。排除：citizen（单数形式，与语境不符）。 10. 应填：precious。分析：句子意为“我们重视‘宝贵的’农业资源”。形容词precious修饰resources，表示“宝贵的、珍贵的”。排除：preciously（副词，不修饰名词）。 11. 应填：reluctant。分析：句子意为“一些农民起初感到‘不情愿的’”。形容词reluctant作表语，表示“不情愿的、勉强的”。排除：reluctantly（副词，不符合系动词felt后接形容词的用法）。 12. 应填：courageous。分析：句子意为“然而‘勇敢的’志愿者”。形容词courageous修饰volunteers，表示“勇敢的”。排除：courageously（副词，不修饰名词）。 13. 应填：awkward。分析：句子意为“克服‘尴尬的’沟通障碍”。形容词awkward修饰barriers，表示“尴尬的、棘手的”。排除：awkwardly（副词，不修饰名词）。 14. 应填：proposed。分析：句子意为“我们‘提议’利用丰富的农村智慧”。描述过去行为，主语We为复数，用过去式proposed，表示“提议、建议”。排除：propose（现在时，与全文过去时态不一致）。 15. 应填：abundant。分析：句子意为“丰富的”农村智慧。形容词abundant修饰wisdom，表示“丰富的、充裕的”。排除：abundantly（副词，不修饰名词）。 16. 应填：psychological。分析：句子意为“基本的‘心理学的’技能”。形容词psychological修饰skills，表示“心理学的”。排除：psychologically（副词，不修饰名词）。 17. 应填：volunteer。分析：句子意为“许多青少年选择‘做志愿者’”。chose to后接动词原形volunteer，表示“做志愿者、自愿服务”。排除：volunteered（过去式，不符合to后接原形结构）。 18. 应填：pesticides。分析：句子意为“安全使用‘农药’”。名词pesticides复数表示“农药”。排除：pesticide（单数形式，与语境不符）。 19. 应填：grant。分析：句子意为“申请官方‘补助金’”。名词grant表示“补助金、拨款”，作applied for的宾语。排除：grants（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 20. 应填：register。分析：句子意为“每位参与者必须提前‘登记’”。must后接动词原形register，表示“登记、注册”。排除：registered（过去式，不符合must后接原形规则）。 Section E 中英互译 1. Officials advance new rules to fight pirate products and grant funds to citizens who register for environmental volunteer programs. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Farmers learn moderate use of pesticide, gaining better comprehension of how abundant resources form a complete industrial chain. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 勇敢追逐珍贵理想，不要畏惧尴尬处境，敢于主动提出创新方案。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 仪式上不少人心存顾虑，不愿直面困难，错失向前发展的良机。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 心理学研究表明，人们往往不愿改变固有习惯，需要持续引导与耐心沟通。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 1.主管部门推行新规打击盗版产品，并为报名环保志愿项目的市民提供资金补助。 2.农户学习适度使用农药，更加充分理解丰富资源如何构成完整产业链。 3.Pursue precious ideals courageously. Do not be frightened by awkward situations and dare to propose creative plans. 4.At the ceremony, many people feel reluctant to face difficulties directly and miss good chances to advance. 5.Psychological research shows people are often reluctant to change fixed habits, requiring constant guidance and patient communication. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $