做高考真题，记高频单词DAY 13（说明文阅读）任务单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单系统整合了说明文阅读高频词汇与命题考点，以“真题语境—词汇拓展—语用实践”为逻辑主线，通过真题再现、词形变换、选词填空等任务链，引导学生从文本理解到词汇应用自主构建知识网络，体现考点梳理的系统性和层次性。 亮点在于自主学习支持与个性化复习设计，如板块四选词填空、板块五单词填空等分层练习适配不同水平学生，板块八单词默写实现自主诊断，语篇翻译任务培养语言能力，词形变换模块提升思维品质。帮助学生建立个性化词汇体系，教师可通过练习反馈精准指导，有效培养自主复习能力。

高考高频单词 DAY 13（说明文阅读） 板块一：真题再现 [（2023·全国一卷·高考真题）] The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. 28. What is the book aimed at? A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device. 29. What does the underlined word "declutter" in paragraph 3 mean? A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over. 30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one? A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods. C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses. 31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two? A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends. C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them. 板块二：核心词汇（30个） 做高考真题，记高频单词 A genius is the person who repeats the most times! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 goal /ɡəʊl/ 目标 make the case 论证；提出理由 digital minimalism 数字极简主义 detailed /ˈdiːteɪld/ 详细的 exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃən/ 探索；探究 teach /tiːtʃ/ 教；教导 adopt /əˈdɒpt/ 采纳；采用 philosophy /fɪˈlɒsəfi/ 哲学；理念 divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ 划分；分开 describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ 描述 philosophical /ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkəl/ 哲学的 foundation /faʊnˈdeɪʃən/ 基础 force /fɔːs/ 力量；动力 intolerable /ɪnˈtɒlərəbəl/ 无法忍受的 discussion /dɪˈskʌʃən/ 讨论 conclude /kənˈkluːd/ 结束；得出结论 suggest /səˈdʒest/ 建议 declutter /ˌdiːˈklʌtə/ 清理；清除杂乱 process /ˈprəʊses/ 过程 step away 离开；暂时退出 optional /ˈɒpʃənəl/ 可选的 online /ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ 在线的 value /ˈvæljuː/ 重视；价值 carry out 执行；实施 draw on 利用；借鉴 experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ 实验 participant /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/ 参与者 strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ 策略 trap /træp/ 陷阱；圈套 cultivate /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/ 培养 板块三：词形变换（供背诵） 1. detail /ˈdiːteɪl/ 细节 — detailed /ˈdiːteɪld/ 详细的 — detailedly /ˈdiːteɪldli/ 详细地 — undetailed /ˌʌnˈdiːteɪld/ 不详细的 — detailing /ˈdiːteɪlɪŋ/ 详述 2. explore /ɪkˈsplɔː/ 探索 — exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃən/ 探索 — explorer /ɪkˈsplɔːrə/ 探索者 — exploratory /ɪkˈsplɒrətəri/ 探索性的 — unexplored /ˌʌnɪkˈsplɔːd/ 未探索的 3. adopt /əˈdɒpt/ 采纳 — adoption /əˈdɒpʃən/ 采纳 — adoptive /əˈdɒptɪv/ 收养的 — adopted /əˈdɒptɪd/ 被采纳的 — adoptable /əˈdɒptəbəl/ 可采纳的 4. philosophy /fɪˈlɒsəfi/ 哲学 — philosophical /ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkəl/ 哲学的 — philosophically /ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkəli/ 哲学上地 — philosopher /fɪˈlɒsəfə/ 哲学家 — philosophize /fɪˈlɒsəfaɪz/ 哲理论述 5. divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ 划分 — division /dɪˈvɪʒən/ 划分 — divisible /dɪˈvɪzəbəl/ 可分的 — indivisible /ˌɪndɪˈvɪzəbəl/ 不可分的 — divider /dɪˈvaɪdə/ 分隔物 6. describe /dɪˈskraɪb/ 描述 — description /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/ 描述 — descriptive /dɪˈskrɪptɪv/ 描述性的 — describable /dɪˈskraɪbəbəl/ 可描述的 — indescribable /ˌɪndɪˈskraɪbəbəl/ 难以描述的 7. tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt/ 忍受 — intolerable /ɪnˈtɒlərəbəl/ 无法忍受的 — tolerance /ˈtɒlərəns/ 容忍 — tolerant /ˈtɒlərənt/ 容忍的 — intolerantly /ɪnˈtɒlərəntli/ 不容忍地 8. discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ 讨论 — discussion /dɪˈskʌʃən/ 讨论 — discussable /dɪˈskʌsəbəl/ 可讨论的 — undiscussed /ˌʌndɪˈskʌst/ 未经讨论的 — discussant /dɪˈskʌsənt/ 讨论者 9. conclude /kənˈkluːd/ 结束 — conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/ 结论 — conclusive /kənˈkluːsɪv/ 决定性的 — conclusively /kənˈkluːsɪvli/ 决定性地 — inconclusive /ˌɪnkənˈkluːsɪv/ 非决定性的 10. suggest /səˈdʒest/ 建议 — suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ 建议 — suggestive /səˈdʒestɪv/ 暗示的 — suggestible /səˈdʒestəbəl/ 易受暗示的 — unsuggestive /ˌʌnsəˈdʒestɪv/ 不暗示的 11. practice /ˈpræktɪs/ 实践 — practical /ˈpræktɪkəl/ 实际的 — practitioner /prækˈtɪʃənə/ 从业者 — practicable /ˈpræktɪkəbəl/ 可行的 — impractical /ɪmˈpræktɪkəl/ 不切实际的 板块四：选词填空 Group A（从以下词汇中选择填空：goal, make the case, detailed, exploration, adopt, philosophy, divide, describe, philosophical, foundation） 1. The __________ of the project is to reduce carbon emissions by 20%. 2. The professor __________ the structure of the argument in great detail. 3. The __________ of the universe has fascinated scientists for centuries. 4. The new policy has been widely __________ by other countries. 5. The __________ of education is that every child should have equal opportunities. 6. The researcher is trying to __________ for the benefits of online learning. 7. The report contains a __________ analysis of the economic situation. 8. The committee decided to __________ the budget into three categories. 9. The author __________ the scene in vivid language. 10. The __________ questions raised by the study require further investigation. Group B（从以下词汇中选择填空：force, intolerable, discussion, conclude, suggest, process, step away, optional, online, value） 11. The __________ of decision-making requires careful consideration. 12. The noise from the construction site was __________. 13. The __________ of the experiment was successful and promising. 14. I __________ that you take a break before continuing your work. 15. The pressure to succeed can be a powerful __________. 16. It is important to __________ from stressful situations occasionally. 17. The __________ discussion lasted for several hours. 18. The company __________ honesty and integrity in all its dealings. 19. The course offers several __________ modules for students to choose from. 20. __________ shopping has become increasingly popular in recent years. 板块五：单词填空 A. 单句语法填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 21. At its core, the philosophy of digital minimalism __________ (require) us to step away from optional online activities and focus on what truly matters. 22. The author __________ (divide) the book into two distinct parts, each addressing a different aspect of embracing a simpler digital lifestyle. 23. Before you can successfully __________ (adoption) the principles of digital minimalism, you must first understand its philosophical foundations. 24. After a thirty-day digital declutter, participants are encouraged to carefully __________ (selection) a small number of meaningful online activities to reintroduce. 25. The __________ (conclude) chapter of the first part provides a detailed guide for readers to carry out their own digital declutter. 26. Many people find their digital lives increasingly __________ (tolerate) due to the constant pressure of social media and endless notifications. 27. By __________ (draw) on an experiment involving over 1,600 participants, the author illustrates how effective the declutter process can be. 28. The book's second part offers practical strategies for cultivating a __________ (sustain) digital minimalism lifestyle that works for each individual. 29. One of the key __________ (benefit) of digital minimalism is that it helps people reclaim time for solitude and high-quality leisure. 30. Readers are encouraged to view the practices in the book as a __________ (tool) designed to aid their efforts in building a more intentional relationship with technology. B. 首字母单词拼写（根据首字母和句意补全单词） 31. The p__________ of digital minimalism is to help people regain control over their digital lives and reduce mindless device use. 32. The book is d__________ into two parts, with the first exploring the philosophical foundations and the second offering practical guidance. 33. Before a__________ digital minimalism, it is important to understand why our current digital habits have become so overwhelming. 34. The digital d__________ process involves stepping away from optional online activities for a full thirty days. 35. After the thirty-day period, you can a__________ back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that provide genuine value. 36. The author d__________ on a large-scale experiment to demonstrate how the declutter process has worked for thousands of people. 37. Cultivating h__________-quality leisure activities is essential for replacing the time previously spent on mindless scrolling. 38. Solitude plays a c__________ role in helping us think more clearly and creatively about our relationship with technology. 39. The practices offered in the second part are designed to help readers b__________ a minimalist lifestyle that fits their particular circumstances. 40. Each chapter c__________ with a collection of actionable practices meant to help readers put the big ideas into practice. 板块六：语篇翻译（英译汉，黑体词为关键） Passage A Digital minimalism is a philosophy that advocates for a simple and intentional use of digital technologies. The goal of this book is to make the case for this philosophy and to teach readers how to adopt it. The author divides the book into two parts. The first part explores the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism and describes the forces that make our digital lives intolerable. The second part offers practical advice on how to cultivate a sustainable lifestyle. The book concludes with a collection of practices that readers can use to build a minimalist life. Passage B The digital declutter is the author's suggested method for adopting digital minimalism. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of this period, you add back only the activities that provide genuine value to your life. The author draws on an experiment with over 1,600 participants to illustrate how this process works. The participants' stories reveal what strategies were effective and what traps to avoid. This approach helps people reclaim their time and attention from mindless device use. Passage C The book also emphasizes the importance of solitude and high-quality leisure. In modern society, we are constantly connected to our devices, leaving little room for quiet reflection. The author argues that solitude is essential for creative thinking and emotional well-being. We need to replace the time spent on mindless scrolling with activities that nourish our minds and spirits. The practices offered in the book are designed to help readers develop healthier habits and build a more fulfilling life. The author views these practices as a toolbox that readers can adapt to their particular circumstances, making digital minimalism a personalized and achievable goal. 板块七：参考译文 本书的目标是为数字极简主义提出论证，包括详细探讨它要求什么以及为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，就教你如何采纳这一理念。 为此，我将这本书分为两部分。在第一部分中，我描述了数字极简主义的哲学基础，从审视导致越来越多人的数字生活变得日益难以忍受的力量开始，然后转向对数字极简主义哲学的详细讨论。 第一部分以介绍我建议的采纳这一理念的方法结束：数字清理。这个过程要求你从可选的线上活动中脱离三十天。在这三十天结束时，你将重新添加少量你精心选择的、相信能为你所重视的事物带来巨大益处的线上活动。 在第一部分的最后一章，我将指导你执行你自己的数字清理。在这样做时，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，超过1600人同意进行数字清理。你将听到这些参与者的故事，并了解哪些策略对他们有效，以及他们遇到了哪些你应避免的陷阱。 本书的第二部分更深入地探讨了一些有助于你培养可持续的数字极简主义生活方式的想法。在这些章节中，我审视了诸如独处的重要性以及培养高质量休闲以替代大多数人现在花在漫无目的使用设备上的时间的必要性等问题。每章最后都附有一系列实践方法，旨在帮助你践行该章的主要理念。你可以将这些实践方法视为一个工具箱，旨在辅助你建立适合你特定情况的极简主义生活方式。 板块八：单词默写（汉译英） 目标 __________ 论证；提出理由 __________ 数字极简主义 __________ 详细的 __________ 探索；探究 __________ 教；教导 __________ 采纳；采用 __________ 哲学；理念 __________ 划分；分开 __________ 描述 __________ 哲学的 __________ 基础 __________ 力量；动力 __________ 无法忍受的 __________ 讨论 __________ 结束；得出结论 __________ 建议 __________ 清理；清除杂乱 __________ 过程 __________ 离开；暂时退出 __________ 可选的 __________ 在线的 __________ 重视；价值 __________ 执行；实施 __________ 利用；借鉴 __________ 实验 __________ 参与者 __________ 策略 __________ 陷阱；圈套 __________ 培养 __________ 【参考答案】 板块一 真题再现答案 28．B 29．A 30．C 31. A 【导语】本文为一本书的序言，介绍了该书的写作目的和框架结构，告诉读者如何在数字时代过简约的生活，摆脱数字活动和设备的束缚。 【详解】 28.B 事实细节题 根据第一段第一句 The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism... 可知，这本书是为了向人们推荐"数字极简主义"而写，即"提倡简约数字生活方式"。 29.A 词义猜测题 根据第三段第二句 This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. 可知，the digital declutter 要求人们远离一些线上活动，即对自己的线上活动进行"清理"。 30.C 事实细节题 根据第四段第三句 You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. 可知，作者在这部分章节中讲述了一些实验参与者的事例供读者参考。 31.A 推理判断题 根据最后一段最后一句 You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. 可知，作者提到可以将这些做法当作工具箱，用来帮助自己形成极简的数字生活方式。 板块四 选词填空答案 Group A goal described exploration adopted philosophy make the case detailed divide describes philosophical Group B process intolerable conclusion suggest force step away discussion values optional Online 板块五 单词填空答案 A. 单句语法填空 requires divides adopt select concluding intolerable drawing sustainable benefits toolbox B. 首字母单词拼写 purpose divided adopting declutter add draws high crucial build concludes 板块六 语篇翻译参考译文 Passage A 数字极简主义是一种倡导 简单和有意识使用数字 技术的理念。本书的目标是论证这一理念，并教读者如何采纳它。作者将本书划分为两部分。第一部分探索了数字极简主义的哲学 基础，并描述了使我们的数字生活变得难以忍受的力量。第二部分提供了关于如何培养 可持续生活方式的实用 建议。本书以一系列实践方法结束，读者可以使用这些方法来建立极简生活。 Passage B 数字清理是作者建议的采纳 数字极简主义的方法。这个过程 要求你从可选的 线上 活动中脱离三十天。在这段时期 结束时，你只重新添加那些能为你生活带来 真正 价值的活动。作者借鉴了一项有超过1,600名参与者的实验来说明这个过程如何运作。参与者的故事揭示了什么策略是有效的，以及应该避免什么陷阱。这种方法帮助人们从漫无目的的设备使用中重新夺回他们的时间和注意力。 Passage C 这本书还强调了独处和高质量 休闲的重要性。在现代社会中，我们不断 连接到我们的设备，几乎没有给安静的反思留下空间。作者主张 独处对于创造性 思维和情感 健康 至关重要。我们需要用滋养我们心灵和精神的活动来替代花在漫无目的地刷屏上的时间。书中提供的实践方法旨在帮助读者培养 更健康的习惯并建立更充实的生活。作者将这些实践视为一个工具箱，读者可以根据自己的特定 情况进行调整，使数字极简主义成为一个个性化且可实现的目标。 板块八 汉译英答案 goal make the case digital minimalism detailed exploration teach adopt philosophy divide describe philosophical foundation force intolerable discussion conclude suggest declutter process step away optional online value carry out draw on experiment participant strategy trap cultivate $