18-高考核心688词汇 任务单-2027年高三英语二轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单系统覆盖词汇、语法、阅读、翻译等核心考点，以“基础积累-语境应用-综合提升”为逻辑主线，将单词背诵、词义巩固与完形填空、语法填空、中英互译有机衔接，通过任务驱动引导学生自主构建知识网络。 亮点在于自主诊断与分层巩固设计，如Section A的默背打勾记录表帮助学生精准定位薄弱词汇，Section B的一词多义辨析任务培养思维品质，Section C-D结合高考题型强化语言能力。每个模块均设置自测反馈环节，助力学生个性化复习，教师可依据学情数据实施精准指导，有效提升备考效率。

Leaf 18 Section A 单词背诵 Section B 词义巩固 Section C 完形填空 Section D 语法填空 Section E 中英互译 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 greedy['gri:di] adj. 贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的 £ £ £ £ £ £ repeat[ri'pi:t] v. 重复；背诵；复制；n. 重复；副本 £ £ £ £ £ £ historical[his'tɔ:rikəl] adj. 历史的；有关历史的 £ £ £ £ £ £ adapt[ə'dæpt] v. 适应 (to)；改编；使适合 £ £ £ £ £ £ account[ə'kaunt] n. 帐户；描述；原因；账目；v. 解释，说明（for）；占（比例） £ £ £ £ £ £ cooperate[kəu'ɔpəreit] v. 合作 (with)；配合；协助 £ £ £ £ £ £ fundamental[.fʌndə'mentl] adj. 基本的；根本的；重要的； n. 基础；基本原理 £ £ £ £ £ £ stimulus['stimjələs] n. 刺激；刺激物；促进因素 £ £ £ £ £ £ spread[spred] v. 延伸；传播；展开；涂；n. 传播；范围 £ £ £ £ £ £ refresh[ri'freʃ] v. 恢复精神；使清新；更新 £ £ £ £ £ £ unemployment['ʌnim'plɔimənt] n. 失业；失业人数 £ £ £ £ £ £ recall[ri'kɔ:l] v. 回忆；召回；取消；n. 回忆；召回 £ £ £ £ £ £ position[pə'ziʃən] n. 位置；立场；职位；v. 定位，安置 £ £ £ £ £ £ hardly['hɑ:dli] adv. 几乎不；刚刚 £ £ £ £ £ £ predict[pri'dikt] v. 预言；预测；预报 £ £ £ £ £ £ focus['fəukəs] n. 焦点；中心；聚焦；v. 聚焦；集中注意力 (on) £ £ £ £ £ £ potential[pə'tenʃəl] adj. 潜在的；可能的；n. 潜力；潜能 £ £ £ £ £ £ possess[pə'zes] v. 拥有；具有；控制 £ £ £ £ £ £ amaze[ə'meiz] v. 使吃惊；使惊愕 £ £ £ £ £ £ hire['haiə] v. 雇请；租用；n. 租金；雇用 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） repeat 【A】v. 重复 【B】v. 背诵 【C】v. 复制 【D】n. 重复；副本 [rɪˈpiːt] ①（ ）Don't repeat the same mistake again. ②（ ）She can repeat the whole poem from memory. ③（ ）This painting is just a repeat of the original. ④（ ）They tried to repeat the successful experiment. adapt 【A】v. 适应(to) 【B】v. 改编 【C】v. 使适合 [əˈdæpt] ①（ ）The novel was adapted for the screen. ②（ ）You need to adapt yourself to the new life. ③（ ）We adapted the room to hold more people. account 【A】n. 账户 【B】n. 描述 【C】n. 原因；账目 【D】v. 解释，说明（for）【E】v. 占（比例） [əˈkaʊnt] ①（ ）He gave a clear account of what had happened. ②（ ）Women account for half of the workers. ③（ ）I opened a new bank account last week. ④（ ）How do you account for your being late? ⑤（ ）The manager checked the daily accounts. spread 【A】v. 延伸 【B】v. 传播 【C】v. 展开 【D】v. 涂 【E】n. 传播；范围 [spred] ①（ ）She spread butter on the bread. ②（ ）The bird spread its wings and flew away. ③（ ）News spreads quickly on the Internet. ④（ ）The forest spreads for many miles. ⑤（ ）We must stop the spread of the disease. recall 【A】v. 回忆 【B】v. 召回 【C】v. 取消 【D】n. 回忆；召回 [rɪˈkɔːl] ①（ ）The factory decided to recall all unsafe products. ②（ ）I cannot recall his telephone number. ③（ ）The recall of the meeting caused confusion. ④（ ）He recalled the plan at the last minute. position 【A】n. 位置 【B】n. 立场 【C】n. 职位 【D】v. 定位，安置 [pəˈzɪʃən] ①（ ）What is your position on this problem? ②（ ）The company offered him a high position. ③（ ）Please position the chair beside the window. ④（ ）Can you find the position of the city on the map? focus 【A】n. 焦点；中心 【B】n. 聚焦 【C】v. 聚焦；集中注意力(on) [ˈfəʊkəs] ①（ ）Turn the camera to get a clear focus. ②（ ）Please focus your attention on the teacher's words. ③（ ）Climate change has become the focus of discussion. hire 【A】v. 雇请 【B】v. 租用 【C】n. 租金；雇用 [ˈhaɪə] ①（ ）We plan to hire a small bus for the trip. ②（ ）They hire several workers to help harvest. ③（ ）The car is for hire at the gate. greedy 【A】adj. 贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的 [ˈɡriːdi] ①（ ）He is greedy for success and works day and night. historical 【A】adj. 历史的；有关历史的 [hɪsˈtɒrɪkəl] ①（ ）Many historical buildings are well protected here. cooperate 【A】v. 合作(with)；配合；协助 [kəʊˈɒpəreɪt] ①（ ）If we cooperate closely, we will finish the task soon. fundamental 【A】adj. 基本的；根本的；重要的；n. 基础；基本原理 [ˌfʌndəˈmentl] ①（ ）Honesty is a fundamental quality for everyone. stimulus 【A】n. 刺激；刺激物；促进因素 [ˈstɪmjələs] ①（ ）Low interest rates act as a stimulus to trade. refresh 【A】v. 恢复精神；使清新；更新 [rɪˈfreʃ] ①（ ）A cup of cold drink can refresh you in hot weather. unemployment 【A】n. 失业；失业人数 [ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt] ①（ ）The government took measures to reduce unemployment. hardly 【A】adv. 几乎不；刚刚 [ˈhɑːdli] ①（ ）I hardly have time for hobbies these days. predict 【A】v. 预言；预测；预报 [prɪˈdɪkt] ①（ ）Experts cannot predict the result exactly. potential 【A】adj. 潜在的；可能的；n. 潜力；潜能 [pəˈtenʃəl] ①（ ）Every young person has great potential. possess 【A】v. 拥有；具有；控制 [pəˈzes] ①（ ）He possesses a good knowledge of physics. amaze 【A】v. 使吃惊；使惊愕 [əˈmeɪz] ①（ ）His wonderful progress amazed all his teachers. Section C 完形填空 （阅读下面短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。考察词义辨析、固定搭配、一词多义、语篇逻辑推理。） The outbreak of COVID-19 is one of the most ___1___ public health crises in modern history, which has profoundly changed people’s lifestyles and social operation modes. The virus rapidly ___2___ across the globe, leading to widespread social disruption and economic losses. Many enterprises failed to timely ___3___ to the sudden crisis, resulting in massive ___4___ and industrial stagnation. Some ___5___ businessmen even raised prices illegally, worsening the tough situation. Looking back, we can clearly ___6___ the lessons from this global crisis. The ___7___ cause of huge losses lies in insufficient early warning and poor global coordination. No single country can ___8___ complete safety on its own, so international ___9___ becomes extremely vital. Experts ___10___ that similar public health crises may ___11___ in the future if we ignore systemic prevention and preparation. To fix loopholes and restart the economy, governments issued economic ___12___ policies and adjusted industrial layouts. Instead of ___13___ only on short-term benefits, societies begin to explore the ___14___ value of public health systems. People gradually ___15___ their awareness of risk prevention and adjust their social ___16___ actively. Though the pandemic has ___17___ struck ordinary people’s lives, it also teaches us a ___18___ truth: global solidarity is the core of overcoming public crises. Only joint efforts can help humans embrace a more stable and predictable future. 1. A. historic B. urgent C. acute D. enormous 2. A. spread B. surged C. stretched D. extended 3. A. adapt B. adjust C. yield D. submit 4. A. layoffs B. bankruptcy C. downturn D. fatigue 5. A. greedy B. casual C. hollow D. rigid 6. A. recall B. diagnose C. summarize D. evaluate 7. A. fatal B. prime C. core D. apparent 8. A. possess B. guarantee C. uphold D. sustain 9. A. solidarity B. diplomacy C. negotiation D. partnership 10. A. speculate B. caution C. forecast D. testify 11. A. repeat B. recur C. surface D. prevail 12. A. stimulus B. welfare C. tariff D. fiscal 13. A. focusing B. dwelling C. fixating D. relying 14. A. potential B. peripheral C. marginal D. superficial 15. A. refresh B. elevate C. polish D. revise 16. A. mindset B. demeanor C. convention D. cognition 17. A. severely B. vastly C. deeply D. sharply 18. A. timeless B. profound C. plain D. subtle 19. A. collaboration B. unity C. teamwork D. interaction 20. A. stable B. robust C. steady D. solid Section D 语法填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） The old shop owner is never ____________ (greedy) for instant profit. He refuses ____________ (repeat) past mistakes and respects ____________ (historical) traditions. He learned ____________ (adapt) to modern markets and keeps careful ____________ (account). Local villagers ____________ (cooperate) to master ____________ (fundamental) business rules. Policy support serves as a ____________ (stimulus) ____________ (let) folk culture ____________ (spread). Travellers come ____________ (refresh) their minds. Many young locals worry about ____________ (unemployment). I can clearly ____________ (recall) his shop’s ____________ (position). We can ____________ (hardly) ____________ (predict) market changes, so we ____________ (focus) on exploring our ____________ (potential). Everyone ____________ (possess) strengths that can ____________ (amaze) others. The owner plans ____________ (hire) more young villagers. Section E 中英互译 1. Historical records account for fundamental rules, which help predict how new stimulus policies spread and affect local unemployment. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Firms hardly recall all past mistakes, so they focus on hiring talents who possess great potential to adapt to market changes. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 不要贪求短期利益，主动与伙伴协作，时常复盘过往经验，不断更新认知。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 很多人会反复犯下同类错误，难以找准自身定位，错失发展良机。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 眼前蕴藏的发展潜力常常令人惊叹，我们应当立足根本，稳步谋求长远发展。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Leaf 18 Section A 单词背诵 Section B 词义巩固 Section C 完形填空 Section D 语法填空 Section E 中英互译 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 greedy['gri:di] adj. 贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的 £ £ £ £ £ £ repeat[ri'pi:t] v. 重复；背诵；复制；n. 重复；副本 £ £ £ £ £ £ historical[his'tɔ:rikəl] adj. 历史的；有关历史的 £ £ £ £ £ £ adapt[ə'dæpt] v. 适应 (to)；改编；使适合 £ £ £ £ £ £ account[ə'kaunt] n. 帐户；描述；原因；账目；v. 解释，说明（for）；占（比例） £ £ £ £ £ £ cooperate[kəu'ɔpəreit] v. 合作 (with)；配合；协助 £ £ £ £ £ £ fundamental[.fʌndə'mentl] adj. 基本的；根本的；重要的； n. 基础；基本原理 £ £ £ £ £ £ stimulus['stimjələs] n. 刺激；刺激物；促进因素 £ £ £ £ £ £ spread[spred] v. 延伸；传播；展开；涂；n. 传播；范围 £ £ £ £ £ £ refresh[ri'freʃ] v. 恢复精神；使清新；更新 £ £ £ £ £ £ unemployment['ʌnim'plɔimənt] n. 失业；失业人数 £ £ £ £ £ £ recall[ri'kɔ:l] v. 回忆；召回；取消；n. 回忆；召回 £ £ £ £ £ £ position[pə'ziʃən] n. 位置；立场；职位；v. 定位，安置 £ £ £ £ £ £ hardly['hɑ:dli] adv. 几乎不；刚刚 £ £ £ £ £ £ predict[pri'dikt] v. 预言；预测；预报 £ £ £ £ £ £ focus['fəukəs] n. 焦点；中心；聚焦；v. 聚焦；集中注意力 (on) £ £ £ £ £ £ potential[pə'tenʃəl] adj. 潜在的；可能的；n. 潜力；潜能 £ £ £ £ £ £ possess[pə'zes] v. 拥有；具有；控制 £ £ £ £ £ £ amaze[ə'meiz] v. 使吃惊；使惊愕 £ £ £ £ £ £ hire['haiə] v. 雇请；租用；n. 租金；雇用 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） repeat 【A】v. 重复 【B】v. 背诵 【C】v. 复制 【D】n. 重复；副本 [rɪˈpiːt] ①（ ）Don't repeat the same mistake again. ②（ ）She can repeat the whole poem from memory. ③（ ）This painting is just a repeat of the original. ④（ ）They tried to repeat the successful experiment. adapt 【A】v. 适应(to) 【B】v. 改编 【C】v. 使适合 [əˈdæpt] ①（ ）The novel was adapted for the screen. ②（ ）You need to adapt yourself to the new life. ③（ ）We adapted the room to hold more people. account 【A】n. 账户 【B】n. 描述 【C】n. 原因；账目 【D】v. 解释，说明（for）【E】v. 占（比例） [əˈkaʊnt] ①（ ）He gave a clear account of what had happened. ②（ ）Women account for half of the workers. ③（ ）I opened a new bank account last week. ④（ ）How do you account for your being late? ⑤（ ）The manager checked the daily accounts. spread 【A】v. 延伸 【B】v. 传播 【C】v. 展开 【D】v. 涂 【E】n. 传播；范围 [spred] ①（ ）She spread butter on the bread. ②（ ）The bird spread its wings and flew away. ③（ ）News spreads quickly on the Internet. ④（ ）The forest spreads for many miles. ⑤（ ）We must stop the spread of the disease. recall 【A】v. 回忆 【B】v. 召回 【C】v. 取消 【D】n. 回忆；召回 [rɪˈkɔːl] ①（ ）The factory decided to recall all unsafe products. ②（ ）I cannot recall his telephone number. ③（ ）The recall of the meeting caused confusion. ④（ ）He recalled the plan at the last minute. position 【A】n. 位置 【B】n. 立场 【C】n. 职位 【D】v. 定位，安置 [pəˈzɪʃən] ①（ ）What is your position on this problem? ②（ ）The company offered him a high position. ③（ ）Please position the chair beside the window. ④（ ）Can you find the position of the city on the map? focus 【A】n. 焦点；中心 【B】n. 聚焦 【C】v. 聚焦；集中注意力(on) [ˈfəʊkəs] ①（ ）Turn the camera to get a clear focus. ②（ ）Please focus your attention on the teacher's words. ③（ ）Climate change has become the focus of discussion. hire 【A】v. 雇请 【B】v. 租用 【C】n. 租金；雇用 [ˈhaɪə] ①（ ）We plan to hire a small bus for the trip. ②（ ）They hire several workers to help harvest. ③（ ）The car is for hire at the gate. greedy 【A】adj. 贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的 [ˈɡriːdi] ①（ ）He is greedy for success and works day and night. historical 【A】adj. 历史的；有关历史的 [hɪsˈtɒrɪkəl] ①（ ）Many historical buildings are well protected here. cooperate 【A】v. 合作(with)；配合；协助 [kəʊˈɒpəreɪt] ①（ ）If we cooperate closely, we will finish the task soon. fundamental 【A】adj. 基本的；根本的；重要的；n. 基础；基本原理 [ˌfʌndəˈmentl] ①（ ）Honesty is a fundamental quality for everyone. stimulus 【A】n. 刺激；刺激物；促进因素 [ˈstɪmjələs] ①（ ）Low interest rates act as a stimulus to trade. refresh 【A】v. 恢复精神；使清新；更新 [rɪˈfreʃ] ①（ ）A cup of cold drink can refresh you in hot weather. unemployment 【A】n. 失业；失业人数 [ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt] ①（ ）The government took measures to reduce unemployment. hardly 【A】adv. 几乎不；刚刚 [ˈhɑːdli] ①（ ）I hardly have time for hobbies these days. predict 【A】v. 预言；预测；预报 [prɪˈdɪkt] ①（ ）Experts cannot predict the result exactly. potential 【A】adj. 潜在的；可能的；n. 潜力；潜能 [pəˈtenʃəl] ①（ ）Every young person has great potential. possess 【A】v. 拥有；具有；控制 [pəˈzes] ①（ ）He possesses a good knowledge of physics. amaze 【A】v. 使吃惊；使惊愕 [əˈmeɪz] ①（ ）His wonderful progress amazed all his teachers. repeat：①【A】②【B】③【D】④【C】 adapt：①【B】②【A】③【C】 account：①【B】②【E】③【A】④【D】⑤【C】 spread：①【D】②【C】③【B】④【A】⑤【E】 recall：①【B】②【A】③【D】④【C】 position：①【B】②【C】③【D】④【A】 focus：①【B】②【C】③【A】 hire：①【B】②【A】③【C】 greedy：①【A】 historical：①【A】 cooperate：①【A】 fundamental：①【A】 stimulus：①【A】 refresh：①【A】 unemployment：①【A】 hardly：①【A】 predict：①【A】 potential：①【A】 possess：①【A】 amaze：①【A】 Section C 完形填空 （阅读下面短文，从每题所给 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。考察词义辨析、固定搭配、一词多义、语篇逻辑推理。） The outbreak of COVID-19 is one of the most ___1___ public health crises in modern history, which has profoundly changed people’s lifestyles and social operation modes. The virus rapidly ___2___ across the globe, leading to widespread social disruption and economic losses. Many enterprises failed to timely ___3___ to the sudden crisis, resulting in massive ___4___ and industrial stagnation. Some ___5___ businessmen even raised prices illegally, worsening the tough situation. Looking back, we can clearly ___6___ the lessons from this global crisis. The ___7___ cause of huge losses lies in insufficient early warning and poor global coordination. No single country can ___8___ complete safety on its own, so international ___9___ becomes extremely vital. Experts ___10___ that similar public health crises may ___11___ in the future if we ignore systemic prevention and preparation. To fix loopholes and restart the economy, governments issued economic ___12___ policies and adjusted industrial layouts. Instead of ___13___ only on short-term benefits, societies begin to explore the ___14___ value of public health systems. People gradually ___15___ their awareness of risk prevention and adjust their social ___16___ actively. Though the pandemic has ___17___ struck ordinary people’s lives, it also teaches us a ___18___ truth: global solidarity is the core of overcoming public crises. Only joint efforts can help humans embrace a more stable and predictable future. 1. A. historic B. urgent C. acute D. enormous 2. A. spread B. surged C. stretched D. extended 3. A. adapt B. adjust C. yield D. submit 4. A. layoffs B. bankruptcy C. downturn D. fatigue 5. A. greedy B. casual C. hollow D. rigid 6. A. recall B. diagnose C. summarize D. evaluate 7. A. fatal B. prime C. core D. apparent 8. A. possess B. guarantee C. uphold D. sustain 9. A. solidarity B. diplomacy C. negotiation D. partnership 10. A. speculate B. caution C. forecast D. testify 11. A. repeat B. recur C. surface D. prevail 12. A. stimulus B. welfare C. tariff D. fiscal 13. A. focusing B. dwelling C. fixating D. relying 14. A. potential B. peripheral C. marginal D. superficial 15. A. refresh B. elevate C. polish D. revise 16. A. mindset B. demeanor C. convention D. cognition 17. A. severely B. vastly C. deeply D. sharply 18. A. timeless B. profound C. plain D. subtle 19. A. collaboration B. unity C. teamwork D. interaction 20. A. stable B. robust C. steady D. solid 解析： 1. 应填：A. historic。分析：句子意为“新冠肺炎疫情是现代历史上最具‘历史性’的公共卫生危机之一”，historic强调事件具有重大历史意义，与“现代史”呼应。语法上historic为形容词，修饰crises。排除：B.urgent（紧急的，强调时效而非历史意义）；C.acute（急性的，多形容疾病本身）；D.enormous（巨大的，侧重规模而非历史地位）。 2. 应填：A. spread。分析：句子意为“病毒迅速在全球‘传播’”，spread表示“传播、蔓延”，强调病毒在地理上的扩散。语法上spread为不及物动词，过去式与原形同形。排除：B.surged（激增，强调数量猛增）；C.stretched（延伸，多指物理拉伸）；D.extended（扩展，多指范围延伸）。 3. 应填：B. adjust。分析：句子意为“许多企业未能及时‘适应’突发危机”，adjust to表示“适应、调整以适应”，强调主动调整应对变化。语法上adjust为不及物动词，后接介词to。排除：A.adapt（适应，虽可搭配但adapt to多指长期进化适应）；C.yield（屈服，语义相反）；D.submit（服从，语义不符）。 4. 应填：B. bankruptcy。分析：句子意为“导致大量‘破产’和产业停滞”，bankruptcy表示“破产”，与“massive”搭配强调企业倒闭规模。语法上bankruptcy为不可数名词，作resulting in的宾语。排除：A.layoffs（裁员，与industrial stagnation并列但侧重人员）；C.downturn（衰退，强调经济下行趋势）；D.fatigue（疲劳，语义不符）。 5. 应填：A. greedy。分析：句子意为“一些‘贪婪的’商人甚至非法抬价”，greedy businessmen表示“贪婪的商人”，与后文“非法抬价”形成因果。语法上greedy为形容词修饰businessmen。排除：B.casual（随意的，不搭配非法行为）；C.hollow（空洞的，语义不符）；D.rigid（僵化的，不强调道德问题）。 6. 应填：C. summarize。分析：句子意为“我们可以清楚地‘总结’这场全球危机的教训”，summarize lessons表示“总结教训”，强调归纳提炼。语法上summarize为及物动词，后接lessons。排除：A.recall（回忆，侧重回想经历）；B.diagnose（诊断，多用于医学）；D.evaluate（评估，侧重价值判断）。 7. 应填：C. core。分析：句子意为“巨大损失的‘核心’原因在于预警不足和全球协调不力”，core cause表示“核心原因”，强调根本性。语法上core为形容词修饰cause。排除：A.fatal（致命的，语气过重）；B.prime（主要的，虽可搭配但不如core强调根本）；D.apparent（明显的，不强调根本性）。 8. 应填：B. guarantee。分析：句子意为“没有任何国家能独自‘保证’绝对安全”，guarantee safety表示“保证安全”，强调确保实现。语法上guarantee为及物动词，后接safety。排除：A.possess（拥有，不搭配安全）；C.uphold（维护，强调保持已有状态）；D.sustain（维持，强调持续保持）。 9. 应填：A. solidarity。分析：句子意为“国际‘团结’变得极其重要”，solidarity表示“团结、 solidarity”，与后文“global solidarity”呼应。语法上solidarity为不可数名词，作主语。排除：B.diplomacy（外交，强调国家间外交关系）；C.negotiation（谈判，强调协商过程）；D.partnership（伙伴关系，强调合作关系）。 10. 应填：C. forecast。分析：句子意为“专家‘预测’类似的公共卫生危机未来可能‘再次发生’”，forecast表示“预测、预报”，强调对未来事件的推测。语法上forecast为及物动词，后接that从句。排除：A.speculate（推测，强调不确定性）；B.caution（警告，强调提醒危险）；D.testify（作证，多用于法律或正式场合）。 11. 应填：B. recur。分析：句子意为“类似的公共卫生危机可能‘再次发生’”，recur表示“再次发生、复发”，强调重复性。语法上recur为不及物动词。排除：A.repeat（重复，多指人为重复动作）；C.surface（浮现，强调出现而非再次发生）；D.prevail（盛行，强调广泛存在）。 12. 应填：A. stimulus。分析：句子意为“政府出台经济‘刺激’政策”，stimulus policies表示“刺激政策”，与后文“重启经济”直接呼应。语法上stimulus为形容词修饰policies。排除：B.welfare（福利，侧重社会保障）；C.tariff（关税，与重启经济无关）；D.fiscal（财政的，虽可搭配但不如stimulus具体）。 13. 应填：C. fixating。分析：句子意为“社会不再仅仅‘聚焦于’短期利益”，fixating on表示“聚焦于”，强调过度关注。语法上fixating为现在分词，与on搭配。排除：A.focusing（聚焦，虽可搭配但不如fixating强调“过度”）；B.dwelling（居住/详述，dwell on多指反复思考）；D.relying（依赖，rely on表示依靠）。 14. 应填：A. potential。分析：句子意为“探索公共卫生系统的‘潜在’价值”，potential value表示“潜在价值”，强调尚未充分认识的价值。语法上potential为形容词修饰value。排除：B.peripheral（边缘的，强调次要性）；C.marginal（微小的，强调不重要）；D.superficial（表面的，强调浅层）。 15. 应填：B. elevate。分析：句子意为“人们逐渐‘提升’风险防范意识”，elevate awareness表示“提升意识”，强调提高到更高水平。语法上elevate为及物动词，后接awareness。排除：A.refresh（刷新，强调更新）；C.polish（打磨，不搭配意识）；D.revise（修订，多指文本修改）。 16. 应填：D. cognition。分析：句子意为“积极调整他们的社会‘认知’”，social cognition表示“社会认知”，与后文“adapt”形成逻辑关系。语法上cognition为名词，作adjust的宾语。排除：A.mindset（思维方式，强调固定模式）；B.demeanor（举止，强调外在行为）；C.convention（惯例，强调传统习惯）。 17. 应填：A. severely。分析：句子意为“尽管疫情‘严重地’冲击了普通人的生活”，severely struck表示“严重冲击”，强调损害程度。语法上severely为副词修饰struck。排除：B.vastly（极大地，多修饰范围）；C.deeply（深刻地，多修饰情感或影响）；D.sharply（急剧地，多修饰变化速度）。 18. 应填：B. profound。分析：句子意为“也教会我们一个‘深刻的’真理”，profound truth表示“深刻的真理”，强调内涵深远。语法上profound为形容词修饰truth。排除：A.timeless（永恒的，强调不受时间影响）；C.plain（朴素的，强调简单明了）；D.subtle（微妙的，强调难以察觉）。 19. 应填：A. collaboration。分析：句子意为“全球‘合作’是克服公共危机的核心”，collaboration表示“合作、协作”，强调共同工作。语法上collaboration为名词，作主语。排除：B.unity（团结，虽与后文“global solidarity”近义但此处更强调行动）；C.teamwork（团队合作，多指团队内部）；D.interaction（互动，强调相互影响）。 20. 应填：A. stable。分析：句子意为“帮助人类迎接更‘稳定的’未来”，stable future表示“稳定的未来”，强调有序和可预测。语法上stable为形容词修饰future。排除：B.robust（强健的，强调韧性）；C.steady（平稳的，强调持续不变）；D.solid（坚实的，强调可靠基础）。 Section D 语法填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） The old shop owner is never ____________ (greedy) for instant profit. He refuses ____________ (repeat) past mistakes and respects ____________ (historical) traditions. He learned ____________ (adapt) to modern markets and keeps careful ____________ (account). Local villagers ____________ (cooperate) to master ____________ (fundamental) business rules. Policy support serves as a ____________ (stimulus) ____________ (let) folk culture ____________ (spread). Travellers come ____________ (refresh) their minds. Many young locals worry about ____________ (unemployment). I can clearly ____________ (recall) his shop’s ____________ (position). We can ____________ (hardly) ____________ (predict) market changes, so we ____________ (focus) on exploring our ____________ (potential). Everyone ____________ (possess) strengths that can ____________ (amaze) others. The owner plans ____________ (hire) more young villagers. 解析： 1. 应填：greedy。分析：句子意为“这家老店老板从不对即时利润‘贪婪’”。is后接形容词greedy作表语，表示“贪婪的”。排除：greed（名词，不符合系动词后接形容词的用法）。 2. 应填：repeat。分析：句子意为“他拒绝‘重复’过去的错误”。refuses to后接动词原形repeat，表示“重复”。排除：repeated（过去式，不符合to后接原形结构）。 3. 应填：historical。分析：句子意为“尊重‘历史的’传统”。形容词historical修饰traditions，表示“历史的、与历史相关的”。排除：historically（副词，不修饰名词）。 4. 应填：adapt。分析：句子意为“他学会‘适应’现代市场”。learned to后接动词原形adapt，表示“适应”，常与to搭配。排除：adapted（过去式，不符合to后接原形结构）。 5. 应填：accounts。分析：句子意为“并保持细致的‘账目’”。keep careful accounts表示“保持细致的账目”，accounts为复数名词。排除：account（单数形式，与语境不符）。 6. 应填：cooperate。分析：句子意为“当地村民‘合作’掌握基本商业规则”。主语Local villagers为复数，一般现在时用cooperate，表示“合作、协作”。排除：cooperates（第三人称单数，与复数主语不匹配）。 7. 应填：fundamental。分析：句子意为“掌握‘基本的’商业规则”。形容词fundamental修饰rules，表示“基本的、根本的”。排除：fundamentally（副词，不修饰名词）。 8. 应填：stimulus。分析：句子意为“政策支持作为‘刺激物’”。冠词a后接可数名词单数stimulus，表示“刺激物、激励”。排除：stimuli（复数形式，与a不搭配）。 9. 应填：let。分析：句子意为“以‘让’民间文化传播”。不定式to后接动词原形let，表示“让、使”。排除：lets（第三人称单数，不符合to后接原形结构）。 10. 应填：spread。分析：句子意为“让民间文化‘传播’”。let后接宾语+动词原形spread，表示“传播、扩散”。排除：spreads（第三人称单数，不符合let后接原形结构）。 11. 应填：refresh。分析：句子意为“旅行者前来‘放松/使清新’心灵”。come to后接动词原形refresh，表示“使清新、使精神焕发”。排除：refreshed（过去式，不符合to后接原形结构）。 12. 应填：unemployment。分析：句子意为“许多当地年轻人担心‘失业’”。介词about后接名词unemployment，表示“失业”。排除：unemployed（形容词，不符合介词后接名词的用法）。 13. 应填：recall。分析：句子意为“我能清晰地‘回忆’起”。情态动词can后接动词原形recall，表示“回忆、回想”。排除：recalls（第三人称单数，不符合can后接原形规则）。 14. 应填：position。分析：句子意为“他店铺的‘位置’”。名词position表示“位置、方位”，作recall的宾语。排除：positions（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 15. 应填：hardly。分析：句子意为“我们‘几乎不’能预测”。副词hardly修饰动词predict，表示“几乎不、很难”。排除：hard（形容词，不修饰动词）。 16. 应填：predict。分析：句子意为“预测市场变化”。情态动词can后接动词原形predict，表示“预测”。排除：predicts（第三人称单数，不符合can后接原形规则）。 17. 应填：focus。分析：句子意为“所以我们‘聚焦于’探索潜力”。主语we为复数，一般现在时用focus，常与on搭配，表示“聚焦”。排除：focuses（第三人称单数，与we不匹配）。 18. 应填：potential。分析：句子意为“探索我们的‘潜力’”。形容词性物主代词our后接名词potential，为不可数名词，表示“潜力”。排除：potentials（复数形式，此处泛指用单数）。 19. 应填：possesses。分析：句子意为“每个人‘拥有’可以让别人惊叹的优势”。主语Everyone为单数，一般现在时用possesses，表示“拥有”。排除：possess（原形，与单数主语不匹配）。 20. 应填：amaze。分析：句子意为“可以‘使’别人‘惊叹’”。情态动词can后接动词原形amaze，表示“使惊讶、使惊叹”。排除：amazes（第三人称单数，不符合can后接原形规则）。 21. 应填：hire。分析：句子意为“店主计划‘雇佣’更多年轻村民”。plans to后接动词原形hire，表示“雇佣、聘用”。排除：hired（过去式，不符合to后接原形结构）。 Section E 中英互译 1. Historical records account for fundamental rules, which help predict how new stimulus policies spread and affect local unemployment. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Firms hardly recall all past mistakes, so they focus on hiring talents who possess great potential to adapt to market changes. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 不要贪求短期利益，主动与伙伴协作，时常复盘过往经验，不断更新认知。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 很多人会反复犯下同类错误，难以找准自身定位，错失发展良机。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 眼前蕴藏的发展潜力常常令人惊叹，我们应当立足根本，稳步谋求长远发展。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 解析： 1.史料记载了根本性规律，有助于预判新的激励政策如何扩散并影响当地就业形势。 2.企业很难尽数吸取过往教训，因此着力招募拥有巨大潜力、能够适应市场变化的人才。 3.Do not be greedy for short-term gains. Cooperate actively with partners, recall past experience often and refresh your knowledge constantly. 4.Many people repeat similar mistakes, hardly find their proper position and miss good chances for development. 5.The potential for development ahead often amazes us. We should stick to fundamentals and pursue long-term progress steadily. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $