20-高考核心688词汇 任务单-2027年高三英语二轮复习专项

**基本信息** 以核心词汇为轴，通过“背诵-辨析-语篇应用-语法转换-翻译实践”五级递进训练，融合查漏补缺法与语境迁移策略，系统提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单词背诵|20词|双轮默背+查漏补缺|音形义结合，建立词汇基础| |词义巩固|10词多义辨析|语境词义匹配法|从孤立释义到语境应用过渡| |完形填空|1篇20空|词义辨析+语篇逻辑推理|词汇在语篇中的综合运用| |语法填空|1篇15空|词形转换法|词汇语法化，强化语法应用| |中英互译|5句|词汇语境迁移法|词汇从输入到输出的转化|

Leaf 20 Section A 单词背诵 Section B 词义巩固 Section C 完形填空 Section D 语法填空 Section E 中英互译 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 enable[i'neibl] v. 使能够；使成为可能 £ £ £ £ £ £ revenge[ri'vendʒ] v. 报复；替… 报仇；n. 报复；报仇 £ £ £ £ £ £ casual['kæʒjuəl] adj. 不经心的，偶然的；随便的；临时的 £ £ £ £ £ £ destruction[di'strʌkʃən] n. 破坏，毁灭；摧毁 £ £ £ £ £ £ critical['kritikl] adj. 批评的，决定性的；临界的；挑剔的 £ £ £ £ £ £ fortunate['fɔ:tʃənit] adj. 幸运的；侥幸的；吉利的 £ £ £ £ £ £ adequate['ædikwit] adj. 足够的；适当的；胜任的 £ £ £ £ £ £ peer[piə] n. 同辈；贵族；v. 凝视；仔细看 £ £ £ £ £ £ ancestor['ænsistə] n. 祖宗；祖先；原型 £ £ £ £ £ £ pollution[pə'lu:ʃən] n. 污染；污染物 £ £ £ £ £ £ concentrate['kɔnsentreit] v. 专心，集中 (on)；浓缩；n. 浓缩物 £ £ £ £ £ £ ensure[in'ʃuə] v. 确保；保证；担保 £ £ £ £ £ £ administration[əd.mini'streiʃən] n. 管理，行政；政府；施行 £ £ £ £ £ £ latter['lætə] adj. 后者的；后面的；近来的；n. 后者 £ £ £ £ £ £ compound['kɔmpaund] n. 化合物；大院；复合词；adj. 复合的；v. 使恶化；合成 £ £ £ £ £ £ trend[trend] n. 趋势；倾向；时尚；v. 倾向；转向 £ £ £ £ £ £ present['preznt] adj. 当前的；出席的；n. 礼物；v. 呈现；颁发；介绍 £ £ £ £ £ £ lead[li:d] v. 带领；导致 (to)；过（某种生活）；通向；n. 领先；主角；线索 £ £ £ £ £ £ precise[pri'sais] adj. 精确的；严谨的；恰好的 £ £ £ £ £ £ ancient['einʃənt] adj. 古老的；古代的；年老的 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） revenge 【A】v. 报复；替…报仇 【B】n. 报复；报仇 [rɪˈvendʒ] ①（ ）He wanted revenge for the unfair treatment. ②（ ）She swore to revenge her family. peer 【A】n. 同辈；贵族 【B】v. 凝视；仔细看 [pɪə] ①（ ）Teenagers are easily influenced by their peers. ②（ ）He peered through the window to see what was inside. latter 【A】adj. 后者的；后面的；近来的 【B】n. 后者 [ˈlætə] ①（ ）I have a cat and a dog; I prefer the latter. ②（ ）He changed a lot in the latter part of his life. compound 【A】n. 化合物；大院；复合词【B】adj. 复合的【C】v. 使恶化；合成 [ˈkɒmpaʊnd] ①（ ）Severe stress compounded his health problems. ②（ ）Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen. ③（ ）"Classroom" is a compound word. trend 【A】n. 趋势；倾向；时尚 【B】v. 倾向；转向 [trend] ①（ ）Nowadays there is a trend towards green consumption. ②（ ）Opinions trend in favour of the new plan. present 【A】adj. 当前的；出席的【B】n. 礼物【C】v. 呈现；颁发；介绍 [ˈpreznt] ①（ ）The manager will present the prizes at the meeting. ②（ ）Everyone present agreed to the suggestion. ③（ ）He gave me a beautiful birthday present. lead 【A】v. 带领 【B】v. 导致(to) 【C】v. 过（某种生活）【D】v. 通向【E】n. 领先；主角；线索 [liːd] ①（ ）Hard work leads to success. ②（ ）This road leads to the railway station. ③（ ）She leads a simple and peaceful life. ④（ ）Our team kept the lead until the end. ⑤（ ）He will lead the group to visit the museum. enable 【A】v. 使能够；使成为可能 [ɪˈneɪbl] ①（ ）Practice enables you to make greater progress. casual 【A】adj. 不经心的，偶然的；随便的；临时的 [ˈkæʒjuəl] ①（ ）We had a casual talk in the street yesterday. destruction 【A】n. 破坏，毁灭；摧毁 [dɪˈstrʌkʃən] ①（ ）The storm caused great destruction to the village. critical 【A】adj. 批评的，决定性的；临界的；挑剔的 [ˈkrɪtɪkl] ①（ ）This is a critical moment for our project. fortunate 【A】adj. 幸运的；侥幸的；吉利的 [ˈfɔːtʃənɪt] ①（ ）She was fortunate enough to catch the last bus. adequate 【A】adj. 足够的；适当的；胜任的 [ˈædɪkwɪt] ①（ ）Make sure you have adequate sleep every day. ancestor 【A】n. 祖宗；祖先；原型 [ˈænsɪstə] ①（ ）Our ancestors lived in forests long ago. pollution 【A】n. 污染；污染物 [pəˈluːʃən] ①（ ）We should take action to reduce air pollution. concentrate 【A】v. 专心，集中(on)；浓缩；n. 浓缩物 [ˈkɒnsntreɪt] ①（ ）Concentrate on what the teacher says in class. ensure 【A】v. 确保；保证；担保 [ɪnˈʃʊə] ①（ ）Please ensure that all doors are locked before leaving. administration 【A】n. 管理，行政；政府；施行 [ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən] ①（ ）The school administration made new rules. precise 【A】adj. 精确的；严谨的；恰好的 [prɪˈsaɪs] ①（ ）You need precise data to support your opinion. ancient 【A】adj. 古老的；古代的；年老的 [ˈeɪnʃənt] ①（ ）Many ancient customs have been kept until now. revenge：①【B】②【A】 peer：①【A】②【B】 latter：①【B】②【A】 compound：①【C】②【A】③【B】 trend：①【A】②【B】 present：①【C】②【A】③【B】 lead：①【B】②【D】③【C】④【E】⑤【A】 enable：①【A】 casual：①【A】 destruction：①【A】 critical：①【A】 fortunate：①【A】 adequate：①【A】 ancestor：①【A】 pollution：①【A】 concentrate：①【A】 ensure：①【A】 administration：①【A】 precise：①【A】 ancient：①【A】 Section C 完形填空 （阅读下面短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。考察词义辨析、固定搭配、一词多义、语篇逻辑推理。） The discharge of nuclear wastewater into the ocean has become a global environmental concern in recent years. Many experts regard it as a ___1___ threat to marine ecosystems and human survival. It is not a ___2___ incident but a long-term crisis that may bring irreversible ecological ___3___ to the entire planet. Unlike common marine ___4___, nuclear wastewater contains numerous radioactive substances. If people fail to take ___5___ and effective measures, the pollution will ___6___ and worsen over time. Many marine creatures will lose their habitats, and the damage will even affect ___7___ marine species and destroy the heritage left by our ___8___. Most environmentalists ___9___ on the severe consequences and call for joint efforts worldwide. Local environmental ___10___ has been criticized for failing to ___11___ public safety and ignoring global concerns. The ___12___ part of the crisis is that improper disposal will ___13___ worse ecological risks and form a ___14___ disaster chain. We are not ___15___ enough to escape its influence, and no country can be an outsider. To reverse the bad ___16___, the international community must strengthen supervision and cooperation. Authorities need to conduct ___17___ detection of nuclear radiation and adopt scientific solutions. Such joint efforts will ___18___ humans to defend the shared ocean home. We should learn lessons from this incident and avoid seeking selfish interests or taking ___19___ actions. Only global solidarity can stop ecological damage and ___20___ sustainable marine development. 1. A. critical B. fatal C. harsh D. intense 2. A. sporadic B. accidental C. incidental D. irregular 3. A. devastation B. impairment C. harm D. breakdown 4. A. pollution B. residue C. litter D. sewage 5. A. ample B. exhaustive C. thorough D. integrated 6. A. permeate B. expand C. stretch D. radiate 7. A. rare B. primitive C. exquisite D. exotic 8. A. ancestors B. predecessors C. seniors D. kinfolk 9. A. caution B. emphasize C. elaborate D. illustrate 10. A. governance B. institution C. department D. bureau 11. A. secure B. guarantee C. uphold D. conserve 12. A. worst B. gravest C. harshest D. darkest 13. A. provoke B. cause C. generate D. trigger 14. A. compound B. continual C. overlapping D. successive 15. A. fortunate B. blessed C. privileged D. prosperous 16. A. trend B. plight C. condition D. scenario 17. A. meticulous B. accurate C. rigorous D. systematic 18. A. empower B. reinforce C. enable D. sustain 19. A. reckless B. abrupt C. frantic D. hasty 20. A. ensure B. foster C. facilitate D. expedite 解析： 1. 应填：A. critical。分析：句子意为“许多专家将其视为对海洋生态系统和人类生存的‘关键/严重的’威胁”，critical threat表示“严重威胁”，强调问题的关键性和紧迫性。语法上critical为形容词修饰threat。排除：B.fatal（致命的，语气过重）；C.harsh（严酷的，多形容环境）；D.intense（强烈的，多形容强度）。 2. 应填：B. accidental。分析：句子意为“这不是一个‘偶然的’事件，而是一场长期危机”，accidenta lincident表示“偶然事件”，与后文“长期危机”形成对比。语法上accidental为形容词修饰incident。排除：A.sporadic（零星的，强调偶发性）；C.incidental（附带的，强调次要性）；D.irregular（不规则的，强调无规律）。 3. 应填：C. harm。分析：句子意为“可能给整个地球带来不可逆转的生态‘损害’”，ecological harm表示“生态损害”，强调伤害后果。语法上harm为不可数名词，作bring的宾语。排除：A.devastation（毁灭，语气过重）；B.impairment（损伤，多指功能损害）；D.breakdown（崩溃，多指系统失效）。 4. 应填：A. pollution。分析：句子意为“与常见的海洋‘污染’不同”，marine pollution表示“海洋污染”，为常用搭配。语法上pollution为不可数名词，作from的宾语。排除：B.residue（残留物，强调剩余物质）；C.litter（垃圾，多指固体废弃物）；D.sewage（污水，多指生活废水）。 5. 应填：C. thorough。分析：句子意为“如果人们未能采取‘彻底的’有效措施”，thorough measures表示“彻底的措施”，强调全面性。语法上thorough为形容词修饰measures。排除：A.ample（充足的，强调数量）；B.exhaustive（详尽的，多指研究或调查）；D.integrated（综合的，强调整合性）。 6. 应填：B. expand。分析：句子意为“污染将‘扩散’并随时间恶化”，expand表示“扩散、扩大”，强调污染范围的扩大。语法上expand为不及物动词。排除：A.permeate（渗透，强调穿透性）；C.stretch（延伸，多指物理拉伸）；D.radiate（辐射，强调向四周发射）。 7. 应填：A. rare。分析：句子意为“损害甚至会影响‘稀有’的海洋物种”，rare marine species表示“稀有海洋物种”，强调其珍贵性。语法上rare为形容词修饰species。排除：B.primitive（原始的，强调古老）；C.exquisite（精致的，强调精美）；D.exotic（异域的，强调外来）。 8. 应填：B. predecessors。分析：句子意为“破坏我们‘前辈’留下的遗产”，predecessors表示“前辈、前人”，强调先辈传承。语法上predecessors为名词，作by的宾语。排除：A.ancestors（祖先，多指家族血统）；C.seniors（长辈，强调年龄更大）；D.kinfolk（亲属，强调家庭关系）。 9. 应填：B. emphasize。分析：句子意为“大多数环保主义者‘强调’严重后果”，emphasize consequences表示“强调后果”，突出严重性。语法上emphasize为及物动词，后接consequences。排除：A.caution（警告，多接against）；C.elaborate（详细阐述，强调展开说明）；D.illustrate（说明，侧重举例）。 10. 应填：C. department。分析：句子意为“当地环保‘部门’受到批评”，environmental department表示“环保部门”，指具体行政机构。语法上department为名词，作主语。排除：A.governance（治理，强调管理过程）；B.institution（机构，多指大型组织）；D.bureau（局，虽可搭配但不如department常用）。 11. 应填：B. guarantee。分析：句子意为“未能‘保障’公共安全”，guarantee safety表示“保障安全”，强调确保安全实现。语法上guarantee为及物动词，后接safety。排除：A.secure（获得/保护，强调使安全）；C.uphold（维护，强调维持已有状态）；D.conserve（保护，强调保存资源）。 12. 应填：A. worst。分析：句子意为“危机的‘最糟糕’部分在于不当处理将引发更严重的生态风险”，worst part表示“最糟糕的部分”，强调最严重的一面。语法上worst为形容词，作定语。排除：B.gravest（最严重的，虽可但不如worst常用）；C.harshest（最严酷的，多形容环境）；D.darkest（最黑暗的，多形容时期）。 13. 应填：B. cause。分析：句子意为“引发更严重的生态风险”，排除：A.provoke（激起，多接反应或情绪）；C.generate（产生，为及物动词，后直接接宾语）；D.trigger（触发，为及物动词）。 14. 应填：A. compound。分析：句子意为“形成‘复合的’灾难链”，compound disaster chain表示“复合灾难链”，强调多重叠加效应。语法上compound为形容词修饰chain。排除：B.continual（持续的，强调连续性）；C.overlapping（重叠的，强调部分重合）；D.successive（连续的，强调先后顺序）。 15. 应填：C. privileged。分析：句子意为“我们‘没有特权’逃脱其影响”，privileged表示“有特权的”，常与enough搭配，表示“足够幸运”。语法上privileged为形容词作表语。排除：A.fortunate（幸运的，虽可搭配但不如privileged强调“特殊待遇”）；B.blessed（受祝福的，多用于宗教语境）；D.prosperous（繁荣的，语义不符）。 16. 应填：A. trend。分析：句子意为“为了扭转不良‘趋势’”，reverse the trend表示“扭转趋势”，为常用搭配。语法上trend为名词，作reverse的宾语。排除：B.plight（困境，强调艰难处境）；C.condition（状况，强调状态）；D.scenario（情景，强调设想场景）。 17. 应填：B. accurate。分析：句子意为“进行‘准确的’核辐射检测”，accurate detection表示“准确检测”，强调数据精确。语法上accurate为形容词修饰detection。排除：A.meticulous（细致的，强调细心）；C.rigorous（严格的，强调标准严）；D.systematic（系统的，强调条理性）。 18. 应填：C. enable。分析：句子意为“这种共同努力将‘使’人类能够捍卫共享的海洋家园”，enable sb. to do表示“使某人能够做某事”，为固定搭配。语法上enable为及物动词，后接humans to defend。排除：A.empower（授权，强调赋予权力）；B.reinforce（加强，不搭配不定式）；D.sustain（维持，不搭配不定式）。 19. 应填：A.reckless。分析：句子意为“避免‘鲁莽的’行动”，D.frantic actions表示“狂乱的行动”。B.abrupt（突然的，强调突发性）；D.hasty（仓促的，强调匆忙）。 20. 应填：A. ensure。分析：句子意为“确保可持续的海洋发展”，ensure sustainable development表示“确保可持续发展”，强调保障实现。语法上ensure为及物动词，后接development。排除：B.foster（培养，强调促进成长）；C.facilitate（促进，强调使便利）；D.expedite（加速，强调加快进程）。 Section D 语法填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） Knowledge will ____________ (enable) us to protect nature rather than seek ____________ (revenge) on it. Some ____________ (casual) daily acts bring gradual environmental ____________ (destruction). It is ____________ (critical) that we are ____________ (fortunate) to gain ____________ (adequate) support from teachers and every ____________ (peer). Our ____________ (ancestor) lived peacefully alongside nature. Nowadays plastic ____________ (pollution) reminds us ____________ (concentrate) efforts ____________ (ensure) ecological safety. Local ____________ (administration) put forward two plans: the former focuses on rubbish cleanup and the ____________ (latter) avoids ____________ (compound) environmental risks. We observe the eco ____________ (trend), ____________ (present) practical suggestions and hope ____________ (lead) citizens ____________ (take) ____________ (precise) action to guard our ancient hometown. 解析： 1. 应填：enable。分析：句子意为“知识将‘使我们能够’保护自然”。will后接动词原形enable，表示“使能够”。排除：enables（第三人称单数，不符合will后接原形规则）。 2. 应填：revenge。分析：句子意为“而不是寻求对自然的‘报复’”。名词revenge表示“报复、复仇”，作seek的宾语。排除：revenges（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 3. 应填：casual。分析：句子意为“一些‘随意的’日常行为”。形容词casual修饰acts，表示“随意的、不经意的”。排除：casually（副词，不修饰名词）。 4. 应填：destruction。分析：句子意为“带来逐渐的环境‘破坏’”。形容词environmental后接名词destruction，为不可数名词，表示“破坏、毁灭”。排除：destructions（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 5. 应填：critical。分析：句子意为“这是‘至关重要的’”。形容词critical作表语，表示“至关重要的、关键的”。排除：critically（副词，不符合系动词is后接形容词的用法）。 6. 应填：fortunate。分析：句子意为“我们是‘幸运的’”。形容词fortunate作表语，表示“幸运的”。排除：fortunately（副词，不符合系动词are后接形容词的用法）。 7. 应填：adequate。分析：句子意为“获得‘足够的’支持”。形容词adequate修饰support，表示“足够的、充分的”。排除：adequately（副词，不修饰名词）。 8. 应填：peers。分析：句子意为“每一位‘同龄人/伙伴’”。形容词every后接可数名词单数peer，但此处表示“来自每一位同龄人”，用单数形式。排除：peers（复数形式，与every不搭配）。 9. 应填：ancestors。分析：句子意为“我们的‘祖先’与自然和平共处”。名词ancestors复数表示“祖先”。排除：ancestor（单数形式，与语境不符）。 10. 应填：pollution。分析：句子意为“如今塑料‘污染’提醒我们”。名词pollution为不可数名词，表示“污染”。排除：pollutions（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 11. 应填：concentrate。分析：句子意为“提醒我们‘集中’精力”。reminds sb. to后接动词原形concentrate，表示“集中（注意力）”。排除：concentrated（过去式，不符合to后接原形结构）。 12. 应填：ensure。分析：句子意为“以‘确保’生态安全”。不定式to后接动词原形ensure，表示“确保”。排除：ensured（过去式，不符合to后接原形结构）。 13. 应填：administration。分析：句子意为“当地‘行政机构’”。名词administration表示“行政部门”，作主语。排除：administrations（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 14. 应填：latter。分析：句子意为“后者避免……”。the latter表示“后者”，与前文“the former”对应。排除：later（副词，表示“后来”，不符合语境）。 15. 应填：compound。分析：句子意为“避免‘复合的’环境风险”。动词avoid后接动名词compounding，但此处作形容词修饰risks，用原形compound表示“复合的、加剧的”。排除：compounded（过去式，不符合形容词位置）。 16. 应填：trend。分析：句子意为“我们观察生态‘趋势’”。名词trend表示“趋势、动向”。排除：trends（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 17. 应填：present。分析：句子意为“‘提出’切实可行的建议”。主语We为复数，一般现在时用present，表示“提出、呈献”。排除：presents（第三人称单数，与We不匹配）。 18. 应填：lead。分析：句子意为“希望‘引导’公民”。hope to后接动词原形lead，表示“引导、带领”。排除：led（过去式，不符合to后接原形结构）。 19. 应填：take。分析：句子意为“引导公民‘采取’精确行动”。lead sb. to后接动词原形take，表示“采取（行动）”。排除：took（过去式，不符合to后接原形结构）。 20. 应填：precise。分析：句子意为“‘精确的’行动”。形容词precise修饰action，表示“精确的、准确的”。排除：precisely（副词，不修饰名词）。 Section E 中英互译 1. The administration concentrates on pollution control to ensure adequate resources and lead the industry toward a green developing trend. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Researchers compare ancient customs with the latter social rules and present precise data for critical environmental assessment. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 幸运的是，这场破坏没有持续蔓延，也没有让他一心想着报复而丧失理智。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 不要抱着随意敷衍的态度对待同辈建议，它能够帮助你看清复杂叠加的各类风险。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 尊重先辈传承的智慧，充分利用现有条件，使我们有能力应对潜在危机。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 1.管理部门集中力量治理污染，保障充足资源，引领行业走向绿色发展趋势。 2.研究者对比古老习俗与后世社会准则，并提供精准数据用于关键环境评估。 3.Fortunately, this destruction did not spread continuously, nor did it drive him to seek revenge and lose reason. 4.Do not treat peers’ suggestions in a casual attitude; they can help you see various compound risks clearly. 5.Respect the wisdom passed down from our ancestors and make full use of existing conditions, which enable us to cope with potential crises. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Leaf 20 Section A 单词背诵 Section B 词义巩固 Section C 完形填空 Section D 语法填空 Section E 中英互译 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 enable[i'neibl] v. 使能够；使成为可能 £ £ £ £ £ £ revenge[ri'vendʒ] v. 报复；替… 报仇；n. 报复；报仇 £ £ £ £ £ £ casual['kæʒjuəl] adj. 不经心的，偶然的；随便的；临时的 £ £ £ £ £ £ destruction[di'strʌkʃən] n. 破坏，毁灭；摧毁 £ £ £ £ £ £ critical['kritikl] adj. 批评的，决定性的；临界的；挑剔的 £ £ £ £ £ £ fortunate['fɔ:tʃənit] adj. 幸运的；侥幸的；吉利的 £ £ £ £ £ £ adequate['ædikwit] adj. 足够的；适当的；胜任的 £ £ £ £ £ £ peer[piə] n. 同辈；贵族；v. 凝视；仔细看 £ £ £ £ £ £ ancestor['ænsistə] n. 祖宗；祖先；原型 £ £ £ £ £ £ pollution[pə'lu:ʃən] n. 污染；污染物 £ £ £ £ £ £ concentrate['kɔnsentreit] v. 专心，集中 (on)；浓缩；n. 浓缩物 £ £ £ £ £ £ ensure[in'ʃuə] v. 确保；保证；担保 £ £ £ £ £ £ administration[əd.mini'streiʃən] n. 管理，行政；政府；施行 £ £ £ £ £ £ latter['lætə] adj. 后者的；后面的；近来的；n. 后者 £ £ £ £ £ £ compound['kɔmpaund] n. 化合物；大院；复合词；adj. 复合的；v. 使恶化；合成 £ £ £ £ £ £ trend[trend] n. 趋势；倾向；时尚；v. 倾向；转向 £ £ £ £ £ £ present['preznt] adj. 当前的；出席的；n. 礼物；v. 呈现；颁发；介绍 £ £ £ £ £ £ lead[li:d] v. 带领；导致 (to)；过（某种生活）；通向；n. 领先；主角；线索 £ £ £ £ £ £ precise[pri'sais] adj. 精确的；严谨的；恰好的 £ £ £ £ £ £ ancient['einʃənt] adj. 古老的；古代的；年老的 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） revenge 【A】v. 报复；替…报仇 【B】n. 报复；报仇 [rɪˈvendʒ] ①（ ）He wanted revenge for the unfair treatment. ②（ ）She swore to revenge her family. peer 【A】n. 同辈；贵族 【B】v. 凝视；仔细看 [pɪə] ①（ ）Teenagers are easily influenced by their peers. ②（ ）He peered through the window to see what was inside. latter 【A】adj. 后者的；后面的；近来的 【B】n. 后者 [ˈlætə] ①（ ）I have a cat and a dog; I prefer the latter. ②（ ）He changed a lot in the latter part of his life. compound 【A】n. 化合物；大院；复合词【B】adj. 复合的【C】v. 使恶化；合成 [ˈkɒmpaʊnd] ①（ ）Severe stress compounded his health problems. ②（ ）Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen. ③（ ）"Classroom" is a compound word. trend 【A】n. 趋势；倾向；时尚 【B】v. 倾向；转向 [trend] ①（ ）Nowadays there is a trend towards green consumption. ②（ ）Opinions trend in favour of the new plan. present 【A】adj. 当前的；出席的【B】n. 礼物【C】v. 呈现；颁发；介绍 [ˈpreznt] ①（ ）The manager will present the prizes at the meeting. ②（ ）Everyone present agreed to the suggestion. ③（ ）He gave me a beautiful birthday present. lead 【A】v. 带领 【B】v. 导致(to) 【C】v. 过（某种生活）【D】v. 通向【E】n. 领先；主角；线索 [liːd] ①（ ）Hard work leads to success. ②（ ）This road leads to the railway station. ③（ ）She leads a simple and peaceful life. ④（ ）Our team kept the lead until the end. ⑤（ ）He will lead the group to visit the museum. enable 【A】v. 使能够；使成为可能 [ɪˈneɪbl] ①（ ）Practice enables you to make greater progress. casual 【A】adj. 不经心的，偶然的；随便的；临时的 [ˈkæʒjuəl] ①（ ）We had a casual talk in the street yesterday. destruction 【A】n. 破坏，毁灭；摧毁 [dɪˈstrʌkʃən] ①（ ）The storm caused great destruction to the village. critical 【A】adj. 批评的，决定性的；临界的；挑剔的 [ˈkrɪtɪkl] ①（ ）This is a critical moment for our project. fortunate 【A】adj. 幸运的；侥幸的；吉利的 [ˈfɔːtʃənɪt] ①（ ）She was fortunate enough to catch the last bus. adequate 【A】adj. 足够的；适当的；胜任的 [ˈædɪkwɪt] ①（ ）Make sure you have adequate sleep every day. ancestor 【A】n. 祖宗；祖先；原型 [ˈænsɪstə] ①（ ）Our ancestors lived in forests long ago. pollution 【A】n. 污染；污染物 [pəˈluːʃən] ①（ ）We should take action to reduce air pollution. concentrate 【A】v. 专心，集中(on)；浓缩；n. 浓缩物 [ˈkɒnsntreɪt] ①（ ）Concentrate on what the teacher says in class. ensure 【A】v. 确保；保证；担保 [ɪnˈʃʊə] ①（ ）Please ensure that all doors are locked before leaving. administration 【A】n. 管理，行政；政府；施行 [ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃən] ①（ ）The school administration made new rules. precise 【A】adj. 精确的；严谨的；恰好的 [prɪˈsaɪs] ①（ ）You need precise data to support your opinion. ancient 【A】adj. 古老的；古代的；年老的 [ˈeɪnʃənt] ①（ ）Many ancient customs have been kept until now. Section C 完形填空 （阅读下面短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。考察词义辨析、固定搭配、一词多义、语篇逻辑推理。） The discharge of nuclear wastewater into the ocean has become a global environmental concern in recent years. Many experts regard it as a ___1___ threat to marine ecosystems and human survival. It is not a ___2___ incident but a long-term crisis that may bring irreversible ecological ___3___ to the entire planet. Unlike common marine ___4___, nuclear wastewater contains numerous radioactive substances. If people fail to take ___5___ and effective measures, the pollution will ___6___ and worsen over time. Many marine creatures will lose their habitats, and the damage will even affect ___7___ marine species and destroy the heritage left by our ___8___. Most environmentalists ___9___ on the severe consequences and call for joint efforts worldwide. Local environmental ___10___ has been criticized for failing to ___11___ public safety and ignoring global concerns. The ___12___ part of the crisis is that improper disposal will ___13___ worse ecological risks and form a ___14___ disaster chain. We are not ___15___ enough to escape its influence, and no country can be an outsider. To reverse the bad ___16___, the international community must strengthen supervision and cooperation. Authorities need to conduct ___17___ detection of nuclear radiation and adopt scientific solutions. Such joint efforts will ___18___ humans to defend the shared ocean home. We should learn lessons from this incident and avoid seeking selfish interests or taking ___19___ actions. Only global solidarity can stop ecological damage and ___20___ sustainable marine development. 1. A. critical B. fatal C. harsh D. intense 2. A. sporadic B. accidental C. incidental D. irregular 3. A. devastation B. impairment C. harm D. breakdown 4. A. pollution B. residue C. litter D. sewage 5. A. ample B. exhaustive C. thorough D. integrated 6. A. permeate B. expand C. stretch D. radiate 7. A. rare B. primitive C. exquisite D. exotic 8. A. ancestors B. predecessors C. seniors D. kinfolk 9. A. caution B. emphasize C. elaborate D. illustrate 10. A. governance B. institution C. department D. bureau 11. A. secure B. guarantee C. uphold D. conserve 12. A. worst B. gravest C. harshest D. darkest 13. A. provoke B. cause C. generate D. trigger 14. A. compound B. continual C. overlapping D. successive 15. A. fortunate B. blessed C. privileged D. prosperous 16. A. trend B. plight C. condition D. scenario 17. A. meticulous B. accurate C. rigorous D. systematic 18. A. empower B. reinforce C. enable D. sustain 19. A. reckless B. abrupt C. frantic D. hasty 20. A. ensure B. foster C. facilitate D. expedite Section D 语法填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） Knowledge will ____________ (enable) us to protect nature rather than seek ____________ (revenge) on it. Some ____________ (casual) daily acts bring gradual environmental ____________ (destruction). It is ____________ (critical) that we are ____________ (fortunate) to gain ____________ (adequate) support from teachers and every ____________ (peer). Our ____________ (ancestor) lived peacefully alongside nature. Nowadays plastic ____________ (pollution) reminds us ____________ (concentrate) efforts ____________ (ensure) ecological safety. Local ____________ (administration) put forward two plans: the former focuses on rubbish cleanup and the ____________ (latter) avoids ____________ (compound) environmental risks. We observe the eco ____________ (trend), ____________ (present) practical suggestions and hope ____________ (lead) citizens ____________ (take) ____________ (precise) action to guard our ancient hometown. Section E 中英互译 1. The administration concentrates on pollution control to ensure adequate resources and lead the industry toward a green developing trend. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Researchers compare ancient customs with the latter social rules and present precise data for critical environmental assessment. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 幸运的是，这场破坏没有持续蔓延，也没有让他一心想着报复而丧失理智。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 不要抱着随意敷衍的态度对待同辈建议，它能够帮助你看清复杂叠加的各类风险。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 尊重先辈传承的智慧，充分利用现有条件，使我们有能力应对潜在危机。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $