做高考真题，记高频单词DAY 19（完形填空） 任务单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语学习任务单聚焦高考完形填空高频词汇，系统整合20个选项高频词及10个原文核心词，通过真题语境、词形变换（如excite→excited→excitement）构建“词汇-语境-应用”三维知识网络，以选词填空、单词填空等任务驱动学生自主梳理词形变化规律与语境运用逻辑，体现考点梳理的系统性和层次性。 亮点在于诊断性自测与语言能力培养设计，开篇真题再现直观呈现考点分布，单句语法填空、首字母填空等模块精准诊断词形转换与语境应用薄弱点，语篇翻译和默写任务强化词汇在语篇中的综合运用，有效提升学生语言能力和学习能力。教师可通过学生自测结果把握学情，助力个性化复习指导，培养学生自主复习能力。

高考完形填空高频单词 DAY 19 一、真题再现 （2018·全国一卷·高考真题·完形填空） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I jumped at the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn't want to save a few dollars? More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren't excited enough about free credits, news about our instructor was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which meant I would be learning from one of the game's best. I could hardly wait to meet him. Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this job was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it clear that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to pass the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions and, eventually, to our lives. I managed to get an A in that course and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the classroom. Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he taught me: "The absolute most important skill that you learn when you play chess is how to make good decisions. On every single move you have to analyze a situation, process what your opponent is doing and evaluate the best move from among all your options." These words still ring true today in my role as a journalist. 41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down 42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay 43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired 44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor 45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant 46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest 47. A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat 48. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job 49. A. real B. perfect C. clear D. possible 50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe 51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare 52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally 53. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment 54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation 55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised 56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill 57. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments 58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control 59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate 60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior 二、核心词汇（30个高考高频词） （★ 标注的为选项中出现的高频词，未标注的为原文中出现的高频词） 做高考真题，记高频单词 A genius is the person who repeats the most times! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 jumped at ★ 迫不及待地接受（短语） save ★ /seɪv/ 节省，节约 excited ★ /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ 兴奋的 instructor ★ /ɪnˈstrʌktə/ 教练，导师 meant ★ /ment/ 意味着 best ★ /best/ 最好的 meet ★ /miːt/ 会见，见面 job ★ /dʒɒb/ 工作，职业 clear ★ /klɪə/ 清楚的，清晰的 pass ★ /pɑːs/ 通过 apply ★ /əˈplaɪ/ 应用，申请 eventually ★ /ɪˈventʃuəli/ 最终 course ★ /kɔːs/ 课程 classroom ★ /ˈklɑːsruːm/ 教室 taught ★ /tɔːt/ 教授 skill ★ /skɪl/ 技能，技巧 decisions ★ /dɪˈsɪʒənz/ 决定 analyze ★ /ˈænəlaɪz/ 分析 evaluate ★ /ɪˈvæljueɪt/ 评估 role ★ /rəʊl/ 角色 grandmaster /ˌɡrændˈmɑːstə/ 大师 credits /ˈkredɪts/ 学分 former /ˈfɔːmə/ 前任的，以前的 graduate /ˈɡrædʒuət/ 毕业生 introduction /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃn/ 介绍 criteria /kraɪˈtɪəriə/ 标准 professions /prəˈfeʃənz/ 职业 opponent /əˈpəʊnənt/ 对手 options /ˈɒpʃənz/ 选择 journalist /ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ 记者 三、词形变换（核心词拓展） 1. excite /ɪkˈsaɪt/ v. 使兴奋 — excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ adj. 兴奋的 — exciting /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ adj. 令人兴奋的 — excitement /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/ n. 兴奋 2. instruct /ɪnˈstrʌkt/ v. 指导 — instructor /ɪnˈstrʌktə/ n. 教练 — instruction /ɪnˈstrʌkʃn/ n. 指示 — instructive /ɪnˈstrʌktɪv/ adj. 有教育意义的 3. mean /miːn/ v. 意味着 — meant /ment/ v. 意味着（过去式） — meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ n. 意义 — meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ adj. 有意义的 4. apply /əˈplaɪ/ v. 应用 — application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 应用，申请 — applicant /ˈæplɪkənt/ n. 申请人 — applicable /əˈplɪkəbl/ adj. 适用的 5. eventual /ɪˈventʃuəl/ adj. 最终的 — eventually /ɪˈventʃuəli/ adv. 最终 — event /ɪˈvent/ n. 事件 6. teach /tiːtʃ/ v. 教 — taught /tɔːt/ v. 教（过去式） — teacher /ˈtiːtʃə/ n. 老师 — teaching /ˈtiːtʃɪŋ/ n. 教学 7. decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ v. 决定 — decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ n. 决定 — decisive /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/ adj. 决定性的 — undecided /ˌʌndɪˈsaɪdɪd/ adj. 未决定的 8. analyze /ˈænəlaɪz/ v. 分析 — analysis /əˈnæləsɪs/ n. 分析 — analytical /ˌænəˈlɪtɪkl/ adj. 分析的 — analyst /ˈænəlɪst/ n. 分析师 9. evaluate /ɪˈvæljueɪt/ v. 评估 — evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn/ n. 评估 — evaluative /ɪˈvæljueɪtɪv/ adj. 评估性的 10. compete /kəmˈpiːt/ v. 竞争 — competitor /kəmˈpetɪtə/ n. 竞争者 — competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ n. 比赛 — competitive /kəmˈpetətɪv/ adj. 有竞争力的 11. qualify /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ v. 使合格 — qualification /ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 资格 — qualified /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/ adj. 合格的 12. observe /əbˈzɜːv/ v. 观察 — observation /ˌɒbzəˈveɪʃn/ n. 观察 — observer /əbˈzɜːvə/ n. 观察者 板块四：选词填空 第一组（从方框中选择恰当的词填空，每词限用一次） jumped at；save；excited；instructor；meant；best；meet；job；clear；pass 1. Presented with such a golden opportunity, she __________ it without any hesitation or second thought. 2. Through careful budgeting and consistent effort, the determined student worked hard to __________ enough money for his tuition fees. 3. Hearing about the upcoming school trip to the zoo, all the children were extremely __________ and could hardly contain themselves. 4. Providing both theoretical knowledge and practical skills, the experienced driving __________ guided the students throughout the entire course. 5. For all drivers on the road, the red traffic light clearly __________ that every vehicle must come to a complete stop. 6. According to language experts, the __________ way to master a new language is through consistent daily practice. 7. Before starting the project, the manager arranged to __________ the new employee at the office for an orientation session. 8. After completing his computer science degree, that talented young man found a __________ as a software engineer at a top company. 9. Unfortunately, the written instructions were not __________ enough, causing many students to make costly mistakes. 10. Throughout the entire semester, the diligent student studied extremely hard in order to __________ the final examination successfully. 第二组（从方框中选择恰当的词填空，每词限用一次） apply；eventually；course；classroom；taught；skill；decisions；analyze；evaluate；role 11. Having both theoretical and practical value, this important principle can be __________ to solve numerous real-world problems. 12. After many years of persistent practice and dedicated learning, she __________ became a recognized expert in her chosen field. 13. Catering to diverse student interests, that prestigious university offers a wide range of __________ for students to select from. 14. Filled with eager young minds, the __________ was buzzing with students who were hungry for new knowledge. 15. Throughout the entire semester, the inspiring professor __________ the students how to think critically and independently. 16. According to many employers, the most essential __________ in this demanding position is effective communication. 17. Facing complex challenges, good leaders consistently make wise __________ based on careful consideration of all options. 18. Before drawing any final conclusions, the careful scientist needs to thoroughly __________ all the collected data. 19. Throughout the learning process, the wise teacher asked every student to __________ their own progress honestly. 20. Dedicated to nurturing young minds, a teacher's primary __________ in the school is to inspire and guide students. 板块五：单词填空 A. 单句语法填空（用括号内所给词的适当形式填空） 21. Spreading rapidly through the stadium, the news of the victory caused tremendous __________ (excite) among the cheering crowd. 22. Clearly written and easy to understand, the __________ (instruct) provided by the manual were extremely helpful. 23. Depending heavily on its specific context, the exact __________ (mean) of any word is often determined by its usage. 24. Improving efficiency across all departments, the __________ (apply) of modern technology has greatly benefited the company. 25. Thanks to the team's remarkable cooperation, they __________ (eventual) succeeded in completing the challenging project. 26. After reviewing his impressive qualifications, the manager firmly believed that Danial was fully __________ (qualify) for the important post. 27. After lengthy debate and careful thought, a final __________ (decide) to change the policy was reached by the committee. 28. Taking several hours to complete, the thorough __________ (analysis) of the complex problem required great patience. 29. Reflecting both strengths and weaknesses, the __________ (evaluate) of the new product was generally positive. 30. Throughout the entire training period, a young __________ (compete) trained exceptionally hard for the national championship. B. 首字母填空（根据句意及首字母补全单词） 31. Presented with a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, that fortunate student j__________ at the chance to study abroad. 32. Thanks to its fuel-efficient engine, this newly designed car saves a significant amount of f__________ on long journeys. 33. Looking forward to the big competition, the young athlete was incredibly e__________ about the upcoming event. 34. Providing clear and detailed guidance, the swimming i__________ gave excellent instructions to all the beginners. 35. According to weather forecasters, the cloudy sky unmistakably m__________ that heavy rain might arrive soon. 36. According to many successful students, the b__________ way to prepare thoroughly for exams is to review materials regularly. 37. Hoping to discuss important matters, the two national leaders arranged to m__________ in the city center. 38. After graduating from university, that talented young woman found a fulfilling j__________ as a professional translator. 39. Despite their initial complexity, all those rules are actually c__________ and easy for anyone to understand. 40. With consistent effort and diligent study, that dedicated student will certainly p__________ the final examination. 六、语篇翻译（英译汉） Passage 1 During my college years, I jumped at the chance to take a free chess course. I wanted to save money, and I had always wanted to learn chess. I was excited when I learned that our instructor was an international grandmaster. This meant that I would learn from one of the best players. I could hardly wait to meet him. Teaching was not just a job for him — he made it clear that we would have to work hard to pass the course. Passage 2 The course taught me to apply the lessons I learned to my future career and, eventually, to my life. I got an A in that course, and the lessons I learned have served me well beyond the classroom. My instructor taught me that the most important skill in chess is how to make good decisions. On every move, you have to analyze the situation, process what your opponent is doing, and evaluate the best move among all options. These words still guide me in my role as a journalist. Passage 3 The ability to make good decisions is one of the most valuable skills we can develop. Whether in a game of chess, a business negotiation, or daily life, we are constantly faced with choices. The key is to analyze the situation carefully, evaluate the possible outcomes, and then act with confidence. This process requires practice and patience. Great instructors can guide us, but ultimately, we must learn to trust our own judgment. The course of life is filled with challenges, but each challenge is an opportunity to apply what we have learned. And just like in chess, the best moves often come from careful thought rather than quick reactions. So the next time you face a difficult decision, take a moment to analyze, evaluate, and then move forward with purpose. In the end, the choices we make define who we are and what we eventually become. 七、默写（汉译英） 迫不及待地接受（短语） __________________________ 节省，节约 __________________________ 兴奋的 __________________________ 教练，导师 __________________________ 意味着 __________________________ 最好的 __________________________ 会见，见面 __________________________ 工作，职业 __________________________ 清楚的，清晰的 __________________________ 通过 __________________________ 应用，申请 __________________________ 最终 __________________________ 课程 __________________________ 教室 __________________________ 教授 __________________________ 技能，技巧 __________________________ 决定 __________________________ 分析 __________________________ 评估 __________________________ 角色 __________________________ 大师 __________________________ 学分 __________________________ 前任的，以前的 __________________________ 毕业生 __________________________ 介绍 __________________________ 标准 __________________________ 职业 __________________________ 对手 __________________________ 选择 __________________________ 记者 __________________________ 【参考答案】 一、 真题再现 41—45 BCADD 46—50 CBDCB 51—55 CACBA 56—60 DBADA 板块四 选词填空答案 第一组 jumped at save excited instructor meant best meet job clear pass 第二组 applied eventually courses classroom taught skill decisions analyze evaluate role 板块五 单词填空答案 A. 单句语法填空 excitement instructions meaning application eventually qualified decision analysis evaluation competitor B. 首字母填空 jumped fuel excited instructor meant best meet job clear pass 六、语篇翻译参考译文 Passage 1 在我的大学期间，我迫不及待地接受了免费象棋课程的机会。我想节省钱，而且我一直想学象棋。当我知道我们的教练是一位国际大师时，我非常兴奋。这意味着我将从最好的棋手之一那里学习。我几乎等不及要见到他。教学对他来说不仅仅是一份工作——他清楚地表明我们必须努力学习才能通过这门课程。 Passage 2 这门课程教会我把学到的知识应用到未来的职业中，并最终应用到我的生活中。我在那门课程中得了A，我学到的经验在课堂之外也让我受益匪浅。我的教练教我，象棋中最重要的技能是如何做出好的决定。每一步你都必须分析形势，判断对手在做什么，并评估所有选项中最好的一步。这些话至今仍指导着我作为记者的角色。 Passage 3 做出好决定的能力是我们能培养的最有价值的技能之一。无论是在棋局中、商业谈判中还是日常生活中，我们不断面临选择。关键是要仔细分析形势，评估可能的结果，然后自信地行动。这个过程需要练习和耐心。优秀的教练可以指导我们，但最终，我们必须学会相信自己的判断。生活的课程充满了挑战，但每个挑战都是应用我们所学知识的机会。就像下棋一样，最好的走法往往来自深思熟虑而不是快速反应。所以下次你面临困难的决定时，花点时间分析、评估，然后有目的地前进。最终，我们做出的选择定义了我们是谁以及我们最终成为什么。 七、词汇默写 jumped at / save / excited / instructor / meant / best / meet / job / clear / pass / apply / eventually / course / classroom / taught / skill / decisions / analyze / evaluate / role / grandmaster / credits / former / graduate / introduction / criteria / professions / opponent / options / journalist $