做高考真题，记高频单词DAY 11（说明文阅读）任务单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单聚焦说明文阅读高频词汇，以“真题再现-核心词汇-词形变换-应用练习-自测默写”为架构，将30个核心词汇按“基础含义-词形变换-语境应用”分层组织，通过选词填空、单词填空等任务驱动学生自主建立词汇与语篇的关联，形成系统化词汇网络。 亮点在于自主诊断与语言能力培养，如真题再现环节通过4道高考题引导学生感知词汇在语境中的应用，词形变换板块提供10组词性转换供背诵，单词默写实现即时自测反馈。这一设计既提升学生的词汇应用能力，又帮助教师通过学生练习情况精准定位薄弱点，支持个性化复习指导。

高考高频单词 DAY 11（说明文阅读） 板块一：真题再现 [（2024·全国二卷·高考真题）] We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. "We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment," said a BMF employee. 28. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A. It guarantees the variety of food. B. It requires day-to-day care. C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D. It relies on farmer's markets. 29. What information does the convenient app offer? A. Real-time weather changes. B. Current condition of the plants. C. Chemical pollutants in the soil. D. Availability of pre-seeded pods. 30. What can be concluded about BMF employees? A. They have a great passion for sports. B. They are devoted to community service. C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D. They have a strong environmental awareness. 31. What does the text mainly talk about? A. BMF's major strengths. B. BMF's general management. C. BMF's global influence. D. BMF's technical standards. 板块二：核心词汇（30个） 做高考真题，记高频单词 A genius is the person who repeats the most times! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 fresh /freʃ/ 新鲜的 produce /ˈprɒdjuːs/ 农产品 travel /ˈtrævəl/ 旅行；运输 farmer's market 农贸市场 reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/ 减少 journey /ˈdʒɜːni/ 旅程；路程 shorten /ˈʃɔːtən/ 缩短 indoor garden system 室内花园系统 set up 建立；安装 serve /sɜːv/ 服务；提供 audience /ˈɔːdiəns/ 观众；受众 innovative /ˈɪnəveɪtɪv/ 创新的 design /dɪˈzaɪn/ 设计 effort /ˈefət/ 努力 achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ 实现；达到 reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbəl/ 可靠的 supply /səˈplaɪ/ 供应 fresh greens 新鲜绿叶蔬菜 rely on 依赖；依靠 remotely /rɪˈməʊtli/ 远程地 monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə/ 监控；监测 convenient app 便捷应用程序 growing data 生长数据 real time 实时 automated /ˈɔːtəmeɪtɪd/ 自动化的 pre-seeded pod 预播种容器 emission /ɪˈmɪʃən/ 排放 pesticide /ˈpestɪsaɪd/ 杀虫剂 pollute /pəˈluːt/ 污染 sustainability /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ 可持续性 板块三：词形变换（供背诵） 1. fresh /freʃ/ 新鲜的 — freshness /ˈfreʃnəs/ 新鲜 — freshen /ˈfreʃən/ 使新鲜 — fresher /ˈfreʃə/ 更新鲜的 — freshly /ˈfreʃli/ 新鲜地 2. innovate /ˈɪnəveɪt/ 创新 — innovative /ˈɪnəveɪtɪv/ 创新的 — innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃən/ 创新 — innovator /ˈɪnəveɪtə/ 创新者 — innovatively /ˈɪnəveɪtɪvli/ 创新地 3. rely /rɪˈlaɪ/ 依赖 — reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbəl/ 可靠的 — reliability /rɪˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/ 可靠性 — unreliable /ˌʌnrɪˈlaɪəbəl/ 不可靠的 — reliant /rɪˈlaɪənt/ 依赖的 4. remote /rɪˈməʊt/ 遥远的 — remotely /rɪˈməʊtli/ 远程地 — remoteness /rɪˈməʊtnəs/ 遥远 — remote control /rɪˈməʊt kənˈtrəʊl/ 遥控 — remotion /rɪˈməʊʃən/ 移动 5. convenience /kənˈviːniəns/ 便利 — convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ 方便的 — inconvenient /ˌɪnkənˈviːniənt/ 不方便的 — inconveniently /ˌɪnkənˈviːniəntli/ 不方便地 — conveniently /kənˈviːniəntli/ 方便地 6. automate /ˈɔːtəmeɪt/ 使自动化 — automated /ˈɔːtəmeɪtɪd/ 自动化的 — automation /ˌɔːtəˈmeɪʃən/ 自动化 — automatic /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/ 自动的 — automatically /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪkli/ 自动地 7. emit /ɪˈmɪt/ 排放 — emission /ɪˈmɪʃən/ 排放 — emissive /ɪˈmɪsɪv/ 发射的 — emitter /ɪˈmɪtə/ 排放源 — remit /rɪˈmɪt/ 免除 8. pollute /pəˈluːt/ 污染 — pollutant /pəˈluːtənt/ 污染物 — pollution /pəˈluːʃən/ 污染 — polluted /pəˈluːtɪd/ 受污染的 — polluter /pəˈluːtə/ 污染者 9. sustain /səˈsteɪn/ 维持 — sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbəl/ 可持续的 — sustainability /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ 可持续性 — unsustainable /ˌʌnsəˈsteɪnəbəl/ 不可持续的 — sustained /səˈsteɪnd/ 持续的 10. recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkəl/ 回收 — recyclable /riːˈsaɪkələbəl/ 可回收的 — recycling /riːˈsaɪkəlɪŋ/ 回收利用 — recycler /riːˈsaɪkələ/ 回收商 — non-recyclable /ˌnɒn riːˈsaɪkələbəl/ 不可回收的 板块四：选词填空 Group A（从以下词汇中选择填空，每个词限用一次） fresh, produce, travel, farmer's market, reduce, journey, shorten, indoor garden system, set up, serve 1. Most __________ sold in supermarkets has travelled hundreds of miles before reaching consumers. 2. The __________ from farm to table can be significantly shortened with the right technology. 3. Babylon Micro-Farm is an __________ that allows families to grow their own vegetables. 4. A local __________ offers a solid alternative to supermarket produce. 5. The system can be easily __________ in a small apartment or kitchen. 6. __________ greens are available year-round with this innovative gardening solution. 7. This technology helps __________ the carbon footprint of our daily meals. 8. The company aims to __________ a wide range of customers, from individuals to schools. Group B（从以下词汇中选择填空，每个词限用一次） audience, innovative, design, effort, achieve, reliable, supply, fresh greens, rely on, remotely 9. The __________ of the system ensures efficient plant growth with minimal user input. 10. With a steady __________ of fresh vegetables, families can reduce their dependence on stores. 11. Users can __________ monitor their plants through a convenient cloud-based app. 12. The __________ features of BMF have attracted widespread attention from urban gardeners. 13. By investing minimal __________, users can enjoy a steady supply of homegrown vegetables. 14. The system is highly __________, making it trustworthy for long-term use. 15. Most urban residents __________ BMF for their daily __________ needs. 16. To __________ optimal results, users must follow the instructions carefully. 板块五：单词填空 A. 单句语法填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 17. Babylon Micro-Farm __________ (design) to provide a steady supply of fresh greens with minimal effort. 18. Unlike traditional farming, the system requires __________ (significant) less water to grow healthy plants. 19. Once the plants are __________ (harvest), users can immediately replace them with a new pre-seeded pod. 20. The innovative system __________ (connect) to the cloud, allowing for remote monitoring. 21. By __________ (use) the convenient app, users can track their plants' growth data in real time. 22. The system __________ (automate) so that it delivers the exact amount of water each plant needs. 23. Since the system is installed indoors, no __________ (pesticide) are needed to protect the plants. 24. The employees of BMF are passionate about __________ (reduce) waste and carbon emissions. 25. Encouraging __________ (recycle) and avoiding single-use plastics are daily practices at the company. 26. BMF has been __________ (wide) recognized as an effective solution to urban food production. B. 首字母单词拼写（根据首字母和句意补全单词） 27. Babylon Micro-Farm is an i__________ system that grows fresh greens without soil. 28. The f__________ from seed to harvest takes only a few weeks with BMF. 29. Unlike traditional farms, BMF uses much less w__________ to grow plants. 30. The system provides a r__________ supply of vegetables throughout the year. 31. Users can m__________ their plants remotely through the cloud-based app. 32. After h__________, the plants can be replaced with new pre-seeded pods. 33. BMF is environmentally friendly because it produces zero e__________ from transportation. 34. The employees l__________ out sustainability in their daily lives. 35. The company encourages r__________ and waste reduction in the workplace. 36. BMF's mission is to help people a__________ food independence in urban areas. 板块六：语篇翻译（英译汉，黑体词为关键） Passage A The Babylon Micro-Farm is an innovative indoor garden system that reduces the distance food travels from farm to table. Unlike traditional farmer's markets, which still involve significant transportation, BMF allows people to grow fresh greens right where they are consumed. The system is automated and reliable, providing a steady supply of fresh produce with minimal effort. Users simply set up the system and let it do the work. The innovative design ensures that plants receive the right amount of water and light. Passage B BMF is connected to the Cloud and can be remotely monitored through a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. This allows users to check the condition of their plants from anywhere. The automated system reduces water usage by delivering just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users can replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod to start the next growth cycle. This makes the system both efficient and user-friendly. Passage C BMF is also environmentally friendly. Because the system is located in the same building where the food is eaten, there are zero emissions from transportation. Additionally, BMF does not use pesticides or other chemicals that pollute the environment. The company's employees live out sustainability in their daily lives by recycling, reducing waste and avoiding single-use plastic. The company is passionate about protecting the environment and encourages others to adopt sustainable practices. 板块七：参考译文 我们都知道，说到食物，新鲜的是最好的。然而，商店里的大多数农产品在到达餐桌之前都经历了数周的运输，行程数百英里。虽然农贸市场是缩短运输路程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微农场（BMF）进一步缩短了这一距离。 BMF是一个室内花园系统。它可以为家庭安装。此外，它还可以服务于更大的受众群体，如医院、餐厅或学校。其创新设计只需很少的努力就能实现每周稳定供应新鲜绿叶蔬菜。 具体来说，它是一个依赖新技术的农场。通过云端连接，BMF被远程监控。此外，还有一个便捷的应用程序提供实时生长数据。由于该系统是自动化的，它显著减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是浇灌一排排的土壤，而是为每株植物提供适量的水。收获后，用户只需用新的预播种容器替换植物即可开始下一个生长周期。 此外，在同一栋建筑内种植并食用的系统意味着从土壤到沙拉运输过程中零排放。此外，不需要杀虫剂和其他污染传统农场及周围环境的化学物质。 BMF的员工在日常生活中践行可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免使用一次性塑料来鼓励回收利用和减少浪费。“我们热衷于减少环境中的废弃物、碳和化学物质，”一位BMF员工说。 板块八：单词默写（汉译英） 新鲜的 __________ 农产品 __________ 旅行；运输 __________ 农贸市场 __________ 减少 __________ 旅程；路程 __________ 缩短 __________ 室内花园系统 __________ 建立；安装 __________ 服务；提供 __________ 观众；受众 __________ 创新的 __________ 设计 __________ 努力 __________ 实现；达到 __________ 可靠的 __________ 供应 __________ 新鲜绿叶蔬菜 __________ 依赖；依靠 __________ 远程地 __________ 监控；监测 __________ 便捷应用程序 __________ 生长数据 __________ 实时 __________ 自动化的 __________ 预播种容器 __________ 排放 __________ 杀虫剂 __________ 污染 __________ 可持续性 __________ 【参考答案】 板块一 真题再现答案 28．C 29．B 30．D 31. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种室内花园系统——巴比伦微农场（BMF），它不仅能为家庭和大型机构提供新鲜蔬菜，还能利用云技术远程监控和自动化操作，促进了可持续性和环保。 【详解】 28.C 事实细节题 根据第一段最后一句 While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. 可知，巴比伦微农场进一步缩短了运输路程。C项中的 cuts...distance 是文中 shortens 的同义替换。 29.B 事实细节题 根据 convenient app 定位到第三段，由该段第三句 Also，there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. 可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了实时的生长数据。B项中的 Current 是文中 real time 的同义替换。 30.D 推理判断题 根据 BMF employees 定位到文章最后一段，由该段第一句 "BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives." 及最后一句 "We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment," said a BMF employee. 可知，BMF的员工在日常生活中践行可持续行为，并热衷于减少环境中的废弃物、碳排放和化学制品，由此推测，他们具有强烈的环境意识。 31.A 主旨大意题 本文第一段以新鲜食物的重要性及商店农产品运输的问题为导入，引出巴比伦微农场，指出其可缩短运输路程的优势。第二段强调巴比伦微农场通过创新设计，能保证新鲜蔬菜供应。第三段详细说明巴比伦微农场依靠新技术，在节水等方面的优势。第四段指出其在可持续发展方面的优势。故整篇文章围绕巴比伦微农场的优势展开介绍。 板块四 选词填空答案 Group A produce journey indoor garden system farmer's market set up Fresh reduce serve Group B design supply remotely innovative effort reliable rely on, fresh greens achieve 板块五 单词填空答案 A. 单句语法填空 is designed significantly harvested is connected using is automated pesticides reducing recycling widely B. 首字母单词拼写 innovative from water reliable monitor harvested emissions live recycling achieve 板块六 语篇翻译参考译文 Passage A 巴比伦微农场是一个创新的室内花园系统，缩短了食物从农场到餐桌的运输距离。与仍然涉及大量运输的传统农贸市场不同，BMF允许人们就在消费地种植新鲜绿叶蔬菜。该系统自动化且可靠，以最少的努力 提供稳定的新鲜农产品 供应。用户只需安装系统，让它完成工作。创新的设计 确保植物获得适量的水和光照。 Passage B BMF连接到云端，可以通过便捷的应用程序 远程监控，该应用程序实时 提供 生长数据。这允许用户从任何地方检查植物的状况。自动化系统通过为每株植物提供适量的水来减少水的使用。收获后，用户可以用新的预播种容器 替换植物以开始下一个生长周期。这使得该系统既 高效又用户友好。 Passage C BMF也是环保的。由于该系统位于食物被食用的同一栋建筑内，因此运输 排放为零。此外，BMF不使用杀虫剂或其他污染 环境的化学物质。该公司的员工通过回收利用、减少浪费和避免使用一次性塑料，在日常生活中践行 可持续发展。该公司热衷于 保护 环境，并鼓励他人采用 可持续的做法。 板块八 汉译英答案 fresh produce travel farmer's market reduce journey shorten indoor garden system set up serve audience innovative design effort achieve reliable supply fresh greens rely on remotely monitor convenient app growing data real time automated pre-seeded pod emission pesticide pollute sustainability $