精品解析：浙江省杭州高级中学2024-2025学年高三第一学期12月阶段性检测英语试题

杭州高级中学2024学年第一学期阶段性测试 高三英语试题 姓名_________________ 准考证号___________________ 本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 考生注意： 1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。 2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What could the woman see from the room? A. The waterfalls. B. The power station. C. The mountains. 2. What will the woman drink? A. Coffee. B. Soda. C. Water. 3. Why did the sweater get smaller? A. It was dry-cleaned. B. It was dried in a machine. C. It was washed in hot water. 4. What do the speakers think of the new office manager? A. Strict. B. Unfriendly. C. Emotional. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. The weather. B. A picnic. C. A disaster. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Host and guest. B. Neighbors. C. Strangers. 7. What are the speakers complaining about? A. Limited parking spaces. B. Annoying noise at night. C. People’s parking randomly. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man doing? A. Having a job interview. B. Attending the new staff training. C. Discussing his career development. 9. What does the woman’s company offer? A. Competitive salaries. B. Flexible working hours. C. Advancement opportunities. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the woman going to do next week? A. Make a mailing list. B. Meet all her customers. C. Post the printed materials. 11. How many pages did each of the ordered brochures have? A. 10. B. 20. C. 100. 12. What will the man do next? A. Carry the brochures out. B. Offer his credit card number. C. Return the overcharged money. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What was the most challenging for Amy in the first stage? A. Avoiding wasting the ingredients. B. Reflecting her character in the dish. C. Buying enough things within budget. 14. What did the competitors do in the second stage? A. They cooked for the restaurant. B. They submitted a four-course menu. C. They prepared a dish for the judges. 15. What happened to Amy in the second stage? A. She failed to use the oven. B. She forgot to take the pizza stone. C. She made the same dish as her competitor. 16. What was the judges’ reaction when they tasted the food? A. Excitement. B. Calmness. C. Disappointment. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where does Richard Florida mention the importance of choosing a living place? A. In a book. B. In a program. C. In a piece of news. 18. What is Los Angeles famous mainly for? A. Manufacturing. B. Financial services. C. Film production. 19. What are residents of Boston like according to the talk? A. Active. B. Disciplined. C. Hard-working. 20. What does Ellen Coyle mainly talk about in the end? A. The industries in different cities. B. The qualities required in the workplace. C. The impact of residents’ personalities on urban industries. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Living on Earth: Forests, Corals, Consciousness, and the Making of the World Peter Godfrey-Smith ★★★☆ 3.7359 ratings·20 reviews The bestselling author of Other Minds shows how we and our ancestors have reinvented our planet. If the history of the Earth were compressed (压缩) down to a year, our species would arise in the last thirty minutes or so of the final hour. But life itself has existed on Earth for something like 3.7 billion years. What have these organisms — bacteria, animals, plants and the rest — done in all this time? In Living on Earth, Professor Peter Godfrey-Smith tells the long story of living action, and its impact. Ranging from the seas to the forests, and from animate matter’s first appearance to its future extinction, he offers a novel picture of the course of life on Earth and how we might meet the challenges of our time. Ratings & Reviews Troy Tradup 4 books 34 followers ★★☆☆☆ Feels like two very different books awkwardly combined. I liked the first part as much as the author’s previous Other Minds and Metazoa; felt the second part was a mess. 2 stars. Ula Tardigrade 270 reviews 26 followers ★★★★☆ The book is very informative, even eye-opening at times. However, for some reason the author’s style is not to my liking. Elentarri 1,823 reviews 51 followers ★★☆☆☆ At the end of this book, I’ve come to the conclusion that the book was not meant for me. This book does not provide anything novel or original. Mbuy 622 reviews 2 followers ★★★☆☆ Interesting and well written, but it covered too many subjects to be fully informative on anyone. As a matter of general reading, it raised a great many ideas and questioned others, which was very useful. 1. What category does Living on Earth fall into? A. Biography and Life. B. Science and Nature. C. Historical Fiction. D. Humor and Comedy. 2. Who thought Living on Earth lacked fresh perspectives? A. Troy Tradup. B. Ula Tardigrade. C. Elentarri. D. Mbuy. 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To rate the historical accuracy of a book. B. To showcase the selling points of a book. C. To compare a book with similar literary works. D. To present a book summary and reader feedback. B “Are you OK, Cassie?” Jonah asked, from the doorway of the Sea Holly Cafe. Cassie had been sitting on a chair outside for the past 10 minutes, but not really taking in the beauty of the sea. “Oh, I should be getting back to work.” She rose hurriedly. “We’re not busy, take your time.” Jonah came with a cappuccino for her. “Thanks.” She accepted the coffee, “Everything’s fine.” Then Jonah nodded, revealing a comforting smile, and went back inside. He was a great boss, but Cassie didn’t feel like telling him what was wrong. Cassie had gone to study fine art hopefully but dropped out after only a year due to the unbearable homesickness. Since then, she hadn’t touched her paints for a whole year. Today was doomed to be a sad date, the anniversary of her exciting plans turning to dust. She felt a crushing sense of disappointment. In her painting, she had captured a good likeness of the cloudy sky and the reflection of the dying light upon the water, but the picture did have a sad, dreary (沉闷的) quality. About 20 minutes later, she was shocked by a voice at her shoulder, “That’s beautiful.” Cassie turned, and there was a woman wearing a blue coat. The woman eyed it again. “You have talent, but there is much sadness in it, for one so young.” Cassie’s eyes were filled with tears. “My name’s Willow,” the woman said kindly, “Why not try painting the sunrise instead, my dear? You might find it helps.” With Willow’s words echoing in her brain, Cassie rose an hour earlier the next day, caught a bus to the beach and began to paint again. When she finished, Jonah was just opening up. He picked the painting up and appreciated it at eye height. “Hey, this is good. It’s really…” For a moment he struggled for the word, then found it and turned to her, beaming, “Optimistic!” In her picture the sun was powering into the sky, casting a clear, golden pathway across the sea. 4. Which of the following best explains “He was a great boss” underlined in paragraph 5? A. Jonah engaged in a small talk with Cassie. B. Jonah reminded Cassie of the work discipline. C. Jonah figured out what was wrong with Cassie. D. Jonah was considerate of Cassie’s mood swings. 5. What led to Cassie’s low spirits today? A. That her paints were covered with dust. B. That her homesickness was aroused again. C. That her original plan was abandoned midway. D. That her painting was full of a sorrowful and dull quality. 6. Why did Willow advise Cassie to paint the sunrise? A. It was more beautiful. B. It might cheer Cassie up. C. It had artistic inspiration. D. It made a difference to Willow. 7. What can we learn from the passage? A. A good medicine tastes bitter. B. The sun always rises. C. Put yourself in another’s shoes. D. A painting tells a thousand words. C The Age of Information is mushrooming, perhaps even bulging. If you tried to download all the data available today, you’d need more than 180 million years to do so. But you are wrong to assume that all this information would stimulate a boost of innovation to match the output of data. Indeed, the last time we found ourselves in a period of significant innovation, was more than 120 years ago, in the Age of Insight. Innovations, both big and small, often occur as a moment of insight, which typically involves quiet signals deep in the brain, just under the surface of awareness. Anything that helps us notice quiet signals, such as taking breaks between meetings, simplifying learning approaches or avoiding digital distractions, can increase the number of insights. However, it’s becoming more challenging to find those signals with the ballooning use of technology, stuffing every moment with an endless supply of content. Besides, we also want to increase the quality of them — to be able to sort through big new ideas and find the ones that have real value. Launched in 2015, the Eureka Scale (尤里卡量表) allows us to assess the strength of our insight experiences on a five-point scale, which is marked by intense emotions, motivation, memory advantage, aftershocks, and following ideas. The Scale combines these five variables into a single value and allows us to define the importance of a new idea. The level-5 insight, involving the richest emotion, motivation, and lasting impact, holds the greatest significance. Contributive to measuring and improving individual and organizational performance, the Scale can be used to measure the impact of different kinds of work environments and learning approaches on participants’ growth. For organizations to benefit from another age of insight, it’s not enough to access more data or increase the number of insights we generate. It’s indeed essential to make space for the biggest ideas to emerge from all the information. Using the shared language of the Eureka Scale will enable better decision-making toward practical and competitive outcomes. And if we’re to enter a new age of insight, we must design our environments to allow for the best insight possible to surface. 8. What does the underlined word “bulging” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Stabilizing. B. Exploding. C. Shifting. D. Collapsing. 9. According to the passage, how can the amount of insights be increased? A. By making due pauses in your work schedule. B. By consuming boundless social media content. C. By avoiding distracting quiet signals in your brain. D. By adopting additional training and coaching approaches. 10. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The Eureka Scale controls the influence of our insights. B. Possessing minimal emotional responses is a level-5 insight. C. Both the quantity and quality of insights are essential to innovation. D. A breakthrough has been made in innovation due to a wealth of information. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the current environment for innovations? A. Uncertain. B. Optimistic. C. Tolerant. D. Dissatisfied. D The streets, sidewalks and roofs of cities all absorb heat during the day, making some urban areas across the United States up to 6 degrees Fahrenheit hotter than rural ones during the day — and 22 degrees Fahrenheit hotter at night. These “urban heat islands” can also develop underground as the city heat spreads downward, beneath the surface. And basements, subway tunnels and other underground infrastructure also constantly bleed heat into the surrounding earth, creating hotspots. Now the underground heat is building up as the planet warms. According to a new study of downtown Chicago, underground hotspots may threaten the very same structures that emit the heat in the first place. Such temperature changes make the ground around them expand and contract enough to cause potential damage. “Without anyone realizing it, the city of Chicago’s downtown was deforming,” says the study’s author Alessandro F. Rotta Loria, a civil and environmental engineer at Northwestern University. The findings, published in Communications Engineering, expose a “silent hazard” to civil infrastructure in cities with softer ground — especially those near water — Rotta Loria says. “There might have been structural issues caused by this underground climate change that happened, and we didn’t even realize,” he adds. While not an immediate or direct danger to human lives, this previously unknown effect highlights the impacts of a lesser-known component of climate change. Similar to climate change above the surface, these underground changes occur over long periods of time. “These effects took decades, a century, to develop,” Rotta Loria says, adding that elevated underground temperatures would likewise take a long time to dissipate (逐渐消失) on their own. But other researchers interviewed for this story all say this wasted energy could also be recycled, presenting an opportunity to both cool the subsurface and save on energy costs. Subway tunnels and basements could be updated with technologies to recapture the heat. 12. What can we learn about the “urban heat islands”? A. They only exist in the United States. B. They can damage the ground around. C. They can develop underground structures. D. They have no impact on the surrounding environment. 13. Why does Alessandro F. Rotta Loria mention “silent hazard” in paragraph 3? A. To discuss structural issues. B. To categorize climate change. C. To explain underground heat. D. To emphasize the neglected reality. 14. What will the author probably write about in the paragraph that follows? A. The cost of maintaining structures. B. The future of tunnels and basements. C. The reusing approaches of heat energy. D. The evolution of underground environment. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Urban Silent Islands in the Making B. A Silver Lining of Global Warming C. A Silent Crisis in Downtown Chicago D. Warming Underground, Weakening Surface 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Getting Things Done (GTD) method refers to a personal productivity methodology (方法) that redefines how you approach your life and work. It relies on the idea that you need to simplify your workload. If you frequently feel overwhelmed or you just have too much going on, this method might be great for you. ____16____ However, it can indeed easily be broken down into five main components. ____17____. Write it all down, either in a planner or a document, and don’t skip anything, even if it seems irrelevant. You will find it somehow helpful in the future. Clarify what you have written down. Look at each task and identify the steps you can take to complete it. Quickly write those down, so you break each task into steps. ____18____. Then consider whether it can be thrown out or handled later instead. Organize by creating a to-do list, putting action items on your calendar, assigning smaller tasks, filing away reference materials to create a timely, structured approach to getting it done. Reflect frequently and review all your organized materials on a regular basis. ____19____. Try using an “after-action review” to comprehensively go over what you’ve done and what you need to work on or stick with as you move forward. Engage by tackling your action items knowingly and actively. You have a list of tasks and action items, an organized system with dates and references, and a schedule for checking in with yourself. ____20____. A little stress can push you to be more productive, but too much will have the opposite effect, so using the GTD method can really make you calm and confident. A. Note down the main concerns in your life B. Seize anything that is coming into your head C. Sometimes you may feel it tough to work out the plan D. The methodology of GTD may be involved enough to fill a whole book E. Then you have all in place and work towards goal completion gradually F. This could mean every Monday, you check it, update or revise something G. You may find that there are no actionable steps associated with some tasks 第三部分 语言运知识用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Among the chaos of Hurricane Francine, a dramatic rescue unfolded on live television. On the evening of Wednesday, September 11, Miles Crawford, an off-duty emergency nurse in Lakeview, Louisiana, sprang into action when he learned someone was ____21____ in a sinking pickup truck in floodwaters just 200 feet from his home. At around 8:45 p.m., Crawford received a(n) ____22____ text from his brother, saying that a news crew accidentally caught a(n) ____23____ scene. A vehicle dived into a nearby canal with the driver ____24____ it. Without hesitation, Crawford ran to the ____25____. As Crawford approached the sinking truck, a police officer told him about the ____26____ conditions. Despite the warning, Crawford quickly took ____27____ into his own hands. At the sudden realization of the ____28____ of a tool to break the window, he dashed back to his house to grab a hammer. When he dived into the chest-high floodwaters and got to the vehicle, the water had ____29____ the driver’s chin and time was running out. Crawford ____30____ the man to move to the back of the truck, where the water was ____31____ shallower, and broke the back window with his hammer. He pulled the man out, ____32____ him through the floodwaters, and helped him climb over to ____33____. Just 10 minutes later, the truck ____34____ fully into the water. Crawford said his background as an emergency nurse helped him stay ____35____ throughout the rescue. “I’m used to high stress and high level of things on a daily basis,” he told news reporters. 21. A. recognized B. filled C. caught D. abandoned 22. A. unacceptable B. unbelievable C. unavoidable D. unexpected 23. A. heartbreaking B. soul-purifying C. painstaking D. eye-catching 24. A. attached to B. stuck in C. involved in D. exposed to 25. A. stage B. concert C. scene D. theatre 26. A. unique B. stable C. secure D. dangerous 27. A. claims B. matters C. choices D. contributions 28. A. delivery B. control C. need D. loss 29. A. attacked B. washed C. reached D. damaged 30. A. appointed B. instructed C. threatened D. promised 31. A. slightly B. typically C. dramatically D. previously 32. A. removed B. lifted C. shouted D. guided 33. A. comfort B. distance C. square D. safety 34. A. bumped B. sank C. collapsed D. exploded 35. A. calm B. fair C. smart D. different 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qinqiang Opera is a local Chinese opera that mainly thrives (繁荣) in north-west China’s Shaanxi Province, as well as its ____36____ (neighbour) regions, like Gansu and Qinghai provinces. It has the most ancient and largest musical system of all Chinese operas. Arising from local folk songs and dance forms in the Yellow River Valley, ____37____ is the birthplace of Chinese culture, the opera first ____38____ (appear) in the Qin Dynasty. Its time-honored history has offered Qinqiang Opera a reputation ____39____ the forefather of Chinese operas. Its ____40____ (content) usually feature such themes as anti-aggression (反侵略) wars, as well as ____41____ number of other topics of strong human interest that reflect the characteristics of local people. Qinqiang Opera is also one of the ____42____ (early) operatic musical systems to reflect the emotions of human beings. ____43____ (equip) with a set of performing skills created by the artists, Qinqiang Opera has influenced other operatic forms for long. During the Qing Dynasty, Qinqiang Opera entered Beijing and ____44____ (direct) affected the formation of Peking Opera. Qinqiang Opera thrived during the rule of Emperor Qianlong when Qinqiang troupes (剧团) ____45____ (distribute) throughout the country. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英语老师 Eric 每周一课上都会让同学们做读书分享。在呈现时，有些同学喜欢写好稿子朗读，有些同学倾向于直接口头表达。你发现这两种方式各有优点，想就此给Eric写一封邮件进行深入交流，内容包括： 1. 简述你喜欢的呈现方式； 2. 陈述你喜欢的理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Eric, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 The first day Mohamed went to a diner in his new neighborhood, he realized that he really wasn’t in Tunisia anymore. He looked up at the menu board, which had nothing but sandwiches on it, and wondered how he was going to figure out what all of these weird names meant. Mohamed decided that he would just get dessert instead and asked the woman at the counter for ice cream in a cup. She smiled broadly and disappeared behind the big glass display case to fill his order. While Mohamed waited, he looked at the baked goods in the case. There were sixteen kinds of bagels (百吉饼) and a few different types of cookies that Mohamed didn’t recognize, but there were no pastries (油酥糕点) and definitely nothing from home. Mohamed had been so excited when his parents told him they were immigrating to the United States, but now, his bravery and excitement felt a little misplaced. The woman came back to the counter with a tall paper cup. It contained a long straw and some kind of frothy (起泡的) drink. Mohamed, completely puzzled, took the cup and thanked her, thinking about the possibility that he had used the wrong word. “It’s the soda you ordered,” she said, “an ice cream drink in a cup.” He smiled at the woman again, pointed at one of the bagels, and said, “That one, too, please,” which seemed to work better. Mohamed took the bagel and his mystery soda to a table and sat down to eat. Why was it that English had been so easy for him in his classes in Tunisia, but when it came down to actually speaking, he couldn’t even get what he wanted to eat? Right now, it just felt depressing that his English was, he thought, poor. One mistake seemed to put everything Mohamed wanted or knew about himself far out of reach. Mohamed bit into his bagel and tried to pull a chunk of it off with his teeth. He wondered if an American emigrating (移居外国) to Tunisia would feel the same way, wondering what to eat, how to ask for it, and even how to eat it. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Just then, Mohamed noticed that a girl at a table near the window was giving him a rather amused look. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “The first time I tried to order a salad here, I ended up with a plate of pig’s feet,” the girl said. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 杭州高级中学2024学年第一学期阶段性测试 高三英语试题 姓名_________________ 准考证号___________________ 本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 考生注意： 1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。 2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What could the woman see from the room? A. The waterfalls. B. The power station. C. The mountains. 2. What will the woman drink? A. Coffee. B. Soda. C. Water. 3. Why did the sweater get smaller? A. It was dry-cleaned. B. It was dried in a machine. C. It was washed in hot water. 4. What do the speakers think of the new office manager? A. Strict. B. Unfriendly. C. Emotional. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. The weather. B. A picnic. C. A disaster. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Host and guest. B. Neighbors. C. Strangers. 7. What are the speakers complaining about? A. Limited parking spaces. B. Annoying noise at night. C. People’s parking randomly. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man doing? A. Having a job interview. B. Attending the new staff training. C. Discussing his career development. 9. What does the woman’s company offer? A. Competitive salaries. B. Flexible working hours. C. Advancement opportunities. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the woman going to do next week? A. Make a mailing list. B. Meet all her customers. C. Post the printed materials. 11. How many pages did each of the ordered brochures have? A. 10. B. 20. C. 100. 12. What will the man do next? A. Carry the brochures out. B. Offer his credit card number. C. Return the overcharged money. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What was the most challenging for Amy in the first stage? A. Avoiding wasting the ingredients. B. Reflecting her character in the dish. C. Buying enough things within budget. 14. What did the competitors do in the second stage? A. They cooked for the restaurant. B. They submitted a four-course menu. C. They prepared a dish for the judges. 15. What happened to Amy in the second stage? A. She failed to use the oven. B. She forgot to take the pizza stone. C. She made the same dish as her competitor. 16. What was the judges’ reaction when they tasted the food? A. Excitement. B. Calmness. C. Disappointment. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where does Richard Florida mention the importance of choosing a living place? A. In a book. B. In a program. C. In a piece of news. 18. What is Los Angeles famous mainly for? A. Manufacturing. B. Financial services. C. Film production. 19. What are residents of Boston like according to the talk? A. Active. B. Disciplined. C. Hard-working. 20. What does Ellen Coyle mainly talk about in the end? A. The industries in different cities. B. The qualities required in the workplace. C. The impact of residents’ personalities on urban industries. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Living on Earth: Forests, Corals, Consciousness, and the Making of the World Peter Godfrey-Smith ★★★☆ 3.7359 ratings·20 reviews The bestselling author of Other Minds shows how we and our ancestors have reinvented our planet. If the history of the Earth were compressed (压缩) down to a year, our species would arise in the last thirty minutes or so of the final hour. But life itself has existed on Earth for something like 3.7 billion years. What have these organisms — bacteria, animals, plants and the rest — done in all this time? In Living on Earth, Professor Peter Godfrey-Smith tells the long story of living action, and its impact. Ranging from the seas to the forests, and from animate matter’s first appearance to its future extinction, he offers a novel picture of the course of life on Earth and how we might meet the challenges of our time. Ratings & Reviews Troy Tradup 4 books 34 followers ★★☆☆☆ Feels like two very different books awkwardly combined. I liked the first part as much as the author’s previous Other Minds and Metazoa; felt the second part was a mess. 2 stars. Ula Tardigrade 270 reviews 26 followers ★★★★☆ The book is very informative, even eye-opening at times. However, for some reason the author’s style is not to my liking. Elentarri 1,823 reviews 51 followers ★★☆☆☆ At the end of this book, I’ve come to the conclusion that the book was not meant for me. This book does not provide anything novel or original. Mbuy 622 reviews 2 followers ★★★☆☆ Interesting and well written, but it covered too many subjects to be fully informative on anyone. As a matter of general reading, it raised a great many ideas and questioned others, which was very useful. 1. What category does Living on Earth fall into? A. Biography and Life. B. Science and Nature. C. Historical Fiction. D. Humor and Comedy. 2. Who thought Living on Earth lacked fresh perspectives? A. Troy Tradup. B. Ula Tardigrade. C. Elentarri. D. Mbuy. 3. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To rate the historical accuracy of a book. B. To showcase the selling points of a book. C. To compare a book with similar literary works. D. To present a book summary and reader feedback. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是Living on Earth这本书的简介以及四位读者的评价。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。由标题“Forests, Corals, Consciousness, and the Making of the World(森林、珊瑚、意识和世界的形成)”以及文章第一段“Ranging from the seas to the forests, and from animate matter’s first appearance to its future extinction, he offers a novel picture of the course of life on Earth and how we might meet the challenges of our time.(从海洋到森林，从生物物质的首次出现到未来的灭绝，他为地球上的生命历程以及我们如何应对时代的挑战提供了一幅新颖的画面)”可知，本书属于科学与自然范畴。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。通过Elentarri的话“This book does not provide anything novel or original.(这本书没有提供任何新颖或原创的东西)”可知，Elentarri认为本书缺少新观点。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文包括该出版物的内容简介以及四位读者的打分和评价，所以本文目的是简单介绍一本书和读者的反馈。故选D。 B “Are you OK, Cassie?” Jonah asked, from the doorway of the Sea Holly Cafe. Cassie had been sitting on a chair outside for the past 10 minutes, but not really taking in the beauty of the sea. “Oh, I should be getting back to work.” She rose hurriedly. “We’re not busy, take your time.” Jonah came with a cappuccino for her. “Thanks.” She accepted the coffee, “Everything’s fine.” Then Jonah nodded, revealing a comforting smile, and went back inside. He was a great boss, but Cassie didn’t feel like telling him what was wrong. Cassie had gone to study fine art hopefully but dropped out after only a year due to the unbearable homesickness. Since then, she hadn’t touched her paints for a whole year. Today was doomed to be a sad date, the anniversary of her exciting plans turning to dust. She felt a crushing sense of disappointment. In her painting, she had captured a good likeness of the cloudy sky and the reflection of the dying light upon the water, but the picture did have a sad, dreary (沉闷的) quality. About 20 minutes later, she was shocked by a voice at her shoulder, “That’s beautiful.” Cassie turned, and there was a woman wearing a blue coat. The woman eyed it again. “You have talent, but there is much sadness in it, for one so young.” Cassie’s eyes were filled with tears. “My name’s Willow,” the woman said kindly, “Why not try painting the sunrise instead, my dear? You might find it helps.” With Willow’s words echoing in her brain, Cassie rose an hour earlier the next day, caught a bus to the beach and began to paint again. When she finished, Jonah was just opening up. He picked the painting up and appreciated it at eye height. “Hey, this is good. It’s really…” For a moment he struggled for the word, then found it and turned to her, beaming, “Optimistic!” In her picture the sun was powering into the sky, casting a clear, golden pathway across the sea. 4. Which of the following best explains “He was a great boss” underlined in paragraph 5? A. Jonah engaged in a small talk with Cassie. B. Jonah reminded Cassie of the work discipline. C. Jonah figured out what was wrong with Cassie. D. Jonah was considerate of Cassie’s mood swings. 5. What led to Cassie’s low spirits today? A. That her paints were covered with dust. B. That her homesickness was aroused again. C. That her original plan was abandoned midway. D. That her painting was full of a sorrowful and dull quality. 6. Why did Willow advise Cassie to paint the sunrise? A. It was more beautiful. B. It might cheer Cassie up. C. It had artistic inspiration. D. It made a difference to Willow. 7. What can we learn from the passage? A. A good medicine tastes bitter. B. The sun always rises. C. Put yourself in another’s shoes. D. A painting tells a thousand words. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述卡西因艺术求学梦破灭心绪低落，偶遇陌生女士开导，重新提笔作画、重拾积极心态的温暖故事。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段““We’re not busy, take your time.” Jonah came with a cappuccino for her.(“店里不忙，你慢慢来。”乔纳给她端来了一杯卡布奇诺)”可知，乔纳看出卡西情绪不佳，不催促她工作、还贴心送咖啡，体谅她的情绪变化，体现出他是一位很好的老板。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“Today was doomed to be a sad date, the anniversary of her exciting plans turning to dust.(今天注定是个悲伤的日子，是她曾经美好的计划化为泡影的纪念日)”可知，卡西情绪低落，是因为自己原本的艺术求学计划中途放弃、彻底落空。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第八段“You have talent, but there is much sadness in it, for one so young.(你很有天赋，但对于你这么年轻的人来说，你的画作里满是悲伤)”以及“Why not try painting the sunrise instead, my dear? You might find it helps.(亲爱的，不如试着画日出？或许会对你有所帮助)”可知，薇洛发现卡西内心悲伤，建议她画日出，是希望借此让卡西振作起来、摆脱低落情绪。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Today was doomed to be a sad date, the anniversary of her exciting plans turning to dust.(今天注定是个悲伤的日子，是她曾经美好的计划化为泡影的纪念日)”、第八段“Why not try painting the sunrise instead, my dear? You might find it helps.(亲爱的，不如试着画日出？或许会对你有所帮助)”以及最后一段“In her picture the sun was powering into the sky, casting a clear, golden pathway across the sea.(在她的画作中，太阳腾空升起，在海面上铺出一条明亮的金色道路)”可知，卡西从梦想破灭的悲伤中走出来，描绘日出、重获乐观，寓意困境终会过去，希望总会到来。B项“太阳总会升起”符合。 C The Age of Information is mushrooming, perhaps even bulging. If you tried to download all the data available today, you’d need more than 180 million years to do so. But you are wrong to assume that all this information would stimulate a boost of innovation to match the output of data. Indeed, the last time we found ourselves in a period of significant innovation, was more than 120 years ago, in the Age of Insight. Innovations, both big and small, often occur as a moment of insight, which typically involves quiet signals deep in the brain, just under the surface of awareness. Anything that helps us notice quiet signals, such as taking breaks between meetings, simplifying learning approaches or avoiding digital distractions, can increase the number of insights. However, it’s becoming more challenging to find those signals with the ballooning use of technology, stuffing every moment with an endless supply of content. Besides, we also want to increase the quality of them — to be able to sort through big new ideas and find the ones that have real value. Launched in 2015, the Eureka Scale (尤里卡量表) allows us to assess the strength of our insight experiences on a five-point scale, which is marked by intense emotions, motivation, memory advantage, aftershocks, and following ideas. The Scale combines these five variables into a single value and allows us to define the importance of a new idea. The level-5 insight, involving the richest emotion, motivation, and lasting impact, holds the greatest significance. Contributive to measuring and improving individual and organizational performance, the Scale can be used to measure the impact of different kinds of work environments and learning approaches on participants’ growth. For organizations to benefit from another age of insight, it’s not enough to access more data or increase the number of insights we generate. It’s indeed essential to make space for the biggest ideas to emerge from all the information. Using the shared language of the Eureka Scale will enable better decision-making toward practical and competitive outcomes. And if we’re to enter a new age of insight, we must design our environments to allow for the best insight possible to surface. 8. What does the underlined word “bulging” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Stabilizing. B. Exploding. C. Shifting. D. Collapsing. 9. According to the passage, how can the amount of insights be increased? A. By making due pauses in your work schedule. B. By consuming boundless social media content. C. By avoiding distracting quiet signals in your brain. D. By adopting additional training and coaching approaches. 10. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The Eureka Scale controls the influence of our insights. B. Possessing minimal emotional responses is a level-5 insight. C. Both the quantity and quality of insights are essential to innovation. D. A breakthrough has been made in innovation due to a wealth of information. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the current environment for innovations? A. Uncertain. B. Optimistic. C. Tolerant. D. Dissatisfied. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述信息爆炸并未带来对等创新，介绍了顿悟产生的条件、尤里卡量表的作用以及打造适宜环境催生高质量顿悟的必要性。 【8题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“The Age of Information is mushrooming, perhaps even bulging. If you tried to download all the data available today, you’d need more than 180 million years to do so.(信息时代正在飞速激增，甚至呈现bulging。如果你想要下载如今所有可获取的数据，需要耗费1.8亿多年的时间。)”可知，信息时代正在飞速激增，所以bulging表示迅速增长，与Exploding（激增、爆发）同义。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Anything that helps us notice quiet signals, such as taking breaks between meetings, simplifying learning approaches or avoiding digital distractions, can increase the number of insights.(任何能够帮助我们捕捉大脑安静信号的事情，例如会议间隙休息、简化学习方式、远离电子干扰，都能够增加顿悟的产生次数。)”可知在工作安排中适当休息可以提升顿悟数量。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Anything that helps us notice quiet signals, such as taking breaks between meetings, simplifying learning approaches or avoiding digital distractions, can increase the number of insights.(任何能够帮助我们捕捉大脑安静信号的事情，例如会议间隙休息、简化学习方式、远离电子干扰，都能够增加顿悟的产生次数。)”可知，第二段讲述如何提升顿悟数量，以及根据第三段“Besides, we also want to increase the quality of them(除此之外，我们还希望提升这些顿悟想法的质量)”说明我们同样需要提升顿悟质量，二者缺一不可，对创新而言都十分关键。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“But you are wrong to assume that all this information would stimulate a boost of innovation to match the output of data. Indeed, the last time we found ourselves in a period of significant innovation, was more than 120 years ago(但如果你认为海量信息能够催生与数据产出量相匹配的创新增幅，那这种想法便是错误的。事实上，人类上一次迎来大规模创新爆发期，已是一百二十多年前的事了)”以及第二段“However, it’s becoming more challenging to find those signals with the ballooning use of technology, stuffing every moment with an endless supply of content.(然而，随着科技应用飞速泛滥，源源不断的资讯内容挤占了我们所有时间，想要捕捉到这些大脑的信号已然愈发困难)”可知，作者表明海量信息并未催生对应创新，科技泛滥的当下很难产生顿悟，可见作者对当下的创新环境是不满的。 D The streets, sidewalks and roofs of cities all absorb heat during the day, making some urban areas across the United States up to 6 degrees Fahrenheit hotter than rural ones during the day — and 22 degrees Fahrenheit hotter at night. These “urban heat islands” can also develop underground as the city heat spreads downward, beneath the surface. And basements, subway tunnels and other underground infrastructure also constantly bleed heat into the surrounding earth, creating hotspots. Now the underground heat is building up as the planet warms. According to a new study of downtown Chicago, underground hotspots may threaten the very same structures that emit the heat in the first place. Such temperature changes make the ground around them expand and contract enough to cause potential damage. “Without anyone realizing it, the city of Chicago’s downtown was deforming,” says the study’s author Alessandro F. Rotta Loria, a civil and environmental engineer at Northwestern University. The findings, published in Communications Engineering, expose a “silent hazard” to civil infrastructure in cities with softer ground — especially those near water — Rotta Loria says. “There might have been structural issues caused by this underground climate change that happened, and we didn’t even realize,” he adds. While not an immediate or direct danger to human lives, this previously unknown effect highlights the impacts of a lesser-known component of climate change. Similar to climate change above the surface, these underground changes occur over long periods of time. “These effects took decades, a century, to develop,” Rotta Loria says, adding that elevated underground temperatures would likewise take a long time to dissipate (逐渐消失) on their own. But other researchers interviewed for this story all say this wasted energy could also be recycled, presenting an opportunity to both cool the subsurface and save on energy costs. Subway tunnels and basements could be updated with technologies to recapture the heat. 12. What can we learn about the “urban heat islands”? A. They only exist in the United States. B. They can damage the ground around. C. They can develop underground structures. D. They have no impact on the surrounding environment. 13. Why does Alessandro F. Rotta Loria mention “silent hazard” in paragraph 3? A. To discuss structural issues. B. To categorize climate change. C. To explain underground heat. D. To emphasize the neglected reality. 14. What will the author probably write about in the paragraph that follows? A. The cost of maintaining structures. B. The future of tunnels and basements. C. The reusing approaches of heat energy. D. The evolution of underground environment. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Urban Silent Islands in the Making B. A Silver Lining of Global Warming C. A Silent Crisis in Downtown Chicago D. Warming Underground, Weakening Surface 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述城市地下累积热量引发地面形变、威胁市政设施，同时这种余热具备回收利用的价值。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Such temperature changes make the ground around them expand and contract enough to cause potential damage.(这种温度变化会让周边土壤发生胀缩，进而产生潜在的破坏作用。)”可知，城市热岛会对周边地层造成损坏。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The findings, published in Communications Engineering, expose a “silent hazard” to civil infrastructure...There might have been structural issues caused by this underground climate change that happened, and we didn’t even realize.(发表在《通信工程》期刊上的这些研究结果揭示了一项针对民用基础设施的“无声隐患”……地下气候变化早已引发建筑结构问题，我们却一直没有察觉)”可知，作者提出“无声隐患”，是为了强调该地下升温带来的危害长期被人们忽视的客观事实。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But other researchers interviewed for this story all say this wasted energy could also be recycled, presenting an opportunity to both cool the subsurface and save on energy costs. Subway tunnels and basements could be updated with technologies to recapture the heat.(受访的其他研究人员表示这些废弃热量可以被回收利用，既能降低地下温度又能节约能耗，可改造地铁、地下室设施来回收热量)”推测，下一段最有可能具体介绍热能回收的方式方法。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章先介绍城市热岛不仅存在于地表，地下也会形成高温区域；再说明地下热量造成土体胀缩、损毁建筑设施，是被人们忽视的隐患；最后提出地下余热能够回收再利用。D选项“地下升温，地表受损”能概括文章主旨，为最佳标题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Getting Things Done (GTD) method refers to a personal productivity methodology (方法) that redefines how you approach your life and work. It relies on the idea that you need to simplify your workload. If you frequently feel overwhelmed or you just have too much going on, this method might be great for you. ____16____ However, it can indeed easily be broken down into five main components. ____17____. Write it all down, either in a planner or a document, and don’t skip anything, even if it seems irrelevant. You will find it somehow helpful in the future. Clarify what you have written down. Look at each task and identify the steps you can take to complete it. Quickly write those down, so you break each task into steps. ____18____. Then consider whether it can be thrown out or handled later instead. Organize by creating a to-do list, putting action items on your calendar, assigning smaller tasks, filing away reference materials to create a timely, structured approach to getting it done. Reflect frequently and review all your organized materials on a regular basis. ____19____. Try using an “after-action review” to comprehensively go over what you’ve done and what you need to work on or stick with as you move forward. Engage by tackling your action items knowingly and actively. You have a list of tasks and action items, an organized system with dates and references, and a schedule for checking in with yourself. ____20____. A little stress can push you to be more productive, but too much will have the opposite effect, so using the GTD method can really make you calm and confident. A. Note down the main concerns in your life B. Seize anything that is coming into your head C. Sometimes you may feel it tough to work out the plan D. The methodology of GTD may be involved enough to fill a whole book E. Then you have all in place and work towards goal completion gradually F. This could mean every Monday, you check it, update or revise something G. You may find that there are no actionable steps associated with some tasks 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. E 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍GTD高效工作法的定义、适用人群，并详细讲解该方法包含的五大核心实施步骤及其积极作用。 【16题详解】 下文“However, it can indeed easily be broken down into five main components.(然而，它确实可以被简单拆解为五个主要部分)”与设空句构成转折关系，说明设空句会表述GTD方法看似复杂。D选项“The methodology of GTD may be involved enough to fill a whole book(GTD这套方法内容繁杂，足以写满一整本书)”指出该方法体系庞大、内容复杂，与下文的简单拆解形成语义转折。 【17题详解】 本空为段首主题句，概括本段核心内容。下文“Write it all down, either in a planner or a document, and don’t skip anything, even if it seems irrelevant.(把一切都写下来，记在计划表或文档中，不要遗漏任何事，即便看似无关紧要)”主要讲述记录所有事务的做法。B选项“Seize anything that is coming into your head(抓住任何涌入你脑海中的想法)”概括本段记录事务的核心主旨，与下文写下来的具体做法相呼应。 【18题详解】 上文“Quickly write those down, so you break each task into steps.(快速记录下来，将每个任务拆解为具体步骤)”讲述拆解任务步骤，下文“Then consider whether it can be thrown out or handled later instead.(然后思考它是否可以舍弃或延后处理)”承接设空句展开后续操作。G选项“You may find that there are no actionable steps associated with some tasks(你可能会发现部分任务没有可执行的步骤)”衔接上文拆解任务的动作，引出无执行步骤的任务的后续处理方式。 【19题详解】 上文“Reflect frequently and review all your organized materials on a regular basis.(经常反思，定期复盘所有整理好的资料)”提出要定期复盘，F选项“This could mean every Monday, you check it, update or revise something(这可以是每周一，你对资料进行核查、更新或修改)”具体举例说明定期复盘的方式，对上文的定期复盘进行解释说明。 【20题详解】 上文“You have a list of tasks and action items, an organized system with dates and references, and a schedule for checking in with yourself.(你拥有任务清单、带日期和参考信息的整理体系以及自我复盘的计划)”说明前期准备工作已全部完成，E选项“Then you have all in place and work towards goal completion gradually(此时一切准备就绪，你可以逐步朝着完成目标努力)”承接上文完备的准备工作，引出最终付诸行动、完成目标的步骤，贴合段落“主动执行”的主旨。 第三部分 语言运知识用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Among the chaos of Hurricane Francine, a dramatic rescue unfolded on live television. On the evening of Wednesday, September 11, Miles Crawford, an off-duty emergency nurse in Lakeview, Louisiana, sprang into action when he learned someone was ____21____ in a sinking pickup truck in floodwaters just 200 feet from his home. At around 8:45 p.m., Crawford received a(n) ____22____ text from his brother, saying that a news crew accidentally caught a(n) ____23____ scene. A vehicle dived into a nearby canal with the driver ____24____ it. Without hesitation, Crawford ran to the ____25____. As Crawford approached the sinking truck, a police officer told him about the ____26____ conditions. Despite the warning, Crawford quickly took ____27____ into his own hands. At the sudden realization of the ____28____ of a tool to break the window, he dashed back to his house to grab a hammer. When he dived into the chest-high floodwaters and got to the vehicle, the water had ____29____ the driver’s chin and time was running out. Crawford ____30____ the man to move to the back of the truck, where the water was ____31____ shallower, and broke the back window with his hammer. He pulled the man out, ____32____ him through the floodwaters, and helped him climb over to ____33____. Just 10 minutes later, the truck ____34____ fully into the water. Crawford said his background as an emergency nurse helped him stay ____35____ throughout the rescue. “I’m used to high stress and high level of things on a daily basis,” he told news reporters. 21. A. recognized B. filled C. caught D. abandoned 22. A. unacceptable B. unbelievable C. unavoidable D. unexpected 23. A. heartbreaking B. soul-purifying C. painstaking D. eye-catching 24. A. attached to B. stuck in C. involved in D. exposed to 25. A. stage B. concert C. scene D. theatre 26. A. unique B. stable C. secure D. dangerous 27. A. claims B. matters C. choices D. contributions 28. A. delivery B. control C. need D. loss 29. A. attacked B. washed C. reached D. damaged 30. A. appointed B. instructed C. threatened D. promised 31. A. slightly B. typically C. dramatically D. previously 32. A. removed B. lifted C. shouted D. guided 33. A. comfort B. distance C. square D. safety 34. A. bumped B. sank C. collapsed D. exploded 35. A. calm B. fair C. smart D. different 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述休班急诊护士迈尔斯在飓风洪水中冒险破窗救出被困司机的惊险救援事迹。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：9月11日周三晚间，路易斯安那州莱克维尤的急诊护士迈尔斯・克劳福德当时正在休班。他得知有人被困在洪水中一辆不断下沉的皮卡车里，事发地点距他家仅200英尺，便立刻展开救援。A. recognized认出；B. filled填满；C. caught困住；D. abandoned抛弃。根据后文“sinking pickup truck in floodwaters”可知，司机是被困在进水的车里，be caught in是固定搭配表示“被困在……中”。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：大约晚上8点45分，克劳福德收到了他兄弟发来的一条意外短信，说一个新闻摄制组偶然拍到了一个令人心碎的场景。A. unacceptable不可接受的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. unexpected意外的。根据上文“someone was _______ in a sinking pickup truck in floodwaters just 200 feet from his home.”可知，突发险情，这条告知有人遇险的短信是意料之外的。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：大约晚上8点45分，克劳福德收到了他兄弟发来的一条意外短信，说一个新闻摄制组偶然拍到了一个令人心碎的场景。A. heartbreaking令人心碎的；B. soul-purifying净化灵魂的；C. painstaking辛苦的；D. eye-catching引人注目的。根据下文“A vehicle dived into a nearby canal with the driver _______ it”可知，车辆冲入运河、司机被困的险情是令人揪心、心碎的画面。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：一辆汽车冲进了附近的运河，司机被困在车里。A. attached to依附于；B. stuck in困在……中；C. involved in卷入；D. exposed to暴露于。根据下文“the water had ______ the driver’s chin”可知，下文描述水已经漫到了司机的下巴，说明司机是卡在进水的车里无法脱身。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：克劳福德毫不犹豫地冲向现场。A. stage舞台；B. concert音乐会；C. scene现场；D. theatre剧院。根据下文“As Crawford approached the sinking truck”可知，得知险情后，克劳福德第一时间赶往事故发生的地点，即救援现场。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当克劳福德靠近正在下沉的卡车时，一名警官向他说明了危险的状况。A. unique独特的；B. stable稳定的；C. secure安全的；D. dangerous危险的。根据上文“Crawford approached the sinking truck, a police officer told him about the”和下文“Despite the warning”、“When he dived into the chest-high floodwaters”可知，齐胸深的洪水、车辆正在下沉，现场环境十分凶险。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管收到了警告，克劳福德还是迅速亲自处理这件事。A. claims声明；B. matters事情；C. choices选择；D. contributions贡献。根据下文“When he dived into the chest-high floodwaters and got to the vehicle”可知，克劳福德潜入齐胸深的洪水中抵达车辆旁，说明克劳福德还是迅速亲自处理这件事，take matters into his own hands是固定搭配，意为“亲自着手处理、掌控事态”。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：当他突然意识到需要一个工具来打破车窗时，他冲回家里拿了一把锤子。A. delivery递送；B. control控制；C. need需求；D. loss损失。根据下文“a tool to break the window”可知，他发现自己没有破窗工具，意识到当下急需一把锤子来破窗救人。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：当他潜入齐胸深的洪水中抵达车辆旁时，水已经漫到了司机的下巴，时间所剩无几。A. attacked攻击；B. washed冲刷；C. reached到达；D. damaged损坏。根据下文“the driver’s chin”可知，水位持续上涨，已经抵达司机下巴的位置，情况十分危急。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：克劳福德指示这名男子移动到卡车的后部，那里的水位略浅，然后他用锤子打破了后窗。A. appointed任命；B. instructed指示；C. threatened威胁；D. promised承诺。根据下文“the man to move to the back of the truck, where the water was ______ shallower”可知，他在救援时指挥被困司机做出避险动作，指示这名男子移动到卡车的后部，那里的水位略浅。 【31题详解】 考查副词。句意：克劳福德指示这名男子移动到卡车的后部，那里的水位略浅，然后他用锤子打破了后窗。A. slightly稍微地；B. typically典型地；C. dramatically显著地；D. previously先前地。根据上文“the man to move to the back of the truck, where the water was”可知，卡车冲进了附近的运河，卡车后部的水位只是比其他位置浅一点，并非大幅变浅，用slightly修饰shallower符合语境。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：他把男子拉出车外，带领男子穿过洪水，帮助他转移到安全地带。A. removed移除；B. lifted抬起；C. shouted呼喊；D. guided引导，带领。根据下文“him through the floodwaters”可知，在浑浊湍急的洪水中，他需要带领被困司机一步步走出危险区域。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：他把男子拉出车外，带领男子穿过洪水，帮助他转移到安全地带。A. comfort舒适；B. distance距离；C. square广场；D. safety安全。根据上文“He pulled the man out, ______ him through the floodwaters, and helped him climb over to”可知，救援的最终目的是将被困人员转移到没有洪水威胁的安全区域。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：仅仅10分钟后，这辆卡车就完全沉入了水中。A. bumped碰撞；B. sank下沉；C. collapsed倒塌；D. exploded爆炸。根据下文“fully into the water”可知，卡车一直在下沉，10分钟后完全没入水中，印证了救援的争分夺秒。 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：克劳福德说他作为急诊护士的背景帮助他在整个救援过程中保持冷静。A. calm冷静的；B. fair公平的；C. smart聪明的；D. different不同的。根据上文“Crawford said his background as an emergency nurse helped him stay”和下文“throughout the rescue. “I’m used to high stress and high level of things on a daily basis,” he told news reporters.”可知，后文提到他日常习惯了高压场景，因此在险情中能保持镇定不慌乱。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Qinqiang Opera is a local Chinese opera that mainly thrives (繁荣) in north-west China’s Shaanxi Province, as well as its ____36____ (neighbour) regions, like Gansu and Qinghai provinces. It has the most ancient and largest musical system of all Chinese operas. Arising from local folk songs and dance forms in the Yellow River Valley, ____37____ is the birthplace of Chinese culture, the opera first ____38____ (appear) in the Qin Dynasty. Its time-honored history has offered Qinqiang Opera a reputation ____39____ the forefather of Chinese operas. Its ____40____ (content) usually feature such themes as anti-aggression (反侵略) wars, as well as ____41____ number of other topics of strong human interest that reflect the characteristics of local people. Qinqiang Opera is also one of the ____42____ (early) operatic musical systems to reflect the emotions of human beings. ____43____ (equip) with a set of performing skills created by the artists, Qinqiang Opera has influenced other operatic forms for long. During the Qing Dynasty, Qinqiang Opera entered Beijing and ____44____ (direct) affected the formation of Peking Opera. Qinqiang Opera thrived during the rule of Emperor Qianlong when Qinqiang troupes (剧团) ____45____ (distribute) throughout the country. 【答案】36. neighbouring 37. which 38. appeared 39. as 40. contents 41. a 42. earliest 43. Equipped 44. directly 45. were distributed 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍秦腔的起源、特点、历史地位以及其深远艺术影响。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：秦腔是中国地方戏曲，主要盛行于中国西北陕西省及其邻近地区，例如甘肃、青海。本空修饰名词regions，用形容词neighbouring，表示“邻近的”，作定语。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这一戏曲起源于黄河流域当地民间歌舞，黄河流域是中华文化的发源地，最早出现于秦朝。“_______ is the birthplace of Chinese culture”为非限制性定语从句，先行词the Yellow River Valley指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这一戏曲起源于黄河流域当地民间歌舞，黄河流域是中华文化的发源地，最早出现于秦朝。根据时间状语in the Qin Dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语用过去式appeared。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：悠久的历史让秦腔享有“中国戏曲鼻祖”的美誉。固定搭配a reputation as...，表示“作为……的名声”。 【40题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：它的内容通常包含反侵略战争等主题，还有许多富有生活气息、反映当地人特质的题材。根据谓语用feature可知，主语用content的复数形式contents。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：它的内容通常包含反侵略战争等主题，还有许多富有生活气息、反映当地人特质的题材。固定短语a number of，表示“许多，大量”。 【42题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：秦腔也是最早能够抒发人类情感的戏曲音乐体系之一。固定结构“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”，表示“最……之一”。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：秦腔拥有艺术家创造的一套表演技艺，长久以来影响着其他戏曲形式。主句主语Qinqiang Opera与equip是被动关系，作状语用过去分词，固定搭配be equipped with表示“配备有，具备”，去掉be，使用Equipped。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：清代秦腔传入北京，直接影响了京剧的形成。本空修饰动词affected，用副词directly“直接地”，作状语。 【45题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：乾隆统治时期秦腔兴盛，秦腔剧团遍布全国各地。主语Qinqiang troupes和distribute之间是被动关系；且描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时被动语态，谓语用were distributed。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英语老师 Eric 每周一课上都会让同学们做读书分享。在呈现时，有些同学喜欢写好稿子朗读，有些同学倾向于直接口头表达。你发现这两种方式各有优点，想就此给Eric写一封邮件进行深入交流，内容包括： 1. 简述你喜欢的呈现方式； 2. 陈述你喜欢的理由。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Eric, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Eric, I trust this message finds you well. I appreciate the diversity in presentation styles employed by students during our weekly book-sharing and I am writing to share my personal preference. I find myself inclined towards spontaneous verbal expression. This preference is rooted in my belief that it allows for a more authentic and engaging interaction with the audience, contributing to a vibrant learning environment. Moreover, this approach encourages effective communication skills and boosts confidence. By expressing thoughts and ideas in real-time, the presenters are better equipped to articulate their points coherently, enhancing the ability to think on their feet. Thank you for considering my perspective, and I look forward to more engaging class activities. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生给英语老师Eric写信，对每周一课上的读书分享活动进行深入交流，简述自己喜欢的呈现方式和理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 偏好：preference→inclination 真实的：authentic→genuine 生动的：vibrant→dynamic 提高：enhance→boost 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I find myself inclined towards spontaneous verbal expression. 拓展句：I find myself inclined towards spontaneous verbal expression, which I believe allows for a more authentic interaction with the audience. 【点睛】[高分句型1] This preference is rooted in my belief that it allows for a more authentic and engaging interaction with the audience, contributing to a vibrant learning environment. （运用了that引导同位语从句以及现在分词contributing作状语） [高分句型2] By expressing thoughts and ideas in real-time, the presenters are better equipped to articulate their points coherently, enhancing the ability to think on their feet.（运用了一般现在时的被动语态结构以及现在分词作状语） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 The first day Mohamed went to a diner in his new neighborhood, he realized that he really wasn’t in Tunisia anymore. He looked up at the menu board, which had nothing but sandwiches on it, and wondered how he was going to figure out what all of these weird names meant. Mohamed decided that he would just get dessert instead and asked the woman at the counter for ice cream in a cup. She smiled broadly and disappeared behind the big glass display case to fill his order. While Mohamed waited, he looked at the baked goods in the case. There were sixteen kinds of bagels (百吉饼) and a few different types of cookies that Mohamed didn’t recognize, but there were no pastries (油酥糕点) and definitely nothing from home. Mohamed had been so excited when his parents told him they were immigrating to the United States, but now, his bravery and excitement felt a little misplaced. The woman came back to the counter with a tall paper cup. It contained a long straw and some kind of frothy (起泡的) drink. Mohamed, completely puzzled, took the cup and thanked her, thinking about the possibility that he had used the wrong word. “It’s the soda you ordered,” she said, “an ice cream drink in a cup.” He smiled at the woman again, pointed at one of the bagels, and said, “That one, too, please,” which seemed to work better. Mohamed took the bagel and his mystery soda to a table and sat down to eat. Why was it that English had been so easy for him in his classes in Tunisia, but when it came down to actually speaking, he couldn’t even get what he wanted to eat? Right now, it just felt depressing that his English was, he thought, poor. One mistake seemed to put everything Mohamed wanted or knew about himself far out of reach. Mohamed bit into his bagel and tried to pull a chunk of it off with his teeth. He wondered if an American emigrating (移居外国) to Tunisia would feel the same way, wondering what to eat, how to ask for it, and even how to eat it. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Just then, Mohamed noticed that a girl at a table near the window was giving him a rather amused look. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: “The first time I tried to order a salad here, I ended up with a plate of pig’s feet,” the girl said. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version: Paragraph 1 Just then, Mohamed noticed that a girl at a table near the window was giving him a rather amused look. Hoping that facial expressions were a little more universal than his English seemed to be at the moment, he smiled at the girl. She stood up and came over to Mohamed’s table. “Hello, I’m Luisa, from Spain.” the girl said, her voice coupled with an accent. The accent was a soft lilt that added a certain charm to her words. Mohamed stood up, thrilled to be able to talk to someone who was an immigrant, but at the same time, hoping she didn’t hear what he ordered or notice that he most certainly didn’t get what he asked for. Paragraph 2 “The first time I tried to order a salad here, I ended up with a plate of pig’s feet,” the girl said. Amused, Mohamed giggled and for the first time that day, he got relaxed. “He wasn’t the only one struggling to communicate.” With a surge of excitement, Mohamed started to share interesting things about America, stories back home in Tunisia. Although Luisa’s English was more fluent, Mohamed greatly enjoyed the conversation. He no longer felt like an isolated island in the neighborhood, firmly believing that his English would improve once he had lived here for a while. He could almost picture himself in a few months, chatting effortlessly with the locals and ordering his favorite food without any confusion. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了初到美国的突尼斯男孩Mohamed在餐厅点餐时遭遇语言障碍，后结识同样来自西班牙的女孩Luisa，两人分享移民经历，最终Mohamed重拾自信的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，本段可以写Mohamed注意到女孩Luisa的目光，两人主动打招呼并互相自我介绍。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，本段可以写Luisa分享自己点餐出错的尴尬经历，两人愉快交谈，Mohamed因此重拾自信。 2. 续写线索： 注意到目光→微笑回应→女孩主动搭话→分享点餐糗事→开心交谈→重拾自信 3. 词汇激活： 行为类： ① 走过来：come over/approach ②享受：enjoy/savor 情绪类： ①激动的：thrilled/exhilarated ②放松：get relaxed/feel at ease 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Hoping that facial expressions were a little more universal than his English seemed to be at the moment, he smiled at the girl. （运用了现在分词hoping作状语以及that引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】 He no longer felt like an isolated island in the neighborhood, firmly believing that his English would improve once he had lived here for a while.（运用了现在分词believing作状语，以及that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $