考点13 语篇填空-【创新大课堂】高考英语五年（2022-2026年）真题分类汇编168优化重组卷

专题四 语法填空 考点十三 语篇填空 题组一 Cloze1(2025·浙江1月，15分) Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单：dresses to less formal clothing,8. she 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer The price of fashion-economically and environ-to travellers,such as those headed to weddings mentally-has led to the rise of 1. new way abroad,with a longerterm rental period."I really of dressing,and it's beginning to take off in Aus- want to make this work for 9. (people) tralia,too.As people now choose to wear more lives today,and I know that doesn't always mean (time),clothing rental 10. clothes fewer 2. return)a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,"she says. services have become increasingly popular. Cloze2(2025·全国I卷，15分) “I think it's an amazing idea,”says Tanya 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 Perilli,who owns a clothing rental shop. 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 "Customers today look past the fact that An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in something is secondhand and focus instead Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go,or 3. the fact that they have something weigi in Chinese,1. originated in China unique to wear 4. are not overstuffing more than 4,000 years ago. their own wardrobes(衣柜)or contributing to Go is one of 2. earliest binary- landfill.” based(基于二元的)games.,The movements of the Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of rent rather than purchase them Eastern philosophy,according to Tu Ningning, outright,providing a less expensive 6. who is in charge of the exhibition. solve)to one-time event dressing.The concept "The exhibition brings together Go culture, 7. (be)certainly not new-men have cutting-edge technology and contemporary art," been renting good suits for decades-but for says Tu."We hope 3. present)the female shoppers,it is just taking off.This rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual clothing-as-service model follows the broader context,and initiate dialogues with minimalist societal movement towards shared economies. art,conceptual art and expressionism. 95 “In a Go game,each move should serve a long-design features ten steel“sepals(萼片)”made of term goal.You try to lead the opponent into your trap glass and aluminium ()These sepals open on and force them to follow your'4. (guide)'warm days 3. (give)the inside plants till they lose,"explains Wang Wei,a Go player among sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather,the the visitors to the exhibition. structure stays 4. (close)to protect the "The players'personalities 5. plants. (reveal)during the game,and one's weaknesses Further,the Silk Route Garden around the are exposed to the opponent,"she adds."A decent greenhouse 5. (walk)visitors through a winner always 6. try)to beat the journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,by opponent 7. no more than one or two which silk as well as many plant species came to points as a gesture()of respect for the other Britain for 6. first time.These plants side.” included modern Western 7. (favourite) Tu says that the balance between the black such as rosemary,lavender and fennel.The and white pieces,the beauty in the 8. garden also contains a winding path that guides (strategy)placement of the pieces,9. visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk the energy flow following each move inspired artists to Road.The path offers over 300 plant species for create oil paintings,sculptures,10. (digital) visitors to see,too. generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the The Glasshouse stands 8. a great exhibition. achievement in contemporary design,to house Cloze3(2024·新课标I卷，15分) the plants of the southwestern part of China at 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 the end of a path retracing(追溯)the steps along 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 the Silk Route 9. Heatherwick Studio recently built brought the plants a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's from their native habitat in Asia to come to define Woolbeding Gardens.This beautiful structure, much of the 10. (rich)of gardening in named Glasshouse,is at the centre of a new England. garden that shows how the Silk Road influences Cloze4(2023·新课标I卷，15分) English gardens even in modern times. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单 The latest 1. (engineer)techniques 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 are applied to create this protective 2. Xiao long bao soup dumplings),those (function)structure that is also beautiful.The amazing constructions of delicate dumpling 96 wrappers encasing hot,1. (taste)soup Cloze5(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷，15分) and sweet,fresh meat,are far and away my 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 favorite Chinese street food.The dumplings arrive 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Whenever I tell people that I teach English steaming and dangerously hot.To eat one,you at the Berlin Zoo,I almost always get a have to decide whether 2. (bite)a small questioning look.Behind it,the person is trying hole in it first,releasing the steam and risking a: to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals? 毁 spil(溢出)，3. to put the whole Since June 2017,right before the 1. dumpling in your mouth,letting the hot soup (arrive)of the two new pandas,Meng Meng and explode on your tongue(舌头). Jiao Qing,I have been helping the panda keepers ® Shanghai may be the 4. (recognize) at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 2. home of the soup dumpling,but food historians (confidence)speaking English.And who do they r speak English 3. will actually point you to the neighboring ancient Not the pandas,even though 4. canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's language used for the medical training instructions is birthplace.There,you'll find them prepared actually English.They talk to the flood of differently-more dumpling and less soup-and international tourists and to 5. (visit) the wrappers are pressed 5. hand rather Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on 量 than rolled. the pandas,which are on loan from China.They 家 Nanxiang aside,the best xiao long bao have also need to be ready to give 6. (interview) in English with international journalists.This is a fine skin,allowing them 6. (lift)out of; 7. they need an English trainer. 罗1 the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any So,what are they learning?8. 烂 of 7. (they)contents.The meat should (basic),how to describe a panda's life.It's been be fresh with 8. touch of sweetness,and 、、 an honor to watch the panda programme develop the surrounding soup hot,clear and delicious. to see the pandas settle into their 抵 No matter where I buy them,though,one new home.As a little girl,I 10. (wish) steamer basket is 9. (rare)enough,yet two to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now,I'm seems greedy,and so I am always left 10. living out that dream indirectly by helping the 贺 panda keepers do their job in English. (want)more next time. 母 97 题组二 Cloze1(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷，15分) 9. recall)watching a Chinese 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入I个适当的单opera version of Shakespeare's play RichardⅢin 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Chinese cultural elements commemorating Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The (纪念)Tang Xianzu,1. is known as Peony Pavilion,Edmondson said,"It was very "the Shakespeare of Asia,"add an international exciting to hear the Chinese language 10. character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William see how Tang's play was being performed." Shakespeare's hometown. Cloze2(2022·全国乙卷，15分) Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 and both died in 1616.Although they could never 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 have met,there are common 2. May 21st this year marks the first International (theme)in their works,said Paul Edmondson,:Tea Day,which was named officially 1. head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace the United Nations on November 27th,2019.To Trust."Some of the things that Tang was writing celebrate 2. festival,a number of events about 3. be )also Shakespeare's took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum concerns.I happen to know that Tang's play The in Beijing on Thursday. Peony Pavilion(《牡丹亭》)is similar in some The chairman of the China Culture Promotion ways 4. Romeo and Juliet.” 、 Society 3. (address)the opening ceremony. A statue commemorating Shakespeare and "As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace the birthplace of tea and the 4. (large) Garden in 2017.Two years later,a six-meter-tall tea-producing country,China has a 5. pavilion,5. (inspire)by The Peony :(responsible)to work with other countries to Pavilion;6. (build)at the Firs Garden,just promote the healthy development of the tea ten minutes'walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. 、 industry.It can help to build a community with a Those cultural elements have increased 6. share)future for mankind,"he Stratford's international 7. visible),said. said Edmondson,adding that visitors walking The "First International Tea Day Tea Road through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed Cooperative Initiative"issued (at the 8. (find)the connection between the two ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry great writers. to come together to promote international cooperation 98 7 cultural exchanges.A four-year tea from around the world to have thirty-six hours of promotion-Tea Road Cooperative Plan-was uninterrupted live broadcasts. also issued in accordance with the initiative. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was 8. (strengthen)the connection with officially unveiled (at the ceremony, young people,the event included a number of opening 10 (it)first exhibition:The public promotional activities on social media,Avenue of Truth-A Special Exhibition of Pu'er 9. (invite)twenty-nine tea professionals Tea. 题组三 Cloze1(2026·全国I卷，15分) entertainment.People from near and far crowd 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单into these markets on daji days.7. 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (draw)by the aroma(香味)of street food,they Daji,or big open-air fairs,typically take line up in front of stands 8. serve place on specific dates of the lunar calendar,for;steaming dumplings and hot noodle soup.While example,on dates with five or seven as the last:eating and enjoying street performances,they chat digit.It is also common for them 1. with each other and share stories of their daily (hold)during traditional Chinese holidays such as lives.Before 9. (head)home,they fill the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn their shopping bags with fresh fruit and Festival,as well as other local festivals.The exact vegetables from local farmers, at prices dates and 2. (frequent)of daji vary from significantly 10. cheap)than those region to region. found in supermarkets. Daji originated from the ancient folk custom Cloze2(2026·全国Ⅱ卷，15分) of trading goods,which dates back to 3. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 Han Dynasty..As transportation and communication:词或括号内单词的正确形式。 4. (be)underdeveloped at that time,it My first time doing tai chi was very difficult for households to obtain daily For the first 15 minutes of my tai chi(太极) (necessity).As a solution,people:class,we remain 1. (entire)in one spot gathered at specific locations on set days to trade to warm up.Angela,a tai chi 2. their surplus(剩余的)items6. what :(instruct)with twenty-eight years of experience, they needed. says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with In addition to being venues for buying and no negative thoughts."Your mind 3. body selling,daji are occasions for socializing and:go together.That's all that matters. 99 Although not a morning person,I begin my you're shopping for one,buying extra 1. lesson with Angela and about twenty others at a(benefit from price reductions doesn't make Sydney community centre courtyard at 7 am."Put sense.Either your shopping is then too heavy to your 4. (foot)parallel(平行)，and use;carry home2. you can't use what your dan tian to hold up your body,"she says. you've bought while it's still fresh. In tai chi,the dan tian is your gi core and gi Of course,shops are not charities- they in Chinese means life force.Now,I 5. price goods in the way 3. will make (suppose)to feel the weight on my legs and sinkthem the most money.If most of their customers my dan tian. are happy to buy larger quantities,that's 4. We move on to tai chi positions,of 6. they'll promote.But that leaves the solo(单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. there are forty-two in the style that Angela Many supermarkets are no longer doing "buy teaches.Today,we will only be doing the first one get one free"promotions because of the nine.The movements have 7. (describe) :5. (criticize)that they lead to waste. names like“holding the bowl'”and“grabbing the Consumers prefer money off individual items. bird's tail.” However,though it's nice to get a few cents off a During most of the class,we follow Angela pack of sausages,it would help even more if they and concentrate on making tiny,isolated(单独) could sometimes 6. (offer)in smaller movements.Then,Angela gets us to try the nine: packs.Even the biggest sausage fan doesn't want movements on our own.I keep my eyes 8. to eat them every day. a woman to my right and try to copy her If your supermarket sells loose produce, movements,but unfortunately I soon lose focus. then buying smaller quantities is easier.Over the At the end of the lesson,I feel wide awake,last two years,some supermarkets 7. despite it still 9. (be)early at 8 am.It's(start)selling chicken or salad in packs 8. time for my dan tian 10. meet design)with two halves containing separate another life force:coffee. portions ()Then,when you use one section, C10ze3(2024·浙江卷1月，15分) 9 other stays fresh. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 Who knows,perhaps some of the more 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 forward-looking 10. (one)may yet The shelves in most supermarkets are full of come out with a whole range of "just for you" family-size this and multi-buy that.However,if pack sizes with special offers as well. 100 题组四 Cloze1(2024·全国甲卷，15分) Saint Elias in southern Alaska,10. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 became a national monument in 1978,took the 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at million acres. T any level,the national parks,in particular.,tend;Cloze2(2023·全国乙卷，l5分) 1. (catch)our attention because of their 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 large size and variety.They are 2. 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 圜 (treasure)of American heritage(遗产).How did Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the the national park system come about?On a cool, modern.From Buddhist temples to museums, 吹 starry night in mid-September 1870,four men narrow hutong 1. royal palaces,it is relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River 、 home to more than 3,000 years of glorious in 3. is now northwestern Wyoming. history even down to its layout,with the city They 4. be)part of a 15-member keeping its carefully 2. (build)system exploring party that had spent almost fivei of ring roads. 带 awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is there. 弥 also a place 3. welcomes the fast-paced What should 5. (do)with such a development of modern life,with 21st-century beautiful place?They wondered out loud.This 抑 architectural 4. (wonder)standing side area,with 6. (it)unique and breathtaking 烂 by side with historical buildings of the past. natural beauty,must be well preserved 7. It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that all people of the nation to enjoy-as a national shouldn't work,5. somehow these two park.They all agreed and vowed(承诺)to 抵 promote the idea at the 8. (complete)ofvery different worlds make a good combination. their journey.Their promotional work paid off.Two 6. visit)several times over the last 10 尔 years later,18 years before Wyoming became a years,I7. (amaze)by the co-existence of state,Yellowstone became the first national park old and new,and how a city was able to keep 出 in the United States and the world.Yellowstone such a rich heritage (while constantly was the 9. large)United States growing.As a photographer,I have spent the last two national park-2.2 million acres-until Wrangell-years 8. (record)everything I discovered. 101 The 9. (remark)development of the route by hiking as a tribute (to the this city,which is consciously designed to protect ancient Silk Road.4. friend of his,Wu the past while stepping into the modern world,Fan,volunteered to be his companion during the 10. mean)there is always something trip. new to discover here,and I could be photographing Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the Beijing for the next 50 years. road,in order to promote environmental 5. Cloze3(2022·全国甲卷，15分) (protect).Cao believes this will make the hiking 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单：trip even more6. (meaning).The two of 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles A visually-challenged man from Beijing along the 40-day journey. recently hiked(徒步)40 days to Xi'an,as a first In the last five years,Cao 7. (walk) step 1. (journey)the Belt and Road through 34 countries in six continents,and in route(路线)by foot. 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africa's On the 1,100-kilometer journey,the man 8. (high)mountain. Cao Shengkang,2. lost his eyesight at Now,Cao has started the second part of his the age of eight in a car accident,crossed 40 cities dream to walk along the Belt and Road route.He and counties in three provinces.Inspired by the flew 4,700 kilometers 9. Xi'an to Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation Kashgar on Sept.20,10. (plan)to hike 3. (hold)in Beijing,Cao decided to cover back to Xi'an in five months. 题组五 Cloze1(2026·浙江1月，15分) feeling so high up there.She would dance us left and 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单；right around the kitchen,our eyes4. 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (watch)the microwave like it was a space rocket There are few people who could find joy in countdown,5. excite)and tension waiting for a microwave(微波炉)l. building to that final moment:BEEP!The (finish)heating,but my mum did it.One of my microwave had a loud alarm,but we overshadowed earliest memories is being held 2. her that noise with our own performance,tipping our arms,counting down the flashing green 3. heads back and shouting into the air-a scream (number)together.Mum is small,but I remember 6. always ended in laughter. 102 My mum would find fun even when (I )feeling extremely at home here.And in the completing the most boring of tasks.I remember process,I've experienced things that really 7 (push)in a supermarket trolley(手推surprise me at times.The“sunshine scent(香味昧)” 车)over8. uneven car park ground like of freshly sunned clothes 6. (be)one of riding a roller coaster.She would speed up,the them. wind blowing our hair back,9. my tiny Growing up,my family and our neighbors voice singing out,"Weeee-eee-ece!" never used clotheslines to dry clothing,denying I realise now that Mum didn't find the joy in me the chance 7. (discover)one of the these tasks:she created it.Who cares if great wonders of sunshine-the sweet"sunshine neighbours can hear you singing along to a scent"after sunning clothes for an entire day.The microwave?Life is full of so many 10. sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where (seeming)uneventful moments,but we can turn I live,thanks to the 8. (absent)of smog any of them into a celebration. and plenty of blue sky 9. (afternoon) Cloze2(2025·全国Ⅱ卷，15分) with lots of fresh air. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 If you've never experienced the "sunshine 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 scent"from a sheet or shirt 10. (leave) I was born and raised in Cleveland,Ohio in to sun for a day,well,you're missing out on one the United States.Yet now,I live in the of life's wonders. countryside of Zhejiang,China with my Chinese Cloze3(2023·全国甲卷，l0分) husband and his family,1. bamboo and 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 tea bushes(灌木)grow wild in the mountains,; 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 chickens are always free-range,and 2. For thousands of years,people have told (center)heating doesn't exist. 、 fables(寓言)1. (teach)a lesson or to Nothing in my life before prepared me pass on wisdom.Fables were part of the oral 3. this one-and to be sure,the first tradition of many early cultures,and the well- time I came here I never imagined I would ever known Aesop's fables date to the 2. feel comfortable in this area.But it's amazing how(six)century,B.C.Yet,the form of the fable you can adapt 4. learn in a new still has values today,3. Rachel Carson environment.Over time,I've found 5. :says in“A Fable for Tomorrow.” 103 Carson uses a simple,direct style common to the residential areas according to social classes. fables.In fact,her style and tone(口吻)are The term“hutong”,2. (original) seemingly directed at children."There was once a meaning "water well"in Mongolian,appeared town in the heart of America 4. all life first during the Yuan Dynasty. seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its In the Ming Dynasty,the center was the surroundings,"her fable begins,5. Forbidden City,3. surround in (borrow)some familiar words from many age-old concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and fables.Behind the simple style,however,is a Outer City.Citizens of higher social classes serious message 6. (intend for 4. (permit)to live closer to the center of everyone. the circles.The large siheyuan of these high- 7. difference)from traditional ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often fables,Carson's story ends with an accusation 5. feature)beautifully carved and instead of a moral.She warns of the environmental painted roof beams and pillars ()The hutongs dangers facing society,and she teaches that they formed were orderly,lined by 6. people must take responsibility 8. saving (space)homes and walled gardens.Farther from their environment. the center lived the commoners and laborers. The themes of traditional fables often deal Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and with simple truths about everyday life.However, simple)in design and decoration, Carson's theme is a more weighty 9. and the hutongs were narrower. (warn)about environmental destruction.Carson Hutongs represent an important cultural element proves that a simple literary form that has been of the city of Beijing.Thanks to Beijing's long history passed down through the ages can still 10. 8 the capital of China,almost every hutong (employ)today to draw attention to important has its stories,and some are even associated with his- truths. toric 9. (event).In contrast to the court life C1oze4(2023·浙江1月，15分) and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单 City,the Summer Palace,and the Temple of Heaven, 词或括号内单词的正确形式。 the hutongs reflect 10. culture of grassroots During China's dynastic period, emperors Beijingers. planned the city of Beijing 1. arranged 1049.B[根据上文可知，作者第一次来，Mario就给作者送礼 物。因此，哪怕礼物看起来不怎么好，作者对Mario的善良 还是很感激的(thankful for))。be sympathetic to“对…表 示同情”；be thankful for“对……表示感激”；be cautious a bout“对…谨慎”：be interested in“对…感兴趣”。] 10.A[根据下文中的“Those tomatoes had a l3that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child”和“it was 17”可知，作者还是试着(tried) 吃了西红柿，并试喝了葡萄酒。] 11.C[根据下文中的“Those tomatoes had a13that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child'”可知，西红柿很好吃，因此只根据西红柿奇形 怪状的外表就判断它不好，这是不明智的(unwise)。 uncertain“犹豫，不确定的”。] l2.A根据上文中的“we were6 because they were so misshapen”可知，作者之前就根据西红柿的外表对其进行 了评判，这里作者表示仅凭你吃的东西的外表作评判是不明 智的。appearance“外表，外貌”；origin“起源，源头，起因”。] 13.D[根据常识可知，应该是西红柿的味道(taste)让作者 想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，且这一，点也可以通过下 文的“Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 14 perfect but taste of water”进行印证。] l4.B[根据上文中的“the nice,round,7 things you get in a supermarket'”可知，超市里的西红柿看起来(look)很 完美。] 15.A[根据上文提到的超市里的西红柿看起来很完美，但 寡而无味和常识可知，这样的西红柿无法给人们留下美 好的(happy)回忆。vivid“(记忆、描迷等)生动的，逼真 的，（光、颜色等）鲜艳的，鲜明的”；vague“不明确的，不清 楚的，（形状）模糊的”。] 16.D[上文对超市卖的西红柿进行了吐槽，本句依然是对 这些西红柿的吐槽。根据“It's a surprise they haven't managed to grow square ones”可知，此处作者是在吐槽人 们为什么不把西红柿种成方的，这样还好包装(pack)呢。] 17.A[结合空前的“Mario's wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle”可知，Mario的酒可能是浑浊 的，是从一个旧瓶子里倒出来的，但是他的酒完美 (perfect)。convenient'“方便的，便利的”；familiar“熟悉的， 常见的，普通的”。] l8.C[根据上文中的“It's good to eat things at the correct time”和常识可知，当季的(in season)食物是可口的。on view“展览着”；on sale'“出售，折价销售”；in season'“当季 的”；in need'“贫围的，围难中的”。] 19.D[根据上文可知，Mio送来的西红柿是当地的，结合 上文中的“as close as possible”也可以判断，作者认为要吃 离种植(grown)地尽可能近的食物。store“贮存，储藏”。] 20.B[此处呼应上文中的“coming to4 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine”,故选 B项。] 专题四语法填空 考点十三 语篇填空 题组一 Cloze 1 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会一社会与文化 —一服装租赁服务 文章大意：时尚的代价推动服装租赁业的兴起。服装租赁满 足了人们对独特着装的需求，同时也符合共亨经济的发展 趋势。 l.a[冠词way“方式”是可数名词，此处表示一种新的穿 衣方式的兴起，表泛指，ew的发音以辅音音素开头，故填 不定冠词。句意：时尚的经济和环境代价推动了一种新 的穿衣方式的兴起，而这种方式在澳大利亚也开始流行 起来。] 2.times[名词复数time在此意为“次，回”，是可数名词， 其前有fewer修饰，故填复数形式times。] 3.on/upon[介词此处考查固定搭配focus on/,upon“集中 注意力于…”，故填on/upon。本题易被instead误导， instead意为“反而，相反地”，是表示转折的副词，位置比较 灵活。 4.and[并列连词分析句子结构可知，“that they have something unique to wear...contributing to landfill" that引导的同位语从句。结合句意可知，“have something unique to wear”和“are not overstuffing their own wardrobes(衣柜)or contributing to landfill'”是并列关系，故 填and。句意：如今的消费者不再介意衣服是二手的，而是 关注他们有独特的衣服可穿，不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满 的，也不会增加垃圾填埋场的负担。] 5.to rent[非谓语动词句子主千是Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes,空处在此作非谓语。结合句意可知， “5. rather than purchase them outright”在此作目 的状语，故用动词不定式to rent。句意：Tanya的店为女 性提供时尚服装，以便女性可以租赁而不是直接购买这些 服装，这为一次性活动的着装提供了一个稍微便宜的解决 方案。] 6,solution[名词空处作providing的宾语，其前有冠词和 形容词修饰，故填名词solution。] 7.is[动词的时态和主谓一致“men have been renting good suits for decades”是对“The concept7. certainly not new”这句话的解释说明。此处描述客观事 实，应用一般现在时；主语“The concept”是单数。故 填is。」 8.which[定语从句空前句是完整的句子，不缺成分：空 后句中的package和offer都缺少宾语，故空处应该引导非 限制性定语从句，指代空前表物的less formal clothing,故 填which。句意：除了特殊场合的礼服，Tanya还在寻找不 太正式的服装，她计划把这些服装打包成胶囊衣橱，提供 给比如前往国外参加婚礼的旅行者等，租期较长。] 9.people's[名词所有格空处修饰名词lives,应用名词所 有格形式，故填people's,表示“人们的”。] l0.returning[非谓语动词此处考查固定用法mean doing sth.“意味着做…”，故用动词-ing形式作宾语，填 returning。 Cloze 2 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会一一社会文化一 围棋主题艺术展 文章大意：本文介绍了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋 为灵感的艺术展览，展示了围棋文化与当代艺术、科技的 融合，旨在通过视觉艺术的形式呈现围棋的抽象性和哲学 内涵。 1.which[定语从句本句的主千是“An exhibition is featuring artwork”,结构完整，故本空需要一个引导非限制 性定语从句的关系词，因为从句中缺少主语，且先行词 “Go”指代物，因此用关系代词which。句意：上海久事美 术馆的一场展览重点介绍以Go(中文称“围棋”)为灵感的 艺术作品，围棋在4000多年前起源于中国。] 2.the[冠词“one of十the十adj.最高级”为固定搭配，表 示“最…的…之一”，故填定冠词the。句意：围棋是最 早的基于二元的比赛之一。] 3.to present[非谓语动词本空考查“hope to do sth.”结 构，表示“希望做某事”，故填to present。句意：我们希望将 相当抽象的围棋比赛与人工智能置于视觉背景中呈现，并 以极简主义艺术、概念艺术和表现主义开启对话。] 4.guidance[名词空处在物主代词your之后，需要一个 名词作follow的宾语，表示“引导”，故填guidance。] 5.are revealed[动词的时态、语态和主谓一致空处是谓 语动词，此处描述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时。主语 The players'personalities是复数，与reveal是被动关系， 应用被动语态。故填are revealed。句意：“棋手的性格会 在对局中显现出来，一个人的弱，点也会暴露给对手，”她补 充说道。」 6.tries[动词的时态和主谓一致主语是单数名词 winner,此处描述的是客观事实，因此用第三人称单数形 式，故填tris。句意：一个体面的胜者总是试图以不超过 一两分的优势打败对手，以示对对手的尊重。] 7.by[介词此处考查介词by的用法，表示“以…之 差”。] 8.strategic[形容词本空需填一个形容词修饰名词 placement,表示“策略上的”，故填strategic。句意：屠（宁 宁)表示，黑白棋子的平衡，棋子战略性布局的美感，以及 每一步棋所带来的能量流动，激发了艺术家们为这次展览 创作油画、雕塑、数宇生成图像以及丝网印刷作品。] 9.and[并列连词分析句子结构可知，空处和the balance between the black and white pieces the beauty in the 8(strategy)placement of the pieces是并列的平行关 系，应用and连接。] l0,digitally[副词本空在过去分词generated之前，应用 副词修饰，表示“数字生成地”，故填digitally。] Cloze 3 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会一一社会与文化 一中西方文化互鉴 文章大意：本文介绍了英国“丝路花园”的整体设计以及其中 新建成的玻璃温室。 l.engineering[非谓语动词空处修饰空后的名词 techniques,在句中作定语，说明名词的作用，故填动名词 engineering。此处表示“最新的设计制造技术”。] 2.functional[形容词空处与protective并列，修饰空后 的名词structure,应用形容词形式，故填functional'“实用 的”。句意：最新的工程技术被应用于创建这种兼具保护性 和功能性且还美观的结构。] 技巧点拔：高中英语语法填空中常考“动词（十定语）十名词” 的动宾结构，如本题和第7题。在判断该结构时，考生需要 注意宾语（名词）前面一般是一个或多个定语（形容词）。这 里“create十structure'”是一个完整的动宾结构，this、protective 和设空处是并列定语修饰structure。. 3.to give非谓语动词空处所在句的谓语动词是open, 空处应用非谓语动词。根据语境可知此处表示目的，故填 不定式to give。句意：在温暖的日子里，这些萼片会打开 以给内部植物（提供）阳光和新鲜空气。] 4.closed[形容词空前的stays作系动词，表示“保持”， 空处作表语，表示“关闭的”，故应用形容词closed。] 技巧点拔：3空和4空所在句讲在“warm days'”和“cold weather”这两种天气中，萼片的对应表现，3空呼应4空所在 句中的“to protect'”,而4空与上文中的“open”形成了对比，即 反义表达。close也可作形容词，但其含义是“（在空间、时间 上)接近：亲密的”，与语境不符。 1: 5.wlks[动词的时态、语态和主谓一致分析句子结构可 知，空处在句中作谓语。本句描述了the Silk Route Garden 的客观情况，时态用一般现在时：此处时态也可以根据下 文中的“contains..·guides..·.offers”判断；walk在此作动 词，表示“（循序渐进地）教，逐步引导”，与主语the Silk Route Garden之间为主动关系；主语表示第三人称单数。 所以填walks。」 技巧点拨：此处与下文中的“guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road”结构相同，考生也可以借此 判断walk的正确形式。 6,the[冠词此处考查固定表达for the first time,意为“第 一次”，所以填the。」 7.favourites[名词复数分析句子结构可知，空处作动词 included的宾语，前面的modern Western为定语，所以此 处应填名词；根据空后的举例“such as rosemary,lavender and fennel'”可知，空处表示复数概念。故填favourites。 favourite在此处为可数名词，表示“特别喜爱的事物”。] 8.s[介词结合语境“该玻璃温室作为当代设计的伟大成 就而存在”可知，空处需要填as。 9.that/which[定语从句分析句子结构可知，空处引导定 语从句，先行词为表示物的名词短语the Silk Route,关系 词在从句中作主语，所以填that/which。] l0.richness[名词空处跟在定冠词the之后，且空后的of gardening对空处进行限定，因此应填名词richness。] Cloze 4 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍中国的特色小 吃小笼包，包括其吃法、发源地等。 1.tasty[空处与空前的形容词hot并列，修饰空后的名词 soup,故空处填形容词tasty。] 2.to bite[此处考查“whether十不定式”结构，空处与下文 的to put是并列关系。] 3,or[whether.,or..“是…还是…”是固定搭配。句 意：要吃一个小笼包，你必须决定是先把小笼包咬个小口， 把热气释放出来，冒着汤汁溢出来的风险，还是把整个包 子塞进嘴里，让热汤在你的舌头上爆开。] 4,recognized[此处表示“得到认可的小笼包的发源地”。空 处在句中作定语，修饰名词home,且与home之间是逻辑 上的动宾关系，故填过去分词recognized。] 5.by[by hand“用手工”，是固定搭配。故填by。] 6.to be lifted[空前的them指代上文的xiao long bao,此处 表示“小笼包被从蒸笼里拿出来”。them与lift是逻辑上 的动宾关系，此处构成allow sth.to be done结构，意为“允 许某事被做”，故空处填to be lifted。] 7,their[此处用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰空后 的名词contents,表示“不会使包子开裂，或者溢出包子里 的任何东西”。] 8.a[a touch of“少许，微量”，是固定搭配。句意：肉应该新 鲜，带着一丝甜味；汤汁要热、清澈并且美味。注意：nd后 面的并列分句承前省略了should be。] 9.rarely[此处enough为形容词，其前应用副词修饰，故填 rarely“几乎不”。] l0.wanting[分析句子结构可知，此处考查“leave sb.doing sth.”结构，表示“使我想着下次多吃点”。 Cloze 5 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了“我”教 熊猫饲养员英语的经历。 1,arrival分析句子结构可知，空处作介词before的宾语， 跟在定冠词the的后面，需要用名词，arrive的名词形式是 arrival。故填arrival。」 2.confident[根据空前的并列连词and可知，空处与空前的 形容词comfortable并列，同作feel的表语，因此，空处也需 要填形容词。故填confident。句意：自2017年6月，就在 两只新大熊猫“梦梦”和“娇庆”到来之前，我一直在帮助动 物园的熊猫饲养员更自在、更自信地讲英语。] 3.to/with[根据下文中的“Not the pandas..They talk to the flood of international tourists'”可知，此处的意思是“他 们和谁说英语呢”。故填to/with。] 4.the空后为可数名词单数language,因此，空处考虑使用 冠词起限定作用，根据language后的“used for the medical training instructions”可知，此处表特指，所以空处应该填定 冠词the。」 5.visiting[分析句子结构可知，空处作前置定语，修饰空后 的“Chinese zookeepers”,visit与Chinese zookeepers之间 为逻辑上的主谓关系，此处意为“来访的中国动物园管理 员”，所以空处需要填visiting。句意：他们要和蜂拥而来的 国际游客，以及来访的中国动物园管理员交谈。这些动物 园管理员会经常来为从中国借来的大熊猫做检查。] 6.interviews[分析句子结构可知，空处作动词give的宾语， 需要用名词。根据空后的“with international journalists (和国际记者)”可知，空处表示复数意义，所以空处需要填 interviews。 7.why[根据句意“他们还需要随时准备好接受国际记者的 英文采访。这就是他们需要一个英语老师的原因”可知， 此处考查固定句型“This is why...”,所以空处需要 填why。」 8.Basically[分析句子结构可知，空处作副词修饰整个句 子。由于本空位于句首，首字母需要大写，所以空处需要 填Basically。句意：那么，他们在学什么呢？总的说来，他 们在学习如何描述大熊猫的生活。] 9.and[分析句子结构可知，空前的“to watch.,.develop”和 空后的“to see.,home”结构相似，空处考虑使用连词。结 合句意“能够关注大熊猫项目的发展并看着大熊猫在新的 住处安顿下来是一种荣幸”可知，空处前后是语意上的并 列关系，所以空处应该填and。] l0.wished根据空前的“As a little girl”和空后的“when I grew up”“Now,I'm living out that dream”可知，空处讲的 是作者小时候的愿望，故时态应用一般过去时，所以空处 需要填wished。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望我长大后 成为一名动物园管理员。] 题组二 Cloze 1 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会一文化交流 莎士比亚和汤显祖的相似之处 文章大意：为纪念素有“东方莎士比亚”之称的汤显祖，一座 凉亭在莎士比亚的故乡建立，此举提高了莎士比亚故乡的国 际知名度。来此地的游客惊奇地发现东西方的这两位伟大 作家的作品有一些共性。 l.who[定语从句先行词是Tang Xianzu,从句中缺少主 语，且空前有逗号，故应用wh0引导非限制性定语从句。] 2.themes[名词复数根据“there are”可知，此处应用名词 复数themes。句意：虽然他们可能从未见过面，但是他们 的作品中有共同的主题。 3.were[动词的时态和主谓一致主语是Some of the things,且此处描述过去的事，故填were。句意：汤显祖所 写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的事。] 4.to[介词be similar to是固定短语，意为“与…相似”。 句意：我怡好发现汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》和《罗密欧与朱 丽叶》在一些方面相似。] 15 5.inspired[过去分词根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此 空应用非谓语动词；inspire与asix-meter-tall pavilion之间 为动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语，故填inspired。句意： 两年后，受《牡丹亭》的启发，一座六米高的凉亭被建在离 莎士比亚出生地仅有十分钟的步行路程的衫国。] 6.was built[动词的时态和语态空处在句中作谓语，主语 是a six-meter-tall pavilion,与build之间是被动关系，此处描述 过去的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was built。] 7.visibility[名词international是形容词，应修饰名词。 visible的名词形式为visibility,表示“知名度”。此处表示 这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福的国际知名度。] 8.to find L动词不定式be amazed to do sth.是固定搭配， 意为“对做某事感到惊讶”。此处表示游客惊讶地发现这 两位伟大的作家之间的联系。] 9.Recalling[现在分词此句已有谓语动词said,recall与 主语Edmondson之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语， 故填Recalling。句意：Edmondson回忆起在上海观看莎士 比亚的戏剧《理查三世》的中文版，以及见到几年前来到斯 特拉特福表演《牡丹亭》片段的中国演员，他说：“听到中文 以及看到汤显祖的戏剧如何被表演是非常令人兴奋的。” l0.andL连词hear the Chinese language和see how Tang's play was being performed是并列关系，故此处应 用and连接两个不定式短语，and后承前省略不定式符 号t0。 Cloze 2 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍为了庆祝 第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。 1.by[考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将 5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。“今年”表示被动，使用固 定结构“be十动词-ed形式十by”。故填by。] 2.the[考查冠词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的 中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。] 3,addressed[考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开 幕式上致辞。陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填 addressed。 4.largest[考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和 最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与 其他国家共同促进茶产业的使康发展。根据定冠词the和 常识可知，用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。] 5.responsibility[不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式」 故填responsibility。」 6,shared[考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运 共同体。非谓语动词作定语修饰名词future。share和名 词future之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用动词-ed形式。 故填shared。」 7.and[考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万 里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作 和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故 填and。] 8.To strengthen考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻 人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活 动，邀请了来自世界各地的二十九名茶叶专业人士进行三 十六小时不间断的直播。表达“为了加强与年轻人的联 系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。 9,inviting[考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主 语the event与invite之间为主谓关系，所以用动词-ing形 式作状语。故填inviting。] 10,ts[考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式 揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真一普洱茶专题 展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。] 题组三 Cloze 1 语篇类型：说明文主题：人与社会一一社会文化一一中国 大集 文章大意：本文主要介绍了大集的举办时间、起源和功能等。 1.to be held[非谓语动词“Itis+adj.(+for sb./sth.) 十to do sth.”是常用句型，表示“（对某人/某物来说）做 …是…的”。本句中，them(指大集)与hold“举办”之 间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用不定式的被动形式，应填0 be held。句意：春节、中秋节等中国传统节日以及其他地 方节庆期间，举办大集也十分普遍。」 2.frequency[名词and连接两个并列的名词作主语，故填 所给词的名词形式。此处表示“发生的频率”，此时 frequency是不可数名词。句意：各地大集的具体举办日期 和频次都不尽相同。] 3.the[冠词此处特指“汉代”这一朝代，需用定冠词the。 句意：大集源于古老的民间商品交易习俗，其历史可追溯 至汉代。」 4.were[动词的时态和主谓一致根据表示过去的时间状 语at that time可知，此处要用一般过去时；主语是 transportation and communication,表示复数概念，谓语应 用复数形式。故填were。] 5.necessities[名词复数空处作动词obtain的宾语，且被 形容词dily修饰，应用名词。根据语境可知，此处表示“日 常必需品”，应用其复数形式necessities。句意：当时交通 与通讯都很落后，家家户户很难买到生活必需品。] 6.for介词[trade A for B为固定搭配，表示“用A交换 B”,故填介词for。句意：于是人们便在固定的日期聚集到 固定地点，用自家富余的物品换取所需之物。] 7.Drwn[非谓语动词分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓 语形式作状语。draw“吸引”与句子主语之间是逻辑上的 动宾关系，应用过去分词，且空处位于句首，首字母要大 写。故填Drawn。] 8.that/which[关系从句空处引导关系从句，先行词是 stands,指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。 句意：被街边美食的香气吸引，人们在售卖热气腾腾的饺 子和汤面的摊位前排起了队。] 9.heading[非谓语动词此处表示“回家”，head在此作动 词，空前Before是介词，故填heading。] 10.cheaper[形容词比较级根据句中的比较级标志词 than可知，此处要用形容词的比较级，故填cheaper。句 意：回家前，人们还会买下当地农户售卖的新鲜果蔬，这 里的价格远比超市实惠得多。] Cloze 2 语篇类型：记叙文主题：人与自我—一生活与学习一一初 次体验太极 文章大意：本文记述作者初次上太极课的经历，记录了课堂 所学以及课后的感受。 l.entirely[副词空处修饰动词remain,需用副词。entire 的副词形式为entirely,意为“完全地”。句意：太极课的前 15分钟，我们完全待在同一个地方进行热身。 2.instructor[名词空前有不定冠词a,结合语境可知，此 处表示太极“教练”。instruct是动词，表示“教授”，其名词 形式instructor表示“教练，导师”。句意：拥有28年经验 的太极教练Angela说，成功练习太极的一小时是没有负面 想法的一小时。] A 3.and[连词此处连接名词mind(头脑)和body(身体)，二 者为并列关系，应用并列连词and。句意：你身心合一。] 4.feet[名词复数空处作Put的宾语，应用名词：foot表示 “脚”，结合语境可知需用复数形式feet。句意：她说：“双脚 平行，用你的丹田来支撑身体。” 5.am supposed[动词的时态和固定搭配分析句子结构可 知，空处在句中作谓语。结合上下文时态，本文以一般现 在时叙事，此处应用一般现在时；be supposed to do sth.为 固定搭配，意为“应当做某事”，主语为1，故填am supposed。句意：此刻，我要感受双腿承受的力量，下沉 丹田。] 6.which[关系从句分析句子结构可知，空前有介词of, 此处为“介词十关系代词”引导非限制性关系从句，先行词 为tai chi positions,指代事物用which。句意：接下来我们 开始练习太极招式，Angela所教的这套拳一共有四十 二式。] 知识拓展 “介词十关系代词”引导关系从句 “介词十关系代词”是关系从句高频考点，介词后只能用 which(指物)、whom(指人)，that、who不能放在介词后。按 照介词选用依据，分为以下三类： (1)介词由从句谓语动词的固定搭配决定 介词和从句中的动词构成固定搭配，再将介词提前至关系代 词前。 例句：The girl with whom you spoke just now is a tai chi coach.你刚才与之交谈的那位女土是一名太极教练。 (2)介词由先行词的常用搭配决定 介词和前面的先行词构成常用搭配，据此选择介词。 例句：I remember the courtyard in which we had our first class.我还记得我们上第一堂课的那个院子。 (3)介词根据句意与逻辑关系确定 结合语境表达所属、部分与整体、范围等含义，常考“数词/代 词+of which/whom”结构。 例句：There are over twenty students in the class,nine of whom learned new moves today,班里有二十多名学员，其中 九人今天学习了新动作。 7,descriptive L形容词空处修饰名词names,需用形容词。 describe是动词，意为“描述”，形容词descriptive意为“描 写的”。句意：这些招式有着形象的名字，比如“捧碗”和 “揽雀尾”。] 8.on[介词keep one's eyes on sb./sth.,表示“细心观 察”，为固定搭配。句意：我一直细心观察我右侧的一位女 士，试着模仿她的动作，但不幸的是，我很快就失去了注 意力。 9.being[非谓语动词此处为介词despite后接独立主格 结构，it与be之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词 being。句意：课程结束时，虽然才早上八点，我却已经彻底 清醒了。」 10.to meet[非谓语动词此处考查固定句型“lt's time for sb.sth.to do sth.”,意为“到某人/某物做某事的时候 了”，应用动词不定式，故填to meet。句意：我的丹田要迎 来另一股活力源泉咖啡了。] Cloze 3 语篇类型：新闻报道主题语境：人与社会一社会现象 一营销手段 文章大意：超市促销所推行的家庭装或多次购买策略不再受 欢迎，相反散装或小包装商品更受顾客青睞。 1,to benefit[动词不定式分析句子结构可知，空处在句 中作非谓语。根据空前的“buying extra”和空后的“from price reductions”可知，此处指多买一些为了从降价中获 益，所以应用不定式作目的状语。] 2.or[固定句式either..or..意为“要么…要么 …”,为固定句式，所以此处应用连词or。] 3.that/which[定语从句分析句子结构可知，空处引导定 语从句。从句中缺少主语，且先行词为wy。所以应用关 系代词that或which。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构一 他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。] 4.what[名词性从句分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语 从句。从句中缺少宾语，且指事物，所以应用连接代词 what。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那 他们就会推广。] 5.criticism L名词根据空前的“because of the”可知，空处 应用名词作宾语。空后的that引导同位语从句，说明空处 名词的具体内容。故填criticism“批评”。] 6.be offered[动词的语态分析句子结构可知，此处考查 谓语动词。offer作动词，意为“提供”，主语they代指前文 中的sausages,与offer构成被动关系。且空前有情态动词 could。故应填be offered。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便 宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能提供小包装，那就更 好了。」 7.have started[动词的时态、语态和主谓一致根据句中 时间状语“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完 成时。主语为复数名词supermarkets,与start之间是主动 关系。故填have started。] 8.designed过去分词分析句子结构可知，此处考查非谓 语动词短语作后置定语。design和逻辑主语packs之间构 成动宾关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。] 9.the[冠词the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此 处应用定冠词the。] l0.ones[代词代词one意为“（某类人中的）一个”，在 some of后应用复数形式。] 题组四 Cloze 1 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会一历史与文化 —一美国国家公园系统 文章大意：文章讲述了美国国家公园系统的起源。 1.to catch[非谓语动词根据句意并分析句子结构可知， 句中已有谓语tend,此处应填非谓语。tend to do sth.“往 往会做某事”为固定用法，故填to catch。] 2.treasures[名词复数根据空前的are和空后的of可知， 空处应用名词复数，故填treasures。句意：它们是美国遗 产中的珍宝。 3.what宾语从句分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从 句且在宾语从句中作主语，故填what。句意：l870年9月 中旬，一个凉爽的繁星点，点的夜晚，四个男人在位于现在 怀俄明州西北部的火洞河河边的营火前放松。 4.were[时态和主谓一致结合文章时态和句意可知，此 处描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；主语是They,be动 词应用复数形式。故填were。] 5.be done[动词的语态主语What与do之间是被动关 系，应用被动语态；空前的should是情态动词，其后用动词 原形。故填be done。」 6.its[形容词性物主代词根据句意并分析句子结构可 知，空处修饰后面的beauty,应用形容词性物主代词，故填 ts。句意：这个地区有着它独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景， 必须作为国家公国保护好，以供全国人民欣赏。] 7.for[介词根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处缺少介 词，应用f0r“(表示对象、用途等)给，对，供”。] 8,completion[名词根据前面的the和后面的of可知，空 处应用名词，故填completion。句意：在旅行结束时他们都 同意（这个想法）并承诺要推广这个想法。] 9.largest[形容词最高级根据空前的the及句意可知，空 处应用形容词最高级，表示“最大的”。] 10.which非限制性定语从句分析句子结构可知，空处 引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词是 Wrangell--Saint Elias,故填which。] Cloze 2 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。北京市在保护古代文化 遗产的同时发展城市，为世界各国树立了榜样。 1,to[from..to..“从…到…”，是固定用法。] 2.built[此处为with复合结构。system of ring roads与 build之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词。故填 built.。 3.that/which[分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且 在从句中作主语，先行词为place,故填that/which。] 4.wonders[wonder在此表示“奇迹，奇观”，是可数名词， 其前无限定词修饰，应用复数。故填wonders。] 5.but/yet[前后分句间是转折关系，故填but/yet。] 6.Having visited[结合句意及句中的状语“several times over the last 10 years'”可知，visit所表示的动作已经发生多 次，且发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。故填Having visited。 7.am amazed[句意：在过去的10年里，我来过几次，我惊叹 于新与旧的共存，以及一个城市如何能够在不断发展的同 时保持如此丰富的遗产。此处陈述客观情况，应用一般现 在时；I和amaze之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填 am amazed。 8,recording[此处考查“spend some time doing something” 结构，故填recording。」 9.remarkable[空处在句中作定语，修饰名词development, 应用形容词。故填remarkable“非凡的，卓越的”。 l0,means[文章的主时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般 现在时；句子的主语为“The9(remark)develo pment of this city'”,谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填means。] Cloze 3 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一个失明 的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。 l.to journey[考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京 的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的 第一步。journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词， 应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。] 2,who[考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁 时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城 市和县。引导非限定性定语从句，指代人，在从句中作主 语，应用关系代词who。故填who。] 3.held[考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带 一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路 线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。句子已有谓语动词decided, 所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间 为逻辑动宾关系，应用动词-ed形式，作后置定语，表被动 故填held。] 4.A[考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为 他的同伴。泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend发音 以辅音音素开头，应用a,空处位于句首，首字母大写。故 填A。] 5,protection[考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以 促进环境保护。有形容词environmental修饰应用名词， protection表示“保护”，是不可数名词。故填protection。] 6,meaningful[考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步 旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词 meaningful作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。] 7.has walked[考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹 步行穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马 扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单 数，助动词用has。故填has walked。] 8.highest[考查形容词最高级。根据空前Africa's可知，表 示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。 故填highest。 9.from[考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的 西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句 意和Xi'an to Kashgar可知，表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用 介词from,固定搭配from.…to.…表示“从…到…”。 故填from。] l0,planning[考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词flew, 所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语 He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用动词ing形式，表主动。故 填planning。] 题组五 Cloze 1 语篇类型：记叙文主题：人与自我一生活与学习一一家 庭生活 文章大意：作者通过回忆童年时与母亲相处的温馨片段，刻 画了一位善于在日常生活中主动创造乐趣、传递快乐的母亲 形象，并由此引中出一种积极的生活哲学：快乐可以由我们 主动创造。 l.to finish[非谓语动词此处考查常用搭配wait for sb./ sth.to do sth.,意为“等待某人/某物做某事”。所以此处 需填不定式to finish。句意：几乎没有人会在等待微波炉 加热完成的过程中找到乐趣，但我妈妈却做到了。] 2.in[介词in one's arms为常用短语，意为“在某人的怀 抱中”。故填in。] 3.numbers[名词复数微波炉上闪烁的绿色数字是在倒 计时，结合常识可知倒计时的数字通常有多个，因此此处 应填复数形式numbers。句意：我最早的记忆之一就是被 她抱在怀里，一起数着（微波炉上）闪烁的绿色数字。」] 4.watching[非谓语动词该句逗号前为句子主千，谓语动 词是would dance,此处为非谓语；our eyes与watch之间是 逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词watching。] 知识拓展 独立主格结构 常见的独立主格结构的形式有： (1)名词/（主格）代词+现在分词 例句：There are two doors,one leading to the living room,the other leading to the kitchen.有两个门，一个通向客厅，另一个 通向厨房。 (2)名词/（主格）代词+过去分词 例句：The duty completed,he had three months'leave..任务完 成后，他休了3个月的假。 (3)名词/（主格）代词十形容词 例句：Hands red with the cold,they were making a snowman.. 他们做雪人时，手都冻红了。 (4)名词/（主格）代词十介词短语 例句：He stood at the door,his hands in his pockets.他站在 门旁，双手插进口袋里。 (5)名词/（主格）代词+副词 例句：Class over,all the students went out from the classroom.下课了，所有学生出了教室。 15 5.excitement[词形转换此处为独立主格结构，空处与后 面的名词tension并列作building的逻辑主语，因此需填名 词形式，故填excite的名词形式excitement。句意：她会抱 着我在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，好像那 是一枚太空火箭在倒计时，兴奋和紧张感不断累积，直到 最后那一刻：嘀！] 6.that/which[关系从句空后的“ always ended in laughter"”修饰先行词a scream,是一个关系从句。关系 词在从句中作主语，指物，故可用that或which。句意：微 波炉的提示音很响，但我们用自己的表演盖过了那个声音 一仰起头对着空气大喊，那声尖叫总是在笑声中结束。] 7.being pushed[非谓语动词和语态动词remember后接 doing表示“记得做过某事”；主语“I”与动词push之间是逻辑 上的动宾关系，故填动词-ing形式的被动式being pushed。] 8.the[冠词这里的“uneven car park ground”并非泛指， 而是特指前文提到的那个超市的停车场地面。故用定冠 词the。句意：我记得自己被放在超市手推车里，在凹凸不 平的停车场里被推着走，感觉就像在坐过山车。] 9,and[连词句子的主千是“She would speed up'”,其后的 “the wind blowing our hair back”与“my tiny voice singing out”是两个并列的独立主格结构，均在句中作伴随状语，故 需用表并列的连词and连接。句意：她会加快速度，风吹得 我们的头发向后扬起，我小小的声音唱着：“呜一鸣 l0.seemingly[词形转换空处修饰形容词uneventful,需 用副词，故填seemingly。句意：生活中充满了许多看似平 凡的瞬间，但我们可以把其中任何一个都变成一场 庆祝。」 Cloze 2 语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我一异国生活 中国浙江乡村生活经历和感受 文章大意：作者从美国克利夫兰移居中国浙江乡村，起初未 想过会感到舒适自在，却逐渐适应。她体验到阳光下晒衣的 “阳光香”，感慨乡村生活的美好。 l.where[定语从句根据语境可知，空处引导非限制性定 语从句，先行词是the countryside of Zhejiang,China,从句 成分完整，故用where,相当于in which。句意：但是现在， 我和我的中国文夫及他的家人住在中国浙江的乡下，那里 山上有野生竹子和茶树，鸡都是放养的，没有中央供暖。] 2.central[形容词分析句子结构可知，空处作定语，修饰 名词heating,应用形容词。central“中央的”，故填 central。 3,forL介词prepare sb.for sth.是固定用法，意为“使某人 为某事做好准备”，故填介词for。句意：在我之前的生活 里，没有什么能让我为这种生活做好准备 一可以肯定的 是，我第一次来这里的时候，我从没想过我会在这个地方 感到舒适。 4,andL连词分析句子成分可知，adapt和learn都是谓语 动词，两者为并列关系，应用连词and。句意：但是，你能如 何在新的环境中适应和学习这件事是令人惊奇的。] 5,myself[代词“find oneself-+分词”表示“发现自己处于 某种状态”，这里主语是I,应用反身代词myself。.句意：渐 渐地，我发现自己在这里感到无比自在。门 6.is[动词的时态和主谓一致本句的主语是sunshine scent,句中缺少谓语，根据句意和上文时态可知，此处描述 的是客观情况，应用一般现在时，故填s。句意：刚晒的衣 服的“阳光香味”就是其中之一。门 7.to discover非谓语动词the chance to do sth.是固定用 法，意为“做某事的机会”，应填to discover作后置定语。 句意：在我成长的过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣 绳来晾衣服，这让我失去了发现阳光的一大奇迹的机 会一把衣服晒一整天后，会有一种甜蜜的“阳光香味”。] 8.absence[名词此处为“the+名词+of..”结构，空处 应用所给词的名词形式，故填absence。句意：在我住的地 方，晒千的衣物散发着特别的香味，这要归功于没有雾霾 和大量蓝色天空的下午，还有大量的新鲜空气。] 9,afternoons[名词复数根据前文的“plenty of'”可知，这 里afternoon要用复数形式，应填afternoons。] 10.left[非谓语动词从句中已有谓语，所以空处应用非谓 语动词形式；a sheet or shirt与leave之间为逻辑上的动 宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填left。句意：如 果你从未体验过被太阳晒了一天的床单或衬衫散发出的 “阳光香味”，那么你可就错过了一种生活的奇迹。] Cloze 3 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了卡森借助传 统寓言的风格，但是却传递严肃的教育意义，教导人们承担 起拯救环境的责任。 1.to teach[此处不定式作目的状语，所以空处填to teach。 注意：后面的“or to pass”也是提示。句意：几千年来，人们 讲述寓言，目的是教训人或传递智慧。] 2.sixth[空前有定冠词the,空后是名词century,所以空处 填序数词sixth。语境：著名的伊索寓言可以追潮到公元前 6世纪。J 3.s[分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从 句缺少宾语，且先行词是前面的整个主句，此处表示“正 如”，所以空处填as。句意：然而，正如蕾切尔·卡森在《明 天的寓言》中所说的那样，这种寓言形式今天仍然有 价值。] 4.where[分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句， 先行词是表示地，点的名词，关系词在从句中作地，点状语， 故填where。语境：在美国的中心地带曾经有一个小镇，那 里所有的生命似乎都享受着与周围环境的和平共处。] 5.borrowingL分析句子结构可知，begins是句子的谓语动 词，空处为非谓语，与逻辑主语her fable之间是主谓关系， 所以空处填现在分词borrowing。语境：她的寓言这样开 始，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词语。] 6,intendedL分析句子结构可知，is是句子谓语动词，空处 为非谓语作后置定语。be intended for是固定用法，所以 空处填过去分词intended。句意：然而，在简单的风格背 后，却是一个为每个人提供的严肃信息。] 7.Different[be different from“与…不同”，是固定短语， 此处作状语，去掉b动词，且空处位于句首，单词首字母要 大写，故填Different。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事 以指控而非寓意结尾。 8.for[take responsibility for“对…负责”，是固定短语。 句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担 起拯救环境的责任。] 9.warning[分析句子结构可知，空前有冠词和形容词修饰， 故空处应填名词warning。句意：然而，卡森的主题是一个 更有分量的关于环境破坏的警告。] 10.be employed[分析句子结构可知，空处是谓语动词。主 语a simple literary form和动词employ“运用”之间是被 动关系，故用被动语态。空前是情态动词，故填be employed。句意：卡森证明了一种流传千古的简单的文学 形式今天仍然可以被用来引起人们对重要真理的注意。] Cloze 4 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了北京胡 同的有关情况。 1.and[语境为帝王规划了北京城并按照社会阶级安排了 人们的居住区域。根据语境可知，planned the city of Beijing和arranged the residential areas是并列关系，所以 空处填and。] 2.originally[mean在此处是动词，应用副词修饰，所以空处 填originally。] 3.surrounded[句中已有谓语动词was,故空处应为非谓语 动词；结合句意“在明朝，中心就是紫禁城，它被内城和外 城包围，形成同心圆的样貌”可知，surround与the Forbidden City构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以空处填 surrounded。] 4.were permitted「根据空前的“In the Ming Dynasty”可知， 此处描述的是过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时；较高 社会阶层的人“被允许”居住在离同心圆的中心即紫禁城 更近的地方，故用被动语态；主语Citizens是复数。所以空 处填were permitted.。] 5.featured分析句子结构可知，空处在此作谓语。联系上下 文可知，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以空处填featured。 6.spacious[空处修饰空后的名词homes,应用形容词，所以 空处填spacious。] 7,simpler[空处与空前的smaller相呼应，表示在设计和装 饰方面更简单，所以空处填simpler。] 8.as[根据句意可知，此处表示北京作为中国的首都，所以 空处填as。 9.events[此处表示几乎每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至 有些还和历史事件有关。event'“事件”，是可数名词，其前 无冠词修饰，且根据句意可知，历史事件肯定不止一件，所 以空处填events。 10.the ,[此处特指草根北京人的文化，所以空处填the。] 专题五 写作 考点十四 应用文写作 题组一 Writing 1 审题供会：量一贤布时的夫客 写作思路 谋 Para.1:引入话题，给出自己的排序 篇 布 Para.2:阐述这样排序的理由 、局 (Para.3:简单总结，强调平衡 【参考范文】 Ranking My College Life Essentials Among the three essential elements in the college life- studying,sleeping,and socializing,my order of priority( )is studying first,sleeping second,and socializing last. I place studying at the top because excellent academic performance serves as()a vital indicator of professional competence.Only by achieving good grades can we lay a solid foundation for(为…打下坚实基础）our future development.Sleeping comes right after studying.Sufficient rest,a fundamental guarantee of physical health,can help us learn more efficiently.Socializing,though ranking last,still plays an important role in the college life.Developing harmonious relationships(和谐的关系)contributes to our overall well-being,which benefits us physically, psychologically,and emotionally. All in all,by managing the three essentials wisely,we will live a colorful and balanced(平衡的)college life. Writing 2 时态：描述勾画涂改现象时以现在完戒时 为主；描述该现象的影响和呼吁爱护书 审题 籍时以一般现在时为主 作 人称：以第三人称为主，第一人称为辅 Para.l:开门见山描述现象 路 谋 Para.2:着重讲述该现象的不良影响，如影 布 响他人阅读体验、缩短书籍使用期限等 Para.3:发出呼吁并提出具体可行的建议， 如使用书签、不折页等