2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册语法 动词不定式动名词作宾语专题讲义

2026-07-24
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| 14页
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资源信息

学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语外研版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-单元练习
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 63 KB
发布时间 2026-07-24
更新时间 2026-07-24
作者 xkw_088535467
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2026-07-24
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/58952361.html
价格 1.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

该初中英语讲义通过核心概念填空、分类动词列表及语义对比表格系统构建动词不定式和动名词作宾语的知识体系,按“结构-分类-区别-应用”递进逻辑梳理基本结构、三类动词搭配、语义差异及特殊句型,突出重难点分布与内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计与方法指导创新,基础过关题巩固动词搭配,提升易错题聚焦stop/remember等语义辨析,培养语言能力与思维品质。口诀记忆法(如“决计计划想要学”)和形式宾语公式助力学生掌握策略,支持不同层次学生提升,为教师精准教学提供有效资源。

内容正文:

外研版八年级上册语法 动词不定式(to do)& 动名词(doing)作宾语专题讲义 (教师答案版) 学习目标 1. 掌握动词不定式 to do、动名词 doing 的基本结构与否定结构 2. 熟记初中三类必考搭配动词:只 to do / 只 doing / 两者均可 3. 精准区分易混动词语义差异(中考单选、改错、完形必考) 4. 掌握形式宾语、help 特殊省略 to 结构 5. 突破学生高频易错点 一、核心概念 1. 动词不定式 结构:to + 动词原形 否定结构:not to + 动词原形 特点:无人称、数的变化,不能作谓语,常表示:将来、目的、一次性具体动作。 2. 动名词 结构:动词 + ing 特点:相当于名词词性,常表示:习惯、爱好、重复性、已发生动作。 二、第一类:只能接 to do(必背清单) decide 决定做 plan 计划做 want 想要做 hope 希望做 learn 学习做 agree 同意做 refuse 拒绝做 choose 选择做 promise 承诺做 pretend 假装做 offer 主动提出做 expect 期待做 句型:主语 + 动词 + to do sth. 例句答案: 1. She decides to study harder. 2. I hope to visit the museum. 3. He refuses to help me. 三、第二类:只能接 doing(中考超级高频) finish 完成做 practise 练习做 enjoy 喜欢做 mind 介意做 suggest 建议做 imagine 想象做 can’t help 忍不住做 be busy 忙于做 spend time 花费时间做 句型:主语 + 动词 + doing sth. 例句答案: 1. I enjoy reading books. 2. He finishes doing homework. 3. Could you mind opening the window? 四、第三类:既可接 to do /doing(重难点) 1. 意义基本相同(无需区分) like / love / hate / prefer / start / begin 2. 意义完全不同(必考辨析) 1. stop to do:停下来去做另一件事(未做) stop doing:停止正在做的事(停止当前动作) 2. remember to do:记得要去做(未做) remember doing:记得做过某事(已做) 3. forget to do:忘记要做(未做) forget doing:忘记做过(已做) 4. try to do:努力、尽力做 try doing:尝试试一试(看效果) 五、特殊必考结构 1. 形式宾语 it 公式:主语 + find/think/feel + it + adj. + to do(真正宾语) 例句:I find it easy to learn English. 2. help 特殊用法 help do / to do(to 可省略) 六、核心区别总结(教师板书金句) 1. to do = 将来、目的、单次、没做 2. doing = 习惯、爱好、做完、正在做 七、分层习题 标准答案 + 易错解析 基础过关 1. to join 2. playing 3. cleaning 4. to try 5. talking 提升易错题(重点讲解语义) 1. to lock(临走前记得去锁门→未做) 2. locking(记得昨天锁过了→已完成) 3. smoking(停止抽烟,戒掉) 4. to drink(停下动作,去喝水) 拔高改错 1. swim → swimming (enjoy doing) 2. learning → to learn (hope to do) 3. study → to study (find it + adj. + to do) 八、课堂终极背诵总结(学生必默写) 1. 计划、决定、希望、拒绝、同意 → to do 2. 完成、练习、享受、介意、建议、忙于 → doing 3. stop/remember/forget/try → 两种形式含义不同 4. find it + adj. + to do(万能写作句型) 教师授课备注 1. 本单元语法是八上最难、中考最高频非谓语考点 2. 学生最大丢分点:remember/forget/try 语义混淆 3. 改错题型必考:enjoy doing /hope to do 固定搭配 4. 形式宾语句型可直接用于单元作文提分 九、综合训练 一、基础 20 题 标准答案 1. to visit(want to do) 2. listening(enjoy doing) 3. doing(finish doing) 4. to stay(decide to do) 5. cooking(practise doing) 6. opening(mind doing) 7. to be(hope to do) 8. to travel(plan to do) 9. to apologize(refuse to do) 10. walking(suggest doing) 11. laughing(can’t help doing 忍不住) 12. preparing(be busy doing) 13. to help(agree to do) 14. swimming /to swim(prefer 均可) 15. talking(stop doing 停止正在做) 16. to bring(remember to do 未做) 17. seeing(remember doing 已做过) 18. to study(try to do 努力) 19. using(try doing 尝试试试) 20. to learn(find it + adj. + to do) 二、中考易错 20 题 重点解析(必考区分点) 21. to lock(门现在开着→没锁→forget to do) 22. telling(昨天说过了→做过→forget doing) 23. smoking(戒烟→停止当前动作→stop doing) 24. to buy(停下走路→去买水→stop to do) 25. to call(到了再打→未做) 26. meeting(七年级见过→已发生) 27. not to make(不定式否定:not to do) 28. reading(试着大声读→尝试方法) 29. getting(mind doing) 30. to cry(pretend to do) 31. to finish(promise to do) 32. living(imagine doing) 33. reading(spend time doing) 34. to run /running(start 两者均可) 35. dancing / to dance 36. lying / to lie 37. to be(expect sb. to do) 38. to carry(offer to do) 39. to stay(choose to do) 40. to learn(固定句型 It’s + adj. + to do) 三、改错 10 题 标准答案 + 考点 41. swim → swimming (enjoy doing) 42. learning → to learn (hope to do) 43. to do → doing (finish doing) 44. open → opening (mind doing) 45. smoke → smoking (stop doing 戒掉) 46. locking → to lock (记得要去做) 47. study → to study (find it + adj. + to do) 48. staying → to stay (decide to do) 49. to go → going (suggest doing) 50. to laugh → laughing (can’t help doing) 四、翻译 10 题 满分标准答案 51. I hope to travel around the world in the future. 52. He likes playing basketball after school. 53. Remember to bring your textbook tomorrow. 54. I find it interesting to learn English. 55. He refuses to help me. 56. Would you mind closing the window? 57. She starts reading books after finishing her homework. 58. I remember seeing him before. 59. He stopped to have a rest. 60. Try practising more, and you will make progress. 教师总结必讲易错四大坑 1. 未发生→to do / 已发生→doing remember /forget 必考! 2. 停止当前 doing / 停下转行 to do stop 全班最容易错 3. 只能 doing:finish /enjoy/mind /suggest/practise 4. 只能 to do:hope /decide/plan /refuse/agree /promise 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 外研版八年级上册语法 动词不定式(to do)& 动名词(doing)作宾语专题讲义 学习目标 1. 掌握动词不定式 __________、动名词 __________ 的基本结构与否定结构 2. 熟记只接 to do、只接 doing、既可接 to do 也可接 doing的三类必考动词 3. 掌握 to do 和 doing 语义区别(将来 / 具体 vs 习惯 / 已发生) 4. 掌握高频易错固定搭配、形式宾语结构 5. 熟练完成分层习题,突破中考易错题 一、核心概念填空 1. 动词不定式 结构:__________ 否定结构:__________ 特点:无人称、数的变化,不能作谓语,常表示:__________、__________、一次性具体动作。 2. 动名词 结构:__________ 特点:动词 + ing,相当于__________词性,常表示:__________、__________、抽象爱好动作。 二、第一类:只能接 不定式 to do 作宾语(必背) 口诀:决计计划想要学,同意拒绝选希望 只能接 to do 的动词: decide __________、plan __________、want __________、hope __________ learn __________、agree __________、refuse __________、choose __________ promise __________、pretend __________、offer __________、expect __________ 句型公式:主语 + 动词 + __________ (do sth.) 例句填空: 1. She decides __________ (study) harder. 2. I hope __________ (visit) the museum. 3. He refuses __________ (help) me. 三、第二类:只能接 动名词 doing 作宾语(中考最高频) 口诀:完成练习忍不住,喜欢介意建议想象,忙于花费 只能接 doing 的动词 / 短语: finish __________、practise __________、enjoy __________、mind __________ suggest __________、imagine __________、can’t help __________ be busy __________、spend time __________ 句型公式:主语 + 动词 + __________ (doing sth.) 例句填空: 1. I enjoy __________ (read) books. 2. He finishes __________ (do) homework. 3. Could you mind __________ (open) the window? 四、第三类:既可接 to do 也可接 doing(重难点、易错题) 1. 含义基本相同(无差别) like /love/hate /prefer/begin /start 既可以 __________ 也可以 __________ 2. 含义完全不同(考试必考辨析) (1) stop stop to do:__________ stop doing:__________ (2) remember remember to do:__________ remember doing:__________ (3) forget forget to do:__________ forget doing:__________ (4) try try to do:__________ try doing:__________ 五、重点特殊结构(课本单元必考) 1. 形式宾语 it 结构 公式:主语 + find/think/feel + __________ + adj. + __________ (真正宾语) 例句:I find it easy __________ (learn) English. 2. help 特殊用法 help __________ / __________ (to 可省) 六、to do 和 doing 核心区别(背诵填空) 1. to do:侧重______ 、______、未发生、单次动作 2. doing:侧重______ 、已发生、习惯爱好 七、分层专项练习题(含高频易错题) 【基础过关】用所给动词适当形式填空 1. She wants __________ (join) the club. 2. They enjoy __________ (play) basketball. 3. I finish __________ (clean) my room. 4. He decides __________ (try) his best. 5. Could you please stop __________ (talk)? 【提升易错题】辨析 to do /doing 1. Remember __________ (lock) the door before you leave.(未做) 2. I remember __________ (lock) the door yesterday.(已做) 3. He stopped __________ (smoke). 他停止抽烟(不抽了) 4. He stopped __________ (drink) water. 他停下来去喝水 【拔高句型转换 / 改错】 1. He enjoys swim in summer.(改错)__________ 2. I hope learning English well.(改错)__________ 3. She finds it easy study math.(改错)__________ 八、单元核心总结 1. 表将来、计划、意愿用 __________ 2. 表习惯、爱好、完成、正在用 __________ 3. stop/remember/forget/try 接两种形式__________(意义相同 / 不同) 4. 形式宾语固定句型:sb. find it + adj. + __________ 九、综合训练(共60分): 一、基础过关 20 题(单句填空・必拿分) 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. I look forward to __________ (visit) the museum this weekend. 2. She enjoys __________ (listen) to English songs. 3. Please finish __________ (do) your homework first. 4. They decide __________ (stay) at home today. 5. My mother practises __________ (cook) every day. 6. Do you mind __________ (open) the window? 7. He hopes __________ (be) an engineer in the future. 8. We plan __________ (travel) during the holiday. 9. The boy refuses __________ (apologize). 10. She suggests __________ (walk) to school. 11. I can’t help __________ (laugh) when I watch the show. 12. He is busy __________ (prepare) for the exam. 13. They agree __________ (help) each other. 14. I prefer __________ (swim) in summer. 15. Stop __________ (talk). The teacher is coming. 16. Remember __________ (bring) your notebook tomorrow. 17. I remember __________ (see) this film before. 18. He tries __________ (study) harder every day. 19. Try __________ (use) another way, and you will succeed. 20. I find it easy __________ (learn) English well. 二、中考高频易错题 20 题(最容易扣分!) 21. He forgot __________ (lock) the door. The door is open now. 22. I forgot __________ (tell) him the news. I told him yesterday. 23. Please stop __________ (smoke). It’s bad for your health. 24. He stopped __________ (buy) some water on his way home. 25. Remember __________ (call) me when you arrive. 26. I still remember __________ (meet) you in Grade 7. 27. She tries __________ (not make) mistakes in the exam. 28. Try __________ (read) loudly. It may help you remember faster. 29. My dad doesn’t mind __________ (get) up early. 30. The little girl pretends __________ (cry). 31. He promises __________ (finish) the work on time. 32. Imagine __________ (live) on a quiet island. 33. I spend one hour __________ (read) every day. 34. They start __________ (run) after dinner. 35. She loves __________ (dance) very much. 36. He hates __________ (lie) to others. 37. The teacher expects us __________ (be) careful. 38. He offers __________ (carry) the heavy bag for me. 39. We choose __________ (stay) here tonight. 40. It is important __________ (learn) teamwork. 三、改错专项 10 题(考试必考题型) 找出错误并改正 41. He enjoys swim in the river in summer. __________ 42. I hope learning English better. __________ 43. She finished to do her homework just now. __________ 44. Would you mind open the door? __________ 45. He stopped smoke last year. __________ 46. Remember locking the door before you leave. __________ 47. I find it easy study math. __________ 48. They decide staying at home. __________ 49. She suggests to go there on foot. __________ 50. He can’t help to laugh. __________ 四、拔高翻译 10 题(单元作文满分句型) 51. 我希望将来环游世界。 52. 他喜欢放学后打篮球。 53. 请记得明天带你的课本。 54. 我发现学英语很有趣。 55. 他拒绝帮助我。 56. 你介意关上窗户吗? 57. 她完成作业后开始读书。 58. 我记得曾经见过他。 59. 他停下来休息一会儿。 60. 尝试多练习,你会进步。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册语法 动词不定式动名词作宾语专题讲义
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2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册语法 动词不定式动名词作宾语专题讲义
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2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册语法 动词不定式动名词作宾语专题讲义
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