专题十六 说明文-【冲刺2027】2026年中考英语真题汇编

**基本信息** 聚焦说明文专题，整合烟台、河南等多地中考模拟题，涵盖火星探索、长城文化等科技与人文情境，适配中考复习的语言能力与思维品质培养需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----------|----------| |阅读理解|1小题|说明文细节理解、主旨归纳|以书籍推荐为情境，考查信息比对与推理能力| |短文还原|7小题|篇章结构、逻辑衔接|涉及眉毛功能、春季大扫除等生活化主题，注重语篇连贯训练| |任务型阅读|2小题|信息提取、概括表达|如颜色词起源分析，融合文化知识与语言应用| |语法填空/短文填空|4小题|语法规则、词汇运用|结合流沙、原子钟等科技素材，考查语境中语法与词汇掌握|

专题十六 说明文 一．阅读理解（共1小题） 1．（2026•烟台） 阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择一个最佳选项。 Welcome to our Book Review!Here，we introduce interesting stories and great characters.You can easily tell whether a book is worth reading. This book，which is set in a special hospital，tells four warm stories.Four people with different emotional （情感的）troubles are given some magical cats.These cats help them get out of pain，fix relationships and find hope again in life. This book collects many funny and warm stories of the writer.She lives in Italy and runs a life skills center.She shares local life，pleasant trips，delicious food and relaxing experiences to help readers get away from stress. The story centers on Emma，who loves writing and gets ideas from her grandma's old house.A publisher finds a secret from Emma's grandma and wants to destroy （毁坏） her parents' publishing business.Emma tries her best to fight against the publisher and protect her family and her writing dream. This is an exciting mystery story，An old lady named Mimi is forced into a charity auction （拍卖）.She has to ask her granddaughter Addie for help.A storm blocks everyone in the building，where someone is killed.The two learn up to uncover the truth and avoid danger. （1）Which word can best describe the cats in We'll Prescribe You Another Cat？ 　 　 A.Funny. B.Scary. C.Helpful. D.Emotional. （2）What do The Page Turner and This Is Not A Game have in common？ 　 　 A.Both of the books center on family life. B.Both of the books write about charity stories. C.Both write about terrible weather and its harm. D.Both have grandma and granddaughter characters. （3）Which book tells the writer's own stories？ 　 　 A.We'll Prescribe You Another Cat B.Laugh More C.The Page Turner D.This Is Not A Game 二．短文还原（共7小题） 2．（2026•绥化）根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个多余选项。 Straight or arched，thick or thin﹣eyebrows（眉毛） come in many shapes and sizes.But what are eyebrows even for？They don't keep us warm like our hair，or help us breathe like our noses.So why do we have them？（1）　 　 Early humans had large brow ridges（眉骨）.（2）　 　 Later，as the human face became smaller and flatter，our eyebrows helped us to express different feelings，as well as better understand others' feelings.For example，a quick flash of the eyebrows.This is a sign that someone is willing to communicate with others，while pulling our eyebrows up in the middle is an expression of sympathy （同情）.（3）　 　 just draw a simple face on a piece of paper and draw a line above the eyes.You can draw lines in different shapes and directions.You will find that it is very easy to show anger，fear or surprise on a face. But this is not the only purpose of our eyebrows.（4）　 　 Their arched shape can help to move rain or sweat around to the sides of our faces，keeping our eyes dry.Together with our eyelashes（眼睫毛），eyebrows can also help to keep dust and other things out of our eyes. （5）　 　 In that case，some scientists believe that we would have developed some other facial feature to perform the same role.That could make us look quite different. A.They can also protect our eyes. B.What if we didn't have eyebrows？ C.This helped them show their power. D.If you still find this hard to understand， E.Let's take rolling one's eyes as an example. F.So far，no scientific research has found out the reason. G.Scientists believe eyebrows helped us communicate better when we were still developing. 3．（2026•河南）根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 Have you ever heard of the word "spring﹣cleaning"？Humans have been doing this for quite a long time to welcome brighter days with fresh beginnings. （1）　 　 Humans are part of nature.When trees grow new leaves and birds build their nests in spring，people feel it is a good time to say goodbye to unwanted things and freshen up their rooms. Spring﹣cleaning is good for you in lots of ways.When spring arrives，you naturally have more energy.Like any exercise，tidying gets you moving and improves your mood （心情）. （2）　 　 Also，cleaning as a family brings everyone closer because you're working together.When your room is clean，you feel proud of yourself and look forward to having fun in it. （3）　 　 Start by clearing one place at a time，like a table，drawer or corner of a room.Put everything into a group，then sort （将……分类） them into smaller groups of things you want to keep，sell，donate （捐赠） or throw away.The best way to tidy up is to make it fun.You can turn it into a game by setting a timer and seeing how many things you can put away before it runs out. （4）　 　 People around the world do spring﹣cleaning.During the Songkran Festival in Thailand，people clean their homes and splash water in the streets to wash away bad luck. （5）　 　 It is believed that "sweeping the dust （灰尘）" makes way for good luck. 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 A．But how can you do some spring﹣cleaning？ B．Putting some music on while cleaning is a way，too. C．Why do people give everything a good clean in spring？ D．Chinese New Year starts with a spring﹣cleaning day called Sao Chen. E．Throwing away old things can clear your mind and help you to relax. 4．（2026•福建）根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 A white cane （手杖） is a tool that helps blind people walk safely on their own.It did not become widely used until the 1920s.In 1921，an Englishman painted his cane white so that drivers would see him easily. （1）　 　 Today，white canes continue to provide blind people with a safer way to live their lives.What can we do if we meet someone with a white cane？ （2）　 　 The first rule is to be respectful.Many white cane users can move around by themselves and may not need help. （3）　 　 If they accept your help，follow what they say carefully instead of guessing what they need.Usually，it is best to offer your arms for them to hold onto instead of pulling their arms. （4）　 　 The cane is an important tool for safety.Taking it away can cause confusion （混乱）.Even if the cane is put down，don't move it without permission （许可）.Its user needs to know exactly where it is to find it again. It is wonderful that people are willing to help white cane users.（5）　 　 Take a moment to learn how to treat them with respect.We can create a world where they can walk safely and proudly. A.Here are some rules to follow. B.However，not everyone knows how to do so properly. C.So，always ask if they need help before giving them a hand. D.Another rule is never to touch a white cane while it is in use. E.His idea spread and led to similar products in other countries. 5．（2026•苏州）根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 We use language for all kinds of reasons，but the major one is to talk to each other.We use it to have a chat，play a game，tell jokes，ask for help，and do a thousand other things. （1）　 　 The everyday use of language is to have conversations with each other. Having a conversation seems like the most natural thing in the world.We don't think twice about it now.But it wasn't always that way.We had to learn how to do it. （2）　 　 What's the most basic rule of having a successful conversation？We take turns.I speak and then you do and then I do and then you do. （3）　 　 In an argument，we do sometimes hear a lot of people speaking together.But once the argument ends，everyone takes turns again. This is especially important if there are several people taking part in a conversation.Imagine：you're in the street talking to three other people about the latest film Dear You.（4）　 　 If it's going to be a successful conversation，then all four of you need to get the chance to have your say.If that happens，everyone's happy.If that doesn't happen，you can end up feeling quite mad. （5）　 　 We have to learn how to do it.And babies start that learning process（过程）very early on，during the first year of life.They hear their mother talking….they coo or babble…the mother replies…they coo or babble again…the mother replies again.Listen﹣speak﹣listen﹣speak﹣listen.That's the key of any conversation.We have to learn to be listeners as well as speakers. A.We had to learn rules. B.We don't speak at the same time. C.Some people are always cutting in. D.Turn﹣taking doesn't come naturally. E.Everyone has got something to say about it. F.None of these could happen without language. G.We have learned all the sounds in our language. 6．（2026•泸州）根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 Have you ever felt bored or down in your life？Keeping yourself positive is about having a feeling of happiness and life satisfaction.It is also linked to health. （1）　 　 ●Love and accept yourself. （2）　 　 You should not care too much about changing yourself.Use active self﹣talk by thinking or telling yourself things like，"I love who I am.I accept everything about myself right now.How I am right at this moment is completely fine." ●Think from the brighter side. Your own thoughts will greatly influence how you feel.Many people think they don't achieve what they want.If you are part of them，it's hard for you to feel satisfied.Positive people don't look for other materials or experiences to keep happy. （3）　 　 ●Do activities that lift your spirits. Being active is connected with happiness levels. （4）　 　 Some examples are watching TV，painting and listening to music.Doing exercise like swimming and hiking also helps.Do whatever that can help you. ●（5）　 　 Do not depend on others to tell you what you want.Hold true to your own beliefs.If you want to be a driver，start to study traffic rules.If you dream of becoming a writer，begin to write daily.Every step towards your dream is a success﹣even the smallest one. A.Be independent. B.Set your own goals. C.Focus on what you are now. D.Join in relaxing activities in your free time. E.So，pay close attention to good parts of your life. F.You can learn to keep yourself positive in many ways. 7．（2026•烟台）根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 Jennifer Heldmann is a planetary scientist.Her team at NASA is looking for water on the moon and Mars（火星），which will help decide if astronauts can live in these places. When Jennifer was 10 years old，she saw the movie Space Camp.（1）　 　 She loved the movie and became interested in space science.When she was at college，she learned that there was no water on the moon.Later，she and her team started sending research tasks there.The information they got told them，"Hey，maybe there is water on the moon!" （2）　 　 They love to discover something new. When their team learned that there was some form of water on Mars，they began to wonder：Is there anything living in the water？ （3）　 　 They also do research in Iceland and Antarctica，through which they learn how ice and water work in cold environments.（4）　 　 They can know how water behaves on the moon and Mars because they understand how it behaves on Earth. In Jennifer's opinion，kids are the future of space exploration.They are going to be the scientists and astronauts who'll discover space mysteries.（5）　 　 Having a face﹣to﹣face communication with scientists is also a good idea. A.Could there be life on a planet besides Earth？ B.That is really exciting news for the researchers. C.Then they can research other planets with that knowledge. D.There must be water on many other planets，including Mars. E.It is about a group of kids at a space camp who were sent to space. E.It is suggested that kids who are interested in space read more books. 8．（2026•成都） 根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 How old is"old"？The United Nations describes any person over the age of 60 as old. （1）　 　 In many cultures，people in their fifties or sixties may already be seen as elderly，while in others，old age begins much later.Elderly people are treated differently in different countries. In countries such as the US and the UK，most old people prefer to live independently. （2）　 　 Governments provide health care and community services to support the elderly.While they are respected，modern western culture stresses the importance of youth. （3）　 　 Old age is often connected with a person becoming less active or less independent.In addition，some people are afraid of growing old.They fear that they will be lonely and bored. （4）　 　 In Korea，for example，the 60th and 70th birthdays are two of the most important.These birthdays are the cause for family celebration.In India the elderly are respected for their wisdom.Respecting the elderly is a deep﹣rooted tradition in Chinese culture.Special festivals like the Double Ninth Festival remind people to honor them. Although there are differences，treating the elderly with kindness，respect and care is a common value. （5）　 　 Helping elderly people live healthily and happily becomes even more important. A.The world's population is growing old. B.In other countries old age is celebrated. C.They value their freedom and personal space. D.Growing old is not regarded as a positive life event. E.The elderly teach the young their duties and manners. F.Around the world there is no single universal standard. 三．任务型阅读（共2小题） 9．（2026•吉林）根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 The origins （起源）of most English color words came from Proto﹣Indo﹣European（PIE）（原始印欧语系的） languages and appeared in a specific（特定的）order with special meanings. （1）　 　 Black and white came out first.Ancient languages only divided the colors into dark and light.Black and white were the first color words，standing for（代表）night and day. （2）　 　 The next color was red.It was a symbol of strength and energy，connected with power and courage.In many countries，red was the color of army uniforms（制服）in history. （3）　 　 Yellow，which came then，goes back to a PIE root（词根）that means"shine bright".Yellow stands for brightness and life.It also has a close relationship to warmth. （4）　 　 Green was after yellow.Green was from a PIE root that means"grow".In nearly every language and culture，green is connected with growth and nature. （5）　 　 One of the last main colors was blue.Before blue became a known color，people usually used"sky"and"sea"to describe blue things. Whatever names we call them，colors bring us a sense of beauty.And they make the world meaningful and colorful. （a）根据短文内容，从方框中选出每种颜色代表的意义，其中有一个选项是多余的。 A.Sky and sea. B.Night and day. C.Snow and rain. D.Growth and nature. E.Power and courage. F.Brightness and life. （b）根据短文内容，补全下面方框中的句子，每空一词。 It's a colorful world The origins of most English color words came from Proto﹣Indo﹣European languages.Black and white came out （6）　 　 .The next color was red.In history，people used it as the color of （7）　 　 uniforms.The color yellow means"（8）　 　 bright"，which has to do with brightness and life.Green came （9）　 　 yellow，connected with growth and nature/ Blue was one of the last （10）　 　 color words.Whatever names we call them，colors bring us a sense of beauty.And they make the world meaningful and colorful. 10．（2026•苏州）根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 Sometimes，students may have back or neck pain after class.Their pain might be a result of chairs too low for their height.When they sit uncomfortably for too long，they may get tired during classes.And this makes it difficult for them to take an active part in learning activities. One way to solve this problem is to adjust（调节） the height of their chairs.Adjustable chairs are designed to help students sit straight with their feet flat（平放的） on the floor and their knees at a 90﹣degree angle（角）.Each student can choose their own chair height to fit their body and desk height.Proper chair height can help students reduce pain on the neck，shoulders，and lower back. Students spend hours sitting on their chairs every day.The chair becomes a silent partner in their development.The right chair allows students to focus better.But some students prefer to sit at a lower height than normal.This is not good for their health as well as their study.They need to know that a balanced sitting position can make a big difference. （1）What may happen if students sit uncomfortably for too long？ 　 　 （2）How can students reduce back or neck pain according to the passage？List two ways. 　 　 （3）What else can be a"silent partner"in your life？How does it make a difference to you？ 　 　 四．选词填空（共2小题） 11．（2026•黑龙江）每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有一个词为多余项。 environment But growth true temperature to colder build Some scientists think that Mars might be the next place for humans to live.This idea will come （1）　 　 some day.To live on Mars，humans need water，food，a place to live，and a warm （2）　 　 with enough oxygen（氧气）.（3）　 　 Mars is not Earth.We have to change the environment on Mars so that it is similar （4） 　 Earth's.One of the main goals is to warm it up because the average （5）　 　 there is about ﹣60℃.One idea to make Mars warm is to （6）　 　 factories that produce greenhouse gases there.This could lead to rain and the （7）　 　 of plants.And it could bring us one step closer to our dream of living on Mars. 12．（2026•）（每词或词组限用一次。） small be make although such as Do you know that scientists can put time into a small chip（芯片）？Recently，Chinese scientists have made the world's smallest atomic（原子能的） clock.It （1）　 　 so small that it looks just as big as a coin. （2）　 　 the clock is small，it can tell time clearly and correctly.Over more than 30，000 years，its error is still less than one second!Earlier，similar clocks from other countries were 17 cm2.But the new clock from Wuhan University is only 2.3 cm3，much（3）　 　 . It looks tiny，but it is very useful.It can be helpful in modern science and technology， （4）　 　 man﹣made satellites in space，drone groups in the sky and underwater machines in the sea. China has made great progress in ultra﹣precise（超高精度的）timing technology.Now scientists can（5）　 　 this kind of clock in large numbers.It will also be used in other high﹣tech fields in the future. 五．短文填空（共2小题） 13．（2026•天津）根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 Why Do Older People Get Shorter？ You're now growing taller each year.But did you know most people start to get （1）s 　 　 little by little after 30？When you are 80，you would be 5～6 cm shorter. Here comes an interesting question. （2）W 　 　 gets shorter so much in your body？Go on reading and you can （3）f 　 　 out the fact.It is your back（脊柱） that keeps you upright（直立的）.There are 33 little bones（骨头）.Between most of these bones are soft discs（椎间盘）. The middle of these soft discs are like jelly（果冻），and are mainly made of water.As you get older，these discs lose water slowly.They （4）b 　 　 a little thinner.There are usually 23 discs，and they are as high as 1/4 of your back.As a result，when （5）e 　 　 of them gets shorter a little bit，you get shorter. Older people's muscles（肌肉） （6）a 　 　 get smaller and weaker，their bones get thinner and the spaces between the bones get smaller.Together，this can change your （7）h 　 　 . There's another（8）f 　 　 that you may not realise.Even when you are （9）y 　 　 ，you get shorter over the day.You are actually tallest when you （10）w 　 　 up in the morning.You lose up to 2.5 cm in less than 3 hours after getting out of bed. So，if you really want to be the tallest you can be，try to measure（测量） how tall you are just after you get out of bed in the morning. 14．（2026•扬州）在标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world.No discussion about Chinese culture is complete without （1）m 　 　 of it.The wall was first built more than 2，000 years ago.It runs for over 6，000 kilometres from Jiayu Pass in the western desert to Shanhai Pass on the （2）e 　 　 seashore. Why did the Chinese build the Great Wall？It was built with people's strong wishes for （3）p　 　 .The Chinese knew that piling up stones was （4）b 　 　 than throwing them to hurt or kill.People would then rather take on the challenge to build the Great Wall.Only a nation who loves peace and hates （5）w 　 　 could have spent so much manpower and materials on building the Great Wall. There were no modern machines to carry building materials back then!The （6） d 　 　 in building the Great Wall goes beyond our imagination.Over the 2，000 years，more than 100 million people had to leave their homes to build this wonder of the world，many even losing their lives. （7）O 　 　 the centuries，the Great Wall has become a symbol of unity and strength for the Chinese people.It reminds us what humans can （8）a 　 　 through collective effort，even under challenging conditions.Just as a Chinese saying goes，"Efforts joined by many can build the Great Wall." Today，the Great Wall is（9）v　 　 by millions of tourists each year.People from around the world come to witness its greatness and beauty.It's more of a symbol of connection between China and the world，past and present.No trip to China is（10）c 　 without a visit to the Great Wall.If you ever get a chance，come and see it! 六．语法填空（共2小题） 15．（2026•武汉）根据所给材料，完成下列各题。 The word quicksand（流沙）makes some people shake with fear.This is probably because of the way many movies show it.In those（1）　 　 （film），quicksand often suck（吸）people and animals to their deaths! Real quicksand is not the same（2）　 　 movie quicksand.It usually doesn't hurt people or animals.It forms（3）　 　 （natural）.It's often just sand with a lot of water.This（4）　 　 （make）the sand soupy and runny.When the wet sand can no longer support weight，it is called"quick". In fact，（5）　 　 （find）quicksand is not very hard.A beach is a good place to see how water affects（影响）sand.In the area where sea water runs onto the land，the sand changes.Here，water sinks into（渗入）the sand，making the sand wet（6）　 　 soft.For a few seconds，the surface like quicksand. Sand is not（7）　 　 only thing that can become"quick".Dirt，pebbles，and gravel（碎石）can also become quicksand under the right conditions.This means that quicksand forms when water mixes with one of（8）　 　 （this）materials in just the right way. Quicksand is usually（9）　 　 （see）in wetlands，or watery places.It's almost never seen in deserts though there is a lot of sand.Think about movie quicksand again.Though quicksand is not so scary as the movies show，you should still be（10）　 　 （care）when you meet it. 16．（2026•眉山） In March，40 participants（参与者） from the United States and China joined an exchange program in Guangyuan，Sichuan Province.The event followed the footsteps of Hope Justman，a US writer.Since 2001，she（1）　 　 （walk） the ancient shudao 25 times. Shudao，or the ancient road to Shuu（Sichuan's former name），is not just one road.It is（2）　 　 （actual） a network of roads that covers more than 1，000 kilometers and connects the Sichuan Basin to the Central Plains.Shudao（3）　 　 （build） over 2，300 years ago.It played an important role（4）　 　 providing transportation lines in ancient China. Many Chinese know shudao from the works of Li Bai，a poet in Tang Dynasty.He once wrote："the road to Shu（Shudao） is（5）　 　 （hard） than climbing to the blue heavens".For many of the American participants，the journey was not only a hike but also（6）　 　 experience of Chinese culture. Qiu Tingting，a Chinese translator，says that Justman wrote the book （7）　 　 （share） her hiking experiences.But after her book got attention on social media，more Western（8）　 　 （traveler） began walking the ancient road each year."This reminds （9）　 　 （we） that the best cross﹣cultural communication is often not a one﹣way broadcast.It is an open gateway that allows people to experience it with their own steps （10）　 　 discover it with their own eyes，"Qiu says. 七．短文改错（共1小题） 17．（2026•广安）下面短文中的画线部分是错误的，请改正，但不得改变原文意思。 In the great outdoors，there are some sounds of nature.Have you ever try listening to them？The quacking of ducks，the croaking （1）　 　 of frogs and a calling of birds can create pictures in our minds. （2）　 　 Don't you think they can true touch our hearts？Many of us might （3）　 　 not live near these animals，but them sounds stay in our memories. （4）　 　 The sounds of nature are everywhere if we take the time listening. （5）　 　 They are not just made of animals or birds.Some people may like （6）　 　 to hear the wind blowing through tree.Others may enjoy the sound （7）　 　 of a stream run over rocks. （8）　 Listening to nature are great for us.It helps our minds relax and （9）　 　 can slow down our heart rate.To fully enjoy the sounds of nature， why not go outside，sit in silent and listen carefully？By doing so，we （10）　 　 can enjoy the beautiful music of nature. 八．完成句子（共1小题） 18．（2026•重庆）阅读短文，根据方框中的内容和各小题的提示，完成句子。1﹣4小题，每空一词，含缩略词。 ＞ It has a long history. ＞ Common people could afford them at that time. ＞ Chinese painting is famous for flower﹣and﹣bird painting. ＞它如此美丽以至于很多人都喜欢。 ＞ more popular，it，in the future，will become Chinese painting is also called danqing.（1）　 　 it 　 　 a long history？（一般疑问句）Yes.The artists painted it on silk or cloth in the past.These materials were expensive.Common people （2）　 　 　 　 them at that time.（否定句） （3）　 　 　 　 Chinese painting famous for？（对划线部分提问） Flower﹣and﹣bird painting.It is（4）　 　 beautiful 　 　 many people like it.（完成译句） Now，many young children are learning Chinese painting.（5）　 　 .（连词成句） 参考答案 一．阅读理解 1．【答案】CDB 【解析】（1）根据"We'll Prescribe You Another Cat"的介绍中提到These cats help them get out of pain，fix relationships and find hope again in life.（这些猫帮助他们摆脱痛苦，修复人际关系，并重新在人生中找到希望。）即这些猫帮助有情绪问题的人走出痛苦、修复关系、重新找到生活希望，说明猫是"有帮助的"。故选C。 （2）根据"The Page Turner"的介绍中提到The story centers on Emma，who loves writing and gets ideas from her grandma's old house.A publisher finds a secret from Emma's grandma and wants to destroy （毁坏） her parents' publishing business.（故事围绕艾玛展开，她热爱写作，常常从祖母的旧房中获得灵感。一位出版商发现了艾玛祖母的秘密，并企图摧毁她父母的出版事业。）并且"This Is Not A Game"的介绍中提到This is an exciting mystery story，An old lady named Mimi is forced into a charity auction （拍卖）.She has to ask her granddaughter Addie for help.（这是一个令人兴奋的悬疑故事。一位名叫米米的老太太被迫参加一场慈善拍卖会，她不得不向孙女艾迪求助。）这表明两本书都有祖母和孙女的角色，这是共同点。故选D。 （3）根据"Laugh More"的介绍中明确指出This book collects many funny and warm stories of the writer.（这本书收录了作者许多有趣而温暖的故事。）即这本书收集了作者本人的很多有趣温暖的生活故事，是作者自己的故事。故选B。 二．短文还原 2．【答案】GCDAB 【解析】（1）根据上文But what are eyebrows even for？（但是眉毛到底有什么用呢？）可知此句提到了眉毛的作用，故"科学家认为，当我们还在发育的时候，眉毛有助于我们更好地交流"符合语境，故选G。 （2）根据上文Early humans had large brow ridges（眉骨）.（早期人类有很大的眉骨。）可知此句提到了眉骨，故''这有助于他们展示自己的力量''符合语境，故选C。 （3）根据上文Later，as the human face became smaller and flatter，our eyebrows helped us to express different feelings，as well as better understand others' feelings.（后来，随着人类的脸变得更小更扁平，我们的眉毛帮助我们表达不同的感受，以及更好地理解他人的感受。）可知此句提到了眉毛可以帮助我们表达不同的感受，故''如果你仍然觉得这很难理解''符合语境，故选D。 （4）根据下文Their arched shape can help to move rain or sweat around to the sides of our faces，keeping our eyes dry.（它们的拱形有助于将雨水或汗水排到脸的两侧，保持眼睛干爽。）可知此句提到了眉毛的作用，故''它们也可以保护我们的眼睛''符合语境，故选A。 （5）根据下文In that case，some scientists believe that we would have developed some other facial feature to perform the same role.（在那种情况下，一些科学家认为我们会发展出一些其他的面部特征来扮演同样的角色。）可知此句提到了没有眉毛情况下发生的事情，故''如果我们没有眉毛呢？''符合语境，故选B。 3．【答案】CEABD 【解析】（1）根据第一段结尾提到人类做春季大扫除是为了迎接光明和新的开始。第二段解释了人们为什么要在春天打扫——因为受到自然更迭的启发，C项"Why do people give everything a good clean in spring？"（为什么人们在春天把一切都打扫干净？）以问句引出春季大扫除的原因，衔接后文的自然节律解释，故选C。 （2）根据前文提到了"增加能量"、"改善心情"，后文提到了"家庭团结"和"感到自豪"，E项"Throwing away old things can clear your mind and help you to relax."（扔掉旧东西可以让你头脑清醒，帮助你放松。）补充春季大扫除对心理的益处，呼应前文的"改善心情"，故选E。 （3）根据后文详细描述了"从一个地方开始"、"分组"、"分类"、"计时游戏"等具体操作步骤，A项"But how can you do some spring﹣cleaning？"（但是你怎么能做春季大扫除呢？）以问句引出具体方法，衔接后文的步骤指导，故选A。 （4）根据前文提到可以将打扫变成游戏，或设置计时器，B项"Putting some music on while cleaning is a way，too."（打扫时放点音乐也是一种方法。）补充让清洁有趣的另一种方式，呼应前文的"make it fun"（让它变得有趣），故选B。 （5）根据前文讲泰国泼水节清洁驱走坏运气，后文讲"扫尘为好运让路"，D项"Chinese New Year starts with a spring﹣cleaning day called Sao Chen."（中国新年以一个名为"圣辰"的春季大扫除日开始。）介绍中国的相关习俗，呼应后文的"扫尘"说法，故选D。 4．【答案】EACDB 【解析】（1）根据前文"In 1921，an Englishman painted his cane white so that drivers would see him easily."（1921年，一位英国人把他的手杖涂成白色，这样司机就能轻易看到他）可知，这里需要衔接这个做法带来的后续影响。结合选项可知，E.His idea spread and led to similar products in other countries.（他的想法传播开来，其他国家也出现了类似的物品）符合语境。故选E。 （2）根据前文"What can we do if we meet someone with a white cane？"（如果我们遇到拿着白色手杖的人，我们能做什么？）以及后文"The first rule is to be respectful."（第一条规则是要尊重）可知，这里需要引出相关的规则。结合选项可知，A.Here are some rules to follow.（这里有一些需要遵守的规则）符合语境。故选A。 （3）根据前文"Many white cane users can move around by themselves and may not need help."（许多使用白色手杖的人可以自己行动，可能不需要帮助）以及后文"If they accept your help，follow what they say carefully"（如果他们接受你的帮助，要仔细听从他们的指示）可知，这里需要表达"先询问再提供帮助"的内容。结合选项可知，C.So，always ask if they need help before giving them a hand.（所以，在帮忙之前一定要问他们是否需要帮助）符合语境。故选C。 （4）根据后文"The cane is an important tool for safety.Taking it away can cause confusion.Even if the cane is put down，don't move it without permission."（手杖是重要的安全工具。拿走它会造成混乱。即使手杖被放下，未经允许也不要移动它）可知，这里需要引出和手杖使用相关的规则。结合选项可知，D.Another rule is never to touch a white cane while it is in use.（另一条规则是绝不要触碰正在使用中的白色手杖）符合语境。故选D。 （5）根据前文"It is wonderful that people are willing to help white cane users."（人们愿意帮助使用白色手杖的人，这是很好的）以及后文"Take a moment to learn how to treat them with respect."（花点时间学习如何尊重地对待他们）可知，这里需要表达转折，说明不是所有人都知道正确的做法。结合选项可知，B.However，not everyone knows how to do so properly.（然而，并不是每个人都知道如何正确地这样做）符合语境。故选B。 5．【答案】FABED 【解析】（1）根据前文"We use it to have a chat，play a game，tell jokes，ask for help，and do a thousand other things."（我们用它来聊天、玩游戏、讲笑话、寻求帮助，以及做一千件其他事情。）可知前文讲"我们用语言聊天、玩游戏等"，结合选项，F项"None of these could happen without language.（没有语言这些都无法发生。）"符合语境。故选F。 （2）根据前文"We had to learn how to do it. "（我们不得不学会怎么做。）可知后文说的是成功对话最基本规则是什么，结合选项，A项"We had to learn rules.（我们得学习规则。）"符合语境。故选A。 （3）根据前文"We take turns.I speak and then you do and then I do and then you do. "（我们轮流进行。我先说，然后你再说，接着我再说，再由你来说。）可知说的是对话要轮流，我讲你讲交替来，结合选项，B项"We don't speak at the same time.（我们不会同时说话。）"符合语境。故选B。 （4）根据前文"This is especially important if there are several people taking part in a conversation."（如果有多个人参与对话，这一点尤为重要。）可知说的是多人参与，结合选项，E项"Everyone has got something to say about it.（每个人都对它有话要说。）"符合语境。故选E。 （5）根据后文"We have to learn how to do it."（我们必须学会如何去做。）可知说的是要学会听和说，结合选项，D项"Turn ﹣ taking doesn't come naturally.（轮流发言不是天生的。）"符合语境。故选D。 6．【答案】FCEDB 【解析】（1）根据前文 "Keeping yourself positive is about having a feeling of happiness and life satisfaction.It is also linked to health.（保持积极心态意味着拥有幸福感与生活满足感，这也和健康息息相关。）" 后文分段列举多条保持积极心态的方法，F选项（你可以通过多种方式学会保持积极。）起到总起下文、承上启下的作用。故选F。 （2）根据后文 "You should not care too much about changing yourself.Use active self﹣talk by thinking or telling yourself things like，"I love who I am.I accept everything about myself right now.How I am right at this moment is completely fine."（不必过度执着改变自己，用积极的自我暗示告诉自己，我爱当下的自己，接纳此刻全部的自己，现在的我就足够好。）" 可知本段核心是接纳当下的自身，C选项（关注此刻的自己。）贴合本段中心。故选C。 （3）根据前文 "Positive people don't look for other materials or experiences to keep happy.（心态积极的人不会依靠外物与外在经历获取快乐。）"E选项（所以多留意生活中美好的部分。）顺着前文逻辑，给出正向思考的具体做法，衔接自然。故选E。 （4）根据后文 "Some examples are watching TV，painting and listening to music.Doing exercise like swimming and hiking also helps.Do whatever that can help you.（举例有看电视、画画、听音乐，游泳、徒步这类运动也有帮助，做一切能让自己放松的事。）" 这些都属于休闲放松活动，D选项（空闲时参与放松的活动。）引出下文各类休闲事例。故选D。 （5）根据后文 "Do not depend on others to tell you what you want.Hold true to your own beliefs.If you want to be a driver，start to study traffic rules.If you dream of becoming a writer，begin to write daily.Every step towards your dream is a success﹣even the smallest one.（不要依靠他人定义你的追求，坚守自己的信念。想成为司机就学习交规，想成为作家就每日写作，迈向梦想的每一小步都是成功。）" 本段围绕树立个人梦想、目标展开，B选项（设立属于自己的目标。）概括整段内容。故选B。 7．【答案】EBACF 【解析】（1）根据上文When Jennifer was 10 years old，she saw the movie Space Camp.（Jennifer10岁时看了电影《太空营》。）说Jennifer 10岁时看了电影《太空营》，空白处后说她喜欢这部电影并对太空科学产生兴趣。因此空白处应简单介绍这部电影的内容。选项E.它讲的是太空营里一群被送入太空的孩子。与上文"这部电影"衔接，符合逻辑。故选E。 （2）根据上文The information they got told them，"Hey，maybe there is water on the moon!" （他们得到的信息告诉他们："嘿，也许月球上会有水！"）说团队从获取的信息中发现"月球上可能有水！"，空后They love to discover something new.（他们喜欢发现新事物。）因此空白处应表达这对研究人员来说是令人兴奋的消息。选项B.这对研究人员来说真是令人兴奋的消息。与上文形成因果关系，符合逻辑。故选B。 （3）根据上文When their team learned that there was some form of water on Mars，they began to wonder：Is there anything living in the water？（当他们的团队得知火星上存在某种形式的水时，开始产生疑问：水里是否真的有生命存在？）说团队在火星上发现水的存在后，开始思考水中是否有什么东西存活。选项A.除了地球之外，其他星球上会不会有生命？准确概括了他们的疑问，符合逻辑。故选A。 （4）根据上文They also do research in Iceland and Antarctica，through which they learn how ice and water work in cold environments. （他们还在冰岛和南极进行研究，借此了解冰和水在寒冷环境中的行为。）说他们在冰岛和南极洲进行研究，了解冰和水在寒冷环境中如何运作，空后They can know how water behaves on the moon and Mars because they understand how it behaves on Earth.（他们能够了解水在月球和火星上的行为，是因为他们理解了水在地球上的行为。）因此空白处应说明他们可以用这些知识研究其他星球。选项C.然后他们可以用这些知识研究其他星球。与后文形成因果关系，符合逻辑。故选C。 （5）根据上文In Jennifer's opinion，kids are the future of space exploration.They are going to be the scientists and astronauts who'll discover space mysteries.（在Jennifer看来，孩子们是太空探索的未来。他们将成为发现宇宙奥秘的科学家和宇航员。）说孩子们是太空探索的未来，空后Having a face﹣to﹣face communication with scientists is also a good idea.（与科学家面对面交流也是个好主意。）因此空白处应建议对太空感兴趣的孩子多读书。选项F.建议对太空感兴趣的孩子多读书。与后文"也"形成并列关系，符合逻辑。故选F。 8．【答案】FCDBA 【解析】（1）根据上文The United Nations describes any person over the age of 60 as old.（联合国将60岁以上的人视为老年人。）以及下文In many cultures，people in their fifties or sixties may already be seen as elderly，while in others，old age begins much later.（在许多文化中，五十多岁或六十多岁的人就已经被视为老年人了；而在另一些文化中，进入老年期的年龄则要大得多。）可知，老年人年龄的评定标准是不一样的。结合选项，F选项"全世界范围内并不存在统一的通用标准。"符合语境，故选F。 （2）根据上文In countries such as the US and the UK，most old people prefer to live independently.（在美国和英国等国家，大多数老年人更愿意独立生活。）可知，此处应更深入的说明大多数老年人更愿意独立生活的理由，结合选项，C选项"他们重视自己的自由和个人空间。"符合语境，故选C。 （3）根据上文While they are respected，modern western culture stresses the importance of youth.（虽然老年人受到尊重，但现代西方文化更强调年轻的重要性。）以及下文Old age is often connected with a person becoming less active or less independent.（人们通常认为，年老意味着人的活动能力下降，独立性也减弱了）可知，此处描述应是与人变老的话题有关，结合选项，D选项"变老并不被视为一种积极的人生经历。"符合语境，故选D。 （4）根据下文In Korea，for example，the 60th and 70th birthdays are two of the most important.These birthdays are the cause for family celebration.（在韩国，60岁和70岁的生日被视为非常重要的时刻，家人会为此举行庆祝活动。）可知，此处描述应是与庆祝老人的生日有关的话题，结合选项，B选项"在其他国家，人们会以各种方式庆祝老人的生日。"符合语境，故选B。 （5）根据上文Although there are differences，treating the elderly with kindness，respect and care is a common value.（虽然存在差异，但以友善、尊重和关怀的态度对待老年人，是一种共同的价值观。）以及下文Helping elderly people live healthily and happily becomes even more important.（帮助老年人健康快乐地生活就显得尤为重要了。）可知，此处描述应是与社会发展有关的话题，结合选项，A选项"随着全球人口老龄化趋势的加剧。"符合语境，故选A。 三．任务型阅读（共2小题） 9．【答案】（1）B （2）E （3）F （4）D （5）A （6）first （7）army （8）shine （9）after （10）main 【解析】（1）根据下文Black and white came out first.Ancient languages only divided the colors into dark and light.（黑色和白色首先出现。古代语言只将颜色分为深色和浅色。）可知，黑白对应的含义是B选项"日日夜夜"符合，故选B。 （2）根据下文The next color was red.It was a symbol of strength and energy，connected with power and courage.（接下来出现的是红色，它是力量与活力的象征，和权力、勇气相关。）可知，红色对应的含义是E选项"力量和勇气"符合，故选E。 （3）根据下文Yellow，which came then，goes back to a PIE root that means"shine bright".（当时出现的黄色可以追溯到PIE词根，意思是"闪闪发光"。）可知，黄色对应的含义是F选项"光明与生命"符合，故选F。 （4）根据下文In nearly every language and culture，green is connected with growth and nature.（在几乎所有语言和文化中，绿色都和生长、自然相关联）可知，绿色对应的含义是D选项" 生长与自然"符合，故选D。 （5）根据下文Before blue became a known color，people usually used"sky"and"sea"to describe blue things.（在蓝色成为众所周知的颜色之前，人们通常用"天"和"海"来形容蓝色的东西。）可知，蓝色对应的含义是A选项"天空和大海"符合，故选A。 （6）根据第二段中Black and white came out first.（黑色和白色首先出现。）可知，黑白是最早出现的颜色词，故填 first。 （7）根据第三段中In many countries，red was the color of army uniforms in history.（在许多国家，红色是历史上军装的颜色。）可知，历史上红色常被用作军队制服的颜色，故填 army。 （8）根据第四段中Yellow，which came then，goes back to a PIE root that means"shine bright".（当时出现的黄色可以追溯到PIE词根，意思是"闪闪发光"。）可知，黄色对应的原始印欧语词根含义是"闪耀明亮"，故填 shine。 （9）根据第五段中Green was after yellow.（绿色紧随黄色之后。）可知，绿色在黄色之后出现，故填 after。 （10）根据第六段中One of the last main colors was blue.（最后一种主要颜色是蓝色。）可知，蓝色是最晚成型的核心颜色词之一，故填main。 10．【答案】（1）They may get tired during classes. （2）By adjusting the height of their chairs.By choosing a balanced sitting position. （3）My dictionary.It helps me learn new words more easily. 【解析】（1）根据第一段中"When they sit uncomfortably for too long，they may get tired during classes.And this makes it difficult for them to take an active part in learning activities."（当他们长时间坐得不舒服时，上课期间可能会感到疲倦，从而难以积极参与学习活动。）可知，他们可能会在课堂上感到疲倦。故答案为They may get tired during classes. （2）根据第二段中"One way to solve this problem is to adjust the height of their chairs."（解决这个问题的一种方法是调整椅子的高度。）和第三段中"They need to know that a balanced sitting position can make a big difference."（他们需要知道，正确的坐姿能带来显著的改善。）可知，通过调整椅子的高度。选择正确的坐姿。故答案为By adjusting the height of their chairs.By choosing a balanced sitting position. （3）根据个人情况，可知我的词典。它帮助我更轻松地学习新单词。故答案为My dictionary.It helps me learn new words more easily. 四．选词填空（共2小题） 11．【答案】（1）true （2）environment （3）But （4）to （5）temperature （6）build （7）growth 【解析】（1）句意：这个想法总有一天会实现。true"真实的"符合题意，come true是固定搭配表示实现，故填true。 （2）句意：为了在火星上生存，人类需要水、食物、居住场所，以及有充足氧气的温暖环境。environment"环境"符合题意，故填environment。 （3）句意：但是火星不是地球。But"但是"符合题意，此处表转折且句首首字母大写，故填But。 （4）句意：我们必须改造火星的环境，让它和地球的环境相似。to"到"符合题意，be similar to是固定短语表示与……相似，故填to。 （5）句意：其中一个核心目标是给火星升温，因为那里的平均温度约为零下60摄氏度。temperature"温度"符合题意，故填temperature。 （6）句意：让火星升温的一个思路是在那里建造能产生温室气体的工厂。build"建造"符合题意，不定式符号to后用动词原形，故填build。 （7）句意：这会带来降雨和植物的生长。growth"生长"符合题意，故填growth。 12．【答案】（1）is （2）Although （3）smaller （4）such as （5）make 【解析】（1）句意：它如此小巧，看起来只有一枚硬币那么大。主语It是单数，描述事物的属性特征用一般现在时，be动词用is。故填is。 （2）句意：尽管这款时钟体积很小，它却能清晰精准地计时。前后句存在让步逻辑关系，although意为"尽管、虽然"，引导让步状语从句，句首首字母大写。故填Although。 （3）句意：但武汉大学推出的这款新型时钟仅2.3立方厘米，体积要小得多。此处将国产新时钟和国外同类产品做对比，much后接形容词比较级，small的比较级smaller意为"更小的"。故填smaller。 （4）句意：它在现代科技领域十分实用，比如太空人造卫星、空中无人机群以及海下设备。such as是固定搭配，意为"例如、比如"，用来列举相关应用场景。故填such as。 （5）句意：如今科学家们可以大批量制造这类时钟。make意为"制造、生产"，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填make。 五．短文填空（共2小题） 13．【答案】（1）shorter （2）What （3）find （4）become （5）each （6）also （7）height （8）fact （9）young （10）wake 【解析】（1）句意：但你知道大多数人在30岁后开始一点一点地变矮吗？系动词"get"后需填形容词作表语，与前文"growing taller"形成对比。结合文章主题"老年人变矮"及首字母s，应填short的比较级shorter，意为"更矮的"。故填shorter。 （2）考查疑问词。句意：你身体里的什么东西变矮了这么多？该句为特殊疑问句，缺主语。结合下文回答"是你的脊柱"，此处问的是"什么东西"，首字母W应填What，意为"什么"，置于句首首字母大写。故填What。 （3）句意：继续阅读，你就能找出事实的真相。情态动词"can"后需填动词原形。固定搭配"find out"意为"找出、查明"，首字母f应填find。故填find。 （4）句意：它们变得稍微薄一点。主语"They"指代前文的"discs"，谓语动词需用原形，结合前文失去水分导致椎间盘变薄，首字母b应填become，意为"变得"，主语为复数，用原形。故填become。 （5）句意：结果，当它们每一个都变矮一点点时，你就会变矮。介词"of"前需填不定代词作主语，与复数名词discs对应，表示"每一个"，首字母e应填each，意为"每一个"。故填each。 （6）句意：老年人的肌肉也会变得更小更弱，他们的骨骼会变得更纤细，骨骼之间的空隙也会变小。助动词get后需填词，表示"也"。结合前文讲椎间盘变化，此处补充肌肉的变化，首字母a应填also，意为"也"。故填also。 （7）句意：这些加在一起，就会改变你的身高。形容词性物主代词"your"后需填名词，结合全文讨论身高变化，首字母h应填height，意为"身高"。故填height。 （8）句意：还有另一个你可能没有意识到的事实。形容词"another"后需填名词，表示"另一个事实"，首字母f应填fact，意为"事实"。故填fact。 （9）句意：即使你年轻，一天内也会变矮。系动词"are"后需填形容词作表语，与后文一天内身高变化形成对比，表示"年轻的"，首字母y应填young，意为"年轻的"。故填young。 （10）句意：早上醒来时你实际上是最高的。主语"you"后缺谓语动词，句子为一般现在时，固定搭配"wake up"意为"醒来"，结合时间状语in the morning，首字母w应填wake。故填wake。 14．【答案】（1）mention （2）eastern （3）peace （4）better （5）war （6）difficulty （7）Over （8）achieve （9）visited （10）complete 【解析】（1）句意：任何关于中国文化的讨论如果不提到它都是不完整的。根据No discussion about Chinese culture is complete without（没有……任何关于中国文化的讨论如果不提到长城都是不完整的。）及首字母m提示可知，此处需表示"提及、提到"的名词，mention"提及"符合语境，without mention of"没有提及"为常见搭配。故填mention。 （2）句意：它绵延六千多公里，从西部沙漠的嘉峪关一直延伸到东部海岸的山海关。根据前文in the western desert（西部沙漠）及首字母e提示可知，此处对应填形容词eastern，意为"东部的"，eastern seashore表示"东部海岸"。故填eastern。 （3）句意：修建长城承载着人们对和平的强烈向往。根据后文loves peace（热爱和平）和语境及首字母p提示可知，此处填名词peace，意为"和平"，for peace表示"为了和平、向往和平"。故填peace。 （4）句意：中国人明白堆砌石块筑墙远比投掷石块互相伤害、杀戮要好。根据空后比较级标志than可知，此处用形容词比较级，结合语境筑墙比征战更好及首字母b提示，better（更好的）符合。故填better。 （5）句意：只有热爱和平、憎恨战争的民族才会投入如此多的人力物力修建长城。根据who loves peace and hates（热爱和平、憎恨）及首字母w提示可知，此处需表示"战争"的名词，war"战争"符合语境。故填war。 （6）句意：修建长城过程中的困难超乎我们的想象。根据goes beyond our imagination（超出我们的想象）及首字母d提示可知，此处需表示"困难"的名词，difficulty"困难"符合语境，谓语goes"前进"为第三人称单数，此处为抽象概念用单数。故填difficulty。 （7）句意：几个世纪以来，长城已经成为中国人民团结和力量的象征。根据the centuries（几个世纪）及首字母o提示可知，此处需表示"经过、贯穿"的介词，Over"经过"符合语境，over the centuries"数个世纪以来"为常见搭配。故填Over。 （8）句意：它提醒我们人类通过集体努力能够取得什么成就。根据what humans can（人类能够）及首字母a提示可知，此处需表示"实现、达到"的动词，achieve"实现"符合语境，can"能"后接动词原形。故填achieve。 （9）句意：如今，长城每年被数百万游客参观。根据by millions of tourists each year（每年被数百万游客）及首字母v提示可知，此处需表示"参观、游览"的动词，此处为被动语态is visited"被餐馆"。故填visited。 （10）句意：不参观长城，中国之行就不算完整。根据No trip to China is...without a visit to the Great Wall（不去长城……就没有中国之旅）及首字母c提示可知，此处需表示"完整的"形容词，complete"完整的"符合语境。故填complete。 六．语法填空（共2小题） 15．【答案】（1）films（2）as（3）naturally（4）makes（5）finding（6）and（7）the（8）these（9）seen（10）careful 【解析】（1）句意：在那些电影里，流沙经常把人和动物吸进去直至死亡。根据指示代词those后需接可数名词复数，film的复数形式为films，故填films。 （2）句意：真实的流沙和电影里的流沙并不一样。根据固定搭配the same as（和……一样），故填as。 （3）考查副词用法。句意：它自然地形成。空格修饰动词forms，副词修饰动词，natural的副词形式是naturally，故填naturally。 （4）句意：这使得沙子湿滑并开始流动。根据主语This是第三人称单数，文章时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填makes。 （5）考查动名词。句意：事实上，发现流沙并不是一件难事。根据句子缺少主语，动名词可以作句子主语，find的动名词形式是finding，故填finding。 （6）句意：水分渗入沙子，让沙子又湿又软。根据and用来连接并列的形容词wet和soft，故填and。 （7）考查定冠词。句意：沙子不是唯一可以变成"流动"状态的物质。根据only前面要用定冠词the，the only为固定用法，故填the。 （8）考查限定词。句意：也就是说当这些物质中的水与物质混合，它们就会形成流沙。根据后面materials是复数名词，this的复数形式these修饰复数名词，故填these。 （9）考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：流沙通常在湿地或者多水区域被发现。根据主语Quicksand和动词see是被动关系，被动语态结构为be+过去分词，see的过去分词为seen，故填seen。 （10）句意：所以当你遇到流沙时，你仍然应该小心。根据be动词后接形容词作表语，care的形容词形式是careful，be careful表示小心，故填careful。 16．【答案】（1）has walked （2）actually （3）was built （4）in （5）harder （6）an （7）to share （8）travelers （9）us （10）and 【解析】（1）句意：自2001年以来，她已经在古蜀道上行走了25次。句中时间状语Since 2001 （自2001年以来）是现在完成时的标志，现在完成时结构为have/has+过去分词 ，主语she是第三人称单数，助动词用has，walk的过去分词是walked。故答案为has walked。 （2）句意：它实际上是一个覆盖1000多公里、连接四川盆地与中原的道路网。括号内actual是形容词，此处需要副词来修饰整个句子，表示"实际上"，actual的副词形式是actually。故答案为actually。 （3）句意：蜀道建于2300多年前。括号内build是动词，主语Shudao（蜀道）和build是被动关系（蜀道被建造），且时间状语over 2，300 years ago表示过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were + 过去分词 ，主语是单数，助动词用was，build的过去分词是built。故答案为was built。 （4）句意：它在古代中国提供交通线路方面发挥了重要作用。此处考查固定搭配play an important role in doing sth. ，意为"在做某事中发挥重要作用"。故答案为in。 （5）句意：他曾写道："蜀道难，难于上青天。"括号内hard是形容词，句中出现than （比），表示比较，需用形容词的比较级，hard的比较级是harder。故答案为harder。 （6）考查冠词。句意：对许多美国参与者来说，这段旅程不仅是一次徒步旅行，也是一次体验中国文化的经历。experience此处意为"一次经历"，是可数名词，且发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故答案为an。 （7）考查动词不定式。句意：中国翻译家邱婷婷说，贾斯汀写这本书是为了分享她的徒步经历。括号内share是动词，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示"写这本书的目的是分享经历"。故答案为to share。 （8）句意：但在她的书在社交媒体上引起关注后，每年有更多西方旅行者开始走这条古道。括号内traveler是可数名词，more （更多的）后接可数名词复数形式，traveler的复数是 travelers。故答案为travelers。 （9）句意：这提醒我们，最好的跨文化交流通常不是单向的传播。括号内we是人称代词主格，此处作动词reminds的宾语，需用宾格形式，we的宾格是us。故答案为us。 （10）句意：它是一个开放的通道，让人们用自己的脚步去体验，用自己的眼睛去发现。此处连接两个并列的动作experience it...和 discover it... ，需用并列连词and。故答案为and。 七．短文改错（共1小题） 17．【答案】（1）try—tried （2）a—the （3）true—truly （4）them—their （5）listening— to listen （6）of—by （7）trees （8）run—running （9）is （10）silence 【解析】（1）考查动词过去分词。句意：你试过听他们说话吗？根据空前Have可知，句子是现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done；try的过去分词是tried。故答案为：try—tried。 （2）考查定冠词。句意：鸭子的呱呱叫声、青蛙的呱呱叫声和鸟儿的鸣叫声可以在我们的脑海中产生画面。根据空前The quacking of ducks，the croaking of frogs提示可知，下划线词应用the，表示特指。故答案为：a—the。 （3）句意：你不认为他们能真正触动我们的心吗？空处的词是修饰动词，故应用副词truly"真正地"。故答案为：true—truly。 （4）句意：我们中的许多人可能没有生活在这些动物附近，但它们的声音留在了我们的记忆中。下划线词是修饰名词，故应用形容词性物主代词their"他们的"。故答案为：them—their。 （5）考查动词不定式。句意：如果我们花时间去聆听，自然的声音无处不在听着。根据句子结构可知，下划线处应是动词不定式做目的状语。故答案为：listening— to listen。 （6）句意：它们不仅仅是由动物或鸟类制造的。根据句意可知，动物或鸟类是动作"制造"的执行者，故介词应用by。故答案为：of—by。 （7）句意：有些人可能喜欢听风吹过树的声音。tree"树"是可数名词，此处应用复数表示类别。答案为：tree—trees。 （8）考查动名词。句意：其他人可能喜欢溪水流过岩石的声音。下划线词之前有a修饰，故应用动名词running。故答案为：run—running。 （9）句意：倾听大自然对我们很有好处。主语Listening to nature是第三人称单数形式，故系动词应用is。故答案为：are—is。 （10）句意：要充分享受天籁之音，为什么不走出去，静静地坐着，仔细聆听呢？in silence"静静地"。故答案为：silent—silence。 八．完成句子（共1小题） 18．【答案】（1）Does；have （2）couldn't afford （3）What is （4）so；that （5）It will become more popular in the future. 【解析】（1）考查一般疑问句。句意：它有悠久的历史吗？根据It has a long history.（它有着悠久的历史。）及要求，需将助动词does提前，has还原为have。故填Does；have。 （2）考查否定句。句意：那时普通人买不起它们。根据Common people could afford them at that time.（那时普通人买得起。）及要求，在could后加not，缩写为couldn't，afford保持不变。故填couldn't afford。 （3）考查特殊疑问句。句意：中国画以什么出名？根据划线部分flower﹣and﹣bird painting（花鸟画）可知，此处是对事物提问，用What，后接be动词is。故填What is。 （4）考查固定句型。句意：它如此美丽以至于很多人都喜欢它。"so...that..."意为"如此……以至于……"，符合语境。故填so；that。 （5）考查连词成句。句意：未来它会变得更受欢迎。根据提示词和标点，正确语序为：It will become more popular in the future. 第1页（共1页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $