Unit6语法(将来时;不定式作宾语)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit6 Plan for Yourself语法讲解与练习 语法一: be going to一般将来时 语法二: 动词不定式 (to do)作宾语 第一部分 be going to（一般将来时） 一、含义与用法 be going to +动词原形，表示将来。两大核心用法： 1.计划、打算做某事（本单元主题：未来职业、个人规划） 2.根据迹象，预见即将发生某事 二、高频时间标志词（看到优先考虑将来时） *还有将来时意义的单词和短语in the future；some day；tomorrow；later；soon; tomorrow morning; the day after tomorrow *in +一段时间in 20 years，in three days *next+时间名词next day/week/month/year We are going to watch a movie this evening. 今晚我们打算看电影 He is going to visit his grandma tomorrow morning. 他明天早上打算去看望奶奶。 三、结构 主语+ am /is/are going to +动词原形 ✅ I am going to be an engineer. 我打算成为一名工程师。 ✅ She is going to take up photography. 她准备开始学习摄影。 ✅ They are going to make a resolution. 他们打算制定一份计划。 1. 否定句 主语+ am/is/are not going to + 动词原形 He is not going to give up his dream. 2. 一般疑问句 Am / Is / Are +主语+ going to +动词原形？ —Are you going to study literature? —Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. 3. 特殊疑问句 疑问词+ am/is/are +主语+ going to +动词原形？ What are you going to do after high school? 三、重要考点 1.be 动词由主语决定：I→am；单数 /he/she/it→is；复数 /you→are 2.to 后面只能加动词原形，不能加doing ❌ am going to being ✅ am going to be 3.区别：will vs be going to be going to：侧重事先计划、打算 will：临时决定、单纯预测 例句（贴合单元职业梦想话题，难度适中偏高） 1.My brother is going to become a fireman when he grows up. 我的弟弟长大后打算成为一名消防员。 2.Look! The clouds are heavy. It is going to rain. 看！云层很厚，快要下雨了。 3.Are you going to stick to your resolution? 你打算坚持你的决心吗？ 第二部分 动词不定式 to do作宾语 一、概念 to +动词原形构成动词不定式。放在某些动词后面，充当句子的宾语。 结构：主语+谓语动词+ to do … ✅ He wants to be a musician. ✅ She plans to take up painting. 二、常接 to do 作宾语的高频动词（单元核心单词） want (想要)、plan (计划)、hope (希望)、decide (决定) try (努力)、learn (学习)、agree (同意)、promise (承诺) expect (期待)、prepare (准备)、refuse (拒绝) He hopes to achieve his mini-goal. 他希望达成他的小目标。 三、三大基础变换 否定形式：动词 + not to do He decides not to give up. 他决定不放弃。 一般疑问 Do you plan to study medicine? 易错警示 to 是不定式符号，后面必须使用动词原形；不要和介词to混淆。 四、易混对比（必考陷阱） ✅ want to do 想要做 ❌ want doing /want to doing 1.Many students expect to improve self-improvement skills. 许多学生期待提升自我完善方面的能力。 2.The director promises to give us more chances. 这位导演承诺给我们更多机会。 3.She decides to try her best to pass the exam. 她决定尽最大努力通过考试。 【配套专项练习】 一、用所给词适当形式填空 1.He ________ (be) going to be a lawyer when he grows up. 2.I want ________ (become) a photographer in the future. 3.________ she ________ (take) up painting next term? 4.They plan ________ (make) some New Year resolutions. 5.Look! It ________ (rain). Let’s go inside. 6.My sister ________ not ________ (give) up her dream. 7.We hope ________ (achieve) our mini-goals this term. 8.What ________ you ________ (do) after you leave school? 9.She decides ________ (study) physical education. 10.The fireman ________ (put) out the fire soon. 11.Do you expect ________ (get) good education? 12.He promises ________ (stick) to his resolution. 13.My parents ________ (not go) to the concert this weekend. 14.Try your best ________ (keep) on practicing every day. 15.________ your brother ________ (learn) music? 16.Everyone prepares ________ (improve) themselves. 17.I ________ (be) going to be an engineer. 18.The actress refuses ________ (stop) working hard. 19.Who ________ (be) going to host the meeting? 20.Many students learn ________ (play) musical instruments. 21.It ________ (be) going to be a wonderful speech. 22.We choose ________ (try) our best to realize our dreams. 23.He hopes ________ (not fail) the exam. 24.The businessman ________ (travel) to Germany next month. 25.Don’t forget ________ (introduce) your dream job. 二、单项选择 ( )1. My brother ______ be a musician when he grows up. A. am going to B. is going to C. are going to D. will going to ( )2. She plans ______ photography next term. A. take up B. to take up C. taking up D. takes up ( )3. —______ you going to make a resolution? —Yes, I ______. A. Are; am B. Is; is C. Do; do D. Does; does ( )4. Look at the dark clouds. It ______ rain. A. will B. is going to C. are going to D. be going to ( )5. He hopes ______ his mini-goal before the end of term. A. achieve B. achieving C. to achieve D. achieves ( )6. They ______ going to give up their dream. A. aren’t B. isn’t C. don’t D. doesn’t ( )7. What ______ she ______ do after high school? A. is; going to B. are; going to C. does; going to D. do; going to ( )8. The director promises ______ us a chance. A. give B. giving C. to give D. gives ( )9. —Is your sister going to study literature? —No, she ______. A. isn’t B. doesn’t C. won’t D. can’t ( )10. We decide ______ our best to stick to our dreams. A. try B. to try C. trying D. tries ( )11. Many young people expect ______ engineers. A. become B. becoming C. to become D. became ( )12. ______ he going to be a fireman or a pilot? A. Are B. Is C. Do D. Does ( )13. She chooses ______ to be confident in public. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns ( )14. My parents ______ take me to the concert. A. are going to B. is going to C. am going to D. be going to ( )15. He refuses ______ his resolution. A. change B. to change C. changing D. changes 三、句型转换 1.I am going to be a lawyer.（改为否定句） _________________________________________________ 2.She wants to take up painting.（改为一般疑问句） _________________________________________________ 3.They are going to make some resolutions.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________ 4.He plans to study hard.（否定句） _________________________________________________ 5.My sister is going to be a photographer.（一般疑问句并肯定回答） _________________________________________________ 6.We hope to achieve our goals.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________ 7.It is going to rain soon.（改为一般疑问句） _________________________________________________ 8.They are going to try their best.（否定句） _________________________________________________ 9.She decides not to give up her dream.（肯定句） _________________________________________________ 10.He is going to host the activity.（对划线部分提问） _________________________________________________ 四、汉译英 1.长大后我打算成为一名工程师。______________________________________ 2.她计划下学期开始学习摄影。______________________________________ 3.他们希望达成自己的小目标。______________________________________ 4.乌云密布，马上要下雨了。______________________________________ 5.我的弟弟决定尽最大努力坚持梦想。______________________________________ 6.这位音乐家承诺每天坚持练习。______________________________________ 7.你打算制定新年决心吗？______________________________________ 8.许多学生期待提升自我。______________________________________ 9.他拒绝放弃自己理想的职业。______________________________________ 10. 你准备向大家介绍你的梦想工作吗？_____________________________________ Keys 一、词形填空 1.is 2.to become 3.Is; going to take 4.to make 5.is going to rain 6.is; going to give 7.to achieve 8.are; going to do 9.to study 10.is going to put 11.to get 12.to stick 13.aren’t going 14.to keep 15.Is; going to learn 16.to improve 17.am 18.to stop 19.is 20.to play 21.is going to be 22.to try 23.not to fail 24.is going to travel 25.to introduce 二、单项选择 1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.B 三、句型转换 1.I am not going to be a lawyer. 2.Does she want to take up painting? 3.What are they going to do? 4.He doesn’t plan to study hard. 5.—Is your sister going to be a photographer? —Yes, she is. 6.What do you hope to do? 7.Is it going to rain soon? 8.They aren’t going to try their best. 9.She decides to give up her dream. 10.What is he going to do? 四、汉译英参考译文 1.I am going to be an engineer when I grow up. 2.She plans to take up photography next term. 3.They hope to achieve their mini-goals. 4.There are dark clouds. It is going to rain. 5.My brother decides to try his best to stick to his dream. 6.The musician promises to keep on practicing every day. 7.Are you going to make New Year resolutions? 8.Many students expect to improve themselves. 9.He refuses to give up his dream job. 10.Are you ready to introduce your dream job to everyone? 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $