做高考真题，记高频单词DAY 29（说明文阅读） 任务单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

高考高频单词 DAY 29（说明文阅读）

板块一：真题再现

[（2019·全国二卷·高考真题）]

Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach's Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel's "me" time. And like more Americans, she's not alone.

A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half have breakfast alone and nearly half have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.

"I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?" Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. "Today, I just wanted some time to myself," she said.

Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction. "I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week," he said. "It's a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan."

That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. "It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology," said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.

28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?

A. Food variety. B. Eating habits. C. Table manners. D. Restaurant service.

29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?

A. To meet with her coworkers.

B. To catch up with her work.

C. To have some time on her own.

D. To collect data for her report.

30. What do we know about Mazoleny?

A. He makes videos for the bar.

B. He's fond of the food at the bar.

C. He interviews customers at the bar.

D. He's familiar with the barkeeper.

31. What is the text mainly about?

A. The trend of having meals alone.

B. The importance of self-reflection.

C. The stress from working overtime.

D. The advantage of wireless technology.

板块二：核心词汇（30个）

counter /ˈkaʊntə/ 柜台

e-book /ˈiː bʊk/ 电子书

wait /weɪt/ 等待

salad /ˈsæləd/ 沙拉

American /əˈmerɪkən/ 美国人

alone /əˈləʊn/ 独自的；单独的

report /rɪˈpɔːt/ 报告

percent /pəˈsent/ 百分比

meal /miːl/ 一餐

breakfast /ˈbrekfəst/ 早餐

dinnertime /ˈdɪnətaɪm/ 晚餐时间

statistic /stəˈtɪstɪk/ 统计数据

prefer /prɪˈfɜː/ 更喜欢

downtown /ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/ 市中心

coworker /ˌkəʊˈwɜːkə/ 同事

desk /desk/ 办公桌

escape /ɪˈskeɪp/ 逃避；逃脱

allow /əˈlaʊ/ 允许

tap /tæp/ 轻拍；轻敲

shoulder /ˈʃəʊldə/ 肩膀

return /rɪˈtɜːn/ 返回

energized /ˈenədʒaɪzd/ 精力充沛的

videographer /ˌvɪdiˈɒɡrəfə/ 摄像师

check /tʃek/ 查看；检查

chat /tʃæt/ 聊天

interaction /ˌɪntərˈækʃən/ 互动；交流

reflect /rɪˈflekt/ 反思；反映

self-reflection /ˌself rɪˈflekʃən/ 自我反思

recharge /ˌriːˈtʃɑːdʒ/ 充电；恢复精力

awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ 尴尬的

 

板块三：词形变换（供背诵）

1. alone /əˈləʊn/ 独自的 — loneliness /ˈləʊnlinəs/ 孤独 — lonely /ˈləʊnli/ 孤独的 — lonesome /ˈləʊnsəm/ 寂寞的 — aloneness /əˈləʊnnəs/ 独自状态
2. report /rɪˈpɔːt/ 报告 — reporter /rɪˈpɔːtə/ 记者 — reported /rɪˈpɔːtɪd/ 被报告的 — unreported /ˌʌnrɪˈpɔːtɪd/ 未被报告的 — reportage /ˌrepɔːˈtɑːʒ/ 新闻报道
3. prefer /prɪˈfɜː/ 更喜欢 — preference /ˈprefərəns/ 偏好 — preferable /ˈprefərəbəl/ 更可取的 — preferably /ˈprefərəbli/ 最好 — preferential /ˌprefəˈrenʃəl/ 优先的
4. allow /əˈlaʊ/ 允许 — allowance /əˈlaʊəns/ 允许；津贴 — allowable /əˈlaʊəbəl/ 可允许的 — disallow /ˌdɪsəˈlaʊ/ 不允许 — allowed /əˈlaʊd/ 被允许的
5. return /rɪˈtɜːn/ 返回 — returning /rɪˈtɜːnɪŋ/ 返回的 — returnable /rɪˈtɜːnəbəl/ 可退还的 — non-returnable /ˌnɒn rɪˈtɜːnəbəl/ 不可退还的 — returnee /rɪˌtɜːˈniː/ 归国者
6. energy /ˈenədʒi/ 精力；能源 — energized /ˈenədʒaɪzd/ 精力充沛的 — energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ 精力旺盛的 — energetically /ˌenəˈdʒetɪkli/ 精力旺盛地 — energize /ˈenədʒaɪz/ 使充满活力

7. interact /ˌɪntərˈækt/ 互动 — interaction /ˌɪntərˈækʃən/ 互动 — interactive /ˌɪntərˈæktɪv/ 互动的 — interactively /ˌɪntərˈæktɪvli/ 互动地 — interactivity /ˌɪntərækˈtɪvəti/ 互动性
8. reflect /rɪˈflekt/ 反思 — reflection /rɪˈflekʃən/ 反思 — reflective /rɪˈflektɪv/ 反思的 — reflector /rɪˈflektə/ 反射器 — unreflective /ˌʌnrɪˈflektɪv/ 不反思的
9. charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ 充电 — recharge /ˌriːˈtʃɑːdʒ/ 充电 — rechargeable /riːˈtʃɑːdʒəbəl/ 可充电的 — discharged /dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒd/ 放电的 — charger /ˈtʃɑːdʒə/ 充电器
10. awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ 尴尬的 — awkwardly /ˈɔːkwədli/ 尴尬地 — awkwardness /ˈɔːkwədnəs/ 尴尬 — unawkward /ʌnˈɔːkwəd/ 不尴尬的 — awkwards /ˈɔːkwədz/ 笨拙的人
11. choose /tʃuːz/ 选择 — choice /tʃɔɪs/ 选择 — chooser /ˈtʃuːzə/ 选择者 — chosen /ˈtʃəʊzən/ 被选中的 — choosey /ˈtʃuːzi/ 挑剔的

板块四：选词填空

Group A（从以下8个词汇中选择填空，每个词限用一次）

可选词汇：counter, e‑book, report, percent, alone, salad, American, meal

1. Marian Bechtel sat at the __________ of a restaurant, quietly reading her e‑book.
2. She enjoys reading an __________ during her lunch break.
3. According to a new __________, many Americans eat alone.
4. About 46 __________ of meals are eaten alone in America.
5. Bechtel is not __________ in her habit of eating lunch by herself.
6. A __________ is a healthy choice for a quick lunch.
7. More and more __________s are choosing to eat by themselves.
8. A solitary __________ can be a refreshing break from a busy day.

Group B（从以下7个词汇中选择填空，每个词限用一次）

可选词汇：prefer, downtown, coworker, desk, escape, allow, return

9. She __________s to go out for lunch rather than eat at her desk.
10. Bechtel works in __________ West Palm Beach.
11. Sometimes she has lunch with a __________, but often she prefers solitude.
12. She often eats at her __________ while working through lunch.
13. A lunchtime __________ allows her to have some time to herself.
14. The break __________s her to avoid being disturbed by her boss.
15. After lunch, she __________s to work feeling refreshed.

板块五：单词填空

A. 单句语法填空（用所给词的适当形式填空）

16. The report found that 46 percent of __________ (meal) are eaten alone in America.
17. More than half of __________ (America) eat breakfast alone.
18. Bechtel __________ (prefer) to go out for lunch rather than eat at her desk.
19. A lunchtime escape __________ (allow) her to avoid being interrupted by her boss.
20. She __________ (return) to work feeling energized and ready for the afternoon.
21. __________ (eat) alone has become increasingly common in modern society.

玛丽安·贝希特尔独自坐在西棕榈滩的Bar Louie柜台旁，静静地读着她的电子书，等待沙拉。她在读什么？不关你的事！午餐是贝希特尔的“自我”时间。像越来越多的美国人一样，她并不孤单。

一份新报告发现，在美国46%的餐食是独自一人吃的。超过一半的人独自吃早餐，近一半的人独自吃午餐。只有晚餐时间我们才一起吃饭，根据报告的统计数据，这一比例为74%。

“我更喜欢出去，在外面待着。独自一人，但同时也在一起，你知道吗？”贝希特尔从她的书上抬起头来说道。贝希特尔在西棕榈滩市中心工作，有时和同事一起吃午饭，但像我们中的许多人一样，她经常在办公桌前边工作边吃午饭。午餐时间的逃离让她可以避免老板的打扰。她回到工作岗位时感到精力充沛。“今天，我只想有一些属于自己的时间，”她说。

隔了两个座位，当地的摄像师安德鲁·马佐莱尼正在吧台吃完午餐。他喜欢他可以安静地坐下来查看手机，或者如果想有一点交流的话，可以和那个他直呼其名的酒吧老板聊天。“我反思我一天过得怎样，并思考这周剩下的时间，”他说。“这是一个自我反思的机会。你回到工作岗位时精力充沛，带着计划。”

这种选择的自由是更多人喜欢独自吃饭的原因之一。曾经有一段时间，人们可能会因为要一张一个人的桌子而感到尴尬，但那些日子已经过去了。现在，我们有智能手机在餐桌上陪伴我们。“它不像在技术进步之前那样感觉孤独了，”劳里·德梅里特说，她的公司为这份报告提供了统计数据。

板块八：单词默写（汉译英）

 

柜台 __________

电子书 __________

等待 __________

沙拉 __________

美国人 __________

独自的；单独的 __________

报告 __________

百分比 __________

一餐 __________

早餐 __________

晚餐时间 __________

统计数据 __________

更喜欢 __________

市中心 __________

同事 __________

办公桌 __________

逃避；逃脱 __________

允许 __________

轻拍；轻敲 __________

肩膀 __________

返回 __________

精力充沛的 __________

摄像师 __________

查看；检查 __________

聊天 __________

互动；交流 __________

反思；反映 __________

自我反思 __________

充电；恢复精力 __________

尴尬的 __________