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高考高频单词 DAY 41(说明文阅读)
板块一:真题再现
[(2017·全国三卷·高考真题)]
The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named "DriveLAB" in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.
Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated and inactive.
Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.
These include custom-made navigation tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: "For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.
"But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to."
Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains: "The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.
"For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We're looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.
"We hope that our work will help with technological solutions to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel."
32. What is the purpose of the DriveLAB?
A. To explore new means of transport.
B. To design new types of cars.
C. To find out older drivers' problems.
D. To teach people traffic rules.
33. Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?
A. It keeps them independent.
B. It helps them save time.
C. It builds up their strength.
D. It cures their mental illnesses.
34. What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?
A. Improve their driving skills.
B. Develop driver-assist technologies.
C. Provide tips on repairing their cars.
D. Organize regular physical checkups.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. A New Model Electric Car
B. A Solution to Traffic Problem
C. Driving Service for Elders
D. Keeping Older Drivers on the Road
板块二:核心词汇(30个)
做高考真题,记高频单词 A genius is the person who repeats the most times!
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
electric car 电动汽车
mobile /ˈməʊbaɪl/ 移动的
laboratory /ləˈbɒrətəri/ 实验室
challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ 挑战
driver /ˈdraɪvə/ 驾驶员
discover /dɪˈskʌvə/ 发现
stress point 压力点;关键点
give up 放弃
driving /ˈdraɪvɪŋ/ 驾驶
well-being /ˌwel ˈbiːɪŋ/ 幸福;健康
isolated /ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/ 孤立的;隔绝的
inactive /ɪnˈæktɪv/ 不活跃的
in-vehicle /ɪn ˈviːɪkəl/ 车内的
custom-made /ˌkʌstəm ˈmeɪd/ 定制的
navigation /ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃən/ 导航
night vision 夜视
intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/ 智能的
adaptation /ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/ 适应;调整
particularly /pəˈtɪkjʊləli/ 尤其;特别
preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ 保护;保持
independence /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/ 独立
rely on 依赖;依靠
reaction /riˈækʃən/ 反应
avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ 避免
potentially /pəˈtenʃəli/ 潜在地
confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ 信心
speed limit 速度限制
fine /faɪn/ 罚款
solution /səˈluːʃən/ 解决方案
ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə/ 确保
板块三:词形变换(供背诵)
1. mobile /ˈməʊbaɪl/ 移动的 — mobility /məʊˈbɪləti/ 流动性 — mobilize /ˈməʊbəlaɪz/ 动员 — mobilization /ˌməʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ 动员 — immobile /ɪˈməʊbaɪl/ 不动的
2. challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ 挑战 — challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/ 有挑战性的 — challenger /ˈtʃælɪndʒə/ 挑战者 — unchallenged /ʌnˈtʃælɪndʒd/ 未受挑战的 — challengeable /ˈtʃælɪndʒəbəl/ 可质疑的
3. discover /dɪˈskʌvə/ 发现 — discovery /dɪˈskʌvəri/ 发现 — discoverer /dɪˈskʌvərə/ 发现者 — undiscovered /ˌʌndɪˈskʌvəd/ 未被发现的 — rediscover /ˌriːdɪˈskʌvə/ 重新发现
4. isolate /ˈaɪsəleɪt/ 孤立 — isolated /ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/ 孤立的 — isolation /ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən/ 孤立 — isolationism /ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃənɪzəm/ 孤立主义 — isolator /ˈaɪsəleɪtə/ 隔离器
5. active /ˈæktɪv/ 活跃的 — inactive /ɪnˈæktɪv/ 不活跃的 — activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ 活动 — activate /ˈæktɪveɪt/ 激活 — activation /ˌæktɪˈveɪʃən/ 激活
6. navigate /ˈnævɪɡeɪt/ 导航 — navigation /ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃən/ 导航 — navigator /ˈnævɪɡeɪtə/ 导航员 — navigable /ˈnævɪɡəbəl/ 可航行的 — unnavigable /ʌnˈnævɪɡəbəl/ 不可航行的
7. adapt /əˈdæpt/ 适应 — adaptation /ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/ 适应 — adaptable /əˈdæptəbəl/ 可适应的 — adaptability /əˌdæptəˈbɪləti/ 适应性 — maladaptation /ˌmælˌædæpˈteɪʃən/ 适应不良
8. preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ 保护 — preservation /ˌprezəˈveɪʃən/ 保护 — preservative /prɪˈzɜːvətɪv/ 防腐剂 — preserved /prɪˈzɜːvd/ 保存的 — preservable /prɪˈzɜːvəbəl/ 可保存的
9. depend /dɪˈpend/ 依赖 — independence /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/ 独立 — independent /ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/ 独立的 — independently /ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli/ 独立地 — dependent /dɪˈpendənt/ 依赖的
10. react /riˈækt/ 反应 — reaction /riˈækʃən/ 反应 — reactive /riˈæktɪv/ 反应的 — reactor /riˈæktə/ 反应堆 — overreact /ˌəʊvəriˈækt/ 反应过度
11. confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ 自信的 — confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ 信心 — confidently /ˈkɒnfɪdəntli/ 自信地 — overconfident /ˌəʊvərˈkɒnfɪdənt/ 过度自信的 — self-confident /ˌself ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ 自信的
板块四:选词填空
Group A(从以下8个词汇中选择填空,每个词限用一次)
可选词汇:mobile, laboratory, challenge, driver, discover, stress point, well-being, inactive
1. The research team is using a __________ lab to conduct experiments.
2. Giving up driving is a major __________ for many elderly people.
3. Older __________s often face difficulties on the road.
4. The study aims to __________ where the key stress points are.
5. The __________ of the elderly can be affected by losing their license.
6. A key __________ is when a driver must merge into heavy traffic.
7. Older adults who stop driving become __________ and isolated.
8. The __________ laboratory helps researchers study driver behavior.
Group B(从以下7个词汇中选择填空,每个词限用一次)
可选词汇:navigation, intelligent, preserve, independence, reaction, avoid, confidence
9. __________ systems help drivers find their way on unfamiliar roads.
10. __________ speed adaptation helps drivers maintain safe speeds.
11. The goal is to __________ older people's mobility and freedom.
12. Driving gives older people a sense of __________.
13. As people age, their __________ time slows down.
14. Some older drivers __________ challenging driving conditions.
15. Losing __________ in their driving skills leads some seniors to stop driving.
板块五:单词填空
A. 单句语法填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)
16. Giving up driving is one of the key __________ (reason) for a fall in well-being among older people.
17. The Newcastle team is developing in-vehicle technologies for __________ (old) drivers.
18. Custom-made navigation tools can help drivers __________ (maintain) their independence.
19. The research aims to understand the __________ (challenge) faced by older drivers.
20. As we get older, our __________ (react) slow down significantly.
21. People often __________ (avoid) challenging driving conditions as they age.
22. The __________ (result) is that people stop driving before they really need to.
23. The DriveLAB is __________ (help) us understand the difficulties older drivers face.
24. __________ (surprising), researchers found that older drivers struggled to maintain a constant speed.
25. The team __________ (hope) to provide technological solutions for older drivers.
B. 首字母单词拼写(根据首字母和句意补全单词)
26. Giving up driving is a major c__________ for many elderly people.
27. The research team is using a m__________ laboratory to study driver behavior.
28. Older d__________ often face difficulties on the road.
29. The study aims to d__________ where the key stress points are.
30. Older adults who stop driving become i__________ and isolated.
31. N__________ systems help drivers find their way on unfamiliar roads.
32. The goal is to p__________ older people's mobility and freedom.
33. Driving gives older people a sense of i__________.
34. As people age, their r__________ time slows down.
35. Losing c__________ in their driving skills leads some seniors to stop driving.
板块六:语篇翻译(英译汉,黑体词为关键)
A mobile laboratory called DriveLAB has been developed by researchers at Newcastle University to study the challenges faced by older drivers. The team is investigating why many seniors give up driving and how this affects their health and well-being. The research shows that stopping driving often leads to isolation and inactivity among the elderly. The project aims to find ways to help them stay on the road safely for as long as possible.
板块七:参考译文
纽卡斯尔大学的智能交通团队将一辆电动汽车改造成了一个名为“DriveLAB”的移动实验室,以了解老年司机面临的挑战,并发现关键的压力点在哪里。
研究表明,放弃驾驶是老年人健康水平下降的主要原因之一,导致他们变得更加孤立和不活跃。
在菲尔·布莱思教授的带领下,纽卡斯尔团队正在为老年司机开发车载技术,他们希望这些技术能够帮助老年司机继续驾驶到晚年。
这些技术包括定制的导航工具、夜视系统和智能速度适应系统。菲尔·布莱思解释说:“对许多老年人来说,尤其是那些独居或住在乡下的人,驾驶对于保持他们的独立性很重要,它给了他们出门活动的自由,而不必依赖他人。”
“但我们都必须接受,随着年龄的增长,我们的反应会变慢,这往往导致人们避免任何可能有挑战性的驾驶条件,并对自己的驾驶技能失去信心。结果是人们在真正需要之前就停止了驾驶。”
艾米·郭博士是老年司机研究的首席研究员,她解释说:“DriveLAB正在帮助我们了解老年司机的关键点和困难是什么,以及我们如何利用技术来解决这些问题。”
“例如,我们大多数人会认为老年司机总是比其他人开得慢,但令人惊讶的是,我们发现他们在时速30英里的区域很难保持恒定的速度,因此更有可能超速并面临被罚款的风险。我们正在研究控制车速的系统的好处,以此来防止这种情况发生。”
“我们希望我们的工作能够提供技术解决方案,确保老年司机在驾驶时更加安全。”
板块八:单词默写(汉译英)
电动汽车 __________
移动的 __________
实验室 __________
挑战 __________
驾驶员 __________
发现 __________
压力点;关键点 __________
放弃 __________
驾驶 __________
幸福;健康 __________
孤立的;隔绝的 __________
不活跃的 __________
车内的 __________
定制的 __________
导航 __________
夜视 __________
智能的 __________
适应;调整 __________
尤其;特别 __________
保护;保持 __________
独立 __________
依赖;依靠 __________
反应 __________
避免 __________
潜在地 __________
信心 __________
速度限制 __________
罚款 __________
解决方案 __________
确保 __________
【参考答案】
板块一 真题再现答案
32.C 33.A 34.B 35. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要通过“DriveLAB(驾驶行为观察实验室)”介绍了为老年人研制的一款电动汽车。
【详解】
32.C 事实细节题 根据第一段中 in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are 可知,DriveLAB 的目的为了找出老人开车所面对的主要问题。
33.A 事实细节题 根据第四段中 Phil Blythe 所说的话 For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence 可知,Phil Blythe 认为驾车对老年人很重要,因为这能使他们保持独立。
34.B 事实细节题 最后一段的内容 We hope that our work will help with technological solutions (方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel. 可知,研究者们希望能通过技术手段来帮助老年人们继续驾车。
35.D 主旨大意题 文章主要围绕着老年人不能继续驾车这一问题展开,研究组成员们正在试图通过技术手段来解决这一问题,目的就是想让老年人们继续驾车。
板块四 选词填空答案
Group A
mobile
challenge
drivers
discover
well-being
stress point
inactive
laboratory
Group B
Navigation
Intelligent
preserve
independence
reaction
avoid
confidence
板块五 单词填空答案
A. 单句语法填空
reasons
older
maintain
challenges
reactions
avoid
result
helping
Surprisingly
hopes
B. 首字母单词拼写
challenge
mobile
drivers
discover
inactive
Navigation
preserve
independence
reaction
confidence
板块六 语篇翻译参考译文
纽卡斯尔大学的研究人员开发了一个名为DriveLAB的移动 实验室,用来研究 老年 司机所面临的 挑战。该团队正在调查为什么许多老年人放弃 驾驶,以及这对他们的健康和幸福有何影响。研究表明,停止 驾驶往往导致老年人孤立和不活跃。该项目旨在找到帮助他们尽可能长时间地安全上路的方法。
板块八 汉译英答案
electric car
mobile
laboratory
challenge
driver
discover
stress point
give up
driving
well-being
isolated
inactive
in-vehicle
custom-made
navigation
night vision
intelligent
adaptation
particularly
preserve
independence
rely on
reaction
avoid
potentially
confidence
speed limit
fine
solution
ensure
1.
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